CN101936630B - 低温制冷机回热器整流元件 - Google Patents

低温制冷机回热器整流元件 Download PDF

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CN101936630B
CN101936630B CN2010102848426A CN201010284842A CN101936630B CN 101936630 B CN101936630 B CN 101936630B CN 2010102848426 A CN2010102848426 A CN 2010102848426A CN 201010284842 A CN201010284842 A CN 201010284842A CN 101936630 B CN101936630 B CN 101936630B
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regenerator
layer
rectifier cell
heat regenerator
rectifier elements
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CN101936630A (zh
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郝熙欢
巨永林
刘华萱
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Hefei Marriott Energy Equipment Co., Ltd.
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

一种制冷机技术领域的低温制冷机回热器整流元件，所述的整流元件均布于回热器的内部，包括：导流层、整流层和过渡层，其中：以过渡层为中心，两侧对称布置整流层和导流层，气流通过回热器及所述整流元件做往复交替运动。本发明以改善蓄冷材料的充填方式，从而达到改善回热器内部气流分布，提高回热器换热效率的目的。低温制冷机回热器内部加装此整流元件后，制冷机的冷量可提高30％，制冷机的运行效率得到了显著的改善。

Description

低温制冷机回热器整流元件
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种制冷机技术领域的装置，具体是一种低温制冷机回热器整流元件。
背景技术
最近三十年是航天技术、红外技术、原子能技术、超导技术等现代科学技术迅速发展的年代。由于与这些技术相关的许多科学仪器在低温条件下性能更好，运行速度更快，效率和灵敏度更高，因此与上述技术相关的低温技术中的一个重要分支-回热式低温制冷机也随之蓬勃发展，其应用从国防、军事、宇航部门向交通、信息、医疗、电子等商业领域渗透。在许多场合，如气象卫星上的红外辐射计、医学领域中的核磁成像仪和低温医疗冷刀等，均需简便可靠的小型低温制冷机提供稳定的低温冷源。这些应用场合对制冷机的制冷温度、可靠性、振动、电磁干扰、能耗、重量等指标提出了苛刻的要求。研制大冷量的低温制冷机已经成为低温领域发展的一个重要方向。其中，回热器是回热式低温制冷机的关键部件，通过回热器的传热量要比制冷机的冷量大几十倍，所以其换热效率，对制冷机的性能有决定性影响。通常，低温回热器内部充填铅丸、磁性材料等颗粒状蓄冷材料，以提高回热器的蓄冷能力，而蓄冷材料的充填方式对于回热器乃至整机的性能有着重要的影响。
经过对现有技术的检索发现，日本的Inaguchi Takashi等人曾在公开发表的论文《Development of 2W class 4K Gifford-McMahon cycle cooler》中提出了一种用于G-M制冷机的整流元件，该整流元件主要适用于液氦温区(4K温区)范围内。而对于4K以上的温区，由于回热器内部的气流分布及换热方式与4K以下温区有着明显的区别，因此该整流元件对于4K以上温区回热器性能的改善效果有限。同时，该整流元件中无导流结构，从而也影响了其整体性能的提高。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提供一种低温制冷机回热器整流元件，以改善蓄冷材料的充填方式，从而达到改善回热器内部气流分布，使气流运动更加均匀提高回热器换热效率。低温制冷机回热器内部加装此整流元件后，制冷机的冷量可提高30％，制冷机的运行效率得到了显著的改善。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的，本发明所述的整流元件均布于回热器的内部，包括：导流层、整流层和过渡层，其中：以过渡层为中心，两侧对称布置整流层和导流层，气流通过回热器及所述整流元件做往复交替运动。
所述的过渡层由紫铜丝网制成，其网孔规格为100目到400目；
所述的整流层由毛毡制成，其厚度为1～2mm；
所述的导流层由不锈钢丝网制成，其网孔规格为100目到400目；
与现有技术相比，本发明的最大优点是：
1.回热器内部加装整流元件后，其内部的气流分布可以得到明显的改善，换热效率提高，有利于提升制冷机的整体性能。
2.在整流元件中加装了导流层，使得气流在进入整流层前提前分流，有利于提高元件的整流效果。
3.整流元件结构简单，安装和拆卸方便，无需单独加工。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整流元件结构示意图；
其中：1为导流层，2为整流层，3为过渡层。
图2为整流元件中丝网及毛毡的剖视图；
其中：(a)不锈钢丝网或紫铜丝网剖视图，(b)毛毡剖视图。
图3为回热器内部加装整流元件前后的剖视图；
其中：(a)为回热器内部无整流元件，(b)为回热器内部加装整流元件，1为回热器，2为蓄冷材料，3为整流元件
图4为回热器内部加装本发明的整流元件后对低温制冷机性能的影响。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
如图1所示，本实施例包括：导流层1、整流层2和过渡层3。由于气流通过回热器及整流元件做往复交替运动，因此整流元件采用对称结构，其中：以过渡层3为中心，两侧同时布置整流层2和导流层1；
所述的过渡层3、整流层2和导流层1分别由若干片100目到400目的紫铜丝网、1～2mm厚的毛毡和100目到400目的不锈钢丝网构成；
如图2所示，为整流元件中丝网及毛毡的剖视图，其中：(a)为不锈钢丝网或紫铜丝网剖视图，(b)为毛毡剖视图，丝网或毛毡的直径等于回热器的内径。
如图3所示，为回热器内部加装整流元件前后的剖视图，其中：如图3(b)所示，整流元件3均布在回热器1的内部，以使整流效果达到最佳。当气流经过回热器1进出制冷机时，与回热器内部的蓄冷材料2发生热交换，进行吸热或放热，其换热效率直接决定着整个制冷机的性能。在回热器1内部加装整流元件3后，可以改善气流分布，增加气流与蓄冷材料2的换热效果，从而使得制冷机的制冷量得到了显著的提高。
通过在低温制冷机回热器的内部加装本发明的整流元件后，可以明显改善回热器内部的气流分布，从而提高制冷机的制冷量。图4是回热器内部加装整流元件前后，制冷机的制冷性能对比。通过该图可以看出，低温制冷机回热器内部加装此整流元件后，制冷机的冷量可提高30％左右。

Claims (4)

1.一种低温制冷机回热器整流元件，其特征在于：所述的整流元件均布于回热器的内部，包括：导流层、整流层和过渡层，其中：以过渡层为中心，两侧对称布置整流层和导流层，气流通过回热器及所述整流元件做往复交替运动；所述的过渡层由紫铜丝网制成；所述的整流层由毛毡制成；所述的导流层由不锈钢丝网制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低温制冷机回热器整流元件，其特征是，所述的过渡层的网孔规格为100目到400目。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低温制冷机回热器整流元件，其特征是，所述的整流层的厚度为1～2mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低温制冷机回热器整流元件，其特征是，所述的导流层的网孔规格为100目到400目。
CN2010102848426A 2010-09-17 2010-09-17 低温制冷机回热器整流元件 Active CN101936630B (zh)

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CN103486777B (zh) * 2013-09-23 2015-12-23 浙江大学 一种回热式低温制冷机用变孔隙率回热器
CN106152629B (zh) * 2015-04-08 2019-03-05 上海交通大学 用于回热式低温制冷机的多流程回热器
CN112944740B (zh) * 2021-03-22 2022-05-20 西安工业大学 空调温区分层式变孔隙率蜂窝结构回热器

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JP2953439B2 (ja) * 1997-07-23 1999-09-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 蓄冷材および蓄冷型冷凍機
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