CN101944202A - Just-in-time-based parallel forward calculation programing method for steel-making production planned time - Google Patents
Just-in-time-based parallel forward calculation programing method for steel-making production planned time Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 139
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010845 search algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a just-in-time-based parallel forward calculation programing method for steel-making production planned time. The method comprises the following steps of: on the basis that a steel-making production process flow network bottom layer object model takes a working position, a working procedure and a transport line as basic elements and the normal distribution rules of the operation time and transportation time of various steel grades are considered, regarding the pouring start time of each heat of sequential casting constraint calculation as a delivery date; taking the operation start time of each heat in the aspect of working procedure based on working procedure backward calculation as the planned reference target time; after the start and end operation time of each heat are calculated by time parallel forward calculation, distributing an appropriate processing working position for each heat by a working position selection rule; and adjusting and determining the start and end operation time on a corresponding working position of each heat by a heat operation time adjusting strategy in reference to the reference target time. An executable operation planning and dispatching scheme for realizing sequential casting production can be programmed rapidly and the method has high generality and wide applicability to the optimization of steel-making production operation planning and dispatching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical production planning and scheduling field, specifically a kind of method that solves a field of metallurgy STEELMAKING PRODUCTION production plan and a scheduling scheme formulation difficult problem that is applicable to.
Background technology
Steel-making continuous casting production is the critical process in the Iron and Steel Production tissue, has complex large system features such as diversity, multi-level, non-linear and dynamic opening.Its production schedules is formulated the production technology constraint that not only will consider each operation, and the Dynamic matching of multimachine multitask and the Dynamic Selection of multipath also need to consider the influence of upstream and downstream operation to organization of production from the angle of system, are np complete problems.Formulate rational steel-making continuous casting production schedules, can guarantee the tight linking of production logistics, improve the production organizational mode of steel mill and the overall operation efficiency of raising system.
In recent years, Chinese scholars has been carried out broad research to this problem, but it is the operation sequencing problem in hybrid flow workshop that existing research is worked out problem the Iron and Steel Production production plan abstract earlier usually, and set up from the angle of " control loss " that to depart from the rejection penalty that predetermined productive target produced with operations such as casting machine disconnectedly water, waits for before the operation be the mathematical programming model of objective function, adopt then based on methods such as method of emulation, heuristic, genetic algorithm, ant colony optimization algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and multiple agents and carry out model solution.This modeling and find the solution the degree that thought is difficult to determine objective optimization, particularly differing guarantees the realization of " connect and water " this crucial productive target surely; In addition, when production plan is worked out, be difficult to embody in the production uncertainty of processing and haulage time, cause the enforceability of the production plan worked out not strong.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing research method, set up a kind of general parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT, steel-making continuous casting production schedules and scheduling scheme are formulated and optimization problem provides a kind of new method and approach in order to study.
The present invention is according to the characteristics of steel-making continuous casting organization of production, invent a kind of consideration activity duration and haulage time normal distribution law, the beginning of each heat is considered as retrodicting at delivery date, each heat time the duration of pouring calculates gained it begins the steel-making continuous casting production-operational-plan method based on JIT thought of activity duration as the reference target time point of planning on each operation.
In this production plan preparation method, calculate the beginning of each heat on conticaster and be considered as delivery date the duration of pouring connecting to water, will be based on the activity time reference target time point that the beginning activity duration of each heat on each operation of calculating work out as plan of retrodicting, the beginning that calculates each heat by the time parallel forwards with finish the activity duration after, distribute suitable processing stations by the station selective rule for each heat, refer again to the reference target time adjust and determine each heat on the corresponding station of each operation beginning and finish the activity duration, connect with the realization between guaranteeing that each heat can pour into a mould (being punctual delivery), make to water in the production schedules time on time and to water.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: according to steel-making continuous casting producing process flow process and production organization mode, foundation is with station, operation, supply line is that fundamental element characterizes station in the actual production, the steel-making continuous casting producing process flow network underlying object model of operation and product processing technique route, considering on each steel grade activity duration and the haulage time normal distribution law basis, to be considered as delivery date the duration of pouring by the beginning that each heat of gained is calculated in " connect water " constraint, beginning duration of pouring of each heat is based on the operation reference target time point of the beginning activity duration of each heat of gained on each operation as planning of retrodicting, the beginning that calculates each heat by the time parallel forwards with finish the activity duration after, distribute suitable processing stations by the station selective rule for each heat, refer again to the reference target time adjust and determine each heat on the corresponding station of each operation beginning and finish the activity duration, to guarantee that each heat can be poured into a mould on time is punctual delivery, work out out fast can hold and realize to connect and to water the production plan and the scheduling scheme of production, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: read technological process of production network bottom layer object model, receive the steel-making continuous casting Production Lot Planning, be the casting plan and the heat plan of STEELMAKING PRODUCTION, read burn time related in the works processing steel grade on each operation process time and in the Parameters of Normal Distribution of each inter process haulage time;
Step 2: open and water time search: by each searching algorithm search or by opening the time of watering of each conticaster manually is set;
Step 3: connect and water calculating,
By opening the time of watering of each conticaster, with " connect and water principle ", by the beginning activity duration x of heat i on continuous casting working procedure k# conticaster
I, M, k, average duration of pouring t
I, M, kAnd with the back one heat i ' time interval σ that begins to pour into a mould
I, M, k, through type (1) calculates the beginning x duration of pouring of heat i '
i', M, the k Using such method calculate each heat on conticaster beginning and finish the duration of pouring, this time is considered as delivery date;
x
i′，M，k＝x
i，M，k+t
i，M，k+σ
i，M，k (1)
Step 4: based on the activity time calculating of retrodicting,
According to the beginning duration of pouring of each heat on conticaster, retrodict based on activity time, calculate the target of each heat on each operation respectively by formula (2)～formula (4) and begin the activity duration
The early start activity duration
Begin the activity duration the latest
To instruct the selection of process time and the inter process haulage time on operation of each heat in the time parallel forwards, x ' in the formula
I, jFor the target of heat i on operation j begins the activity duration;
Be respectively heat i in operation
On activity duration, the shortest activity duration, the longest activity duration;
Be respectively heat operation j with tight before operation
Haulage time, the shortest haulage time, the longest haulage time,
Step 5: along technological process of production time forwards,
With formula (2) calculate the target of each heat of gained on steel making working procedure begin the activity duration when serve as the plan formulation molten steel enter the rhythm of steel making working procedure, and along production procedure, carry out the time forwards of each heat, x in the formula with formula (5)
I, j, x
I, jRepresent the beginning activity duration of heat i respectively at operation j and tight back manufacturing procedure j; t
I, jBe the average operation time of heat i on operation j; (j j) is the haulage time of heat i between operation j and operation j to d; μ
I, jBe the permission stand-by period of heat i before operation j operation,
x
i，j＝x
i，j+t
i，j+d(j，
j)+μ
i，j (5)
In above-mentioned adjacent inter process heat time parallel forwards method, at adjacent inter process, calculate each heat according to formula (5) after the beginning activity duration on the tight back operation j from current flow chart j forwards, do not select processing stations to heat immediately, and only according to characterizing in the production procedure between operation and station the underlying object model of logical relation mutually, follow-up station and heat production technology route matching by the current operation station of heat, determine the available station set on tight back operation j, and store in the predistribution processing tasks set of operation.When operation operation j (after j＜M) goes up all heats and finish aforesaid operations, just is the suitable processing stations of all heats distribution on the back operation (j+1) of current operation j.
Step 6: suitable processing stations distributes,
Operation (j+1) is gone up all heats from morning to night sort, adopt the station selective rule to select suitable processing stations again by the beginning activity duration.Carry out station and divide timing, the constraint that should satisfy mainly contains: (1) each heat is assigned at most on the station in each operation and processes; (2) on the same station, after last heat such as having only to machine, could process adjacent heat back one heat; (3) stand-by period of each heat before the operation operation waited the process constraint condition in maximum allows the stand-by period scope.
Step 7: the start-stop activity duration is adjusted and determines, after previous step is selected suitable operation station, according to the object time, the beginning of determining each heat by the time regulation rule with finish the activity duration, heat begins the activity duration and adjusts strategy and be on the station:
The end of job time (being the pot life the earliest of station) of heat i before the beginning activity duration of heat i tightens early than this station, adopt rule 1 to adjust the beginning activity duration of heat i '; Behind heat activity duration conflict resolution, with heat i ' beginning activity duration x
I ', j, kBegin activity duration x ' with reference target
I ', jRelatively, if x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j＜0, illustrate that heat i ' just arrived flow chart before its target begins the activity duration, then adopt rule 2 to revise x
I ', j, kIf x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j＞0, illustrate that heat i could arrive the target station after its target begins the activity duration, need to adopt rule 3 to revise;
Step 8: when all heats have been selected suitable operation station on each manufacturing procedure, and determined beginning and finished the activity duration, output steel smelting-continuous casting production schedules scheme.
The suitable processing stations of described step 6 divides timing, and elder generation is followed successively by each heat by " arriving first processing principle earlier " and selects suitable processing stations, has a plurality of available stations can add man-hour and work as heat i, enables the maximum regular R of preferential processing weights successively
1, minimum regular R of operation conflict time
2, the balanced regular R of plant factor
3Station selective rule R at random
4Select suitable processing stations s, promptly
R
1：If|Θ
i，j+1|＝1?Then
s＝Θ
i，j+1
Else
Enable R
2
R
2：
Else
Enable R
3
R
3：If|P
i，j+1|＝1?Then
s＝P
i，j+1
Else
Enable R
4
R
4：s＝Rand(P
i，j+1)
Wherein, preferentially process the available station set Θ of weights maximum
I, j+1={ k| λ
I, j+1, k=max λ
I, j+1, k, the station set of conflict time minimum
Distribute heat to count the station set P of minimum
I, j+1={ k|q
J+1, k(x
I, j+1)=minq
J+1, k(x
I, j+1), Rand (P
I, j+1) represent from P
I, j+1Select an operation station in the set at random.
Rule 1 in the described step 7: allow preceding wait of heat i ' operation finish tight preceding operation heat i, adjust the heat i ' beginning activity duration, make it equal the end activity duration of heat i to this station;
Rule 2: according to manufacturing technique requirent, prolong heat i stand-by period before the operation on the station and on the haulage time between this station and this station before tight, the beginning activity duration of heat in the plan for adjustment, making it begin activity duration and target, to begin activity duration difference t (be x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j) minimum, and do not influence the calculated operation heat of layout;
Rule 3: according to manufacturing technique requirent, in the reasonable time setting range, shorten heat i stand-by period before the operation on the haulage time between activity duration, tight preceding station and this station and this station on the station before tight, the beginning activity duration of heat in the plan for adjustment, making its target begin the activity duration (is x ' with beginning activity duration difference t '
I ', j-x
I ', j, k) minimum, and do not influence the calculated operation heat of layout.
Described steel-making continuous casting producing process flow network underlying object model, be on the basis of analyzing steel-making continuous casting producing process flow process and production organization mode, with Object-oriented Technique, production station, production process and product in the technological process of production characteristic separately of processing route between station is encapsulated, be abstracted into station, operation, supply line in the graphical interfaces, and be basic modeling element with them, foundation can characterize each station, operation and processing technology path logical relation and the technological process of production network model of attribute separately.
Before production schedules and scheduling scheme formulation, to analyze the historical production data of application steel mill earlier, count each steel grade on each operation process time, each steel grade in the Parameters of Normal Distribution of inter process haulage time, as average, variance, minimum value, maximal value, for follow-up production schedule establishment provides true and reliable basic data.
Beginning duration of pouring of each conticaster is by for example intelligent search such as genetic algorithm, ant group algorithm algorithm or manually be provided with definite, to be considered as the delivery date of subsequent production production plan establishment by the beginning of each heat of " connect and water " constraint calculating gained the duration of pouring again, beginning at each heat of planning gained should be dwindled with the deviation at delivery date the duration of pouring as far as possible, realizes that with the production schedules of guaranteeing to work out production is watered by the company of each heat on the same conticaster.
Retrodict gained each heat beginning activity duration on each operation as the reference target time point of planning based on operation beginning duration of pouring of each heat, and the beginning activity duration of each heat on each station needs adjust and determine with reference to this time in the planning.
In the described time parallel forwards method, current flow chart j forwards calculates each heat after the beginning activity duration on the tight back operation j, do not select processing stations to heat immediately, and only according to production procedure network bottom layer object model, follow-up station and heat production technology route matching by the current operation station of heat, determine the available station set on tight back operation j, and store in the predistribution processing tasks set of operation.Have only when operation operation j (after j＜M) goes up all heats and finish aforesaid operations, just be the suitable processing stations of all heats distribution on the back operation (j+1) of current operation j.
The present invention is on the basis of analyzing steel-making continuous casting producing process flow process and production organization mode, foundation is basic modeling element with station, operation, supply line, characterize the steel-making continuous casting producing process flow network underlying object model of producing station, production process and product processing route logical relation between station in the actual production, adopt following steps to work out steel-making continuous casting production schedules and scheduling scheme again.Concrete technical scheme design procedure is as follows:
Step 1 reads technological process of production network bottom layer object model, receive the steel-making continuous casting Production Lot Planning, be the casting plan and the heat plan of STEELMAKING PRODUCTION, read burn time related in the works processing steel grade on each operation process time and in the Parameters of Normal Distribution of each inter process haulage time;
Step 2 is opened and is watered time search: by each searching algorithm search or by opening the time of watering of each conticaster manually is set;
Step 3 connects waters calculating
By opening the time of watering of each conticaster, with " connect and water principle ", by the beginning activity duration x of heat i on continuous casting working procedure k# conticaster
I, M, k, average duration of pouring t
I, M, kAnd with the back one heat i ' time interval σ that begins to pour into a mould
I, M, k, through type (1) calculates the beginning x duration of pouring of heat i '
I ', M, k, Using such method calculate each heat on conticaster beginning and finish the duration of pouring, this time is considered as delivery date;
x
i′，M，k＝x
i，M，k+t
i，M，k+σ
i，M，k (1)
Step 4 is based on the activity time calculating of retrodicting
According to the beginning duration of pouring of each heat on conticaster, retrodict based on activity time, calculate the target of each heat on each operation respectively by formula (2)～formula (4) and begin the activity duration
The early start activity duration
Begin the activity duration the latest
To instruct the selection of process time and the inter process haulage time on operation of each heat in the time parallel forwards.X ' in the formula
I, jFor the target of heat i on operation j begins the activity duration;
Be respectively heat i in operation
On activity duration, the shortest activity duration, the longest activity duration;
Be respectively heat operation j with tight before operation
Haulage time, the shortest haulage time, the longest haulage time.
Step 5 is along technological process of production time forwards
Beginning the activity duration with the target of formula (2) calculating each heat of gained on steel making working procedure serves as that molten steel enters the rhythm of steel making working procedure when planning to work out, and along production procedure, carries out the time forwards of each heat with formula (5).X in the formula
I, j, x
I, jRepresent the beginning activity duration of heat i respectively at operation j and tight back manufacturing procedure j; t
I, jBe the average operation time of heat i on operation j; (j j) is the haulage time of heat i between operation j and operation j to d; μ
I, jBe the permission stand-by period of heat i before operation j operation.
x
i，j＝x
i，j+t
i，j+d(j，j)+μ
i，j (5)
In above-mentioned adjacent inter process heat time parallel forwards method, at adjacent inter process, calculate each heat according to formula (5) after the beginning activity duration on the tight back operation j from current flow chart j forwards, do not select processing stations to heat immediately, and only according to characterizing in the production procedure between operation and station the underlying object model of logical relation mutually, follow-up station and heat production technology route matching by the current operation station of heat, determine the available station set on tight back operation j, and store in the predistribution processing tasks set of operation.When operation operation j (after j＜M) goes up all heats and finish aforesaid operations, just is the suitable processing stations of all heats distribution on the back operation (j+1) of current operation j.
The suitable processing stations of step 6 distributes
Operation (j+1) is gone up all heats from morning to night sort, adopt following station selective rule again by the beginning activity duration.Carrying out station when selecting, guarantee to satisfy: (1) each heat is assigned at most on the station in each operation and processes; (2) on the same station, after last heat such as having only to machine, could process adjacent heat back one heat; (3) stand-by period of each heat before the operation operation waited the process constraint condition in maximum allows the stand-by period scope.
Elder generation is followed successively by each heat by " arriving first processing principle earlier " and selects suitable processing stations, has a plurality of available stations can add man-hour and work as heat i, enables the maximum regular R of preferential processing weights successively
1, minimum regular R of operation conflict time
2, the balanced regular R of plant factor
3Station selective rule R at random
4Select suitable processing stations s, promptly
R
1：If|Θ
i，j+1|＝1?Then
s＝Θ
i，j+1
Else
Enable R
2
R
2：
Else
Enable R
3
R
3：If|P
i，j+1|＝1?Then
s＝P
i，j+1
Else
Enable R
4
R
4：s＝Rand(P
i，j+1)
Wherein, preferentially process the available station set Θ of weights maximum
I, j+1={ k| λ
I, j+1, k=max λ
I, j+1, k, the station set of conflict time minimum
Distribute heat to count the station set P of minimum
I, j+1={ k|q
J+1, k(x
I, j+1)=minq
J+1, k(x
I, j+1), Rand (P
I, j+1) represent from P
I, j+1Select an operation station in the set at random.
The step 7 start-stop activity duration is adjusted and determines
After previous step is selected suitable operation station,, determine the beginning and end activity duration of each heat by the time regulation rule according to the object time.Heat begins the activity duration and adjusts strategy and be mainly on the station:
The end of job time (being the pot life the earliest of station) of heat i before the beginning activity duration of heat i tightens early than this station, adopt rule 1 to adjust the beginning activity duration of heat i '; Behind heat activity duration conflict resolution, with heat i ' beginning activity duration x
I ', j, kBegin activity duration x ' with reference target
I ', jRelatively, if x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j＜0, illustrate that heat i ' just arrived flow chart before its target begins the activity duration, then adopt rule 2 to revise x
I ', j, kIf x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j＞0, illustrate that heat i ' could arrive the target station after its target begins the activity duration, need to adopt rule 3 to revise.
Rule 1: allow preceding wait of heat i ' operation finish tight preceding operation heat i, adjust the heat i ' beginning activity duration, make it equal the end activity duration of heat i to this station;
Rule 2: according to manufacturing technique requirent, prolong heat i stand-by period before the operation on the station and on the haulage time between this station and this station before tight, the beginning activity duration of heat in the plan for adjustment, making it begin activity duration and target, to begin activity duration difference t (be x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j) minimum, and do not influence the calculated operation heat of layout.；
Rule 3: according to manufacturing technique requirent, in the reasonable time setting range, shorten heat i stand-by period before the operation on the haulage time between activity duration, tight preceding station and this station and this station on the station before tight, the beginning activity duration of heat in the plan for adjustment, making its target begin the activity duration (is x ' with beginning activity duration difference t '
I ', j-x
I ', j, k) minimum, and do not influence the calculated operation heat of layout.
Step 8 is worked as all heats and selected suitable operation station on each manufacturing procedure, and has determined beginning and finished the activity duration, output steel smelting-continuous casting production schedules scheme.
Major advantage of the present invention shows:
1, can work out out an executable assurance fast and connect the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION production plan of watering, and be easy to that the intelligent search algorithm is flexible combines with genetic algorithm etc., generate production schedules and the scheduling scheme optimized;
Adjustment capability is limited and can influence deficiency such as layout operation heat when 2, having overcome in the production plan preparation method of retrodicting if having time between adjacent heat the operation conflict;
3, the present invention has considered the normal distribution law of different steel grades activity duration and inter process haulage time on each operation, and the production plan of establishment is produced with reality with scheduling scheme and more conformed to, and enforceability is stronger;
4, the method has stronger versatility and extensive applicability to STEELMAKING PRODUCTION production plan and optimizing scheduling, provides a kind of new, effective way and means for solving STEELMAKING PRODUCTION production plan and a scheduling difficult problem;
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the parallel forwards preparation method principle of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT of the present invention;
Embodiment
Further specify flesh and blood of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with example.
Embodiment 1
Set up on the production procedure network bottom layer object model basis, STEELMAKING PRODUCTION production plan time parallel forwards preparation method based on JIT, work out the steel smelting-continuous casting production schedules of N heat through corresponding station in the M procedure, the inventive method is described in detail as follows:
Step 1 initialization
Reading production procedure network bottom layer object model, batch plan, the predetermined of each conticaster opens the time of watering;
Step 2 is even watered each heat of calculating and is begun the x duration of pouring
I, M, k
According to opening the time of watering of each conticaster, connect by formula (1) and to water calculating, obtain each heat on continuous casting beginning and finish the duration of pouring;
Step 3 is retrodicted based on activity time, calculates the target of each heat on each operation and begins activity duration x '
I, j, the early start activity duration
Begin the activity duration the latest
(1) begins to be the duration of pouring zequin of retrodicting with each heat, from steel grade smelting process database, select average transportation and the process time of heat respectively at inter process
Maximum transportation and process time
Minimum transportation and process time
Calculating the target of each heat on operation by formula (2)～formula (4) begins activity duration, early start activity duration, begins the activity duration the latest;
(2) with the heat of each heat correspondence number, x '
I, j,
Deposit among the array Back (N * M * 10) etc. information;
Each heat enters the definite and suitable processing stations selection of time rhythm of system on step 4 first working procedure
(1) initialization operation counter makes j=1
(2) calculate the target of each heat on first working procedure to retrodict and begin activity duration x '
I, 1Enter the rhythm of steel making working procedure for heat; And with x '
I, 1And among the heat number adding operation task array Task
(3) the Task array is pressed x '
I, 1Ascending sort is selected suitable processing stations by " suitable processing stations distribution " method in the last joint for each heat;
(4) to each heat, make x
I, j, k=x '
I, j, and be averaged and calculate process time its end activity duration on station;
Step 5 adds the heat that operation j among the Task goes up operation among the current job task set Γ
Whether step 6 is judged current is first working procedure, if j=1 then changes step 9, otherwise changes next step
Step 7 time forwards calculate each stove among the Γ to the tight back operation j beginning and finish the activity duration, determine the optional processing stations of each heat by the station corresponding relation that the underlying object model is determined, and store in the predistribution set of tasks of operation j
(1) initialization heat counter i makes i=1;
(2) if the Γ non-NULL then continues to carry out following steps, otherwise, forward step 8 to;
(3) get heat i among the Γ, calculate its beginning activity duration x on the operation j after processing route tightens by formula (5)
I, j, and the end activity duration of calculating heat;
(4) by tight back station and its processing route coupling of underlying object model, the current operation station of heat i, determine its optional station collection Ψ at tight back operation j
I, j, and be saved in the predistribution heat set T of operation j
jIn;
(5) deletion heat i among the Γ makes i=i+1, changes 2).
Process on the suitable station that step 8 is concentrated all Task Distribution on the operation (j+1) to available station
(1) the last heat of operation (j+1) sorted from small to large by the beginning activity duration, renumberd the heat sequence number, and all heats are added temporary duty table T
J+1
(2) initialization heat counter i makes i=1;
(3) if T
J+1Nonvoid set then continues to carry out following steps, otherwise, change step 9;
(4) get T
J+1Middle heat i reads it and begins activity duration x
I, j+1And available station collection Ψ
I, j+1
(5) judge Ψ
I, j+1In available station number, if | Ψ
I, j+1|=1, then heat i is distributed to Ψ
I, j+1In the processing of unique station; Otherwise, be that heat is selected suitable processing stations by " suitable processing stations distribution " method in the last joint;
(6) make x
I, j+1, k=x
I, j+1, from T
J+1Middle deletion heat i makes i=i+1, changes (3)
Step 9 is determined beginning and the end activity duration of each heat on operation (j+1) according to " heat begins activity duration adjustment strategy on the station " in the last joint
Step 10 judges whether operation j+1 is the extreme trace operation of planning.If j+1＜M then makes j=j+1, change step 5, otherwise, change next step
The production schedules scheme of step 11 output establishment.
Claims (8)
1. one kind based on the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time of JIT, it is characterized in that: according to steel-making continuous casting producing process flow process and production organization mode, foundation is with station, operation, supply line is that fundamental element characterizes station in the actual production, the steel-making continuous casting producing process flow network underlying object model of operation and product processing technique route, considering on each steel grade activity duration and the haulage time normal distribution law basis, to be considered as delivery date the duration of pouring by the beginning that each heat of gained is calculated in " connect water " constraint, beginning duration of pouring of each heat is based on the operation reference target time point of the beginning activity duration of each heat of gained on each operation as planning of retrodicting, the beginning that calculates each heat by the time parallel forwards with finish the activity duration after, distribute suitable processing stations by the station selective rule for each heat, refer again to the reference target time adjust and determine each heat on the corresponding station of each operation beginning and finish the activity duration, to guarantee that each heat can be poured into a mould on time is punctual delivery, work out out fast can hold and realize to connect and to water the production plan and the scheduling scheme of production, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: read technological process of production network bottom layer object model, receive the steel-making continuous casting Production Lot Planning, be the casting plan and the heat plan of STEELMAKING PRODUCTION, read burn time related in the works processing steel grade on each operation process time and in the Parameters of Normal Distribution of each inter process haulage time;
Step 2: open and water time search: by each searching algorithm search or by opening the time of watering of each conticaster manually is set;
Step 3: connect and water calculating,
By opening the time of watering of each conticaster, with " connect and water principle ", by the beginning activity duration x of heat i on continuous casting working procedure k# conticaster
I, M, k, average duration of pouring t
I, M, kAnd with the back one heat i ' time interval σ that begins to pour into a mould
I, M, k, through type (1) calculates the beginning x duration of pouring of heat i '
I ', M, k, Using such method calculate each heat on conticaster beginning and finish the duration of pouring, this time is considered as delivery date;
x
i′，M，k＝x
i，M，k+t
i，M，k+σ
i，M，k (1)
Step 4: based on the activity time calculating of retrodicting,
According to the beginning duration of pouring of each heat on conticaster, retrodict based on activity time, calculate the target of each heat on each operation respectively by formula (2)～formula (4) and begin the activity duration
The early start activity duration
Begin the activity duration the latest
To instruct the selection of process time and the inter process haulage time on operation of each heat in the time parallel forwards, x ' in the formula
I, jFor the target of heat i on operation j begins the activity duration;
Be respectively heat i in operation
On activity duration, the shortest activity duration, the longest activity duration;
Be respectively heat operation j with tight before operation
Haulage time, the shortest haulage time, the longest haulage time,
Step 5: along technological process of production time forwards,
With formula (2) calculate the target of each heat of gained on steel making working procedure begin the activity duration when serve as the plan formulation molten steel enter the rhythm of steel making working procedure, and along production procedure, carry out the time forwards of each heat, x in the formula with formula (5)
I, j, x
I, jRepresent the beginning activity duration of heat i respectively at operation j and tight back manufacturing procedure j; t
I, jBe the average operation time of heat i on operation j; (j j) is the haulage time of heat i between operation j and operation j to d; μ
I, jBe the permission stand-by period of heat i before operation j operation,
x
i，j＝x
i，j+t
i，j+d(j，
j)+μ
i，j (5)
In above-mentioned adjacent inter process heat time parallel forwards method, at adjacent inter process, calculate each heat according to formula (5) after the beginning activity duration on the tight back operation j from current flow chart j forwards, do not select processing stations to heat immediately, and only according to characterizing in the production procedure between operation and station the underlying object model of logical relation mutually, follow-up station and heat production technology route matching by the current operation station of heat, determine the available station set on tight back operation j, and store in the predistribution processing tasks set of operation.When operation operation j (after j＜M) goes up all heats and finish aforesaid operations, just is the suitable processing stations of all heats distribution on the back operation (j+1) of current operation j.
Step 6: suitable processing stations distributes,
Operation (j+1) is gone up all heats from morning to night sort, adopt the station selective rule to select suitable processing stations again by the beginning activity duration.Carry out station and divide timing, the constraint that should satisfy mainly contains: (1) each heat is assigned at most on the station in each operation and processes; (2) on the same station, after last heat such as having only to machine, could process adjacent heat back one heat;
(3) stand-by period of each heat before the operation operation waited the process constraint condition in maximum allows the stand-by period scope.
Step 7: the start-stop activity duration is adjusted and determines, after previous step is selected suitable operation station, according to the object time, the beginning of determining each heat by the time regulation rule with finish the activity duration, heat begins the activity duration and adjusts strategy and be on the station:
The end of job time (being the pot life the earliest of station) of heat i before the beginning activity duration of heat i tightens early than this station, adopt rule 1 to adjust the beginning activity duration of heat i '; Behind heat activity duration conflict resolution, with heat i ' beginning activity duration x
I ', j, kBegin activity duration x ' with reference target
I ', jRelatively, if x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j＜0, illustrate that heat i ' just arrived flow chart before its target begins the activity duration, then adopt rule 2 to revise x
I ', j, kIf x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j＞0, illustrate that heat i ' could arrive the target station after its target begins the activity duration, need to adopt rule 3 to revise;
Step 8: when all heats have been selected suitable operation station on each manufacturing procedure, and determined beginning and finished the activity duration, output steel smelting-continuous casting production schedules scheme.
2. the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the suitable processing stations of described step 6 divides timing, be followed successively by each heat by " arriving first processing principle earlier " earlier and select suitable processing stations, there are a plurality of available stations can add man-hour and work as heat i, enable the maximum regular R of preferential processing weights successively
1, minimum regular R of operation conflict time
2, the balanced regular R of plant factor
3Station selective rule R at random
4Select suitable processing stations s, promptly
R
1：If|Θ
i，j+1|＝1?Then
s＝Θ
i，j+1
Else
Enable R
2
R
2：
Else
Enable R
3
R
3：If|P
i，j+1|＝1?Then
s＝P
i，j+1
Else
Enable R
4
R
4：s＝Rand(P
i，j+1)
Wherein, preferentially process the available station set Θ of weights maximum
I, j+1={ k| λ
I, j+1, k=max λ
I, j+1, k, the station set of conflict time minimum
Distribute heat to count the station set P of minimum
I, j+1={ k|q
J+1, k(x
I, j+1)=minq
J+1, k(x
I, j+1), Rand (P
I, j+1) represent from P
I, j+1Select an operation station in the set at random.
3. the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rule 1 in the described step 7: allow the preceding wait of heat i ' operation to this station finish tight preceding operation heat i, adjust the heat i ' beginning activity duration, make it equal the end activity duration of heat i;
Rule 2: according to manufacturing technique requirent, prolong heat i stand-by period before the operation on the station and on the haulage time between this station and this station before tight, the beginning activity duration of heat in the plan for adjustment, making it begin activity duration and target, to begin activity duration difference t (be x
I ', j, k-x '
I ', j) minimum, and do not influence the calculated operation heat of layout;
Rule 3: according to manufacturing technique requirent, in the reasonable time setting range, shorten heat i stand-by period before the operation on the haulage time between activity duration, tight preceding station and this station and this station on the station before tight, the beginning activity duration of heat in the plan for adjustment, making its target begin the activity duration (is x ' with beginning activity duration difference t '
I ', j-x
I ', j, k) minimum, and do not influence the calculated operation heat of layout.
4. the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described steel-making continuous casting producing process flow network underlying object model, be on the basis of analyzing steel-making continuous casting producing process flow process and production organization mode, with Object-oriented Technique, to the production station in the technological process of production, production process and the product characteristic separately of processing route between station encapsulates, be abstracted into the station in the graphical interfaces, operation, supply line, and be basic modeling element with them, foundation can characterize each station, operation and processing technology path logical relation and the technological process of production network model of attribute separately.
5. the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: before production schedules and scheduling scheme formulation, to analyze the historical production data of application steel mill earlier, count each steel grade on each operation process time, each steel grade in the Parameters of Normal Distribution of inter process haulage time, as average, variance, minimum value, maximal value, for follow-up production schedule establishment provides true and reliable basic data.
6. the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: beginning duration of pouring of each conticaster is by for example genetic algorithm, intelligent search algorithms such as ant group algorithm or manually be provided with definite, to be considered as the delivery date of subsequent production production plan establishment by the beginning of each heat of " connect and water " constraint calculating gained the duration of pouring again, beginning at each heat of planning gained should be dwindled with the deviation at delivery date the duration of pouring as far as possible, realizes that with the production schedules of guaranteeing to work out production is watered by the company of each heat on the same conticaster.
7. the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: retrodict gained each heat beginning activity duration on each operation as the reference target time point of planning based on operation beginning duration of pouring of each heat, and the beginning activity duration of each heat on each station needs adjust and determine with reference to this time in the planning.
8. the parallel forwards preparation method of the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION planned time based on JIT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described time parallel forwards method, current flow chart j forwards calculates each heat after the beginning activity duration on the tight back operation j, do not select processing stations to heat immediately, and only according to production procedure network bottom layer object model, follow-up station and heat production technology route matching by the current operation station of heat, determine the available station set on tight back operation j, and store in the predistribution processing tasks set of operation.Have only when operation operation j (after j＜M) goes up all heats and finish aforesaid operations, just be the suitable processing stations of all heats distribution on the back operation (j+1) of current operation j.
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