CN101937007B - Method for measuring rotational angular velocity of earth by using pendulous gyroscope - Google Patents
Method for measuring rotational angular velocity of earth by using pendulous gyroscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN101937007B CN101937007B CN 201010215824 CN201010215824A CN101937007B CN 101937007 B CN101937007 B CN 101937007B CN 201010215824 CN201010215824 CN 201010215824 CN 201010215824 A CN201010215824 A CN 201010215824A CN 101937007 B CN101937007 B CN 101937007B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring rotational angular velocity of the earth by using a pendulous gyroscope. The method particularly comprises the following steps of: 1, arranging the pendulous gyroscope at a station point; 2, measuring an oscillation period of the pendulous gyroscope; 3, measuring the geographic latitude of the station point; and 4, calculating the rotational angular velocity of the earth omega e by an external computer according to the obtained oscillation period of the pendulous gyroscope and the geographic latitude of the station point. The method of the invention has the advantages of simplicity and practicability, no need of wide-range combined ground and airborne measurement, capability of independently measuring the rotational angular velocity of the earth, high subsequent data processing speed and capability of monitoring the variation in the rotational angular velocity of the earth in real time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geophysics, geodesy, inertial navigation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of measuring rotational-angular velocity of the earth, particularly a kind of method of utilizing pendulous gyroscope to measure rotational-angular velocity of the earth.The present invention can be widely used in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, global plate motion monitoring, survey of deep space research.
Background technology
The earth itself is because the small variation of generation that its inner material distributions inhomogeneous causes the angular velocity of its rotation not stop; And the variation of earth angle speed has also caused the long variation of day every day; The variation of therefore, measuring rotational-angular velocity of the earth exactly all has important and practical meanings and using value for Aeronautics and Astronautics, geophysical research.
Since the seventies in 20th century; People adopt multiple observation technology that rotational-angular velocity of the earth is measured; Like VLBI technology, SLR is technological and GPS technology etc., and these technology need empty on a large scale translocations mostly, required equipment manufacturing cost is expensive; And the cycle of obtaining observation data is longer, and the Data Post process is complicated.
Summary of the invention
To the measurement rotational-angular velocity of the earth of present employing technological defective or deficiency; The objective of the invention is to, a kind of method of utilizing pendulous gyroscope to measure rotational-angular velocity of the earth is provided, this method is simple; Do not need empty on a large scale translocation; Can independently carry out rotational-angular velocity of the earth and measure, and the late time data processing speed is very fast, can monitor the variation of rotational-angular velocity of the earth in real time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical solution:
A kind of method of utilizing pendulous gyroscope to measure rotational-angular velocity of the earth specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is placed in certain survey station point with pendulous gyroscope;
Pendulous gyroscope comprises external shell, suspension strap, gyro motor room, gyro motor, teetotum rotating shaft; The center links to each other directly over the upper end of said suspension strap and the external shell inside; The lower end of suspension strap links to each other with said gyro motor room; This gyro motor room hangs on the inside of external shell through suspension strap; The built-in said gyro motor in gyro motor room, this gyro motor links to each other with the gyro motor room through the gyro motor axle; Said external shell is provided with the north orientation sign, and the sign direction of said north orientation sign is the direction of said teetotum rotating shaft indication;
Described pendulous gyroscope also comprises first photoelectric sensor, first counter, first catoptron, second catoptron, timer, second counter, second photoelectric sensor that external shell is inner; Said timer be positioned at the gyro motor room under; Said first catoptron and second catoptron are installed in the symmetric position of the outside right ends in said gyro motor room; Said first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor symmetrical placement are on the inwall of external shell below; Emission/the receiving surface of the reflecting surface of said first catoptron and said first photoelectric sensor over against, the emission/receiving surface of the reflecting surface of said second catoptron and said second photoelectric sensor over against; First photoelectric sensor and second photoelectric sensor are connected respectively to timer; Said first photoelectric sensor below is connected with first counter, and the output terminal of said first counter is connected to timer, and this first counter is used to write down the induction number of times of first photoelectric sensor and signal is passed to timer; Second photoelectric sensor below is connected with second counter, and the output terminal of said second counter is connected to timer, and this second counter is used to write down the induction number of times of second photoelectric sensing 2 and signal is passed to timer; External shell is provided with the data transmission mouth, and said timer is connected communication through said data transmission mouth with outer computer.
Step 2, T hunting period of measurement pendulous gyroscope;
Step 3, the geographic latitude
of measurement survey station point
Step 4, outer computer is according to the T and the geographic latitude of survey station point hunting period of the pendulous gyroscope that obtains
Utilize formula 1 to calculate rotational-angular velocity of the earth ω
e:
Wherein, H is the angular momentum of gyro, and the gravity that G receives for the gyro rod meter, l are the distance of gyro rod meter center of gravity to hitch point, ω
eBe rotational-angular velocity of the earth,
Be survey station point geographic latitude.
Rationale of the present invention is following:
The gyro of high speed rotating can make the teetotum rotating shaft be created in the effect that meridian direction swings owing to receive the influence of earth rotation factor, and T hunting period of teetotum rotating shaft is:
Wherein, H is the angular momentum of gyro, and the gravity that G receives for the gyro rod meter, l are the distance of gyro rod meter center of gravity to hitch point, ω
eBe rotational-angular velocity of the earth,
Be survey station point geographic latitude.Wherein, the angular momentum H of gyro, gravity G that the gyro rod meter receives and gyro rod meter center of gravity are confirmed as known parameter when gyroscope dispatches from the factory to the value apart from l of hitch point.
Above-mentioned hitch point is meant the point that suspension strap is connected with external shell, and the gyro rod meter comprises suspension strap, gyro motor room, gyro motor, first catoptron, second catoptron.
Can obtain rotational-angular velocity of the earth ω by formula 3
e:
Wherein, The value of
is obtained through GPS or astronomical sight, and equipment accurately obtained when gyro was swung cycle T through high-precision survey.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of pendulous gyroscope used in the present invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further and to explain.
Embodiment
A kind of method of utilizing pendulous gyroscope to measure rotational-angular velocity of the earth specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is placed in certain survey station point with pendulous gyroscope;
As shown in Figure 1, pendulous gyroscope comprises external shell 2, suspension strap 3, gyro motor room 4, gyro motor 5, teetotum rotating shaft 14; The center links to each other directly over the upper end of said suspension strap 3 and external shell 2 inside; The lower end of suspension strap 3 links to each other with said gyro motor room 4; This gyro motor room 4 hangs on the inside of external shell 2 through suspension strap 3; Gyro motor room 4 built-in said gyro motors 5, this gyro motor 5 links to each other with gyro motor room 4 through gyro motor axle 14; Said external shell 2 is provided with north orientation sign 1, and the sign direction of said north orientation sign 1 is the direction of said teetotum rotating shaft 14 indications, i.e. the direction of angular momentum during the gyro motor high speed rotating;
Described pendulous gyroscope also comprises the first inner photoelectric sensor 6 of external shell 2, first counter 7, first catoptron 8, second catoptron 9, timer 10, second counter 11, second photoelectric sensor 12; Said timer 10 be positioned at gyro motor room 4 under; Said first catoptron 8 and second catoptron 9 are installed in the symmetric position of said gyro motor room 4 outside right ends; Said first photoelectric sensor 6 and second photoelectric sensor, 12 symmetrical placement are on the inwall of external shell 2 belows; Emission/the receiving surface of the reflecting surface of said first catoptron 8 and said first photoelectric sensor 6 over against, the emission/receiving surface of the reflecting surface of said second catoptron 9 and said second photoelectric sensor 12 over against; First photoelectric sensor 6 and second photoelectric sensor 12 are connected respectively to timer 10; Said first photoelectric sensor 6 belows are connected with first counter 7, and the output terminal of said first counter 7 is connected to timer 10, and this first counter 7 is used to write down the induction number of times of first photoelectric sensor 6 and signal is passed to timer 10; Second photoelectric sensor, 12 belows are connected with second counter 11, and the output terminal of said second counter 11 is connected to timer 10, and this second counter 11 is used to write down the induction number of times of second photoelectric sensor 12 and signal is passed to timer 10; External shell 2 is provided with data transmission mouth 13, and said timer 10 is connected communication through said data transmission mouth 13 with outer computer.
Step 2, T hunting period of measurement pendulous gyroscope, concrete steps are following:
1) make the north orientation of pendulous gyroscope identify 1 energized north direction, deviation is no more than 5 degree;
2) start gyro motor 5, treat that gyro motor 5 reaches rated speed after, first photoelectric sensor 6 is to first catoptron, 8 emission light beams, second photoelectric sensor 12 is to second catoptron, 9 emission light beams;
3) when first photoelectric sensor 6 received the reflected light of first catoptron 8 for the first time, first counter 7 was write down numeral 1; When second photoelectric sensor 12 received the reflected light of second catoptron 9 for the first time, second counter 11 was write down numeral 1; Timer 10 writes down counting that first counter 7, second counter 11 write down numeral 1 t constantly respectively
A1, t
B1
4) along with teetotum rotating shaft 14 swings at meridian direction, when first photoelectric sensor 6 received the reflected light of first catoptron 8 for the second time, first counter 7 was write down numeral 2; When second photoelectric sensor 12 received the reflected light of second catoptron 9 for the second time, second counter 11 was write down numeral 2;
5) when first photoelectric sensor 6 receives the reflected light of first catoptron 8 for the third time, first counter 7 is write down numeral 3; When second photoelectric sensor 12 received the reflected light of second catoptron 9 for the third time, second counter 11 was write down numeral 3; Timer 10 writes down counting that first counter 7, second counter 11 write down numeral 3 t constantly respectively
A3, t
B3
6) moment t that timer 10 is write down
A1, t
B1, t
A3, t
B3, being transferred to outer computer through data transmission mouth 13, outer computer calculates gyro swing cycle T according to formula 2:
Step 3 is obtained the value of the geographic latitude
of survey station point through GPS or astronomical sight;
Step 4, outer computer is according to the T and the geographic latitude of survey station point hunting period of the pendulous gyroscope that obtains
Utilize formula 1 to calculate rotational-angular velocity of the earth ω
e:
Wherein, H is the angular momentum of gyro, and the gravity that G receives for the gyro rod meter, l are the distance of gyro rod meter center of gravity to hitch point, ω
eBe rotational-angular velocity of the earth,
Be survey station point geographic latitude.The angular momentum H of gyro, gravity G that the gyro rod meter receives and gyro rod meter center of gravity are confirmed as known parameter when gyroscope dispatches from the factory to the value apart from l of hitch point.
Above-mentioned hitch point is meant the point that suspension strap is connected with external shell, and the gyro rod meter comprises suspension strap, gyro motor room, gyro motor, first catoptron, second catoptron.
Claims (2)
1. a method of utilizing pendulous gyroscope to measure rotational-angular velocity of the earth is characterized in that, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is placed in certain survey station point with pendulous gyroscope;
Pendulous gyroscope comprises external shell (2), suspension strap (3), gyro motor room (4), gyro motor (5), teetotum rotating shaft (14); The center links to each other directly over the upper end of said suspension strap (3) and external shell (2) inside; The lower end of suspension strap (3) links to each other with said gyro motor room (4); This gyro motor room (4) hangs on the inside of external shell (2) through suspension strap (3); The built-in said gyro motor in gyro motor room (4) (5), this gyro motor (5) links to each other with gyro motor room (4) through gyro motor axle (14); Said external shell (2) is provided with north orientation sign (1), and the sign direction of said north orientation sign (1) is the direction of said teetotum rotating shaft (14) indication, i.e. the direction of angular momentum during the gyro motor high speed rotating;
Described pendulous gyroscope also comprises first photoelectric sensor (6), first counter (7), first catoptron (8), second catoptron (9), timer (10), second counter (11), second photoelectric sensor (12) that external shell (2) is inner; Said timer (10) be positioned at gyro motor room (4) under; Said first catoptron (8) and second catoptron (9) are installed in the symmetric position of the outside right ends in said gyro motor room (4); Said first photoelectric sensor (6) and second photoelectric sensor (12) symmetrical placement are on the inwall of external shell (2) below; Emission/the receiving surface of the reflecting surface of said first catoptron (8) and said first photoelectric sensor (6) over against, the emission/receiving surface of the reflecting surface of said second catoptron (9) and said second photoelectric sensor (12) over against; First photoelectric sensor (6) is connected respectively to timer (10) with second photoelectric sensor (12); Said first photoelectric sensor (6) below is connected with first counter (7); The output terminal of said first counter (7) is connected to timer (10), and this first counter (7) is used to write down the induction number of times of first photoelectric sensor (6) and signal is passed to timer (10); Second photoelectric sensor (12) below is connected with second counter (11); The output terminal of said second counter (11) is connected to timer (10), and this second counter (11) is used to write down the induction number of times of second photoelectric sensor (12) and signal is passed to timer (10); External shell (2) is provided with data transmission mouth (13), and said timer (10) is connected communication through said data transmission mouth (13) with outer computer;
Step 2, T hunting period of measurement pendulous gyroscope;
Step 3, the geographic latitude
of measurement survey station point
Step 4, outer computer is according to the T and the geographic latitude of survey station point hunting period of the pendulous gyroscope that obtains
Utilize formula 1 to calculate rotational-angular velocity of the earth ω
e:
Wherein, H is the angular momentum of gyro, and the gravity that G receives for the gyro rod meter, l are the distance of gyro rod meter center of gravity to hitch point, ω
eBe rotational-angular velocity of the earth,
Be survey station point geographic latitude.
2. the pendulous gyroscope that utilizes as claimed in claim 1 is measured the rotational-angular velocity of the earth method, it is characterized in that T hunting period of described measurement pendulous gyroscope specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) make the north orientation of pendulous gyroscope identify (1) energized north direction, deviation is no more than 5 degree;
2) start gyro motor (5), treat that gyro motor (5) reaches 24000 rev/mins of rated speeds after, first photoelectric sensor (6) is to first catoptron (8) emission light beam, second photoelectric sensor (12) is to second catoptron (9) emission light beam;
3) when first photoelectric sensor (6) receives the reflected light of first catoptron (8) for the first time, first counter (7) is write down numeral 1; When second photoelectric sensor (12) received the reflected light of second catoptron (9) for the first time, second counter (11) was write down numeral 1; Timer (10) writes down first counter (7) respectively, second counter (11) is write down digital 1 counting moment t
A1, t
B1
4) along with teetotum rotating shaft (14) swings at meridian direction, when first photoelectric sensor (6) received the reflected light of first catoptron (8) for the second time, first counter (7) was write down numeral 2; When second photoelectric sensor (12) received the reflected light of second catoptron (9) for the second time, second counter (11) was write down numeral 2;
5) when first photoelectric sensor (6) receives the reflected light of first catoptron (8) for the third time, first counter (7) is write down numeral 3; When second photoelectric sensor (12) received the reflected light of second catoptron (9) for the third time, second counter (11) was write down numeral 3; Timer (10) writes down first counter (7) respectively, second counter (11) is write down digital 3 counting moment t
A3, t
B3
6) moment t that timer (10) is write down
A1, t
B1, t
A3, t
B3, being transferred to outer computer through data transmission mouth (13), outer computer calculates gyro swing cycle T according to formula 2:
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| CN 201010215824 CN101937007B (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2010-07-02 | Method for measuring rotational angular velocity of earth by using pendulous gyroscope |
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| CN 201010215824 CN101937007B (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2010-07-02 | Method for measuring rotational angular velocity of earth by using pendulous gyroscope |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5584634B2 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2014-09-03 | アルプス電気株式会社 | Angular velocity detection device and angular velocity error detection method |
| CN103994759B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2017-03-15 | 中国人民解放军第二炮兵工程大学 | A kind of quick amplitude limit method of pendulum type gyroscope north searching instrument |
| CN110865200A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-06 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Earth rotation angular rate measuring method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1052371A (en) * | 1990-05-23 | 1991-06-19 | 航空航天部第一设计研究院十五所 | Gyroscope north searching instrument |
| CN101231178A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2008-07-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for standardization of optimum 8 positions of flexure gyroscope |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1082639A (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1998-03-31 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Azimuth-detecting apparatus |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1052371A (en) * | 1990-05-23 | 1991-06-19 | 航空航天部第一设计研究院十五所 | Gyroscope north searching instrument |
| CN101231178A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2008-07-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for standardization of optimum 8 positions of flexure gyroscope |
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