CN101934173A - Filter material and use thereof - Google Patents

Filter material and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101934173A
CN101934173A CN2009101588857A CN200910158885A CN101934173A CN 101934173 A CN101934173 A CN 101934173A CN 2009101588857 A CN2009101588857 A CN 2009101588857A CN 200910158885 A CN200910158885 A CN 200910158885A CN 101934173 A CN101934173 A CN 101934173A
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China
Prior art keywords
filtering material
layer
ptfe
enhancement layer
acupuncture
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CN2009101588857A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
沈雪松
纪舜卿
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Toray Fibers and Textiles Research Laboratories China Co Ltd
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Toray Fibers and Textiles Research Laboratories China Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2009101588857A priority Critical patent/CN101934173A/en
Publication of CN101934173A publication Critical patent/CN101934173A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a filter material and use thereof. The filter material has a three-layer structure, wherein the first layer is a PTFE thin film; the second layer is a fabric reinforced layer and the third layer is a PTFE fiber layer. The filter material has the advantages of high efficiency for trapping dust in exhaust, high corrosion resistance or breaking strength, stiffness, dimensional stability and other mechanical properties of a keel, long service life, and particular suitability for filter cloth and a filter bag made of the same for filtering dust from high-temperature gas exhausted from a garbage incinerator, a coal-fired boiler or a metal smelting furnace and the like.

Description

A kind of filtering material and uses thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of filtering material and uses thereof.
Background technology
Advantage such as incineration treatment of garbage has innoxious effective, minimizing degree height, the resource effect is remarkable and floor space is little, in processing ratio, in rising trend always in recent years by the incinerator burning disposal based on the solid waste of house refuse.The characteristics of China's rubbish be high-moisture, low heat value, rubbish from cooking proportion up to 60%, so moisture is higher in the flue gas of incinerator.At the characteristics of China's flue gas of garbage furnace, consider that the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filtrate is the most suitable filtrate.Because polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has very strong acid-fast alkali-proof, refuses water, oil repellent and resistance to elevated temperatures.
The patent No. is that the utility model of CN201012961 discloses a kind of pure PTFE needled filtering felt, pure PTFE needled filtering felt is because venting quality is excessive, filter efficiency will be lower than coated filter material, and because domestic refuse moisture content height, in case and ash content is bonded at after mixing in the hole on Nomex surface and will be difficult to remove by pulse dust cleaning, causes filter bag to lose efficacy thereby cause resistance of the filter bag to rise.Also just like patent No. CN201135832 a kind of pure polyfluortetraethylegradient gradient overlay film filter material with high intensity is disclosed in addition, this kind filtrate not only constitutes fleece with the fiber of different fineness, and taked the overlay film processing, therefore judge and can obtain good filter effect.But its innermost layer is a base cloth, so keel will be directly and the base cloth friction during pulse dust cleaning, causes the wearing and tearing of base cloth to cause filtering the decline of felt brute force.Because base cloth is the skeleton of filter felt, the brute force of base cloth is the main composition of filter felt brute force, will directly have influence on the service life of filtering felt in case base cloth is destroyed.
In sum, therefore be necessary to develop a kind of energy and obtain the filter felt that good filter efficiency can have the long life again.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high arresting efficiency, filtering material of long life and uses thereof.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following method:
Filtering material of the present invention is a three-decker, is followed successively by polytetrafluoroethylene film, fabric enhancement layer, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer.Comprise the acupuncture complexing body that forms by fabric enhancement layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer in this filtering material.
The fiber of forming the fabric enhancement layer in the above-mentioned filtering material is polytetrafluoroethylene fibre (hereinafter to be referred as PTFE), and the PTFE fibrage is to be the fibrous fleece of PTFE of 10~50 μ m by average diameter.
The bonding surface of fabric enhancement layer and fibrolaminar complexing body and PTFE film is through the processing of singing.Acupuncture complexing body and PTFE film are to be bonded together by hot adhesion.
The grammes per square metre of filtering material is at 400~1200g/m 2Between.The warp-wise of filtering material, the hot strength of broadwise are all more than 500N/5cm.
This filtering material is used in preparation filter bag goods.
Among the present invention, selected PTFE film thickness is between 5~100 μ m.The PTFE film preferably has under 125Pa, 3~10cm 3/ cm 2Gas permeability between the/sec.The thickness of film is preferably between 10~80 μ m, more preferably between 25~60 μ m, more preferably between 35~50 μ m.Film will have better gas permeability like this, help pulse jet, and film can not break under the pulse jet regular service conditions.
Fabric enhancement layer of the present invention is meant a kind of sparse tissue layer that is formed by yarns interwoven, can make filtering material have certain mechanical strength by using the fabric enhancement layer.The fabric enhancement layer works to keep mechanical strength, therefore is fit to use the fabric enhancement layer of hot strength more than 400N/5cm.Consider from chemical proofing, hear resistance aspect, constitute the preferred PTFE fiber of fiber of fabric enhancement layer.In order not increase the pressure loss, be preferably formed sparse weave,, plain weave, double-layered structure, three-layer weave, twill-weave, satin weave etc. arranged as general structure, particularly low-cost, widely used plain cloth can obtain satisfied performance, therefore preferred the use.10~40/2.54cm of Density warp-wise, preferred 20~30/2.54cm, 10~30/2.54cm of broadwise, preferred 10~20/2.54cm.The fabric enhancement layer here is meant between PTFE film and fibrage, works the fabric that increases mechanical forceful action by what heat resistant fibre constituted.
As what constitute the fabric enhancement layer can be staple yarn or bicomponent filament yarn.The preferred staple yarn that uses, staple yarn and fibroreticulate complexing are good, and fiber specific surface area increases, and specific area is big, helps improving the arresting efficiency to dust.
PTFE fibrage of the present invention is to be that the fibrous multi-layered web of PTFE of 10~50 μ m is formed by stacking by average diameter.When average fibre diameter during less than 10 μ m, the voidage of the filtering material made from this fibrid is low, and it is too fast that service pressure is risen, and filtrate lost efficacy reduced its service life.
When average diameter during greater than 50 μ m, the dust catching efficient of the filtering material made from this fibrid reduces can't reach discharge standard.As the fiber that forms above-mentioned filtering material, from obtaining the higher dust catching efficient and the lower pressure loss, the optimum fiber average diameter is the PTFE fiber of 10~40 μ m; More preferably average fibre diameter is the PTFE fiber of 10~20 μ m.Here the average diameter of fiber is meant the mean value by 50 measured fibre diameters of SEM.
In filtering material manufacturing process of the present invention,, can select for use carding machine to make staple card become fibroreticulate conventional method as making fibrolaminar method.The fleece that obtains with the method by 3~4 layers of lappings after after extruding roller and applying the state that light compression forms lap, utilize needle point method to make the mutual complexing of fiber make fibrage again at thickness direction.After stacking gradually fabric enhancement layer and fibrage again, undertaken integrated by the acupuncture complexing again.In this process, because the acupuncture complexing forms the very thin fibrage of one deck on the surface of fabric enhancement layer.This fibrolaminar brute force that helps to improve filtering material on the one hand that forms has increased the interlacing point with the PTFE film on the other hand, has improved the coating performance of PTFE film and Nomex.At least a method in described complexing method preferred pin acupuncture manipulation and the water spray perforation method, also available additive method.
With the acupuncture complexing integrated after, handle with the bonding fabric enhancement layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film and the surface one side mode of singing of fibrage complexing body.The mode of singing can adopt the naked light of fuel oil to singe, and also can adopt electric energy to singe.When adopting naked light to singe, flame height is controlled at 7~8cm, when fabric is controlled at 100m/min in pace, fast by the flame district, thereby finishes the processing of singing; When electric energy was singed, heat-carrying pipe temperature was controlled at 800~900 ℃, fabric when pace is controlled at 100m/min and its wall carry out uniform CONTACT WITH FRICTION, thereby finish the processing of singing.Singe few and more smooth with the surface hairiness of fibrage complexing body with the bonding fabric enhancement layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film after the processing, the overlay film that is easy to is after this processed.
PTFE film and fabric enhancement layer and fibrage complexing body are bonded together by hot adhesion.Hot adhesion is with enhancing fabric after singing and fibrolaminar complexing body, obtains filtering material thereby carry out high temperature hot pressing with the PTFE film under the high temperature more than 190 ℃.Select to use the processing mode of hot adhesion can guarantee film and complexing body in conjunction with fastness; In the time of can avoiding adopting adhesive bond again, binding agent be met high temperature melting and is caused the fastness of film and complexing body to descend.
Filtering material of the present invention is as the filtering material that is used for flue gas ash removal, and the requirement and the grammes per square metre that must satisfy arresting efficiency will suit.The grammes per square metre large increase cost, grammes per square metre is too little can't to reach the requirement of strength of filter felt again, so grammes per square metre is 400~1200g/m 2, further preferred grammes per square metre is 600~1000g/m 2The grammes per square metre here is meant the weight of unit square rice filtering material.
Filtering material of the present invention is mainly used in the high temperature fume dust removal of incinerator, the characteristics of flue gas of garbage furnace are the temperature height, moisture content is high and have extensive chemical corrosivity, so filtering material must have certain intensity to satisfy such rugged environment.Filtering material in use must overcome the gravity of self and the gravity of appendix dust in addition, and during deashing compressed air to the impulsive force of filtering material.Therefore filtering material through the hot strength of broadwise all more than 500N/5cm.Preferred warp-wise 800~1200N/5cm, broadwise 1000~1400N/5cm.
Filter bag of the present invention is made of above-mentioned filtering material, and to dust in flue gas arresting efficiency height, and mechanical strengths such as wearability, fracture strength, stiffness and dimensional stability are good, thereby can prolong the service life of filtering material.As the suture that in making filter bag, uses, can be to use and fabric, the same material of filtering material, also can use make with fabric, short fiber or long filament that the filtering material material is different but better.The fiber that preferably uses and constitute fabric is similarly with having the line that chemical proofing, stable on heating fibrous material constitute, preferred PTFE suture here.
Filtering material of the present invention in addition and filter bag are particularly suitable as filtration and use with filter cloth and by its filter bag that constitutes from the dedusting of the high-temperature gas of discharges such as incinerator, coal-burning boiler or Metal Melting furnace.
Description of drawings:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the decomposing section of the filtering material that the present invention relates to.
Among the figure 1, the PTFE film, 2, the fabric enhancement layer, 3, fibrage.
The assay method of each rerum natura of filtering material is as follows:
[weight per unit area]
Filtering material is cut into the square of 200 * 200mm, calculates the weight per unit area of filtering material according to weight.
[thickness]
Used thickness amesdial (extruding force 0.000245Pa) is measured the thickness of filtering material.Select measure at random at 5, obtain mean value.
[Air permenbility]
Measure the Air permenbility of filtering material based on the Fu Leize type fabric breathability method of testing of JISL 1096 regulations.Measuring the position is to select measure at random at 10.
[abrasivity]
Wear away the wearability of method measuring filtering material based on the plane of JISL 1096 regulations.Select the sample of 5 pieces of Φ 11cm to test.Grinding number of times when the method for expressing of abrasion intensity is seen base cloth for grind activation from the fiber aspect.
[VDI3926 arresting efficiency]
Use is based on the performance of the experimental facilities mensuration filtering material of the standard of VDI3926, and the size of laboratory sample is φ 150mm, and the dust concentration of feeding is at 5g/m 3, filtration velocity is 2m/min.The order of experiment is 5000 times+30 times (in the way)+stabilisations of 5000 times+30 times (in the way)+stabilisations of initial stage 30 times+stabilisation 5000 times+last 30 times.30 times and last 30 times method are in the initial stage here 30 times, the way, prolongation along with running time, the pressure reduction on filtering material two sides can raise gradually, when arriving 1000Pa, pulse of air is carried out deashing to the dust on filtering material surface, carries out next process then, and this process is carried out 30 times altogether, record pressure and the variation of time in the process of experiment, detection simultaneously is not filtered the concentration of the dust of material capture.Stabilization procedures is meant in the process of operation, is the time interval filtering material to be carried out deashing with 5s, carries out altogether 15000 times.Here the pressure of the deashing of indication is 5bar.
[pressure loss]
Behind the determination test of VDI3926, the loss of the residual pressure of filtering material.
[filtering material draws Zhang Qiangdu]
Measure the tensile strength of filtering material based on the cloth intensity method of JISL 1096 regulations.Specimen size is 200mm * 50mm, measures with draw speed 100mm/min, chuck interval 100mm.Measured value is the value of 1 intensity in the warp-wise (be the direction vertical with the orientation of fiber, under the situation of the sample that comprises crash and the same direction of the warp-wise of crash) of sample.
Embodiment 1
Use Gore company
Figure B2009101588857D0000071
20/2.54cm of warp-wise density, 14/2.54cm of latitudinal density that Film Slit white PTFE long filament makes, grammes per square metre 120g/m 2Plain cloth as base cloth, therein on face with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after implementing opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning processing by the PTFE short fiber (Dongli Ltd.'s system " TEFLON " or " TOYOFLON ") of fiber number 3.3 dtexs (average fibre diameter 14 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm 2The thorn pin density carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece is the fibrage of filtering material, and then by acupuncture processing base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) and above-mentioned fibrage is interweaved, and obtains weight per unit area 600g/m 2, total 300/cm of needling density 2Nomex.Again to the processing of singing of base cloth one side of Nomex.Singe and handle the back under the high temperature more than 190 ℃, cover the PTFE film on the face of singing of Nomex, make filtering material, its every rerum natura sees Table one.
Embodiment 2
The plain cloth that makes with embodiment 1 is as base cloth, therein on face with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after being implemented opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning and handled by the PTFE short fiber of fiber number 3.3 dtexs (average fibre diameter 14 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm 2The thorn pin density carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece is the fibrage of filtering material, and then by acupuncture processing base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) and above-mentioned fibrage is interweaved, and obtains weight per unit area 720g/m 2, total 300/cm of needling density 2Nomex.All the other are with embodiment 1, and the every rerum natura of resultant filtering material sees Table one.
Embodiment 3
The plain cloth that makes with embodiment 1 is as base cloth, therein on face with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after implementing opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning processing by the PTFE short fiber (Dongli Ltd.'s system " TEFLON " or " TOYOFLON ") of fiber number 7.4 dtexs (average fibre diameter 20 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm 2The thorn pin density carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece is the fibrage of filtering material, and then by acupuncture processing base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) and above-mentioned fibrage is interweaved, and obtains weight per unit area 600g/m 2, total 300/em of needling density 2Nomex.All the other are with embodiment 1, and every rerum natura of gained filtering material sees Table one.
Embodiment 4
The plain cloth that makes with embodiment 1 is as base cloth, therein on face with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after being implemented opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning and handled by the PTFE short fiber of fiber number 7.4 dtexs (average fibre diameter 20 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm of thorn pin density 2Carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece is the fibrage of filtering material, and then by acupuncture processing base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) and above-mentioned fibrage is interweaved, and obtains weight per unit area 720g/m 2, total 300/cm of needling density 2Nomex.All the other are with embodiment 1, and every rerum natura of gained filtering material sees Table one.
Embodiment 5
The plain cloth that makes with embodiment 1 is as base cloth, therein on face with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after implementing opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning processing by the PTFE short fiber (Dongli Ltd.'s system " TEFLON " or " TOYOFLON ") of fiber number 1.8 dtexs (average fibre diameter 10 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm 2The thorn pin density carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece is the fibrage of filtering material, and then by acupuncture processing base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) and above-mentioned fibrage is interweaved, and obtains weight per unit area 600g/m 2, total 300/cm of needling density 2Nomex.All the other are with embodiment 1, and every rerum natura of gained filtering material sees Table one.
Embodiment 6
The plain cloth that makes with embodiment 1 is as base cloth, therein on face with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after being implemented opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning and handled by the PTFE short fiber of fiber number 1.8 dtexs (average fibre diameter 10 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm of thorn pin density 2Carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece is the fibrage of filtering material, and then makes base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) by acupuncture processing) and above-mentioned fibrage interweave, obtain weight per unit area 720g/m 2, total 300/cm of needling density 2Nomex.All the other are with embodiment 1, and every rerum natura of gained filtering material sees Table one.
The filtering material that contains the PTFE fiber that embodiment 1~6 obtains can be used to make filter bag.
Comparative example 1
Use Gore company
Figure B2009101588857D0000091
20/2.54cm of warp-wise density, 14/2.54cm of latitudinal density that Film Slit white PTFE long filament makes, grammes per square metre 120g/m 2Plain cloth as base cloth, on two face respectively with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after being implemented opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning and handled by the PTFE short fiber of fiber number 3.3 dtexs (average fibre diameter 14 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm of thorn pin density 2Carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece forms the fibrage of filtering material, and then by acupuncture processing base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) and above-mentioned fibrage is interweaved, and obtains weight per unit area 600g/m 2, total 300/cm of needling density 2Nomex, make filtering material, its every rerum natura sees Table one.
Comparative example 2
The plain cloth that makes with embodiment 1 is as base cloth, therein on face with 120g/m 2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after being implemented opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning and handled by the PTFE short fiber of fiber number 3.3 dtexs (average fibre diameter 14 μ m), coupe 70mm, with 50/cm of thorn pin density 2Carry out acupuncture and obtain, this fleece is the fibrage of filtering material.And then base cloth (being the fabric enhancement layer) and above-mentioned fibrage are interweaved by acupuncture processing, obtain weight per unit area 600g/m 2, total 300/cm of needling density 2The acupuncture filtering material.Again to the processing of singing of its fibrage one side.Singe and handle the back under the high temperature more than 190 ℃, on the face of singing of Nomex, cover the PTFE film.Make filtering material, its every rerum natura sees Table one.
From the evaluation result of table one as can be known, the filtering material of embodiment 1~6 is compared with the filtering material of comparative example 1,2, and the wearability of filtering material is good, arresting efficiency wants high.Further, embodiment 2,4 is better more, and more further, embodiment 2 is best.
Table one

Claims (9)

1. filtering material, it is characterized in that: this filtering material is a three-decker, is followed successively by polytetrafluoroethylene film, fabric enhancement layer, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer.
2. filtering material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the acupuncture complexing body that is formed by fabric enhancement layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer in this filtering material.
3. filtering material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the fiber of forming the fabric enhancement layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene fibre.
4. filtering material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is the fleece that the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre of 10~50 μ m is formed by average diameter.
5. filtering material according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the bonding surface of described acupuncture complexing body and polytetrafluoroethylene film is through the processing of singing.
6. filtering material according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described acupuncture complexing body and polytetrafluoroethylene film are bonded together by hot adhesion.
7. filtering material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: according to JISL 1096 standards, the grammes per square metre of this filtering material is at 400~1200g/m 2Between.
8. filtering material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: according to JISL 1096 standards, the warp-wise of this filtering material, the hot strength of broadwise are all more than 500N/5cm.
9. the application of filtering material as claimed in claim 1 in preparation filter bag goods.
CN2009101588857A 2009-07-02 2009-07-02 Filter material and use thereof Pending CN101934173A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103100269A (en) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-15 洛阳盛洁环保工程有限公司 Special filter bag for melamine hot-gas filter
CN103623649A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-03-12 南通江潮纤维制品有限公司 High-temperature resistant flame-retardant dust removal bag
CN104107595A (en) * 2014-06-27 2014-10-22 江苏新科达滤袋有限公司 Filter bag specialized for kiln tail in cement industry, and preparation method for filter bag material
CN104275049A (en) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-14 滁州友林科技发展有限公司 Dust removal bag of environmental-friendly dust collector
CN104487161A (en) * 2012-07-23 2015-04-01 W·L·戈尔及同仁股份有限公司 Filtration article with fluoropolymer knit
CN104857782A (en) * 2015-06-13 2015-08-26 黄浩 Double-layered efficient bag dust collector
CN106669319A (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-17 郭绍华 Filter for air purification
US10350529B2 (en) 2012-06-21 2019-07-16 Entegris, Inc. Filtration article with fluoropolymer knit
TWI766104B (en) * 2017-09-22 2022-06-01 日商日東電工股份有限公司 Air filter media, filter pleats and air filter units

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103100269A (en) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-15 洛阳盛洁环保工程有限公司 Special filter bag for melamine hot-gas filter
CN103100269B (en) * 2011-11-10 2016-08-24 洛阳盛瑞环保科技有限公司 A kind of special filter bag of tripolycyanamide hot-air filter
US10350529B2 (en) 2012-06-21 2019-07-16 Entegris, Inc. Filtration article with fluoropolymer knit
CN104487161A (en) * 2012-07-23 2015-04-01 W·L·戈尔及同仁股份有限公司 Filtration article with fluoropolymer knit
CN103623649A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-03-12 南通江潮纤维制品有限公司 High-temperature resistant flame-retardant dust removal bag
CN104107595A (en) * 2014-06-27 2014-10-22 江苏新科达滤袋有限公司 Filter bag specialized for kiln tail in cement industry, and preparation method for filter bag material
CN104275049A (en) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-14 滁州友林科技发展有限公司 Dust removal bag of environmental-friendly dust collector
CN104275049B (en) * 2014-09-28 2015-12-30 滁州友林科技发展有限公司 A kind of dust settling pocket of environmental protection dust-precipitator
CN104857782A (en) * 2015-06-13 2015-08-26 黄浩 Double-layered efficient bag dust collector
CN106669319A (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-17 郭绍华 Filter for air purification
TWI766104B (en) * 2017-09-22 2022-06-01 日商日東電工股份有限公司 Air filter media, filter pleats and air filter units

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Application publication date: 20110105