CN101944749A - Parallel running controller of fully-digital shipboard generator and method - Google Patents
Parallel running controller of fully-digital shipboard generator and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parallel running controller of a fully-digital shipboard generator, which comprises a CPU and a main board, wherein the main board is provided with six independent A/D translation ports, of which three ports are used for the input of three-phase voltage signals of a bus bar of a ship generating station (a power grid), and the other three ports are used for the input of three-phase voltage signals of generators to be paralleled; and the device carries out digitalization and operation on the input three-phase voltage signals of the generators to be paralleled and the power grid so as to realize the digitalization of phase sequence detection, voltage difference detection, phase difference detection and frequency difference detection. By outputting voltage difference and frequency difference regulating signals, phase sequence indication signals and switching-on parallel signals of the generators to be paralleled, the device regulates the phase sequence, the voltage, the phase and the frequency of the generators to be paralleled so as to realize the synchronous parallel of the generators and the power grid. The invention also discloses a parallel method of the fully-digital shipboard generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of full digital marine generator and truck control device and method.
Background technology
The Ship Power Station is made up of some three-phase synchronous AC generators usually, according to the marine vessel power loading demand, by 2 or 2 above parallel running of generators.Before treating that also generator is linked into network of ship, need treating also, phase sequence, voltage, frequency, the phase place of generator detect.When treating and phase sequence, voltage, the frequency of the phase sequence of generator, voltage, frequency, phase place and electrical network, when phase place is consistent, can carrying out synchroswitching and car.But at present, ship power station generator and car control mostly are analog type device, treat and phase sequence, voltage, frequency, the phase place of generator are carried out input, and control treats and output waveform and the electrical network synchronous waveform of generator, realize treating and the generator also car that closes a floodgate.This analog generator and truck control device complex structure, be difficult for precise synchronization, generally can only carry out generator accurate synchronously and car, promptly under the consistent prerequisite of phase sequence, allow to treat and generator and voltage, frequency, the phase place of the electrical network also car that in the deviation range of regulation, closes a floodgate.
Along with the development of computer technology, network technology, signal real-time processing technique, the control of the digital synchronous of ship power station generator becomes possibility.Chinese patent CN101047317 discloses a kind of digital synchronous control method of ship power station generator, by to electrical network and treat and the voltage signal shaping of generator after isolate the formation square-wave signal, treat also frequency, frequency difference, phase place, the phase difference of generator thereby calculate, realize the synchronous and car of generator.Be characterized in indication and control are melted into a whole, be embedded in the synchronous dial gauge, be mainly used in the Ship Power Station analogue system.Chinese patent CN101383515 discloses the digital joint operating device of diesel engine generator that a kind of oil-well rig is used, by also car control integrated system, circuit breaker control system and Power Limitation unit etc. are formed.Owing to adopted existing external integrated products, therefore, the technical method of this patent and undeclared this digital and car.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of full digital marine generator and truck control device and and the car method, by to input treat and the three-phase voltage signal of generator and electrical network carries out digital operation and handles, frequency difference conditioning signal poor with output voltage, the phase sequence index signal, and treat the also combined floodgate and the car signal of generator, realize purpose generator and network of ship and that car is accurately controlled.
For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Full digital marine generator and truck control device comprise CPU and mainboard, it is characterized in that:
Described mainboard is provided with six independently A/D conversion ports, and wherein three ports are used for Ship Power Station (electrical network) bus-bar three-phase voltage signal input, and other three ports are used to treat and the three-phase voltage signal of generator is imported;
Described mainboard is provided with six output relay ports, wherein: the voltage difference regulating relay of two concurrent motors of the outer respectively reception of port, when treating that also the generator voltage amplitude is higher or lower than line voltage, the action of correspondent voltage difference regulating relay, output buck or boost signal; The difference on the frequency regulating relay of two concurrent motors of the outer respectively reception of port, when treating that also the generator frequency value is higher or lower than mains frequency, the action of correspondent frequency difference regulating relay, output frequency reducing or up-conversion signal; The external phase sequence indicator light of one port is when treating and the phase sequence of generator and electrical network phase sequence when inconsistent that the phase sequence indicator light is bright; The closing relay of the concurrent motor of the outer reception of one port, when treat and generator satisfies and spoke spare after, closing relay action, output and car switching signal;
Described mainboard is provided with two serial ports, one of them serial port is used to connect generator and indication of car state and alarm unit, another serial port is used to connect Marine Power Station Control System, makes the part of this device as whole Marine Power Station Control System.
The Ship Power Station bus-bar, treat and generator and mainboard on the A/D conversion port between be provided with photoisolator, be used for external signal and isolate, play anti-interference effect.
Described generating set and the indication of car state can be LCD or LED display with alarm unit, are directly installed on the panel of generator and car control flow, can check and treat the also also car status data of generating set.
After the starting of boats and ships threephase alternator, must satisfy four conditions when being connected to the grid bus-bar: treat that 1. also generator is consistent with the phase sequence of electrical network; 2. treat that also generator equates with the voltage of electrical network; 3. treat that also generator equates with the initial phase angle of electrical network; 4. treat that also generator equates with the frequency of electrical network.The detection of above-mentioned condition is carried out as follows:
1. phase sequence detects
The input and the bus bar voltage signal of vehicle controller and treat that concurrent motor voltage signal is after the A/D conversion, the digital quantity of each phase sampler subtracts each other and obtains each phase difference through subtracter respectively, each phase difference through comparator relatively, if equate in twos, then explanation treats that also generator is consistent with the phase sequence of electrical network, allows and car; Otherwise, if do not equate in twos, then explanation treat and generator inconsistent with the phase sequence of electrical network, and the phase sequence indicator light is bright, sends alarm signal, forbids also car.
2. voltage difference detects and adjusts
Treat and the consistent prerequisite of phase sequence of generator and electrical network under, get a wherein phase voltage, the sampled value process integrator by one-period obtains line voltage respectively and treats the also effective value of generator voltage, pass through subtracter again, obtain line voltage and treat the also voltage difference of generator voltage.If this voltage difference less than zero, is then treated and the generator voltage amplitude is higher than line voltage, the corresponding actuating of relay, output buck control signal; If this voltage difference greater than zero, is then treated and the generator voltage amplitude is lower than line voltage, the control signal of boosting is exported in the corresponding actuating of relay; If this voltage difference equals zero, treat that then also generator equates with the voltage of electrical network, satisfy and spoke spare.
3. phase difference detection
Treating and generator equates under the prerequisite with the voltage effective value of electrical network, getting a wherein phase voltage, passing through the difference that subtracter obtains sampling amount, again the difference of each time sampling quantity of one-period is being passed through the integrator integration, obtaining the voltage difference effective value; Treat and the voltage effective value of generator and electrical network passes through adder and obtains sum of the two; Voltage difference effective value and treat and the voltage effective value sum of generator and electrical network is passed through divider obtains the two ratio, passes through the arcsine arithmetic unit again, obtains phase difference.If this phase difference less than zero, is then treated and the generator voltage waveform is ahead of electrical network; If this phase difference greater than zero, is then treated and the generator voltage waveform lags behind electrical network; If this phase difference equals zero, then treat and generator voltage waveform and electrical network same-phase, satisfy and spoke spare.
4. frequency difference detects and adjusts
Treating that also generator equates under the prerequisite with the voltage of electrical network, from phase difference detection amount and its amount of phase difference detection unit, obtain the two difference through subtracter through the delayer gained of once sampling, pass through divider again, obtain frequency difference.If this frequency difference less than zero, is then treated and the generator frequency value is higher than mains frequency, the corresponding actuating of relay, output frequency reducing control signal; If this frequency difference greater than zero, is then treated and the generator frequency value is lower than mains frequency, the corresponding actuating of relay, output raising frequency control signal; If this frequency difference equals zero, treat that then also generator equates with the frequency of electrical network, satisfy and spoke spare.
When treating that also generator is consistent with the phase sequence of electrical network; Treat that also generator equates with the voltage of electrical network; Treat that also generator equates with the initial phase angle of electrical network; Treat and generator when equating, satisfy generator and close a floodgate and spoke spare, treat and generator closes a floodgate and car with the frequency of electrical network, the input operation of power networks, and when above-mentioned arbitrary condition is false, forbid the generator combined floodgate.
Full digital marine generator of the present invention and truck control device will be imported treats and the three-phase voltage signal of generator and electrical network, carry out digitized processing and computing, realized the digitlization that phase sequence detection, voltage difference detection, phase difference detection and frequency difference detect,, frequency difference conditioning signal poor by output voltage, the phase sequence index signal, and treat the also combined floodgate and the car signal of generator, can realize the synchronous and car of generator and electrical network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of full digital marine generator of the present invention and truck control device.
Fig. 2 is the computing block diagram of full digital marine generator of the present invention and truck control device.
Fig. 3 is that the phase sequence of full digital marine generator of the present invention and truck control device detects schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the phase difference detection schematic diagram of full digital marine generator of the present invention and truck control device.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete accompanying drawing, further set forth the present invention.
Figure 1 shows that the circuit structure diagram of a kind of full digital marine generator of the present invention and truck control device.As shown in the figure, and truck control device be to be the embedded controller of core with CPU.CPU can be 386,486 or 586 chips as the core devices of controller.In order to reach the real time data processing requirement, support that the operating system of CPU operation is tailorable real time operating system, can be Linux, WinCE, VxWorks etc.
Include 6 port AD1～AD6 that independently analog quantity converted to digital quantity on the mainboard.Its middle port AD1, AD2, AD3 are used for the input of Ship Power Station bus-bar three-phase voltage signal, by threephase potential transformer 1, triple-pole switch 3 with bus-bar three-phase voltage signal u
1A, u
1B, u
1CInput.Port AD4, AD5, AD6 are used to treat and the three-phase voltage signal of generator is imported, and will treat the also three-phase voltage signal u of generator by threephase potential transformer 2, triple-pole switch 4, unit selector switch 5
2A, u
2B, u
2CInput.The Ship Power Station bus-bar, treat and generator and mainboard on the A/D conversion port between be provided with photoisolator 6, be used for external signal and isolate, play anti-interference effect.
H1 on the mainboard～H6 port is the output relay port, and wherein H1, H2 port are received the voltage difference regulating relay 7,8 of concurrent motor outward, when treating that also the generator voltage amplitude is higher than line voltage, and relay 7 actions, output buck signal; And when treating that also the generator voltage amplitude is lower than line voltage, relay 8 actions, output boost signal.The difference on the frequency regulating relay 9,10 of H3, the concurrent motor of the outer reception of H4 port, when treating that also the generator frequency value is higher than electrical network electricity frequency, relay 9 actions, output frequency reducing signal; And when treating that also the generator frequency value is lower than mains frequency, relay 10 actions, output up-conversion signal.The external red phase sequence indicator light 11 of H5 port; when treat and the phase sequence of generator with the electrical network phase sequence when inconsistent, red phase sequence indicator light 11 is bright, reminds the operations staff to shut down at this moment; reconfiguration is treated the also three-phase phase-sequence of generator, forbids treating and generator and car combined floodgate under the inconsistent situation of phase sequence.The closing relay 12 of the concurrent motor of the outer reception of H6 port, when treat and generator satisfies and spoke spare after, closing relay 12 actions, output and car switching signal.
Establish two RS-485 serial ports on the mainboard, wherein serial port 13 is used to connect generator and the indication of car state and alarm unit 15 of controller.This element is LCD or LED display, is directly installed on the panel of generator and car control flow, can check and treat the also also car status data of generator.Serial port 14 is used to connect Marine Power Station Control System, makes a generator and truck control device part as whole Marine Power Station Control System.
After the starting of boats and ships threephase alternator, must satisfy four conditions when being connected to the grid bus-bar: treat that 1. also generator is consistent with the phase sequence of electrical network; 2. treat that also generator equates with the voltage of electrical network; 3. treat that also generator equates with the initial phase angle of electrical network; 4. treat that also generator equates with the frequency of electrical network.The detection of above-mentioned four and spoke spare is by the electrical network bus bar voltage signal u to input and vehicle controller
1A, u
1B, u
1CWith treat concurrent motor voltage signal u
2A, u
2B, u
2CReal-time operation and obtain, its principle of operation is as shown in Figure 2.The detection of above-mentioned condition and adjustment are carried out respectively as follows:
1. phase sequence detects
Phase sequence detects principle as shown in Figure 3, and the left side figure among Fig. 3 is the situation of phase sequence unanimity, and the voltage difference amplitude in any moment equates, Δ U
A=Δ U
B=Δ U
CRight figure then is the situation of phase sequence when inconsistent, and the voltage difference amplitude in any moment can not equate entirely, Δ U
A≠ Δ U
BOr Δ U
B≠ Δ U
COr Δ U
A≠ Δ U
C
Treat and consistent detection of phase sequence of generator and electrical network, shown in the phase sequence detecting unit 20 among Fig. 2.The bus bar voltage signal u of input and vehicle controller
1A, u
1B, u
1CWith treat concurrent motor voltage signal u
2A, u
2B, u
2CAfter the A/D conversion, the digital quantity of the k time sampling is u
1A(k), u
1B(k), u
1C(k) and u
2A(k), u
2B(k), u
2C(k).A, B, C obtain difference DELTA u respectively after respectively subtracting each other through subtracter 21,22,23 mutually
A(k), Δ u
B(k), Δ u
C(k).After this difference compares through comparator 24, if Δ u
A(k), Δ u
B(k), Δ u
CEquate in twos that (k) then explanation treats that also generator is consistent with the phase sequence of electrical network, output binary signal θ (k)=0 allows and car; Otherwise, if Δ u
A(k), Δ u
B(k), Δ u
C(k) do not equate in twos, then explanation treat and generator inconsistent with the phase sequence of electrical network, output binary signal θ (k)=1, and phase sequence indicator light 11 is bright, sends alarm signal, forbids also car.
2. voltage difference detects and adjusts
Treat and the voltage difference detection of generator and electrical network, shown in the voltage difference detecting unit 30 among Fig. 2.Treat and phase sequence consistent (θ (k)=0) prerequisite of generator and electrical network under, get a wherein phase voltage (as the A phase) u
1(k) and u
2(k), the sampled value process integrator 31 and 32 by one-period obtains line voltage respectively and treats the also effective value U of generator voltage
1(k) and U
2(k).Pass through subtracter 33 again, obtain voltage difference delta U (k).If Δ U (k)＜0 then treats and the generator voltage amplitude is higher than line voltage, relay 7 actions, output buck control signal; If Δ U (k)＞0 then treats and the generator voltage amplitude is lower than line voltage, the control signal of boosting is exported in relay 8 actions; If Δ U (k)=0 then treats and generator equates with the voltage of electrical network, satisfy and spoke spare.
3. phase difference detection
The phase difference detection principle as shown in Figure 4.Right side figure among Fig. 4 is electrical network and treats the also waveform voltage signal figure of generator that left side figure is a phasor diagram.Work as U
1=U
2During=U, according to sine, phase difference
Can from Fig. 4, obtain by the phasor triangle of left figure:
Treat and the phase difference detection of generator and electrical network, shown in the phase difference detection unit among Fig. 2 40.A phase (A phase) voltage u wherein
1(k) and u
2(k), through behind the subtracter 41, obtain difference u
d(k), the sampled value process integrator 42 by one-period obtains its effective value with U
d(k).Treating that also generator equates U under the prerequisite with the voltage of electrical network
1(k)=U
2(k)=and U (k), therefore from a phase voltage effective value U of voltage difference detecting unit 30
1(k) and U
2(k), obtain 2U (k) through after the adder 43.U
d(k) and 2U (k) through divider, obtain U
d(k)/and 2U (k), pass through arcsine arithmetic unit 45 again, obtain phase difference
If
Treat that then also the generator voltage waveform is ahead of electrical network; If
Treat that then also the generator voltage waveform lags behind electrical network; If
Then treat and generator voltage waveform and electrical network same-phase, satisfy and spoke spare.
4. frequency difference detects and adjusts
Frequency difference detects principle, according to resulting phase difference detection value
It is carried out time diffusion, obtains difference on the frequency thus:
Therefore, treat and the difference on the frequency detection of generator and electrical network, shown in the difference on the frequency detecting unit 50 among Fig. 2.Treating that also generator equates with the voltage of electrical network under (Δ U (k)=0) prerequisite, from the phase difference detection amount of phase difference detection unit 40
Through the delayer 51 of once sampling, become
Through subtracter 52, obtain difference
Pass through divider 53 again, divisor is 2 π, obtains frequency difference
If
Treat that then also the generator frequency value is higher than mains frequency, relay 9 actions, output frequency reducing control signal; If
Treat that then also the generator frequency value is lower than mains frequency, relay 10 actions, output raising frequency control signal; If
Treat that then also generator equates with the frequency of electrical network, satisfy and spoke spare.
Carrying out phase difference in conjunction with above-mentioned frequency difference control method regulates.If phase difference detection signal
Treat that then also the generator voltage waveform is ahead of electrical network, carry out frequency difference this moment and regulate, output frequency reducing control signal; If
Treat that then also the generator voltage waveform lags behind electrical network, carry out frequency difference this moment and regulate, output raising frequency control signal; Make it at last
Realization is treated and generator voltage waveform and electrical network same-phase, satisfies and spoke spare.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. full digital marine generator and truck control device comprise CPU and mainboard, it is characterized in that:
Described mainboard is provided with six independently A/D conversion ports, and wherein three ports are used for the input of Ship Power Station bus-bar (electrical network) three-phase voltage signal, and other three ports are used to treat and the three-phase voltage signal of generator is imported;
Described mainboard is provided with six output relay ports, wherein: the voltage difference regulating relay of two concurrent motors of the outer respectively reception of port, when treating that also the generator voltage amplitude is higher or lower than line voltage, the action of correspondent voltage difference regulating relay, output buck or boost signal; The difference on the frequency regulating relay of two concurrent motors of the outer respectively reception of port, when treating that also the generator frequency value is higher or lower than electrical network electricity frequency, the action of correspondent frequency difference regulating relay, output frequency reducing or up-conversion signal; The external phase sequence indicator light of one port is when treating and the phase sequence of generator and electrical network phase sequence when inconsistent that the phase sequence indicator light is bright; The closing relay of the concurrent motor of the outer reception of one port, when treat and generator satisfies and spoke spare after, closing relay action, output and car switching signal;
Described mainboard is provided with two serial ports, one of them serial port is used to connect generator and indication of car state and alarm unit, another serial port is used to connect Marine Power Station Control System, makes a generator and truck control device part as whole Marine Power Station Control System.
2. full digital marine generator according to claim 1 and truck control device is characterized in that, the Ship Power Station bus-bar, treat and generator and mainboard on the A/D conversion port between be provided with photoisolator.
3. full digital marine generator according to claim 1 and truck control device is characterized in that, described generator and the indication of car state are LCD or LED display with alarm unit.
4. full digital marine generator and car method, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps: that phase sequence detection, voltage difference detection and adjustment, phase difference detection, frequency difference detect and adjust, when treating that also generator is consistent with the network of ship phase sequence, voltage difference is zero, phase difference is zero, when frequency difference is zero, treat and generator combined floodgate and car that operation is connected to the grid, and when above-mentioned arbitrary condition does not satisfy, forbid that generator closes a floodgate.
5. full digital marine generator according to claim 4 and car method is characterized in that, described phase sequence detects carries out as follows:
The input and the bus bar voltage signal of vehicle controller and treat that concurrent motor voltage signal is after the A/D conversion, the digital quantity of each phase sampler subtracts each other and obtains each phase difference through subtracter respectively, each phase difference through comparator relatively, if equate in twos, then explanation treats that also generator is consistent with the phase sequence of electrical network, allows and car; Otherwise, if do not equate in twos, then explanation treat and generator inconsistent with the phase sequence of electrical network, and the phase sequence indicator light is bright, sends alarm signal, forbids also car.
6. full digital marine generator according to claim 4 and car method is characterized in that, described voltage difference detects and adjusts and carry out as follows:
Treat and the consistent prerequisite of phase sequence of generator and electrical network under, get a wherein phase voltage, sampled value process integrator by one-period, obtain line voltage respectively and treat the also effective value of generator voltage, pass through subtracter again, obtain line voltage and treat the also voltage difference of generator voltage, if this voltage difference is less than zero, treat that then also the generator voltage amplitude is higher than line voltage, the corresponding actuating of relay, output buck control signal; If this voltage difference greater than zero, is then treated and the generator voltage amplitude is lower than line voltage, the control signal of boosting is exported in the corresponding actuating of relay; If this voltage difference equals zero, treat that then also generator equates with the voltage of electrical network, satisfy and spoke spare.
7. full digital marine generator according to claim 4 and car method is characterized in that, described phase difference detection is carried out as follows:
Treating and generator equates under the prerequisite with the voltage effective value of electrical network, getting a wherein phase voltage, passing through the difference that subtracter obtains sampling amount, again the difference of each time sampling quantity of one-period is being passed through the integrator integration, obtaining the voltage difference effective value; Treat and the voltage effective value of generator and electrical network passes through adder and obtains sum of the two; The voltage difference effective value and treat and the voltage effective value sum of generator and electrical network through divider, obtain the two ratio, pass through the arcsine arithmetic unit again, obtain phase difference, if this phase difference, treats then that also the generator voltage waveform is ahead of electrical network less than zero; If this phase difference greater than zero, is then treated and the generator voltage waveform lags behind electrical network; If this phase difference equals zero, then treat and generator voltage waveform and electrical network same-phase, satisfy and spoke spare.
8. full digital marine generator according to claim 4 and car method is characterized in that, described frequency difference detects and adjusts and carry out as follows:
Treating that also generator equates under the prerequisite with the voltage of electrical network, phase difference detection amount and its amount from phase difference detection unit through the delayer gained of once sampling, obtain the two difference through subtracter, pass through divider again, obtain frequency difference, if this frequency difference less than zero, is then treated and the generator frequency value is higher than mains frequency; The corresponding actuating of relay, output frequency reducing control signal; If this frequency difference greater than zero, is then treated and the generator frequency value is lower than mains frequency, the corresponding actuating of relay, output raising frequency control signal; If this frequency difference equals zero, treat that then also generator equates with the frequency of electrical network, satisfy and spoke spare.
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| CN103311907A (en) * | 2013-03-23 | 2013-09-18 | 南京科明自动化设备有限公司 | Synchronizing checking relay and angle locking method of synchronizing checking relay |
| CN104965124A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-07 | 杭州思绿能源科技有限公司 | Electronic type synchronous check relay |
| CN105680454A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-15 | 上海海事大学 | Voltage and reactive power comprehensive control system of ship power generator |
| CN110562430A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-13 | 上海海事大学 | docking device for parallel operation and parallel operation method thereof |
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| CN110562430A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-13 | 上海海事大学 | docking device for parallel operation and parallel operation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110112 |