CN101925423A - Method for manufacturing outward-flanged metallic member - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing outward-flanged metallic member Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101925423A
CN101925423A CN200980103311.8A CN200980103311A CN101925423A CN 101925423 A CN101925423 A CN 101925423A CN 200980103311 A CN200980103311 A CN 200980103311A CN 101925423 A CN101925423 A CN 101925423A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
forging die
blank
outward flange
flange portion
moulding
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Granted
Application number
CN200980103311.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101925423B (en
Inventor
小林一登
小山宽
安田裕
春菜雄介
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of CN101925423A publication Critical patent/CN101925423A/en
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Publication of CN101925423B publication Critical patent/CN101925423B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/40—Making machine elements wheels; discs hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K23/00—Making other articles
    • B21K23/04—Making other articles flanged articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a method for manufacturing an outward-flanged metallic member. When a metallic member having outward flange portions extending radially outward from a plurality of circumferential portions of the outer circumference is to be manufactured, the method can form no burr or can reduce the number of burrs. A metallic material (15) is surrounded by a fixed die (21) and a movable die (22). With the leading end face of the movable die (22) and the leading end face of the fixed die (21) being made to abut against each other, the material (15) is pushed warmly or hotly at the axial end face thereof by a punch (23) so that a portion of the material (15) fills the inside of a flange forming cavity (32), thereby to form outward flange portions (7a).

Description

The manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of as the rail wheel parts that constitute wheel-support rolling bearing unit, be the manufacture method with the metal member made of outward flange portion foreign steamer or the wheel hub, that outward flange portion is set on outer peripheral face.
Background technology
Can be supported on the knuckle as suspension arrangement with the disk of rotary part or drum for the wheel that will constitute automotive wheel and as braking with rotating freely, and widely-used wheel-support rolling bearing unit.Figure 21 shows the example of wheel-support rolling bearing unit 1 of driven pulley (trailing wheel of the front-wheel of FR car and MR car, the FF car) usefulness of current likewise known.This wheel-support rolling bearing unit 1 is via a plurality of rotary bodies 4,4, can rotate freely ground supporting wheel hub 3 at the internal side diameter of foreign steamer 2.Under user mode, foreign steamer 2 is engaged and is fixed on the knuckle, at wheel hub 3 upper support fixing vehicle wheels and braking rotary part.And, these wheels and the braking with rotary part can with respect to knuckle rotate freely supported.
On the inner peripheral surface of foreign steamer 2, be formed with wheel track 5,5 outside the multiple row.In addition, (being meant a side that under user mode, becomes the width of car body central side with respect to axial inboard, being meant a side in the width outside that under user mode, becomes car body with respect to the axial outside at the outer peripheral face of foreign steamer 2 near axially inboard part.Identical in the full text of this specification) to form outward flange portion be installation portion 6.
On the outer peripheral face of wheel hub 3, be formed with multiple row inner track wheel road 8,8.In addition, compare on the part of the close outer end that protrudes from the axial outside with foreign steamer 2, be formed for the support fixation wheel and braking is a support lugn 7 with the outward flange portion of rotary part at the outer peripheral face of wheel hub 3.And, between the inner track wheel road 8,8 of the outer wheel track 5,5 of foreign steamer 2 and wheel hub 3, a plurality of rolling elements 4 of configuration on each track, thus, wheel hub 3 can be supported on the internal side diameter of foreign steamer 2 with rotating freely.
In addition, wheel hub 3 is made of hub body 9, interior wheel 10 and nut 11, and the pars intermedia that inner track wheel road 8,8 is formed at hub body 9 reaches on the outer peripheral face of interior wheel 10.In addition, the state on the path stage portion 12 that the close axial inner ends that interior wheel 10 is embedded in hub body 9 in addition partly upward forms is fixed on the hub body 9 by nut 11.In addition, likewise known is fixed on interior wheel 10 by the caulking part on the inner end that is formed at hub body 9 structure on the hub body 9.
And foreign steamer 2 or hub body 9 etc. are a kind of promptly with the rail wheel parts of outward flange with the metal member made of outward flange portion, and metal materials such as carbon steel are implemented plastic working and made.For the method for this plastic working, current likewise known for example has the method according to patent documentation 1,2 etc.
Figure 22 illustrates the state of making hub body 9 by plastic working (forging between temperature or between heat).At first, cut off with specific length, thereby obtain the columned blank 13 shown in (A) by the rectangular raw material that will utilize manufacturing such as calendaring molding.Then, by the upsetting operation that this blank 13 is crushed vertically, form the first middle blank 14 of the beer barrel shape shown in (B).Then, by the preformed operation, form the second middle blank 15 shown in (C), described preformed operation is: with axial half part (Lower Half of Figure 22 of this first middle blank 14, axially interior half one of the hub body 9 after finishing) is pressed in the mould (forging die) of inner peripheral surface shape, the above-mentioned axially external diameter of half part is reduced with regulation.Then, by fine finishining moulding operation, form the 3rd middle blank 16 shown in (D), described fine finishining moulding operation is: under the state in the forging die that this second middle blank 15 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface shape with regulation, punch is pressed against on the axial other end (upper surface of Figure 22, the axial outer end face of the hub body 9 after finishing) of blank 15 in the middle of second, make this axial other end recessed, and, the metal material that constitutes blank 15 in the middle of second is flowed to radial outside.And, because in the middle of the 3rd, in the blank 16, be formed with flash 17 at the bearing surface place that is positioned at forging die, thus remove this flash 17 by deburring, thus form the 4th middle blank 18 shown in (E).Then, the 4th middle blank 18 is implemented the machining and the attrition process of regulation, thereby form hub body 9.
As the support lugn 7 of the hub body 9 of manufacturing as implied above, the discoideus parts shown in current common use Figure 23 (A).Forming under the situation of discoideus support lugn 7 by the fine finishining moulding operation shown in Figure 22 (C) → (D), above-mentioned flash 17 produces on the whole circumference of the outer peripheral edges of support lugn 7.Because the width of this flash 17 is narrow and small, the waste material amount of being removed when above-mentioned deburring is few, so limited the deterioration of the yield rate of material.In addition, can more easily make the what is called that needs the flash of removal can not produce not have burr processing.
On the other hand, in recent years, in order to improve to take and to feel or riding stability is the driving performance of starting point by reducing non-suspension load, perhaps by reducing Master Cost with cutting down cost etc., thereby consider to use the hub body 9a that radial support lugn 7a is set shown in Figure 23 (B) on outer peripheral face.
And, if be provided with the hub body 9a that this arranges the support lugn 7a of a plurality of protuberances 19,19 radially in order to make, and carry out the fine finishining moulding operation shown in (C) → (D) of Figure 22, then shown in Figure 22 (D) and Figure 24 (A), form bigger flash 17,17a.That is, not only in the outer peripheral edges portion of each protuberance 19,19 that constitutes support lugn 7a, and also can form flash 17,17a between the adjacent in a circumferential direction protuberance 19,19.Bigger like this flash 17,17a utilize and carry out deburring among (A) → (B) of (D) → (E), Figure 24 of Figure 22 and remove after above-mentioned fine finishining moulding operation, and be discarded as waste material sheet 20.For this waste material sheet 20, even utilize owing to putting together, also the yield rate deterioration owing to material becomes the main cause that causes cost to rise again, and therefore, many these situations of its quantitative change are not preferred.
In addition, the problems referred to above are not limited to be manufactured on the situation of the hub body 9a that radial support lugn 7a is set on the outer peripheral face, also be present in forge between by heat or temperature between forge that to make outer peripheral face shown in Figure 25 (A), (B) non-circular and be formed with the situation of foreign steamer 2 of the installation portion 6 of outward flange shape.
Patent documentation 1: the spy of Japan opens the 2006-111070 communique
Patent documentation 2: the spy of Japan opens the 2005-83513 communique
Summary of the invention
The present invention In view of the foregoing proposes, its purpose is to provide a kind of manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, its a plurality of positions at the circumferencial direction that is manufactured on outer peripheral face have when radial outside extends the metal member made of the outward flange portion that is provided with, can not produce flash, perhaps reduce the generation of flash.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes by following structure.
(1) a kind of manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, should have the metal member made of outward flange portion in the axial part of outer peripheral face, has the outward flange portion that protrudes from radial outside separately in a plurality of positions of circumferencial direction, the manufacture method that should have the metal member made of outward flange portion is characterised in that, has following operation: the operation of preparing forging die and punch, wherein, described forging die comprises fixing forging die and is set to apply movable forging die towards the state of the elastic force of the direction of described fixedly forging die, be formed for processing the flange moulding cavity of described outward flange portion by in described fixedly forging die and the described movable forging die at least one, described punch can run through in the described movable forging die and move; And utilize described forging die surround metal blank around, under the state with the top end face butt of the top end face of described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die, the operation of carrying out plastic deformation utilizing described punch to push the axial end of described blank down between temperature or between heat
Described plastic deformation operation is full of described flange moulding with in the cavity by a part that makes described blank, and forms described outward flange portion.
(2) according to (1) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that, make described movable forging die is formed following size to the elastic force of pushing towards the direction of described fixedly forging die, that is, also can keep state under with the state in the cavity with described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt even be full of described flange moulding at described blank.
(3) according to (1) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that, make described movable forging die is formed following size to the elastic force of pushing towards the direction of described fixedly forging die, promptly, the decline of described punch be can be accompanied by and described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt made, but under the state in described blank has been full of described flange moulding usefulness cavity, can't stop described movable forging die to float from described fixedly forging die, enter until described blank described flange moulding with inside cavity midway till state under, add the frictional force of abutting part between the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral face that acts on described blank and described movable forging die based on described elastic force, make described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt, described blank thereafter is full of described flange moulding with in the process in the cavity, utilize described elastic force and described frictional force to add to be configured in the elastic force of the elastomeric element around the described punch, keep the state of described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt.
(4) according to (3) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that described elastomeric element is the plate-like leaf spring.
(5) according to (3) or (4) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that, with described movable forging die can utilize deadweight be arranged on displacement downwards described punch around, omit described movable forging die to the elastic force of pushing towards the direction of described fixedly forging die.
(6) according to each described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion in (1) to (5), it is characterized in that, metal member made with outward flange portion is the hub body that constitutes wheel-support rolling bearing unit, in outer peripheral face from the outside vertically part of described outward flange portion, be provided with inner track wheel road and the path stage portion that is used for the interior wheel of outer embedding miscellaneous part, as described fixedly forging die, use the forging die that is provided with the cavity that is used to form described inner track wheel road and described path stage portion.
(7) according to each described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion in (1) to (5), it is characterized in that, metal member made with outward flange portion is the foreign steamer that formation wheel-support rolling bearing unit and inner peripheral surface have the outer wheel track of multiple row, the manufacture method that should have the metal member made of outward flange portion has following operation: utilize a pair of punch to push described blank and make its plastic deformation from axial both sides, axial both ends are formed the cylindrical portion that has with the corresponding inner peripheral surface shape of outer peripheral face shape of described a pair of punch, simultaneously, the described outward flange of formation portion on the outer peripheral face of described cylindrical portion.
(8) according to each described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion in (1) to (7), it is characterized in that, as described blank, use has more than or equal to the blank that is used on the outer peripheral face of described cylindrical portion forming the required volume of described outward flange portion, be full of by a part that makes described blank and be positioned at by described fixedly forging die, described flange moulding in the part that described movable forging die and described punch surround is with in the cavity, thereby form described outward flange portion, then, by continuing to utilize described punch to push described blank, described movable forging die is floated from the corresponding amount of the residual volume amount of described fixedly forging die and described blank, thereby form flash in the outer peripheral edges portion of described outward flange portion.
(9) according to (1) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that, described movable forging die has in the position corresponding with the leading section of described outward flange portion and is used to slot part that described blank is overflowed, in described plastic deformation operation, enter described slot part by the overlap that makes described outward flange portion, and form described outward flange portion.
(10) according to (1) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that, described preparatory process also has the fine finishining forging die, this fine finishining comprises fixedly forging die of fine finishining with forging die, with have the movable forging die of fine finishining that is used to make the slot part that described blank overflows in the position corresponding with the leading section of described outward flange portion, utilize described fine finishining with fixedly forging die and described fine finishining with in the movable forging die at least one, be formed for another flange moulding cavity that described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding, with forging die the blank that forms described outward flange portion is carried out punching press by using described fine finishining, make the overlap of described outward flange portion enter described slot part, thereby described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding.
(11) according to (9) or (10) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that described slot part forms round-shaped.
(12) according to (1) the described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that, described preparatory process also has the fine finishining forging die, this fine finishining comprises fine finishining fixedly forging die and the movable forging die of fine finishining with forging die, utilize described fine finishining with fixedly forging die and described fine finishining with in the movable forging die at least one, be formed for another flange moulding cavity that described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding, with forging die the blank that forms described outward flange portion is carried out punching press by using described fine finishining, make the compression on thickness direction of described outward flange portion, thereby described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding.
In addition, process between so-called temperature, be meant the plastic working of the metal that in 600～900 ℃ scope, carries out, process between so-called heat, be meant the plastic working of the metal that under the temperature higher, carries out than this.Cold the processing relative therewith, that described patent documentation 1 is put down in writing is meant the plastic working of the metal that carries out at normal temperatures.In manufacture method of the present invention, because under the condition metal materials such as carbon steel are being processed between temperature or between heat,, can process the shape of complexity so compare with cold, and, can suppress the required load of processing lower.That is, under the situation of carbon steel, though also according to carbon content and difference, usually 200～more than or equal to 400 ℃ zone in ductility improve, can reduce the required load of plastic working.Under situation of the present invention, owing in the temperature (more than or equal to 600 ℃) that improves more than or equal to above-mentioned ductility, make the metal material plastic deformation, thus as noted above, can process the shape of complexity with underload.
The effect of invention
According to the manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion of the present invention, can be provided with the metal member made of complicated outward flange portion with underload processing.And, outstanding and form when making outer peripheral edges be shaped as non-circular outward flange portion to radial outside respectively in a plurality of positions that make circumferencial direction, can reduce the generation of flash.That is, by do not form flash between outward flange portion, perhaps outward flange portion is complex-shaped etc., thereby even hypothesis is having to form under the situation of flash, the flash that also only forms less (width is narrow) gets final product.Therefore, because can will utilize the amount of the metal material of having to discard of removals such as deburring to suppress lessly, so can realize reduction with the manufacturing cost of the metal member made of outward flange portion as waste material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be the explanation metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention manufacture method first embodiment operation, from the profile of blank blank in the middle of final.
Fig. 2 is used to illustrate for the second middle blank shown in Figure 1 being processed into the profile of the fine finishining moulding operation of final middle blank.
Fig. 3 be the explanation metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention manufacture method second embodiment operation, from the profile of blank blank in the middle of final.
Fig. 4 is used to illustrate for the second middle blank shown in Figure 3 being processed into the profile of the second upsetting operation of blank in the middle of the 3rd.
Fig. 5 is the operation of the 3rd embodiment that is used for illustrating the manufacture method of the metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention, for blank in the middle of second is processed into final in the middle of the profile of fine finishining moulding operation of blank.
Fig. 6 is used to illustrate the carrying out that follows processing and the curve map and the profile that are applied to the power of the above-below direction on the movable forging die.
Fig. 7 is the X portion enlarged drawing that is used to illustrate Fig. 6 (C) of the power that applies to movable forging die from metal material.
Fig. 8 be the explanation metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention manufacture method the 4th embodiment operation, from the profile of blank blank in the middle of final.
Fig. 9 is used to illustrate for the second middle blank shown in Figure 8 being processed into the profile of the fine finishining moulding operation of blank in the middle of the 3rd.
Figure 10 be Fig. 9 the 3rd in the middle of the amplification profile of installation portion periphery of blank.
Figure 11 is the amplification inclinating view of upside forging die shown in Figure 9.
Figure 12 is the major part amplification profile that is used to illustrate the situation of making the metal member made that makes the outward flange portion with complicated shape that flash or overlap can not produce.
Figure 13 be the explanation metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention manufacture method the 5th embodiment operation, from the profile of blank blank in the middle of final.
Figure 14 is used to illustrate for the first middle blank shown in Figure 13 being processed into the profile of the preformed operation of blank in the middle of second.
Figure 15 is used to illustrate for the second middle blank shown in Figure 13 being processed into the profile of the fine finishining moulding operation of blank in the middle of the 3rd.
Figure 16 be the explanation metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention manufacture method the 6th embodiment operation, from the profile of blank blank in the middle of final.
Figure 17 is used to illustrate for the first middle blank shown in Figure 16 being processed into the profile of the preformed operation of blank in the middle of second.
Figure 18 is used to illustrate for the second middle blank shown in Figure 16 being processed into the profile of the fine finishining moulding operation of blank in the middle of the 3rd.
Figure 19 be the explanation metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention manufacture method the 7th embodiment operation, from the profile of blank blank in the middle of final.
Figure 20 be the explanation metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention manufacture method the 8th embodiment operation, from the profile of blank blank in the middle of final.
Figure 21 is that expression has the profile of an example that the metal member made with outward flange portion as the object of manufacture method of the present invention is the wheel-support rolling bearing unit of hub body and foreign steamer.
Figure 22 is the profile of operation that is used to illustrate the manufacture method of existing hub body.
Figure 23 is illustrated in the oblique view of two examples that outer peripheral face has the hub body of support lugn.
Figure 24 is an oblique view of representing to remove the state of the flash that produces with process sequence under the situation that forms radial support lugn.
Figure 25 is illustrated in the oblique view of two examples that outer peripheral face has the foreign steamer of installation portion.
The explanation of label
1 wheel-support rolling bearing unit
2 foreign steamers (with the metal member made of outward flange portion)
3 wheel hubs
4 rolling elements
5 outer wheel track
6 installation portions (outward flange portion)
7 support lugns
7a support lugn (outward flange portion)
8 inner track wheel roads
9 hub bodies
9a hub body (with the metal member made of outward flange portion)
Wheel in 10
11 nuts
12 path stage portion
13,13a blank
14, blank in the middle of the 14a first
Blank in the middle of 15 second
Blank in the middle of 16 the 3rd
17,17a flash
Blank in the middle of 18 the 4th
19 protuberances
20 waste material sheets
21 fixing forging dies
22 movable forging dies
23 punch
24 moulding holes
25,25a, 25b moulding recess
26 installing plates
27 final middle blanks
28 circular depressions
29 circular protrusions
30 circular step faces
31,31a elastomeric element
32,32a flange moulding cavity
Another flange moulding cavity of 32b
33, blank in the middle of 33a, the 33b second
34, blank in the middle of 34a, the 34b the 3rd
Blank in the middle of 35 the 4th
36, the final middle blank of 36a, 36b
37 flashes
38 first circular depressions
39 second circular depressions
40,40a divider wall parts
41 pushing punch
42 counter punch
43 upside forging dies (movable forging die)
44 downside forging dies (fixedly forging die)
45 extruding punch
46 downside cavitys
47 gaps
48 plate-like leaf springs
51,53 slot parts
52,54 overlaps
61 upside forging dies (the movable forging die of fine finishining)
62 downside forging dies (fixedly forging die of fine finishining)
63 extruding punch
The specific embodiment
[first embodiment]
At first, referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 2, first embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, will describe as an example by situation that forge to make aforementioned hub body 9a shown in Figure 23 between heat.
In the present embodiment, at first, by rectangular raw material are cut off with specific length, obtain the columned blank 13 shown in Fig. 1 (A), wherein, described raw material are that the metal material that the iron class alloy as medium carbon steel etc. can quench hardening after plastic working is made by calendering formation etc.Then, by in the upsetting operation that this blank 13 is crushed vertically, form the first barrel-shaped middle blank 14 of the beer shown in (B).Then, by the preformed operation, form the second middle blank 15 shown in (C), described preformed operation is: with axial half part (Lower Half of Fig. 1 of this first middle blank 14, axially interior half one of hub body 9a after finishing) is pressed in the mould (forging die) of inner peripheral surface shape, the above-mentioned axially external diameter of half part is reduced with regulation.In addition, in the present embodiment, this second middle blank 15 is equivalent to blank of the present invention.Operation shown in this Fig. 1 (A) → (C) is identical with the existing manufacture method shown in described Figure 22.
The feature of the manufacture method of present embodiment is the fine finishining moulding operation of Fig. 1 described below (C) → (D).In this fine finishining moulding operation, as shown in Figure 2, forging die 21 and movable forging die 22 surround under the state of blank 15 in the middle of second shown in Fig. 1 (C) using fixedly, utilize punch 23 with this in the middle of second blank 15 crush vertically, form the final middle blank 27 shown in Fig. 1 (D).
Be provided with moulding hole 24 at the fixing central part of forging die 21, this moulding hole 24 have with the hub body 9a that need obtain axially in the corresponding inner peripheral surface shape of half.The inner peripheral surface shape in this moulding hole 24 is carried out plastic working (the feasible metal material that is full of blank 15 in the middle of second) by axially interior half one to the second middle blank 15, thereby make have with finish after hub body 9a axially in half one compare blank 27 in the middle of the profile that has more necessary chipping allowance final axially in half part, become shape and the size that can process.
In addition, on the upper surface of fixing forging die 21, to be formed with moulding with recess 25 to the state of radial outside continuity from the upper end open in moulding hole 24.This moulding part of recess 25 near the axial outer end of the outer peripheral face of hub body 9a, being used to form outward flange of the present invention portion is support lugn 7a, has shape and size with Figure 23 and the 7a of support lugn portion corresponding (only having more the chipping allowance of regulation) shown in Figure 24.In addition, fixedly forging die 21 is fixed in upper surface of the base station that is used to carry out the stamping machine that forges between heat etc.
On the other hand, movable forging die 22 and punch 23 are set at support fixation on the lower surface of the installing plate 26 of the pressure head lower surface of stamping machine etc.Movable forging die 22 is liftably outer be embedded in punch 23 around.Punch 23 engages and fixes with the state along vertical configuration on the lower surface central portion of installing plate 26, is set to run through in the movable forging die 22 and moves up at upper and lower.In addition, the section shape of punch 23 is circular, and its bottom be the corresponding shape of shape with the axial outer end face of final centre blank 27.That is, be formed with in the bottom of punch 23: circular protrusions 29, it is used for forming circular depressions 28 at the central portion of the axial outer end face of final middle blank 27; And circular step face 30, it is arranged at around the base end part of this circular protrusions 29.
In addition, between movable forging die 22 and installing plate 26, be provided with elastomeric elements 31,31 such as collapse coil spring, thus, apply downwards the elastic force of (towards fixing forging die 21) to movable forging die 22.The elastic force of elastomeric element 31,31 is quite big, specifically, though compare lessly downwards with the power that pressure head pushes punch 23, and flow into moulding along with the plastic deformation of blank 15 in the middle of second and the power that movable forging die 22 pushes is upward compared greatly with the metal material of recess 25 (flange moulding described later with cavity 32) interior (state after being full of).Movable forging die 22 is limited by the stop mechanism that is arranged between pressure head and the movable forging die 22 with respect to the slippage of pressure head.
By possessing the forging processing unit (plant) of said fixing forging die 21, movable forging die 22 and punch 23, when blank 15 in the middle of second shown in Fig. 1 (C) is processed in the middle of final shown in Fig. 1 (D) blank 27, at first, shown in Fig. 2 (A), under the state that movable forging die 22 and punch 23 risen, with blank 15 in the middle of second axially in half one be arranged in the moulding hole 24 of fixing forging die 21.Then, if the pressure head by stamping machine descends movable forging die 22 and punch 23, then as Fig. 2 (B) shown in, the movably lower surface of forging die 22 and fixedly the upper surface butt of forging die 21.Under this state, use between the recess 25 at movable forging die 22 and moulding, surround the flange moulding cavity 32 that is used to form support lugn 7a.
Then, if from this state pressure head is descended, then shown in Fig. 2 (C) → (D) → (E), movable forging die 22 is kept stopping on this position, punch 23 descends in each elastomeric element 31,31 strain (compression).Use the lower surface of this punch 23 that the second middle blank 15 is pushed vertically at full tilt.From this beginning of pushing to stage midway, shown in Fig. 2 (B) → (C) → (D), make the central portion depression of the axial outer end face of blank 15 in the middle of second on one side, axial interior half one with blank 15 in the middle of second is pressed into moulding hole 24 on one side.Thus, the external surface shape of axial interior half one of the second middle blank 15 is processed to the external surface shape of axial interior half one of final middle blank 27.
In addition, shown in Fig. 2 (B), from surrounding the state of flange moulding with cavity 32, if utilize pressure head that punch 23 is further descended, then axially interior half one of the second middle blank 15 collapses under pressure vertically, its result, the metal material that constitutes blank 15 in the middle of second is admitted to flange moulding cavity 32 shown in Fig. 2 (C) → (D) → (E).Its result, acquisition has the final middle blank 27 of radial support lugn 7a.Therefore, utilize pressure head that movable forging die 22 and punch 23 risen, by not shown stripper pin etc., with the taking-up from the moulding hole 24 of fixing forging die 21 of blank 27 in the middle of final.Be sent to next operation from the final middle blank 27 of fixedly forging die 21 taking-ups, implement the machining and the attrition process of regulation, and form Figure 23 and hub body 9a shown in Figure 24.
As described above, according to present embodiment, owing between the support lugn 7a that is arranged on the final middle blank 27, can not form flash (non-trimming), so, can realize the reduction of manufacturing cost by raising finished material rate.In addition, because do not need to remove the operation of flash and be used for the mould of this operation, so can realize reduction with the metal member made manufacturing cost of outward flange portion.And, because can load with the punching press that the amount that does not form unnecessary flash correspondingly reduces when forging, so can use small-sized stamping machine, can reduce operating cost by reducing the consumption energy, can realize reduction with the metal member made manufacturing cost of outward flange portion.
[second embodiment]
Below, with reference to Fig. 3 to Fig. 4, second embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, will describe as an example by forging the situation make described foreign steamer 2 shown in Figure 25 between heat.
In the present embodiment, shown in Fig. 3 (A), after the iron class alloy such to medium carbon steel, bearing steel, carburizing steel etc. carries out plastic working, obtain can quench hardening metal rounding column blank 13a, order is implemented plastic working or stamping-out processing.Then, through blank 35 in the middle of the 4th shown in blank 34, (E) in the middle of the 3rd shown in blank 33, (D) in the middle of second shown in the middle blank 14a of first shown in (B), (C), obtain the final middle blank 36 shown in (F).Then, blank in the middle of final 36 is implemented necessary machining and attrition process, make foreign steamer 2.In the middle of the volume of blank 13a and the 4th the original volume of blank 35 bigger (with the 4th in the middle of blank 35 compare the cubical content that has more flash 37 described later).
Below, the operation that blank 13a is processed into final middle blank 36 is described in order.In addition, following processing is all being carried out between heat or under between temperature basically, still, forming under the small-sized situations such as wheel-support rolling bearing unit, if possible also can process by cold.
At first, in the upsetting operation, shown in Fig. 3 (A) → (B), and meanwhile with the blank 13a hole enlargement of crushing vertically, make blank 13a form beer barrel shape that pars intermedia radially expands first in the middle of blank 14a.
Then, in the preformed operation, shown in Fig. 3 (B) → (C), the first middle blank 14a plastic working is become the second middle blank 33.In this preformed operation, utilization is in the method for forging the manufacture field likewise known, the part of the close radial center of blank 14a in the middle of first of crushing vertically, this metal material near the radial center part is moved to radial outside on one side, to axial both sides (former and later two direction) move on one side.In addition, in the present embodiment, this second middle blank 33 is equivalent to blank of the present invention.
Blank 33 has in first circular depressions 38 of an axial end face (upper surface of Fig. 3) side opening and in second circular depressions 39 of axial other end (lower surface of Fig. 3) side opening be present in divider wall parts 40 between the bottom surface of these circular depressions 38,39 in the middle of second.In the present embodiment, being shaped as of first circular depressions 38 makes big open side half one of little interior half one of internal diameter and internal diameter continuous by stage portion, has the shape of step thereby form.Therefore, as the pushing punch, use little, the latter half of external diameter of the external diameter of first half big and have a punch of step.
Then, in fine finishining moulding operation as the feature of present embodiment, blank 33 plastic workings in the middle of second are become the 3rd in the middle of blank 34.This fine finishining moulding operation is used fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 4 and is carried out.
This fine finishining moulding device has respectively: pushing punch 41 and counter punch 42, and they are equivalent to a pair of punch; Upside forging die 43, it is equivalent to movable forging die; Downside forging die 44, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die; And extruding punch 45.
Upside forging die 43 can be supported up and down with respect to this pressure head on the lower surface of the pressure head of stamping machine, has the elastomeric element 31,31 of big elastic force by collapse coil spring etc., is applied in the big elastic force towards the below.In addition, upside forging die 43 is limited by the stop mechanism that is arranged between pressure head and the upside forging die 43 with respect to the slippage of pressure head.In addition, ascending amount for example is limited by the lower surface of pressure head and the upper surface butt of upside forging die 43.Therefore, upside forging die 43 in the normal state with pressure head one lifting, but under the situation that has applied the bigger power that makes progress, resist the elastic force of each elastomeric element 31,31 and rise with respect to pressure head.
In addition, pushing punch 41 runs through under the state in the upside forging die 43 along the vertical direction, fixes with respect to pressure head.Therefore, upside forging die 43 can be supported movably along the vertical direction around pushing punch 41.And, when pressure head descends, before effectively seizing the divider wall parts 40 of blank 33 in the middle of second on both sides by the arms between the upper surface of lower surface that pushes punch 41 and counter punch 42, the upper surface butt of the lower surface of upside forging die 43 and downside forging die 44.Then, if pressure head continues to descend from this state, then upside forging die 43 is parked on this position, has only pushing punch 41 to descend with pressure head, and each elastomeric element 31,31 carries out strain.
On the other hand, counter punch 42 and downside forging die 44 are fixed on the upper surface of brace table of stamping machine with one heart, downside cavity 46 is set each other, its have with the 3rd in the middle of the inner surface configuration of external surface shape corresponding (concavo-convex opposite) of axially outer half one of blank 34.Counter punch 42 and downside forging die 44 can the displacements along with the carrying out of fine finishining moulding operation.
And extruding punch 45 is cylindric, is partitioned into the bottom of downside cavity 46 by its upper surface.Extruding punch 45 is liftably supported with respect to the brace table of stamping machine.And, under the state that descends fully of extruding punch 45, the inner surface configuration of downside cavity 46 become with the 3rd in the middle of blank 34 (blank 35 in the middle of the 4th) axially outside the corresponding shape of external surface shape of half one.
And in the present embodiment, the leading section of pushing punch 41 and the leading section of counter punch 42 all form the continuous shape with step of large-diameter portion that makes the minor diameter part and the close cardinal extremity of close front end face by stage portion.In addition, locate, form the moulding recess 25a that protrudes from radial outside separately with state from the upper surface depression of downside forging die 44 in a plurality of positions of circumferencial direction (for example 4 positions) of the upper end of downside cavity 46.
And, by using fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 4 to carry out fine finishining moulding operation, in the middle of blank 33 in the middle of second is processed into the 3rd during blank 34, at first, with axially inserting in the downside forging die 44 of blank 33 in the middle of second, make the upper end of counter punch 42 be entrenched in being formed in second circular depressions 39 on the axial outer end face of blank 33 in the middle of second near outer end portion.Then, pressure head is descended, shown in Fig. 4 (A), make pushing punch 41 be entrenched in being formed in first circular depressions 38 on the axial inner ends face of blank 33 in the middle of second, and make the upper surface of downside forging die 44 and the lower surface butt of upside forging die 43.Under this state, corresponding with moulding with recess 25a, between the bearing surface of two forging dies 44,43, surround flange moulding cavity 32a.
Shown in arrow a, a of Fig. 4 (B), (C), if make pressure head continue to descend from this state, then shown in Fig. 4 (A) → (B), upside forging die 43 stops at this position, has only pushing punch 41 to move downwards.Along with this moves, pushing punch 41 pushes the radially middle body of blank 33 in the middle of second vertically, and this part of crushing forms the less divider wall parts 40a of gauge with divider wall parts 40.
The metal material that is extruded by the middle body radially of crushing like this, enter in the downside cavity 46 and this part is formed drum, and, a part is sent to radial outside with cavity 32a towards the flange moulding, forms the installation portion 6 as outward flange portion in cavity 32a is used in the flange moulding.
In addition, in the present embodiment, compare slightly manyly owing to be used to obtain in the middle of the volume and the 4th of the blank 13a of blank 33 in the middle of second blank 35 original volumes, therefore, metal material enters to the corner portion of flange moulding with cavity 32a fully.Therefore, even the installation portion 6 that need process is complex-shaped, also (under the state of guaranteeing form accuracy and dimensional accuracy fully) carries out the processing of this installation portion 6 reliably.
After in metal material is full of flange moulding usefulness cavity 32a, shown in Fig. 4 (C), pushing punch 41 continues to descend fully, if the metal material of q.s is pressed into the flange moulding with in the cavity 32a, then as noted above, with second in the middle of the metal material of blank 33 be remaining amount correspondingly, the flange moulding is risen with the pressure in the cavity 32a, the power that pushes upside forging die 43 upward becomes big.And, if it is bigger than the elastic force of each elastomeric element 31,31 that this power becomes, then upside forging die 43 is resisted the elastic force of these each elastomeric elements 31,31 and is risen shown in arrow b, b among Fig. 4 (C), the upper surface of downside forging die 44 is left in the lower surface of upside forging die 43, between these two end faces, shown in Fig. 4 (C) amplifies, produce gap 47.Like this, enter the flange moulding and enter in the gap 47, on the outer peripheral edges of installation portion 6, form flash 37 with the part of the metal material in the cavity 32a.Its result obtains the 3rd middle blank 34 shown in Fig. 3 (D).The inner peripheral surface of first and second circular depressions 38,39 that forms in the blank 34 in the middle of the 3rd forms and utilizes stage portion to make the continuous cylinder with step of big open side half of the little latter half of and internal diameter of internal diameter planar.
In the present embodiment, under the state that blank 34 machines in the middle of the 3rd, the front end face of two forging dies 43,44 is butt not each other, becomes the state that has gap 47 between these two front end faces.And the surplus that enters metal material in this gap 47 forms flash 37.By after pushing punch 41 and upside forging die 43 are risen, extruding punch 45 is risen, thus blank 34 in the middle of from fine finishining moulding device, taking out the 3rd.And shown in Fig. 3 (D) → (E), stamping-out is removed flash 37, forms the 4th middle blank 35.
And, last as Fig. 3 (E) → (F) shown in, will be present in divider wall parts 40a between two circular depressions 38,39 by punch process etc. and carry out stamping-out and remove, form final middle blank 36.It is thicker that foreign steamer 2 (with reference to the double dot dash line of Fig. 3 (D)～(F)) after being somebody's turn to do final middle blank 36 and finishing is compared wall portion.Therefore, this final middle blank 36 is implemented cutting (turning) processing and the attrition process of regulation, thereby finish foreign steamer 2.
As discussed above, according to present embodiment,, produce flash 37, but this flash 37 is essential less flashes for the form accuracy that improves installation portion 6 along with processing as the installation portion 6 of outward flange portion.Therefore, owing to the yield rate of material is too worsened, the operation of removing flash 37 also is easy to carry out, and therefore, can realize having the reduction of foreign steamer 2 manufacturing costs of installation portion 6.
[the 3rd embodiment]
Below, with reference to Fig. 5～Fig. 7, the 3rd embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, with described first embodiment in the same manner, will utilize forge the situation of making hub body 9a shown in Figure 23 as described between heat and describe as an example.But, in described first and second embodiment, make elastomeric element 31,31 (with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 4) have big elastic force, only utilize the elastic force of this elastomeric element 31,31, during making blank 15 (33) plastic deformations in the middle of second for blank 27 in the middle of final (blank 34 in the middle of the 3rd) (promptly in the terminal stage of manufacturing procedure, metal material is full of the flange moulding with under the state in the cavity 32,32a), movable forging die 22 (upside forging die 43) can not floated from fixing forging die 21 (downside forging die 44).
In the present embodiment, as the elastomeric element 31a that movable forging die 22 is pushed towards fixing forging die 21, use the big but less collapse coil spring of elastic force of flexible stroke downwards.This elastomeric element 31a be embedded in outward the punch 23 that runs through along the vertical direction in the movable forging die 22 from base end part (upper end) to pars intermedia, push the upper face center portion of movable forging die 22 downwards.
The elastic force of elastomeric element 31a for the lower surface that only makes movable forging die 22 along with the decline of punch 23 reliably with the fixing size of the upper surface butt of forging die 21.In other words, the size of the elastic force of elastomeric element 31a forms, metal material be full of the flange moulding with the state in the cavity 32 under, can't stop movable forging die 22 to float from fixing forging die 21.In addition, elastomeric element 31a as described above shown in, also can omit according to the situation that is provided with of movable forging die 22.
As elastomeric element 31a, use the less parts of elasticity, even omit, be with replacing, in the present embodiment, enter until metal material the flange moulding with in the cavity 32 midway till state, be under the state till Fig. 5 (A) → (B) → (C), based on the outer peripheral face that acts on this metal material, frictional force on the abutting part between a part of outer peripheral face till promptly acting on from blank 15 in the middle of second to final middle blank 27 and the inner peripheral surface of movable forging die 22 is (under the situation of using elastomeric element 31a, deadweight for movable forging die 22, the elastic force of elastomeric element 31a and frictional force, under the situation of abridged, only be the deadweight and the frictional force of movable forging die 22), make the lower surface of movable forging die 22 and the fixing upper surface butt of forging die 21.
And, after this, promptly shown in Fig. 5 (C) → (D), in the process in metal material is full of flange moulding usefulness cavity 32, by (using under the situation of elastomeric element 31a in deadweight and frictional force, elastic force, deadweight and frictional force for elastomeric element 31a) the basis on add elastic force as the plate-like leaf spring 48 of elastomeric element, thereby keep the lower surface of movable forging die 22 and the fixing state of the upper surface butt of forging die 21.This plate-like leaf spring 48 because be positioned at the upper surface of movable forging die 22 and be disposed at punch 23 around, have big elasticity so flexible stroke is short.
Present embodiment adopts the reason of this structure to be, the heat when suppressing to forge between temperature or between heat produces the possibility of fire, and can make the manufacturing installation miniaturization, reduces the manufacturing cost with the metal member made of outward flange portion.Below, describe this reason in detail.
Mould movable forging die 22, so-called floating die structure is set around punch 23 forges and add man-hour using, as being used for movable forging die 22 by being pressed on the fixing forging die 21 and this mould being maintained power blocked state under, consideration utilizes the pressing force (elastic force) of oil cylinder or collapse coil spring usually.But, the manufacture method of the metal member made with outward flange portion of the present invention is owing to plan to adopt between temperature or forge between heat, therefore, as described above shown in, reach 600～900 ℃ during the temperature of machined object is processed between temperature, the situation of forging between heat is issued to more than or equal to 600～900 ℃.Even it is so hot that the surface of mould is not a machined object, also has quite high temperature.Therefore, if action oil leaks from oil cylinder, this action oil touches high-temperature part, then may initiation fire.So, preferably do not utilize oil cylinder with inaccessible mould.
On the other hand, under the situation of collapse coil spring, be difficult to take into account and guarantee flexible stroke and guarantee elastic force.For example, manufacturing method according to the invention, under the situation that the hub body that constitutes the wheel-support rolling bearing unit that passenger car uses is processed, needed inaccessible power (power that movable forging die 22 is pushed to fixing forging die 21) reaches several 100kN～1000kN (degree of several 10tf～100tf).In addition, utilizing the collapse coil spring to obtain under the situation of this power, the needed flexible stroke of this collapse coil spring (the flexible stroke between the state shown in the state shown in Fig. 2 (B) and this Fig. 2 (E)) is number 10mm degree.The collapse coil spring that has the elastic force of the degree that can obtain above-mentioned bigger power in the gamut of whole so big flexible stroke is very big or need very many quantity.Its result can't avoid being assembled with the mould of floating die structure of collapse coil spring and the forging processing unit (plant) that this set of molds is contained in the decompressor and maximize.This maximization is owing to the increase of the manufacturing cost that is related to the metal member made of having outward flange portion that utilizes this forging processing unit (plant) manufacturing, and is therefore not preferred.
In view of the foregoing, in the present embodiment, so long as the short spring of effective travel get final product,, only with bigger power movable forging die 22 is flexibly pushed towards fixing forging die 21 forging the terminal stage of processing so utilize small-sized but can obtain the plate-like leaf spring 48 of big elastic force.Promptly, shown in Fig. 5 (A) → (B) → (C), till the starting stage to interstage of forging processing during, specifically, in the middle of second blank 15 to constitute final in the middle of the part of metal material of blank 27 begin to enter till the part of the close internal diameter that the flange moulding uses cavity 32 during, do not rely on discoid plate spring 48 elastic force and with the lower surface of movable forging die 22 by on the upper surface that is pressed in fixing forging die 21.Promptly, until above-mentioned till beginning to enter during, except that the deadweight of movable forging die 22, also the frictional force between the inner peripheral surface of outer peripheral face by acting on metal material and movable forging die 22 is (under the situation of using elastomeric element 31a, elastic force and frictional force for elastomeric element 31a), the decline power that will be passed to punch 23 from the pressure head of press-working apparatus is passed to movable forging die 22, thus with the lower surface of movable forging die 22 by on the upper surface that is pressed in fixing forging die 21.
Then, in terminal stage shown in Fig. 5 (C) → (D), that forge processing, the lower surface of the installing plate 26 of the base end part (upper end) by being arranged at punch 23, and the upper surface of movable forging die 22 between, begin to compress plate-like leaf spring 48.Under this state, (using under the situation of elastomeric element 31a based on frictional force, elastic force and frictional force for elastomeric element 31a) be passed to from punch 23 on the basis of decline power of movable forging die 22, add the elastic force of plate-like leaf spring 48, apply as towards the fixing power of forging die 21 to this movable forging die 22.Its result, even be full of at metal material the flange moulding be applied in the process in the cavity 32 on the movable forging die 22, compare the bigger jacking force of existence in the jacking force that interstage applied shown in (B) → (C) of Fig. 5, also can keep the lower surface that makes movable forging die 22 and the fixing state of the upper surface butt of forging die 21.
As described above, according to present embodiment, even do not use oil cylinder or large-scale collapse coil spring, can in the middle of finally, the outer peripheral edges of the support lugn 7a of blank 27 not produce flash, even if produce smaller (can carry out so-called no flash forges) yet yet.In addition, the situation that plate-like leaf spring 48 is compressed is only in the terminal stage of forging processing, not compressing till the starting stage to interstage shown in Fig. 5 (A) → (B) → (C).Therefore, in the process that pressure head is descended, the stroke of elastic compression plate-like leaf spring 48 is shortened.Therefore, owing to need not, so can be by economizing the reduction that can quantize to realize operating cost for elastic compression plate-like leaf spring 48 consumes extra energy.In addition, the flexible stroke of plate-like leaf spring 48 is determined in design according to the shape and size of machined object, if for example under the situation that the hub body that constitutes the wheel-support rolling bearing unit that passenger car uses is processed, then as described later shown in, as long as for the 5mm degree just enough.
Below, the rationale of the manufacture method of present embodiment is described.Shown in Fig. 6 (A) → (B) → (C) → (D), blank 15 is processed in the process of final middle blank 27 in the middle of with second, if the leading section of punch 23 is pushed the upper surface of blank 15 in the middle of second, blank 15 beginning plastic deformations in the middle of second, the outer peripheral face that then constitutes the metal material of blank 15 in the middle of second shown in arrow c, the c of Fig. 7 like that, push the inner peripheral surface of movable forging die 22.Its result produces pressure (vertical resistance) in the abutting part of described two side faces.In other words, the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral face of metal material and movable forging die 22 carries out friction apply.If punch 23 continues to descend (proceeding moulding) from this state, then metal material is towards fixedly forging die 21 is mobile downwards.Therefore, based on the friction apply of above-mentioned two side faces, shown in the arrow d of Fig. 7 like that, movable forging die 22 is pushed downwards towards fixing forging die 21.
Its result, the lower surface of movable forging die 22 is towards the upper surface of fixing forging die 21 butt effectively.That is, utilize the frictional force of metal material self, the inaccessible power that generation remains closed the bearing surface of two forging dies 22,21.Forge between the temperature that the present invention plans to carry out with heat between forge (particularly forging between heat) and compare with cold forging, the coefficient of friction of the abutting part between machined object and the mould (movable forging die 22) is higher.Thus, even only be the frictional force that metal material self is produced, also can obtain the inaccessible power of number 100kN (number 10ft) degree.Therefore, till the starting stage to interstage of forging processing, only utilize above-mentioned frictional force, the bearing surface of two forging dies 22,21 is remained closed.Relative therewith, in the process in metal material is full of flange moulding usefulness cavity 32, shown in arrow e, e among Fig. 7, on movable forging die 22, apply the power of pushing tow direction.And in the terminal stage of processing, the power of this pushing tow direction is compared greatly with the power of utilizing the descent direction shown in the above-mentioned arrow d.Therefore, only use above-mentioned frictional force, become and to keep the bearing surface closure of two forging dies 22,21.
Fig. 6 (E) shows carrying out shown in (A) → (B) → (C) → (D) that be accompanied by Fig. 6, blank 15 processing of blank 27 in the middle of final in the middle of second and result that the power of the above-below direction that applies at movable forging die 22 utilizes finite element analysis to obtain.In the line chart of Fig. 6 (E), transverse axis is represented the stroke (shown in Fig. 6 (D), punch 23 is from dropping to the ascending amount that the state of process finishing till constantly begins) of punch 23, and unit is mm.In addition, the longitudinal axis represents to be applied to the size of the power of the ascent direction on the movable forging die 22, and unit is tf (kN/9.8).This power is for the power of negative (-) direction of pushing movable forging die 22 based on above-mentioned frictional force downwards with by having entered the power sum of flange moulding with just (+) direction that pushes movable forging die 22 upward of the generation of the metal materials in the cavity 32.If the size as the power of the ascent direction of the power sum of this two direction is negative (-), then be such state: make the power of the bearing surface closure of two forging dies 22,21 based on above-mentioned frictional force, surpass by having entered the power that pushes movable forging die 22 upward of flange moulding with the generation of the metal materials in the cavity 32.In this state, even do not apply the inaccessible power that is produced by spring etc. to movable forging die 22, bearing surface can not opened yet.
Relative therewith, if the size of the power of ascent direction is just (+), then be such state:, surpass the power that makes the bearing surface closure of two forging dies 22,21 based on above-mentioned frictional force by having entered the power that pushes movable forging die 22 upward that the flange moulding produces with the metal material in the cavity 32.In this state, not when movable forging die 22 applies the inaccessible power that is produced by spring etc., bearing surface is opened.But, value when being the position of line of 0tf by the size that is applied to the power on the movable forging die 22 according to the curve shown in the line chart of Fig. 6 (E) in this line chart can be clear and definite, with the situation that movable forging die 22 pushes upward, the stroke that only limits to punch 23 in the terminal stage of manufacturing procedure is positioned at the scope of remaining 1.5mm degree.
For example, under the situation that the hub body of the wheel-support rolling bearing unit that the formation passenger car is used is processed, whole strokes of punch 23 reach the 30mm degree, but the situation of pushing plate-like leaf spring 48 gets final product at last 1.5mm (all 1/20 of strokes).Even it is there is nargin, also enough in last 3.0mm (all strokes 1/10).In addition, even there is nargin, just enough if the elastic force of plate-like leaf spring 48 is 980kN (100tf) degree.In addition, if because plate-like leaf spring 48 collapses under pressure fully, and then durability suffers damage, therefore, preferably compare flexible stroke and have nargin with the scope of application.In this case, as long as have about 5mm just enough.As elastic force is that 980kN degree and flexible stroke are the plate-like leaf spring of 5mm degree, and the not king-sized small-sized plate-like leaf spring of volume (for example, axial width is the 30mm degree) can easily be provided.According to this situation, according to present embodiment, making the mould of floating die structure and make this set of molds is contained in forging processing unit (plant) miniaturization lightweight in the decompressor, is favourable from the angle of the reduction of the manufacturing cost of the metal member made of having outward flange portion of realizing utilizing this forgings processing unit (plant) manufacturing.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the maximum (70tf) of line chart of elasticity rate Fig. 6 (E) of plate-like leaf spring 48 is smaller (to diminish inaccessible power if make, for example, if be set at 30～50tf degree), then in the terminal stage of processing, though the lower surface that makes movable forging die 22 floats slightly from the fixing upper surface of forging die 21, and on the outer peripheral edges of support lugn 7a, produce a little flash, but also can form complex-shaped support lugn 7a accurately.
[the 4th embodiment]
Below, with reference to Fig. 8～Figure 11, the 4th embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, forge the situation of making described foreign steamer 2 shown in Figure 25 and describe as an example utilizing between heat.In addition,, mark identical label in the accompanying drawings, and omit or simplify this explanation for part identical with the 1st～the 3rd embodiment or that be equal to.
In the present embodiment, implement plastic working or stamping-out processing in turn by blank 13a to the metal rounding column shown in Fig. 8 (A), thereby through blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd shown in blank 33, (D) in the middle of second shown in blank 14a, (C) in the middle of first shown in (B), and obtain blank 36a in the middle of final shown in (E), to the machining and the attrition process of this final middle blank 36a enforcement regulation, make foreign steamer 2.In addition, in the present embodiment, the second middle blank 33 is equivalent to blank of the present invention.
Below, the operation that blank 13a is processed into final middle blank 36a is described in order.In addition, following processing is all being carried out between heat or under between temperature basically, and is still inferior in the situation that forms small-sized wheel-support rolling bearing unit, if possible also can process by cold.
At first, in the upsetting operation, shown in Fig. 8 (A) → (B), and meanwhile make the blank 13a expanded outer diameter of crushing vertically, with blank 13a form beer barrel shape that axial pars intermedia expands first in the middle of blank 14a.
Then, in the preformed operation, shown in Fig. 8 (B) → (C), the first middle blank 14a plastic working is become the second middle blank 33.In this preformed operation, utilization is in the method for forging the manufacture field likewise known, crush vertically blank 14a in the middle of first near the part of central authorities radially, the metal material of this close radially middle body is moved to radial outside on one side, to axial both sides (former and later two direction) move on one side.In addition, in the present embodiment, also can omit this preformed operation.
Then, in fine finishining moulding operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Fig. 8 (C) → (D), blank 33 plastic workings in the middle of second are become the 3rd in the middle of blank 34.This fine finishining moulding operation uses fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 9 to carry out.
This fine finishining moulding device has respectively: pushing punch 41 and counter punch 42, and they are equivalent to a pair of punch; Upside forging die 43, it is equivalent to movable forging die; Downside forging die 44, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die; Extruding punch 45; Elastomeric element 31a, it is disposed between the upper surface of the lower surface of installing plate 26 of pushing punch 41 and upside forging die 43, is embedded in base end part from pushing punch 41 outward to pars intermedia; And plate-like leaf spring 48, the upper surface that it is positioned at downside forging die 44, be disposed at the pushing punch 41 around.And, be formed with moulding recess 25a in the upper surface of downside forging die 44, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 43 and downside forging die 44, surround flange moulding cavity 32a.
And, as Fig. 9～shown in Figure 11, on the lower surface of the upside forging die 43 of present embodiment, form slot part 51, it is used for overflowing making as the metal material of blank with the corresponding position of leading section as the installation portion 6 of outward flange portion, this slot part 51 overlook form under the observation round-shaped.In addition, slot part 51 can not be above-mentioned round-shaped yet, and only forms in the position corresponding with the leading section of installation portion 6 under upside and downside forging die 43,44 have carried out situation that phase place cooperates.In addition, chain-dotted line shown in Figure 11 is represented the trim line of foreign steamer 2.
Therefore, in the fine finishining moulding operation of present embodiment, by using fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 9 that the second middle blank 33 is carried out plastic working, thus, the overlap 52 of the 3rd middle blank 34a enters the slot part 51 of upside forging die 43 and forms installation portion 6.Therefore,, metal material uses till the corner portion of cavity 32a because entering to the flange moulding fully, so, even the installation portion 6 that need process is complex-shaped, can not produce flash yet, can form installation portion 6 reliably.In addition, because overlap 52 is by the machining and the attrition process removal of aftermentioned regulation, so need not to prepare separately to remove the operation of overlap 52.
Then, in blank operation, shown in Fig. 8 (D) → (E), utilize punch process etc. to carry out stamping-out by the divider wall parts 40a between first and second circular depressions 38,39 that will be present in blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd and remove, thereby in the middle of making the 3rd blank 34a become final in the middle of blank 36a.
And, since in the middle of final blank 36a with finish after foreign steamer 2 (with reference to the chain-dotted line of Figure 10) to compare wall portion thicker, so, process and attrition process by the cutting (turning) of implementing regulation, thereby finish foreign steamer 2.
Shown in top explanation, according to present embodiment, be provided for making the slot part 51 of blank (metal material) effusion in upside forging die 43 position corresponding with the leading section of installation portion 6, in fine finishining moulding operation, because entering slot part 51 by the overlap 52 that makes installation portion 6 forms installation portion 6, therefore, flash can be do not produced, the installation portion 6 of complicated shape can be formed reliably.Thus, owing to the amount that can reduce the metal material of having to discard,, can realize the reduction of the manufacturing cost of foreign steamer (with the metal member made of outward flange portion) 2 so can improve the yield rate of material as waste material.In addition, because can load with the punching press that the amount that does not form unnecessary flash correspondingly reduces when forging, so can use small-sized stamping machine, can reduce operating cost by reducing the consumption energy, can realize the reduction of the manufacturing cost of foreign steamer (with the metal member made of outward flange portion) 2.
About other structure and action effect, identical with above-mentioned first～the 3rd embodiment.
But, in the method for not using above-mentioned the 4th embodiment, and make under the situation of the metal member made (foreign steamer 2, hub body 9a) with the outward flange portion (installation portion 6, support lugn 7a) to the complicated shape of the bigger protrusion of radial outside, might be as shown in figure 12, in the corner portion of flange moulding position corresponding, produce space S, in this space S, accumulate dirt or lubriation material with cavity 32a (32) with the leading section of installation portion 6 (support lugn 7a).And, under this state, even implement the machining and the attrition process of regulation for the profile (with reference to the chain-dotted line of Figure 12) of the foreign steamer 2 (hub body 9a) after obtaining to finish, also can in installation portion 6 (support lugn 7a), produce the part P of lack of fill, thereby become defective products.Therefore, in the present invention, by in second embodiment, producing very little flash, in the 4th embodiment, overlap is entered the slot part that is formed on the movable forging die, thereby can make the metal member made of outward flange portion with complicated shape.
[the 5th embodiment]
Below, with reference to Figure 13～Figure 15, the 5th embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, forge the situation of making described foreign steamer 2 shown in Figure 25 and describe as an example utilizing between heat.In addition,, mark identical label in the accompanying drawings, and omit or simplify this explanation for part identical with the 1st～the 4th embodiment or that be equal to.
In the present embodiment, implement plastic working or stamping-out processing in turn by blank 13a to the metal rounding column shown in Figure 13 (A), thereby through blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd shown in blank 33a, (D) in the middle of second shown in blank 14a, (C) in the middle of first shown in (B), and obtain blank 36a in the middle of final shown in (E), to the machining and the attrition process of this final middle blank 36a enforcement regulation, make foreign steamer 2.In addition, in the present embodiment, the first middle blank 14a is equivalent to blank of the present invention.
Below, the operation that blank 13a is processed into final middle blank 36a is described in order.In addition, following processing is all being carried out between heat or under between temperature basically, and is still inferior in the situation that forms small-sized wheel-support rolling bearing unit, if possible also can process by cold.
At first, in the upsetting operation, shown in Figure 13 (A) → (B), and meanwhile make the blank 13a expanded outer diameter of crushing vertically, with blank 13a form beer barrel shape that axial pars intermedia expands first in the middle of blank 14a.
Then, in preformed operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 13 (B) → (C), blank 14a plastic working in the middle of first become second in the middle of blank 33a.This preformed operation uses pre-shaping device shown in Figure 14 to carry out.
This pre-shaping device has respectively: pushing punch 41 and counter punch 42, and they are equivalent to a pair of punch; Upside forging die 43, it is equivalent to movable forging die; Downside forging die 44, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die; Extruding punch 45; Elastomeric element 31a, it is disposed between the upper surface of the lower surface of installing plate 26 of pushing punch 41 and upside forging die 43, is embedded in base end part from pushing punch 41 outward to pars intermedia; And plate-like leaf spring 48, the upper surface that it is positioned at downside forging die 44, be disposed at the pushing punch 41 around.And, be formed with moulding recess 25a in the upper surface of downside forging die 44, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 43 and downside forging die 44, surround flange moulding cavity 32a.
And in the present embodiment, the thickness of slab t2 that the flange moulding is set at the installation portion 6 of blank 34a in the middle of the thickness of slab t1 and the 3rd that makes the installation portion 6 of blank 33a in the middle of second with the height h1 of cavity 32a compares slightly thick.
Therefore, in the preformed operation of present embodiment, by using pre-shaping device shown in Figure 14 that blank 14a in the middle of first is carried out plastic working, heavy back forms thereby make the thickness of slab t2 of the installation portion 6 of blank 34a in the middle of the thickness of slab t1 and the 3rd of the installation portion 6 of blank 33a in the middle of second compare slightly.In addition, in this preformed operation, metal material does not need to enter to till the corner portion of flange moulding with cavity 32a, even accumulate dirt and lubriation material is also no problem in the portion of corner.
Below, utilize fine finishining moulding operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 13 (C) → (D), the second middle blank 33a plastic working is become the 3rd middle blank 34a.This fine finishining moulding operation uses fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 15 to carry out.
This fine finishining moulding device has: upside forging die 61, and it is equivalent to the movable forging die of fine finishining; Downside forging die 62, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die of fine finishining; Downside punch 63; And extruding punch 64.
And, in the present embodiment, on the upper surface of downside forging die 62, be formed with moulding recess 25b, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 61 and downside forging die 62, surround another flange moulding cavity 32b.In addition, another flange moulding is set at the height h2 of cavity 32b and compares less with above-mentioned flange moulding with the height h1 of cavity 32a.And, in the present embodiment,, be formed with the slot part 51 that is used to make the metal material effusion in the lower surface of upside forging die 61 position corresponding with the leading section of installation portion 6.
Therefore, in the fine finishining moulding operation of present embodiment, by using fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 15 that the second middle blank 33a is carried out plastic working, thereby the installation portion 6 of the second middle blank 33a that crushes vertically, the overlap 52 of the installation portion 6 of blank 34a enters the slot part 51 of upside forging die 61 in the middle of the 3rd, and the installation portion 6 of blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd is carried out the fine finishining moulding.Therefore,, metal material uses till the corner portion of cavity 32b because entering to another flange moulding fully, so, even the installation portion 6 that need process is complex-shaped, can not produce flash yet, can form installation portion 6 reliably.
Then, in blank operation, shown in Figure 13 (D) → (E), utilize punch process etc. to carry out stamping-out by the divider wall parts 40a between first and second circular depressions 38,39 that will be present in blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd and remove, thus in the middle of making the 3rd blank 34a become final in the middle of blank 36a.
And, since in the middle of final blank 36a with finish after foreign steamer 2 to compare wall portion thicker, so, by implementing cutting (turning) processing and the attrition process of regulation, and finish foreign steamer 2.
About other structure and action effect, identical with above-mentioned first～the 4th embodiment.
[the 6th embodiment]
Below, with reference to Figure 16～Figure 18, the 6th embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, forge the situation of making described foreign steamer 2 shown in Figure 25 and describe as an example utilizing between heat.In addition,, mark identical label in the accompanying drawings, and omit or simplify this explanation for part identical with the 1st～the 5th embodiment or that be equal to.
In the present embodiment, implement plastic working or stamping-out processing in turn by blank 13a to the metal rounding column shown in Figure 16 (A), thereby through blank 34b in the middle of the 3rd shown in blank 33b, (D) in the middle of second shown in blank 14a, (C) in the middle of first shown in (B), and obtain blank 36b in the middle of final shown in (E), to the machining and the attrition process of this final middle blank 36b enforcement regulation, make foreign steamer 2.In addition, in the present embodiment, the first middle blank 14a is equivalent to blank of the present invention.
Below, the operation that blank 13a is processed into final middle blank 36b is described in order.In addition, following processing is all being carried out between heat or under between temperature basically, and is still inferior in the situation that forms small-sized wheel-support rolling bearing unit, if possible also can process by cold.
At first, in the upsetting operation, shown in Figure 16 (A) → (B), and meanwhile make the blank 13a expanded outer diameter of crushing vertically, with blank 13a be processed into beer barrel shape that axial pars intermedia expands first in the middle of blank 14a.
Then, in preformed operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 16 (B) → (C), blank 14a plastic working in the middle of first become second in the middle of blank 33b.This preformed operation uses pre-shaping device shown in Figure 17 to carry out.
This pre-shaping device has respectively: pushing punch 41 and counter punch 42, and they are equivalent to a pair of punch; Upside forging die 43, it is equivalent to movable forging die; Downside forging die 44, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die; Extruding punch 45; Elastomeric element 31a, it is disposed between the upper surface of the lower surface of installing plate 26 of pushing punch 41 and upside forging die 43, is embedded in base end part from pushing punch 41 outward to pars intermedia; And plate-like leaf spring 48, the upper surface that it is positioned at downside forging die 44, be disposed at the pushing punch 41 around.And, be formed with moulding recess 25a in the upper surface of downside forging die 44, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 43 and downside forging die 44, surround flange moulding cavity 32a.
And, at the lower surface of the upside forging die 43 of present embodiment, be formed with the slot part 53 that metal material flows into as the corresponding position of the installation portion 6 of outward flange portion, this slot part 53 overlook form under the observation round-shaped.In addition, under upside and downside forging die 43,44 carried out situation that phase place cooperates, slot part 53 also can not be above-mentioned round-shaped, and only formed in the position corresponding with installation portion 6.
Therefore, in the preformed operation of present embodiment, the first middle blank 14a is carried out plastic working, thereby make the slot part 53 of the overlap 54 inflow upside forging dies 43 of blank 33b in the middle of second, form installation portion 6 by using pre-shaping device shown in Figure 17.Thus, in the middle of second the installation portion 6 of blank 33b with towards the radial outside thickness of slab gradually the mode of thickening form.
Below, in fine finishining moulding operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 16 (C) → (D), blank 33b plastic working in the middle of second become the 3rd in the middle of blank 34b.This fine finishining moulding operation uses fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 180 to carry out.
This fine finishining moulding device has: upside forging die 61, and it is equivalent to the movable forging die of fine finishining; Downside forging die 62, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die of fine finishining; Downside punch 63; And extruding punch 64.
And, in the present embodiment, be formed with moulding recess 25b in the upper surface of downside forging die 62, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 61 and downside forging die 62, surround another flange moulding cavity 32b.In addition, another flange moulding with the height h3 of cavity 32b be set at second in the middle of the base end part thickness of slab t3 of installation portion 6 of blank 33b roughly the same.
Therefore, in the fine finishining moulding operation of present embodiment, by using fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 180 that blank 33b in the middle of second is carried out plastic working, thereby the installation portion 6 of the blank 33b in the middle of second of crushing vertically carries out the fine finishining moulding with the installation portion 6 of blank 34b in the middle of the 3rd.Therefore,, metal material uses till the corner portion of cavity 32b because entering to another flange moulding fully, so, even the installation portion 6 that need process is complex-shaped, can not produce flash yet, can form installation portion 6 reliably.
Then, in blank operation, shown in Figure 16 (D) → (E), utilize punch process etc. to carry out stamping-out by the divider wall parts 40a between first and second circular depressions 38,39 that will be present in blank 34b in the middle of the 3rd and remove, thus in the middle of making the 3rd blank 34b become final in the middle of blank 36b.
And, since in the middle of final blank 36b with finish after foreign steamer 2 to compare wall portion thicker, so, by implementing cutting (turning) processing and the attrition process of regulation, and finish foreign steamer 2.
About other structure and action effect, identical with above-mentioned first～the 5th embodiment.
[the 7th embodiment]
Below, with reference to Figure 19, the 7th embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, forge the situation of making described foreign steamer 2 shown in Figure 25 and describe as an example utilizing between heat.In addition,, mark identical label in the accompanying drawings, and omit or simplify this explanation for part identical with the 1st～the 6th embodiment or that be equal to.
In the present embodiment, implement plastic working or stamping-out processing in turn by blank 13a to the metal rounding column shown in Figure 19 (A), thereby through blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd shown in blank 33b, (D) in the middle of second shown in blank 14a, (C) in the middle of first shown in (B), and obtain blank 36a in the middle of final shown in (E), to the machining and the attrition process of this final middle blank 36a enforcement regulation, make foreign steamer 2.In addition, in the present embodiment, the first middle blank 14a is equivalent to blank of the present invention.
Below, the operation that blank 13a is processed into final middle blank 36a is described in order.In addition, following processing is all being carried out between heat or under between temperature basically, and is still inferior in the situation that forms small-sized wheel-support rolling bearing unit, if possible also can process by cold.
At first, in the upsetting operation, shown in Figure 19 (A) → (B), and meanwhile make the blank 13a expanded outer diameter of crushing vertically, with blank 13a be processed into beer barrel shape that axial pars intermedia expands first in the middle of blank 14a.
Then, in preformed operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 19 (B) → (C), blank 14a plastic working in the middle of first become second in the middle of blank 33b.This preformed operation uses the pre-shaping device of the 6th embodiment shown in Figure 17 to carry out.
This pre-shaping device has respectively: pushing punch 41 and counter punch 42, and they are equivalent to a pair of punch; Upside forging die 43, it is equivalent to movable forging die; Downside forging die 44, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die; Extruding punch 45; Elastomeric element 31a, it is disposed between the upper surface of the lower surface of installing plate 26 of pushing punch 41 and upside forging die 43, is embedded in base end part from pushing punch 41 outward to pars intermedia; And plate-like leaf spring 48, the upper surface that it is positioned at downside forging die 44, be disposed at the pushing punch 41 around.And, be formed with moulding recess 25a in the upper surface of downside forging die 44, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 43 and downside forging die 44, surround flange moulding cavity 32a.
And, at the lower surface of the upside forging die 43 of present embodiment, be formed with the slot part 53 that metal material flows into as the corresponding position of the installation portion 6 of outward flange portion, this slot part 53 overlook form under the observation round-shaped.In addition, under upside and downside forging die 43,44 carried out situation that phase place cooperates, slot part 53 also can not be above-mentioned round-shaped, and only formed in the position corresponding with installation portion 6.
Therefore, in the preformed operation of present embodiment, the first middle blank 14a is carried out plastic working, thereby make the slot part 53 of the overlap 54 inflow upside forging dies 43 of blank 33b in the middle of second, form installation portion 6 by using pre-shaping device shown in Figure 17.Thus, in the middle of second the installation portion 6 of blank 33b with towards the radial outside thickness of slab gradually the mode of thickening form.
Below, in fine finishining moulding operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 19 (C) → (D), blank 33b plastic working in the middle of second become the 3rd in the middle of blank 34a.This fine finishining moulding operation uses the fine finishining moulding device of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 15 to carry out.
This fine finishining moulding device has: upside forging die 61, and it is equivalent to the movable forging die of fine finishining; Downside forging die 62, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die of fine finishining; Downside punch 63; And extruding punch 64.
And, in the present embodiment, on the upper surface of downside forging die 62, be formed with moulding recess 25b, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 61 and downside forging die 62, surround another flange moulding cavity 32b.In addition, another flange moulding with the height h2 of cavity 32b be set at second in the middle of the base end part thickness of slab t3 of installation portion 6 of blank 33b roughly the same.And, in the present embodiment,, be formed with the slot part 51 that is used to make the metal material effusion in the lower surface of upside forging die 61 position corresponding with the leading section of installation portion 6.
Therefore, in the fine finishining moulding operation of present embodiment, by using fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 15 that the second middle blank 33a is carried out plastic working, thereby the installation portion 6 of the second middle blank 33a that crushes vertically, the overlap 52 of the installation portion 6 of blank 34a enters the slot part 51 of upside forging die 61 in the middle of the 3rd, and the installation portion 6 of blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd is carried out the fine finishining moulding.Therefore,, metal material uses till the corner portion of cavity 32b because entering to another flange moulding fully, so, even the installation portion 6 that need process is complex-shaped, can not produce flash yet, can form installation portion 6 reliably.
Then, in blank operation, shown in Figure 19 (D) → (E), utilize punch process etc. to carry out stamping-out by the divider wall parts 40a between first and second circular depressions 38,39 that will be present in blank 34a in the middle of the 3rd and remove, thus in the middle of making the 3rd blank 34a become final in the middle of blank 36a.
And, since in the middle of final blank 36a with finish after foreign steamer 2 to compare wall portion thicker, so, by implementing cutting (turning) processing and the attrition process of regulation, and finish foreign steamer 2.
About other structure and action effect, identical with above-mentioned first～the 6th embodiment.
[the 8th embodiment]
Below, with reference to Figure 20, the 8th embodiment of the manufacture method of the metal member made of having outward flange portion involved in the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, forge the situation of making described foreign steamer 2 shown in Figure 25 and describe as an example utilizing between heat.In addition,, mark identical label in the accompanying drawings, and omit or simplify this explanation for part identical with the 1st～the 6th embodiment or that be equal to.
In the present embodiment, implement plastic working or stamping-out processing in turn by blank 13a to the metal rounding column shown in Figure 20 (A), thereby through blank 34b in the middle of the 3rd shown in blank 33a, (D) in the middle of second shown in blank 14a, (C) in the middle of first shown in (B), and obtain blank 36b in the middle of final shown in (E), to the machining and the attrition process of this final middle blank 36b enforcement regulation, make foreign steamer 2.In addition, in the present embodiment, the first middle blank 14a is equivalent to blank of the present invention.
Below, the operation that blank 13a is processed into final middle blank 36b is described in order.In addition, following processing is all being carried out between heat or under between temperature basically, and is still inferior in the situation that forms small-sized wheel-support rolling bearing unit, if possible also can process by cold.
At first, in the upsetting operation, shown in Figure 20 (A) → (B), and meanwhile make the blank 13a expanded outer diameter of crushing vertically, with blank 13a be processed into beer barrel shape that axial pars intermedia expands first in the middle of blank 14a.
Then, in preformed operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 20 (B) → (C), blank 14a plastic working in the middle of first become second in the middle of blank 33a.This preformed operation uses the pre-shaping device of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 14 to carry out.
This pre-shaping device has respectively: pushing punch 41 and counter punch 42, and they are equivalent to a pair of punch; Upside forging die 43, it is equivalent to movable forging die; Downside forging die 44, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die; Extruding punch 45; Elastomeric element 31a, it is disposed between the upper surface of the lower surface of installing plate 26 of pushing punch 41 and upside forging die 43, is embedded in base end part from pushing punch 41 outward to pars intermedia; And plate-like leaf spring 48, the upper surface that it is positioned at downside forging die 44, be disposed at the pushing punch 41 around.And, be formed with moulding recess 25a in the upper surface of downside forging die 44, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 43 and downside forging die 44, surround flange moulding cavity 32a.
And in the present embodiment, the thickness t 4 that the flange moulding is set at the installation portion 6 of blank 34b in the middle of the thickness t 1 and the 3rd that makes the installation portion 6 of blank 33a in the middle of second with the height h1 of cavity 32a is compared slightly thick.
Therefore, in the preformed operation of present embodiment, by using pre-shaping device shown in Figure 14 that blank 14a in the middle of first is carried out plastic working, heavy back forms thereby make the thickness of slab t4 of the installation portion 6 of blank 34b in the middle of the thickness of slab t1 and the 3rd of the installation portion 6 of blank 33a in the middle of second compare slightly.In addition, in this preformed operation, metal material does not need to enter to till the corner portion of flange moulding with cavity 32a, even accumulate dirt and lubriation material is also no problem in the portion of corner.
Below, in fine finishining moulding operation as the feature of present embodiment, shown in Figure 20 (C) → (D), blank 33a plastic working in the middle of second become the 3rd in the middle of blank 34b.This fine finishining moulding operation uses the fine finishining moulding device of the 6th embodiment shown in Figure 180 to carry out.
This fine finishining moulding device has: upside forging die 61, and it is equivalent to the movable forging die of fine finishining; Downside forging die 62, it is equivalent to fixedly forging die of fine finishining; Downside punch 63; And extruding punch 64.
And, in the present embodiment, be formed with moulding recess 25b in the upper surface of downside forging die 62, between the bearing surface of the upper surface of the lower surface of upside forging die 61 and downside forging die 62, surround another flange moulding cavity 32b.In addition, another flange moulding is set at the height h3 of cavity 32b and compares less with above-mentioned flange moulding with the height h1 of cavity 32a.
Therefore, in the fine finishining moulding operation of present embodiment, by using fine finishining moulding device shown in Figure 180 that blank 33a in the middle of second is carried out plastic working, thereby the installation portion 6 of the blank 33a in the middle of second of crushing vertically carries out the fine finishining moulding with the installation portion 6 of blank 34b in the middle of the 3rd.Therefore,, metal material uses till the corner portion of cavity 32b because entering to another flange moulding fully, so, even the installation portion 6 that need process is complex-shaped, can not produce flash yet, can form installation portion 6 reliably.
Then, in blank operation, shown in Figure 20 (D) → (E), utilize punch process etc. to carry out stamping-out by the divider wall parts 40a between first and second circular depressions 38,39 that will be present in blank 34b in the middle of the 3rd and remove, thus in the middle of making the 3rd blank 34b become final in the middle of blank 36b.
And, since in the middle of final blank 36b with finish after foreign steamer 2 to compare wall portion thicker, so, by implementing cutting (turning) processing and the attrition process of regulation, and finish foreign steamer 2.
About other structure and action effect, identical with above-mentioned first～the 6th embodiment.
Detailed and the specific embodiment of above reference describes the present invention, but for those skilled in the art as can be known, can carry out various changes or modification under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.The application proposes as the basis with the Japanese patent application (the special 2008-017166 of hope) of application on January 29th, 2008, the Japanese patent application (spy is willing to 2008-224385) of application on September 2nd, 2008, at this, quotes its content as a reference.

Claims (12)

1. manufacture method with the metal member made of outward flange portion should have the outward flange portion that protrudes from radial outside separately in a plurality of positions of circumferencial direction with metal member made of outward flange portion in the axial part of outer peripheral face,
Should be characterised in that with manufacture method of the metal member made of outward flange portion,
Has following operation: the operation of preparing forging die and punch, wherein, described forging die comprises fixing forging die and is set to apply movable forging die towards the state of the elastic force of the direction of described fixedly forging die, be formed for processing the flange moulding cavity of described outward flange portion by in described fixedly forging die and the described movable forging die at least one, described punch can run through in the described movable forging die and move; And
Utilize described forging die surround metal base material around, under the state with the top end face butt of the top end face of described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die, the operation of carrying out plastic deformation utilizing described punch to push the axial end of described blank down between temperature or between heat
Described plastic deformation operation is full of described flange moulding with in the cavity by a part that makes described blank, and forms described outward flange portion.
2. the manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Make described movable forging die is formed following size to the elastic force of pushing towards the direction of described fixedly forging die, promptly, even under the state in described blank has been full of described flange moulding usefulness cavity, also can keep state with described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt.
3. the manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Make described movable forging die is formed following size to the elastic force of pushing towards the direction of described fixedly forging die, promptly, the decline of described punch be can be accompanied by and described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt made, but under the state in described blank has been full of described flange moulding usefulness cavity, can't stop described movable forging die to float from described fixedly forging die
Enter until described blank described flange moulding with inside cavity midway till state under, add the frictional force of abutting part between the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral face that acts on described blank and described movable forging die based on described elastic force, make described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt
Described blank thereafter is full of described flange moulding with in the process in the cavity, utilizes described elastic force and described frictional force to add to be configured in the elastic force of the elastomeric element around the described punch, keeps the state of described movable forging die and described fixedly forging die butt.
4. the manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
Described elastomeric element is the plate-like leaf spring.
5. according to claim 3 or the 4 described manufacture methods of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that,
With described movable forging die can utilize deadweight be arranged on displacement downwards described punch around, omit described movable forging die to the elastic force of pushing towards the direction of described fixedly forging die.
6. according to each described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,
Metal member made with outward flange portion is the hub body that constitutes wheel-support rolling bearing unit, in outer peripheral face from the outside vertically part of described outward flange portion, be provided with inner track wheel road and the path stage portion that is used for the interior wheel of outer embedding miscellaneous part, as described fixedly forging die, use the forging die that is provided with the cavity that is used to form described inner track wheel road and described path stage portion.
7. according to each described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,
Metal member made with outward flange portion is the foreign steamer that formation wheel-support rolling bearing unit and inner peripheral surface have the outer wheel track of multiple row,
The manufacture method that should have the metal member made of outward flange portion has following operation: utilize a pair of punch to push described blank and make its plastic deformation from axial both sides, axial both ends are formed the cylindrical portion that has with the corresponding inner peripheral surface shape of outer peripheral face shape of described a pair of punch, simultaneously, the described outward flange of formation portion on the outer peripheral face of described cylindrical portion.
8. according to each described manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that,
As described blank, use the blank have more than or equal to being used on the outer peripheral face of described cylindrical portion, forming the required volume of described outward flange portion,
Be full of the described flange moulding that is arranged in the part of surrounding by a part that makes described blank with cavity, thereby form described outward flange portion by described fixedly forging die, described movable forging die and described punch,
Then,, described movable forging die is floated from the corresponding amount of the residual volume amount of described fixedly forging die and described blank, thereby form flash in the outer peripheral edges portion of described outward flange portion by continuing to utilize described punch to push described blank.
9. the manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described movable forging die has in the position corresponding with the leading section of described outward flange portion and is used to slot part that described blank is overflowed,
In described plastic deformation operation, enter described slot part by the overlap that makes described outward flange portion, and form described outward flange portion.
10. the manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described preparatory process also has the fine finishining forging die, this fine finishining comprises that with forging die fine finishining has the movable forging die of fine finishining of the slot part that is used to make described blank effusion with fixing forging die with in the position corresponding with the leading section of described outward flange portion, utilize described fine finishining with fixedly forging die and described fine finishining with in the movable forging die at least one, be formed for another flange moulding cavity that described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding
By using described fine finishining the blank that forms described outward flange portion to be carried out punching press, make the overlap of described outward flange portion enter described slot part, thereby described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding with forging die.
11. according to claim 9 or the 10 described manufacture methods of having the metal member made of outward flange portion, it is characterized in that,
Described slot part forms round-shaped.
12. the manufacture method of having the metal member made of outward flange portion according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described preparatory process also has the fine finishining forging die, this fine finishining comprises fine finishining fixedly forging die and the movable forging die of fine finishining with forging die, utilize described fine finishining with fixedly forging die and described fine finishining with in the movable forging die at least one, be formed for another flange moulding cavity that described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding
By using described fine finishining the blank that forms described outward flange portion to be carried out punching press, make the compression on thickness direction of described outward flange portion, thereby described outward flange portion is carried out the fine finishining moulding with forging die.
CN200980103311.8A 2008-01-29 2009-01-28 Method for manufacturing outward-flanged metallic member Active CN101925423B (en)

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JPWO2009096434A1 (en) 2011-05-26
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EP2239069B1 (en) 2016-11-23
EP2239069A1 (en) 2010-10-13
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US20110048097A1 (en) 2011-03-03
WO2009096434A1 (en) 2009-08-06

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