CN101938130B - High voltage filter and dynamic reactive power compensation control system combining PPF with TSC and control method thereof - Google Patents
High voltage filter and dynamic reactive power compensation control system combining PPF with TSC and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high voltage filter and dynamic reactive power compensation control system combining a PPF with a TSC and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of power electronics. The invention solves the problems that a traditional independent PPF technology has reactive power compensation reactive power over compensation, and an independent TSC technology adopts classification switching and is not adapted to reactive power continuous variation of a power grid. In a device thereof, a passive filtering unit and a reactive power dynamic compensation unit are in parallel connected between the input end and the load end of the power grid, a signal conditioning circuit is used for detecting three-phase current and voltage signals of the power grid, the output end of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the input end of a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) and CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) control circuit, the output end of the DSP and CPLD control circuit is connected with a level conversion circuit, and the output end of the level conversion circuit is connected with a control signal input end of the reactive power dynamic compensation unit. In the method, a reactive power compensation capacitor is controlled to be thrown into the power grid according to the position of obtained power grid parameters in a space nine zone. The invention is used for reactive power compensation of the power grid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hv filtering and dynamic passive compensation control system and control method thereof that a kind of PPF combines with TSC, belong to electric and electronic technical field.
Background technology
Realizing safe and reliable, economical and practical LC parameter selection, is the original intention of passive filter PPF design.Because during the electrical network actual motion; Mains frequency, impedance all have perturbation in various degree; If make PPF demonstrate capacitive (non-first-harmonic condition) under a certain parameter perturbation conditions, then be that PPF and electrical network reactance have produced parallel resonance most probably, cause harmonic current seriously to amplify; Parallel resonance can cause filtering channel to burn, and is serious even can cause whole filter self to be difficult to switching.Because one is fixing switching passive filter PPF, when load is low, there is the possibility of no merits and demerits benefit.Therefore how to make PPF have the idle effect of dynamic compensation under the filtering condition and become one of emphasis that technology for this reason further develops satisfying.
Thyristor switchable capacitor TSC can realize the idle dynamic compensation that carries out to electrical network, but the mode of its classification switching can't adapt to idle continually varying situation; And when containing harmonic wave in the electrical network, in order to prevent TSC and electrical network generation resonance, also need in the TSC capacitive branch, seal in smoothing reactor, this can make the cost of device increase, and has reduced the capacity of reactive power compensation; Therefore what how to make the TSC compensation idlely farthest approaches continuous variation, reduces reactance Rate, increases reactive compensation capacity, makes the TSC mixing arrangement have another emphasis that filter function becomes technical development for this reason simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to exist no merits and demerits to mend in order to solve existing independent PPF technology; And independent TSC technology adopts the classification switching; Incompatibility electric network reactive-load continually varying problem, and the hv filtering and dynamic passive compensation control system and the control method thereof that provide a kind of PPF to combine with TSC.
Hv filtering that a kind of PPF according to the invention combines with TSC and dynamic passive compensation control system, it comprises passive filtering unit, reactive-load dynamic compensation unit, signal conditioning circuit, DSP and CPLD control circuit and level shifting circuit,
Passive filtering unit and reactive-load dynamic compensation unit are connected in parallel between electrical network input and the load end; Signal conditioning circuit is used for the three-phase current signal and the three-phase voltage signal of input of detection of grid; The voltage and current signal output part of signal conditioning circuit connects the voltage and current signal input part of DSP and CPLD control circuit; DSP is connected the input of level shifting circuit with the pwm control signal output of CPLD control circuit, the output of level shifting circuit connects the signal input end of reactive-load dynamic compensation unit.
Hv filtering and the dynamic reactive compensation control method that combines with TSC based on the PPF of said apparatus according to the invention, its control method is:
Signal conditioning circuit is exported to DSP and CPLD control circuit after the three-phase transient current value of the electrical network that collects and three-phase instantaneous voltage value are nursed one's health;
DSP and CPLD control circuit calculate fundamental voltage, fundamental current, harmonic voltage, harmonic current, active power, reactive power and the power factor that obtains electrical network according to electric current that receives and voltage signal; And carry out first-harmonic and Harmonics Calculation, and need to confirm the idle amount of compensation according to instantaneous reactive power theory;
DSP and CPLD control circuit are according to the idle amount of said needs compensation; On the basis of nine territory figure, increase the space longitudinal axis vector of expression harmonic component, form nine territories, space; According to the position of electrical network parameter in nine territories, said space that obtains, the principle that control reactive power compensation electric capacity drops into electrical network is:
Parameter is in area 0, and power system reactive power and voltage are all qualified, do not regulate;
Parameter is in zone 1: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is got over lower limit, throws the capacitor group; When the capacitor group all drops into, send out the instruction of boosting; When on load tap changer is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing;
Parameter is in zone 2: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is qualified, throws the capacitor group;
Parameter is in zone 3: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out the step-down instruction; When loaded switch is in the lower position, sends out and cut the instruction of capacitor group by force;
Parameter is in zone 4: power system reactive power is qualified, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out the step-down instruction; When loaded switch is in the lower position, sends out and cut the instruction of capacitor group by force;
Parameter is in zone 5: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out and cuts the instruction of capacitor group; When capacitor group complete resection, send out the step-down instruction;
Parameter is in zone 6: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is qualified, sends out and cuts the instruction of capacitor group;
Parameter is in zone 7: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is got over lower limit, sends out the instruction of boosting; When loaded switch is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing;
Parameter is in zone 8: power system reactive power is qualified, and line voltage is got over lower limit, sends out the instruction of boosting; When loaded switch is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention is applicable to that harmonic waves such as steel mill's arc furnace, mining industry elevator and tunnel fan frequency converter are big, load terminal voltage frequent fluctuation, or idle fast-changing occasion on a large scale.Its most of harmonic wave in can the filtering electrical network, and effectively improve the electrical network terminal voltage, guarantee that simultaneously power consumption equipment moves under good operating mode, increased substantially the power supply quality of electrical network, can bring remarkable economic efficiency.
The cost of apparatus of the present invention is lower than the SVC (Static Var Compensator) and the HAPF (Hybrid Active Power Filter) of equal capacity, and power or electric pressure are far above single APF (Active Power Filter), SVG (Static Var Generator) technology.
The present invention effectively combines hv filtering and dynamic passive compensation technology, is applicable to electrical networks at different levels below the 35kV.It can be according to actual measurement harmonic wave and idle; Based on fork and chaology design PPF and TSC parameter; And then avoid producing parallel resonance between PPF, TSC and electrical network reactance, effectively reduce the reactive compensation capacity of TSC smoothing reactor capacity, reduction design cost, raising package unit; The present invention is guaranteeing that mains by harmonics satisfies under the national GB/T-14549-93 standard prerequisite, has realized being association of activity and inertia of PPF and TSC usefulness.The present invention makes single PPF filtering channel can take into account the filtering work of adjacent order harmonic wave through parameter designing and topological structure optimization, and the merits and demerits benefit can not appear not having in its fundamental wave reactive power compensation capacity under the minimum situation of network load.TSC with compensation capacity according to 2
N-1, n=1,2; ..., N is encoded to principle and is divided into M group (N≤M) parallel connection inserts electrical network; Design simultaneously based on the PPF harmonic analysis, has realized the dynamic switching of TSC compensation channels based on the theoretical controller of instantaneous reactive; It can guarantee under the highest situation of load, power factor of electric network to be reached more than 0.95.Because the filter function of PPF among the present invention, it can be reduced to the reactance Rate among the TSC below 5%, under the prerequisite of having guaranteed high-performance filtering and dynamic passive compensation, effectively reduces cost thus.Through fork and chaos controlling algorithm development based on the perturbation of electrical network reactance and frequency, make PPF+TSC under the violent situation of the fluctuation of load, have good stable property, effectively suppress surge current and voltage flicker, guarantee the safe and stable operation of grid-connected system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a reactive power compensation design polar plot of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the calculation of parameter flow chart of filtering algorithm software in the control method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: this execution mode is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 2; Hv filtering that the said PPF of this execution mode combines with TSC and dynamic passive compensation control system comprise passive filtering unit 1, reactive-load dynamic compensation unit 2, signal conditioning circuit 3, DSP and CPLD control circuit 4 and level shifting circuit 5
Passive filtering unit 1 and reactive-load dynamic compensation unit 2 are connected in parallel between electrical network input and the load end; Signal conditioning circuit 3 is used for the three-phase current signal and the three-phase voltage signal of input of detection of grid; The voltage and current signal output part of signal conditioning circuit 3 connects the voltage and current signal input part of DSP and CPLD control circuit 4; DSP is connected the input of level shifting circuit 5 with the pwm control signal output of CPLD control circuit 4, the output of level shifting circuit 5 connects the signal input end of reactive-load dynamic compensation unit 2.
Embodiment two: this execution mode is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2; This execution mode is further specifying execution mode one; Said passive filtering unit 1 is made up of three star branch roads; Article three, star branch road Y-connection, every star is propped up route circuit breaker 1-1, fuse 1-2, filter reactor 1-3 and two filtering capacitor 1-4 and is formed
Circuit breaker 1-1, fuse 1-2, filter reactor 1-3 and two filtering capacitor 1-4 in every star branch road connect successively.Other composition and annexation are identical with execution mode one.
Embodiment three: this execution mode is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2; This execution mode is further specifying execution mode one; Said reactive-load dynamic compensation unit 2 is made up of M group thyristor switchable capacitor TSC, and the compensation capacity of M group thyristor switchable capacitor TSC is according to 2
N-1Coded system is divided into groups, n=1, and 2 ..., N, wherein M is the integer greater than 1, N≤M, M group thyristor switchable capacitor TSC all parallel connection inserts electrical network,
Every group of thyristor switchable capacitor TSC is made up of three dihedral branch roads, and three dihedral branch road dihedrals connect, and thyristor and capacitor that every dihedral props up route inductance coil, two reverse parallel connections are composed in series successively.Other composition and annexation are identical with execution mode one.
Embodiment four: this execution mode is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2; This execution mode is with the difference of execution mode two; This control system also comprises warning circuit 6; Said warning circuit 6 is made up of three alarm relay k, three groups of instrument transformer 6-3, voice guard 6-1, light crossing-signal 6-2 and second relay k2
Every group of instrument transformer 6-3 is made up of two instrument transformers; The primary coil of these two instrument transformers respectively with a star branch road in two filtering capacitor 1-4 be connected in parallel; The secondary coil anti-phase of said two instrument transformers series connection back, form the loop with the control coil of an alarm relay k
The normally opened contact of the normally opened contact of three alarm relay k and the second relay k2 is parallel with one another; Be in series in the working power loop that is connected voice guard 6-1 with the control coil of the second relay k2 then, said voice guard 6-1 and light crossing-signal 6-2 are connected in parallel.Other composition and annexation are identical with execution mode two.
Embodiment five: this execution mode is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2; The difference of any one execution mode is in this execution mode and the execution mode one to four; It also comprises liquid crystal display circuit 8, and the shows signal input of liquid crystal display circuit 8 connects the shows signal output of DSP and CPLD control circuit 4.Other composition and annexation are identical with execution mode one, two, three or four.
Embodiment six: this execution mode is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2; The difference of any one execution mode is in this execution mode and the execution mode one to four; It also comprises industrial computer monitoring unit 7, and the pilot signal input of industrial computer monitoring unit 7 connects the shows signal output of DSP and CPLD control circuit 4.Other composition and annexation are identical with execution mode one, two, three or four.
Embodiment seven: below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 this execution mode is described, this execution mode is a kind of hv filtering that combines with TSC based on execution mode one described PPF and the control method of dynamic passive compensation control system, and its control method is:
Signal conditioning circuit 3 is exported to DSP and CPLD control circuit 4 after the three-phase transient current value of the electrical network that collects and three-phase instantaneous voltage value are nursed one's health;
DSP and CPLD control circuit 4 calculate fundamental voltage, fundamental current, harmonic voltage, harmonic current, active power, reactive power and the power factor that obtains electrical network according to electric current that receives and voltage signal; And carry out first-harmonic and Harmonics Calculation, and need to confirm the idle amount of compensation according to instantaneous reactive power theory;
DSP and CPLD control circuit 4 are according to the idle amount of said needs compensation; On the basis of nine territory figure, increase the space longitudinal axis vector of expression harmonic component, form nine territories, space; According to the position of electrical network parameter in nine territories, said space that obtains, the principle that control reactive power compensation electric capacity drops into electrical network is:
Parameter is in area 0, and power system reactive power and voltage are all qualified, do not regulate;
Parameter is in zone 1: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is got over lower limit, throws the capacitor group; When the capacitor group all drops into, send out the instruction of boosting; When on load tap changer is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing;
Parameter is in zone 2: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is qualified, throws the capacitor group;
Parameter is in zone 3: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out the step-down instruction; When loaded switch is in the lower position, sends out and cut the instruction of capacitor group by force;
Parameter is in zone 4: power system reactive power is qualified, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out the step-down instruction; When loaded switch is in the lower position, sends out and cut the instruction of capacitor group by force;
Parameter is in zone 5: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out and cuts the instruction of capacitor group; When capacitor group complete resection, send out the step-down instruction;
Parameter is in zone 6: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is qualified, sends out and cuts the instruction of capacitor group;
Parameter is in zone 7: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is got over lower limit, sends out the instruction of boosting; When loaded switch is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing;
Parameter is in zone 8: power system reactive power is qualified, and line voltage is got over lower limit, sends out the instruction of boosting; When loaded switch is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing.
In the said dynamic reactive compensation control method of this execution mode:
Three-phase transient current value and three-phase instantaneous voltage value that signal conditioning circuit 3 is gathered the electrical network that obtains all are the signals of mv, and the signal of this mv obtains the voltage signal of 0-3.3V after signal conditioning circuit 3 amplifies, and then sends to DSP and CPLD control circuit 4.
DSP and CPLD control circuit 4 carry out the voltage signal of the 0-3.3V that receives to calculate each electrical parameter of electrical network after mould/number conversion.
The process that DSP and CPLD control circuit 4 control reactive-load dynamic compensation unit 2 are thrown/cut is: DSP and CPLD control circuit 4 send 3.3 volts voltage signal in the moment of voltage over zero and give level shifting circuit 5, and 3.3 volts the voltage that this level shifting circuit 5 will receive believes that lifting is the throwing/cut of 12 volts voltage signal driving reactive-load dynamic compensation unit 2 realization capacitors.
Present invention includes PPF filtering and static reactive power compensation part and TSC dynamic passive compensation part, this harmonic wave suppresses and the dynamic passive compensation technology, and the high-power filtering of PPF is mutually comprehensive with the TSC dynamic compensation technology, has following characteristics:
One, idle with the PPF static compensation is main, and idle with the TSC dynamic compensation is auxilliary, based on sign computation, and the Maple algorithm software of development and Design filtering and compensating parameter, concrete computational methods are as shown in Figure 3, and various parameters can calculate through following method among Fig. 3:
Bus power factor λ
1 
Wherein t2 is the voltage zero-cross moment, and t1 is the current over-zero moment, and unit is a millisecond;
The expectation power factor of setting electrical network is λ
2, calculate required compensating reactive power
Q
LmaxFor system's maximum idle;
Confirm PPF fundamental wave reactive power compensation capacity Q according to the actual measurement harmonic current
PPF: according to the minimum idle Q of system
Lmin, Q
PPF≤Q
LminThe not having merits and demerits benefit not occur is foundation;
According to PPF fundamental wave reactive power compensation capacity Q
PPFConfirm TSC fundamental wave reactive power compensation capacity Q
TSC: Q
TSC=Q
C-Q
PPF
According to classical Harmonics Calculation PPF filtering and TSC compensation channels parameter value, in PPF,
Among the TSC,
Carry out system reactance L
SThe anti-perturbation analysis that reaches mains frequency f guarantees the stability of a system;
Guarantee PPF and TSC the combination switching after not with system's generation resonant parameter value; Carry out the resonance prediction according to dynamics simulation, avoid resonance point.
Two, can to adopt with 75451 be that the circuit of core is realized to level shifting circuit 5, and it is 12 volts level signals that 3.3 volts pwm signals of input are carried out level conversion, the dynamic switching of driving respective sets thyristor switchable capacitor TSC realization TSC compensation channels.
After control loop obtained sampling voltage and the sample rate current of 0-3.3 volt in the inventive method, DSP carried out instantaneous reactive power theory to sampled voltage and sample rate current and calculates, and confirms the idle amount that need compensate; Calculate the gained voltage over zero according to CPLD, DSP sends 3.3 volts voltage signal, and these signal warp 75451 level shifting circuit liftings are that 12 volts voltage signal is used for driving the TSC thyristor switch, and reactive power compensation electric capacity is dropped into electrical network.CPLD through bus communication with DSP calculate gained fundamental voltage, fundamental current, harmonic voltage, harmonic current, meritorious, idle, power factor, filtering channel drops into number and capacity all is presented on the liquid crystal display screen, as friendly man-machine interface; Simultaneously can carry out the TSC system parameter setting, make controller satisfy the needs of different reactive power compensation background controls through liquid crystal display screen.
Three, based on appearance value and loss angle tangent the filtering capacitor group is carried out the parameter optimization combination, the three-phase reactive balance can not influence system's electrical network three-phase equilibrium; The single tuning filtering channel is taken into account the filtering effect of other subharmonic simultaneously;
Four, it is tuning to carry out the LC resonance point through adjustment reactor induction reactance value, and three-phase filtering channel resonance frequency balance plays good filtering and the effect that suppresses surge current, voltage flicker;
Five, based on electrical network reactance L
SAnd the parameter of mains frequency f perturbation optimization filter reactor parameter, can adjust the LC resonance point within the specific limits; Guarantee that mains by harmonics satisfies national GB/T-14549-93 standard;
Six, the filtering capacitor group is carried out parameter optimization, guarantee the three-phase reactive balance, improve system's operation stability; Control TSC dynamic compensation reaches more than 0.95 power factor on the quiet benefit of PPF basis;
Seven, be leading indicator to satisfy the stability of a system, through parameter perturbation analysis and simulation and prediction design parameter, the current distortion rate of guaranteeing electrical networks at different levels below the 35kV is less than 8%, and the voltage distortion rate is less than 4%;
Eight, adopt Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier switching compensation capacitors, the response time is less than 20ms;
Nine, TSC satisfies the 8:4:2:1 coding requirement, and the transition switching compensates staircase waveform and distorts low successively;
Ten, based on parameter perturbation analysis design PPF and TSC parameter; The fork of prediction unit switching and chaotic characteristic and filtering and compensation effect; The fork of prediction unit switching and chaotic characteristic and filtering and compensation effect, guarantee PPF, TSC not with electrical network generation parallel resonance;
11, the variation of idle, the harmonic current of monitoring load and system's working voltage in real time; The reactance Rate of TSC can drop to below 5%, effectively improves the dynamic passive compensation capacity, reduces design cost;
12,, harmonic wave burst variable impact load violent for idle variation plays increase-volume, voltage stabilizing and energy-saving effect; Effectively reduce harmonic loss, improve the useful life and the performance of equipment;
13, TSC can compensate idle that PPF owes to mend, and PPF can effectively suppress the impact that TSC switching moment produces electrical network.
Technology of the present invention can satisfy the needs of Harmonious Waves in Power Systems inhibition at different levels below the idle fast-changing 35kV and reactive power compensation; Effectively improve the electrical network terminal voltage; Guarantee that power consumption equipment provides high-quality electricity consumption, improve the application performance and the useful life of equipment, the energy-saving and cost-reducing requirement of response country.
The present invention is according to the operating characteristic of reactive load in passive filter PPF and thyristor switchable capacitor TSC characteristics and the electrical network separately; Provide a kind of load to contain reactive compensation system and control technology thereof under the harmonic current environment; The each harmonic electric current of its ability filtering load generating; Suppress PPF and TSC and phylogenetic parallel resonance, and the idle approximate continuous of carrying out of system is compensated, a kind of good wave filtering effect is provided, can have realized the reactive power compensation scheme of dynamic compensation.
The present invention is according to actual measurement harmonic wave design PPF filtering channel; Its PPF comprises that mainly the LC resonance point is 5 single tuning filtering channels of 250Hz; Based on dynamics simulation prediction carrying out PPF topological analysis and parameter optimization design; Through the debugging of perception district resonance point, take into account the filter function of the adjacent harmonic wave of other time and how to analyze and optimal design, and guarantee that merits and demerits can not occur not having mends; Because the reactive compensation capacity that TSC shares is lower, and adopt the 8:4:2:1 coding, so the idle ladder difference of compensation is less, approximate continuous compensation in certain error range.
When load behavior changed, at first by PPF filtering and fixedly reactive power compensation, if power factor does not reach designing requirement, then the TSC controller detected based on instantaneous reactive power, and decision TSC automatically carries out the classification reactive power compensation; Because the harmonic wave major part flow into the PPF filtering channel, be reduced to minimum so the possibility of LC resonance takes place TSC, one can reduce to 5% with the reactance Rate of TSC, can reduce to 3% under the special harmonic condition, thereby can reduce the design cost of TSC greatly.
The theoretical procedure of control method according to the invention is:
Step 1: the idle vector according to shown in Figure 1 calculates; Obtain the maximum and the minimum value of idle variation; Confirm the resonance point and the reactive compensation capacity of PPF filtering channel, provide maximum reactive compensation capacity of TSC and compensation channels number, the Maple software for calculation of development and Design filtering and compensating parameter;
Step 2: provide the filter capacitor parameter designing algorithm that is applicable to that each electric pressure requires below the 35kV, optimize the PPF topological structure,, confirm filter capacitor and filter reactor parameter in conjunction with classical fork and chaotic dynamics parameter designing;
Step 3: to guarantee that three-phase filtering channel resonance point balance, inhibition surge current and voltage flicker are starting point, optimize filter LC parameter, guarantee that each time mains by harmonics satisfies national GB/T-14549-93 standard; The possibility that no merits and demerits benefit electrical network behind the PPF switching occurred is reduced to minimum;
Step 4: discharge coil differential pressure guard signal combines with relay control, and spray is protected the formation closed loop automatically by outer fuse faulty indication of formula and circuit breaker, is applicable to the automatic excision control of PPF under the inviolent electrical network operating mode of idle variation;
Step 5: for the violent electrical network operating mode of idle variation, PPF capacitor protection and the open loop of relay acoustooptic alarm system can be monitored the fault message of hyperbaric chamber filter in the control room, effectively improve the security reliability of PPF system;
Step 6: design is controlled thyristor valve group switching compensation capacitors based on the TSC controller of instantaneous reactive power theory, and the response time is less than 20ms; TSC encodes according to 8:4:2:1, realizes the fine setting compensation with respect to PPF, farthest reduces idle ladder aberration rate, approaches idle continuous adjustment effect;
Step 7: according to actual measurement harmonic current and system's working voltage, calculate the reactance Rate of TSC, one can reduce to 5% from normal 6%, minimumly reduces to 3%, therefore can effectively improve the dynamic passive compensation capacity, reduce design cost;
Step 8: the PPF+TSC device is carried out parameter optimization and simulating, verifying, guarantee three-phase resonance point and reactive balance, improve system's operation stability; With mains by harmonics satisfy that national GB/T-14549-93 standard, power factor of electric network reach more than 0.95, current distortion rate less than 8%, the voltage distortion rate is parameter checking criterion less than 4%;
Step 9: when the idle continuous variation of load; Detect correspondent voltage, current instantaneous value, utilize the instantaneous reactive Theoretical Calculation to go out the reactive capability of the required compensation of system, take into account the parallel resonance analysis of TSC, PPF and electrical network reactance; Confirm the switching combination of TSC, and accomplish the automatic switching of TSC;
Step 10: hardware circuit design such as ability are got in design to the level shifting circuit of 12V, liquid crystal display circuit, high pressure TSC high-end based on control circuit, CT and the PT signal conditioning circuit of DSP2812 and CPLD EPM7128,3.3V.
Hv filtering that PPF of the present invention combines with TSC and dynamic passive compensation; PPT by with certain filtering channel being the master constitutes with many group thyristor switchable capacitor TSC; Logical main harmonic wave of PPF filtering of band and compensation are idle basically, do not occur not having that merits and demerits mend is the upper limit when minimum with network load; TSC plays the fine setting effect to the idle grading compensation that carries out, because the TSC reactive compensation capacity is lower and it is suitable to divide into groups, can be similar to and realizes idle Continuous Compensation.The present invention combines high-tension high-power and lower-cost advantage and the TSC of PPF filtering rapidity and the dynamic characteristic to reactive power compensation; All have great performance and cost advantage with respect to single PPF and TSC, provide a kind of load to contain the high performance-price ratio scheme of the idle quick compensation of big capacity under the harmonic current environment.
Utilize PPF filtering load harmonic current, can effectively reduce the reactance Rate of smoothing reactor among traditional TSC, practice thrift system cost, improve reactive power compensation usefulness.
The PPF topological structure that the present invention is unique makes system under the violent situation of the fluctuation of load, have good dynamic characteristics and stable state accuracy, especially has the good inhibition surge current and the ability of voltage flicker.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:
As shown in Figure 2, PPF filtering channel three-phase Y connection adopts the circuit breaker switching mode, and discharge coil and relaying protection system closed loop realize the real-time monitoring to the PPF operating mode; The filtering capacitor group adopts the many and form of 2 strings, and through parameter optimization, the single tuning filtering channel is taken into account the filtering work of other contiguous harmonic wave; Guarantee that through dynamic analysis PPF is perception being under the first-harmonic under capacitive, the harmonic wave, guarantee that PPF can compensate idle basically and can parallel resonance not take place with system reactance or TSC.
TSC is made up of compensation condenser, smoothing reactor and thyristor, adopts the triangle connected mode, and it is identical that each organizes the TSC topology, and compensation capacity is by 2
N-1Mode is encoded, n=1, and 2 ..., N, N≤M.After the filtering of PPF particular harmonic, can be with the reactance Rate of TSC by 6% reducing to 5%, minimumly reducing to 3%; Because TSC only bears the maximum and minimum idle difference part of system and adopts the multi-channel compensating system channel form, therefore idle staircase waveform is less relatively, under specific circumstances approximate continuous.
TSC switching rule is:
1) compensation capacity with TSC divides into groups according to the 8:4:2:1 ratio, can obtain 15 kinds of switching modes; The characteristic of this patent is that PPF under the switching situation, effectively controls the switching combination of TSC.
2), confirm the combination of PPF and TSC switching based on PPF and TSC harmonic analysis;
3) DSP is according to the idle amount Q that calculates the required compensation of system
L, with reference to 2) where decision organize reactive power compensation passage switching.
4) the DSP control system is sent TSC switching signal, and after the 3.3V-12V level translation, it is idle to electrical network that relevant reactive power compensation passage is seen off, compensating reactive power, and monitor the variation of power factor in real time.
5) the fundamental wave reactive power signal that obtains with detection is the reference control signal, controls in conjunction with nine domain analysiss, and combines with harmonic analysis, provides based on the TSC control strategy under the PPF filtering prerequisite.
Course of work explanation:
1, under situation about not breaking down, PPF is connected on the three-phase bus through circuit breaker control always, leaches the harmonic wave of CF, and guarantees that under the minimum situation of network load, merits and demerits can not occur not having mends, and plays and decides the benefit effect.
2, be installed in the mV magnitude voltage signals that electric current and the voltage sensor sampling on the three-phase bus obtains, deliver to that signal conditioning circuit amplifies, lifting, the voltage signal that becomes 0-3.3V is delivered to the A/D port of DSP2812;
3, DSP carries out first-harmonic and Harmonics Calculation according to instantaneous reactive power theory; Calculate which passage switching of decision TSC based on nine territory methods; The level signal of sending 3.3V transfers the 12V voltage signal to through 75451 drive circuits, drives the action of thyristor valve group, and compensation channels is inserted electrical network;
4, break down like the PPF filtering channel, then discharge coil is seen the differential pressure guard signal off to relay protection circuit, sends the sound and light alarm signal; As parallel resonance takes place, direct cut-off breaker then.
Claims (5)
1. a hv filtering and dynamic passive compensation control system that PPF combines with TSC; It is characterized in that: it comprises passive filtering unit (1), reactive-load dynamic compensation unit (2), signal conditioning circuit (3), DSP and CPLD control circuit (4) and level shifting circuit (5)
Passive filtering unit (1) and reactive-load dynamic compensation unit (2) are connected in parallel between electrical network input and the load end; Signal conditioning circuit (3) is used for the three-phase current signal and the three-phase voltage signal of input of detection of grid; The voltage and current signal output part of signal conditioning circuit (3) connects the voltage and current signal input part of DSP and CPLD control circuit (4); DSP is connected the input of level shifting circuit (5) with the pwm control signal output of CPLD control circuit (4), the output of level shifting circuit (5) connects the signal input end of reactive-load dynamic compensation unit (2);
Said passive filtering unit (1) is made up of three star branch roads, the Y-connection of three star branch roads, and every star is propped up route circuit breaker (1-1), fuse (1-2), filter reactor (1-3) and two filtering capacitors (1-4) composition,
Circuit breaker (1-1), fuse (1-2), filter reactor (1-3) and two filtering capacitors (1-4) in every star branch road are connected successively;
This control system also comprises warning circuit (6), and said warning circuit (6) is made up of three alarm relaies (k), three groups of instrument transformers (6-3), voice guard (6-1), light crossing-signal (6-2) and second relay (k2),
Every group of instrument transformer (6-3) is made up of two instrument transformers; The primary coil of these two instrument transformers respectively with a star branch road in two filtering capacitors (1-4) be connected in parallel; The secondary coil anti-phase of said two instrument transformers series connection back, form the loop with the control coil of an alarm relay (k)
The normally opened contact of the normally opened contact of three alarm relaies (k) and second relay (k2) is parallel with one another; Being in series with the control coil of second relay (k2) then is connected in the working power loop of voice guard (6-1), and said voice guard (6-1) and light crossing-signal (6-2) are connected in parallel.
2. hv filtering that PPF according to claim 1 combines with TSC and dynamic passive compensation control system; It is characterized in that: said reactive-load dynamic compensation unit (2) is made up of M group thyristor switchable capacitor (TSC), and the compensation capacity of M group thyristor switchable capacitor (TSC) is according to 2
N-1Coded system is divided into groups, n=1, and 2 ..., N, wherein M is the integer greater than 1, N≤M, M group thyristor switchable capacitor (TSC) all parallel connection insert electrical network,
Every group of thyristor switchable capacitor (TSC) is made up of three dihedral branch roads, and three dihedral branch road dihedrals connect, and thyristor and capacitor that every dihedral props up route inductance coil, two reverse parallel connections are composed in series successively.
3. hv filtering that PPF according to claim 1 and 2 combines with TSC and dynamic passive compensation control system; It is characterized in that: it also comprises liquid crystal display circuit (8), and the shows signal input of liquid crystal display circuit (8) connects the shows signal output of DSP and CPLD control circuit (4).
4. hv filtering that PPF according to claim 1 and 2 combines with TSC and dynamic passive compensation control system; It is characterized in that: it also comprises industrial computer monitoring unit (7), and the pilot signal input of industrial computer monitoring unit (7) connects the shows signal output of DSP and CPLD control circuit (4).
5. the hv filtering that combines with TSC based on the described PPF of claim 1 and the control method of dynamic passive compensation control system is characterized in that its control method is:
Signal conditioning circuit (3) is exported to DSP and CPLD control circuit (4) after the three-phase transient current value of the electrical network that collects and three-phase instantaneous voltage value are nursed one's health;
DSP and CPLD control circuit (4) calculate fundamental voltage, fundamental current, harmonic voltage, harmonic current, active power, reactive power and the power factor that obtains electrical network according to electric current that receives and voltage signal; And, need to confirm the idle amount of compensation according to the fundamental voltage, fundamental current, the harmonic voltage harmonic electric current that carry out the said electrical network that first-harmonic and Harmonics Calculation obtain by instantaneous reactive power theory;
DSP and CPLD control circuit (4) are according to the idle amount of said needs compensation; On the basis of nine territory figure; Increase the space longitudinal axis vector of expression harmonic component; Form nine territories, space, according to the position of electrical network parameter in nine territories, said space that obtains, the principle that control reactive power compensation electric capacity drops into electrical network is:
Parameter is in area 0, and power system reactive power and voltage are all qualified, do not regulate;
Parameter is in zone 1: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is got over lower limit, throws the capacitor group; When the capacitor group all drops into, send out the instruction of boosting; When on load tap changer is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing;
Parameter is in zone 2: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is qualified, throws the capacitor group;
Parameter is in zone 3: power system reactive power is got over the upper limit, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out the step-down instruction; When loaded switch is in the lower position, sends out and cut the instruction of capacitor group by force;
Parameter is in zone 4: power system reactive power is qualified, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out the step-down instruction; When loaded switch is in the lower position, sends out and cut the instruction of capacitor group by force;
Parameter is in zone 5: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is got over the upper limit, sends out and cuts the instruction of capacitor group; When capacitor group complete resection, send out the step-down instruction;
Parameter is in zone 6: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is qualified, sends out and cuts the instruction of capacitor group;
Parameter is in zone 7: power system reactive power is got over lower limit, and line voltage is got over lower limit, sends out the instruction of boosting; When loaded switch is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing;
Parameter is in zone 8: power system reactive power is qualified, and line voltage is got over lower limit, sends out the instruction of boosting; When loaded switch is in upper limit position, send out the strong capacitor group instruction of throwing.
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