CN101924962A - System and method thereof for detecting fiber faults - Google Patents
System and method thereof for detecting fiber faults Download PDFInfo
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- CN101924962A CN101924962A CN201010263165XA CN201010263165A CN101924962A CN 101924962 A CN101924962 A CN 101924962A CN 201010263165X A CN201010263165X A CN 201010263165XA CN 201010263165 A CN201010263165 A CN 201010263165A CN 101924962 A CN101924962 A CN 101924962A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method thereof for detecting fiber faults. The system is an optical path detection system comprising a series of auxiliary optical function modules, and can quickly detect and position the faults of a backbone fiber and one of branch fibers through tunable OTDR equipment in a local place. Besides, the system can detect related branch fibers through selecting optical path detection signals with different wave lengths. Thus, the system can avoid the faults that the signals of a branch fiber are too weak to be detected and signals of branch fibers with identical wave length are overlapped and can not be distinguished, thereby being convenient for the maintenance of a passive optical network for operators, and lowering the maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communications industry passive optical network technique field, in particular to a kind of system and method for fiber failure detection.
Background technology
Now, the network technology fast development, network application is universalness gradually, and as network communication and shopping at network, and network amusement etc. has become the part of modern's life.Existing access network copper cash (wired) system does not satisfy the demand in this high speed and broadband far away.And EPON (Passive Optical Network is called for short PON) is broadband and high speed, and environmental protection and energy-conservation broadband access technology are the optimal candidate that replaces existing access network.EPON is accepted and is disposed by most operator, in order to satisfy growing communication user and quicker and better service demand.
EPON is a kind of optical fiber access technology of point-to-multipoint.Fig. 1 is the Organization Chart of prior art EPON.As shown in Figure 1.EPON comprises optical line terminal (Optical Line Terminal is called for short OLT), optical network unit (Optical NetworkUnit is called for short ONU) and Optical Distribution Network (Optical Distribution Network is called for short ODN).Generally, light passive network is reduced to the power splitter (abbreviation optical splitter) of an OLT by ODN and connects point that a plurality of ONU constitute to multipoint configuration.
After the arrangement and deployment of a large amount of EPONs, need to consider the operation and the maintenance of this network, the detection and the failure location of special fibre circuit.In order to reduce operation and maintenance cost, operator wishes at the OLT place with a light path checkout equipment (Optical Time DomainReflectometer, be called for short OTDR) detect the trunk and the branch optical fiber of whole EPON, if a branch optical fiber breaks down, hope can be found fault rapidly and fault is positioned and keeps in repair under the situation of the business that does not influence other branch optical fiber.
When detecting this point-to-multipoint network with an OTDR equipment at office side OLT place, the signal of trunk optical fiber does not generally have problem, but the signal of branch optical fiber all will run into following problem: 1) if the beam split ratio of optical splitter is very big, when at this moment the Rayleigh reflected signal of branch optical fiber is through optical splitter very big loss will be arranged, when waiting it to arrive the detector of OTDR, signal has been submerged in noise and has suffered; 2) as the fruit part branch optical fiber to the distance of optical splitter about equally the time, it is the signal of which branch optical fiber on earth that OTDR equipment can not be differentiated, unless use high-resolution OTDR equipment.But the highest resolution that now can provide is 2 meters.
For example: for 10 kilometers ODN of 1: 32 splitting ratio, the loss of optical splitter is 3*5+3=18dB. and 10 kilometers fibre losses are 0.40*10=4.0dB.The maximum dynamic range of general OTDR equipment is about 40dB.Arrive the detector of the end total reflection then (promptly disregarding reflection loss) of branch optical fiber through optical splitter arrival OTDR through optical splitter as the light path detection signal.If disregard other loss (as junction loss etc.), the maximum light path loss of light path detection signal at this moment will be 2*18+2*4.0=44dB.This has exceeded the trend of work scope of OTDR equipment, so the signal of branch optical fiber is submerged in the noise.The OTDR equipment that this explanation tradition is used in office side is the fault of the branch optical fiber of the ODN of the big splitting ratio of energy measurement not.This phenomenon is more universal, for various reasons even to the PON of very little splitting ratio, can not see the reflected signal of branch optical fiber with common OTDR equipment in the PON network that reality is laid.
Existing remedial measure is to add an optical filter before all ONU.The schematic diagram that Fig. 2 adds optical filter for prior art adopts before ONU scheme is carried out the light path fault detect.The following light of 1625nm that this filter transmission is all, but the above light path of reflection 1625nm detects light, sees shown in Figure 2.After adopting optical filter, the light of port reflection can increase 6dB.Mix high-resolution OTDR equipment, can still still can not determine the definite position that the branch optical fiber fault takes place according to whether having reverberation to determine whether branch optical fiber has fault like this.If there is part branch optical fiber length equal substantially, it is overlapping for the light of reflection, even high-resolution OTDR equipment can not be differentiated difference wherein.Worse for the ODN (as: more than 1: 128 splitting ratio) of big splitting ratio, therefore might also the be nowhere near loss of optical splitter of the gain that filter brings might can not receive any information from branch optical fiber at the OTDR of office side equipment.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor recognizes that there is following defective in prior art: the loss in the passive optical network fault test process of light path detection signal is bigger.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of system and method for fiber failure detection, to solve the big problem of above-mentioned light path detection signal loss in the passive optical network fault test process.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the system that provides a kind of fiber failure to detect, comprise that light path detects OTDR equipment, wave division multiplex coupler, wavelength selective coupler, optical splitter, wavelength selection router, alternate path module, wherein: OTDR equipment, be used to produce the light path detection signal of fault detect, send the light path detection signal to wave division multiplex coupler; Wave division multiplex coupler links to each other with OTDR equipment, is used for the light path detection signal is imported trunk optical fiber; Wavelength selective coupler links to each other with trunk optical fiber, is used for the light path detection signal is transferred to optical splitter; Optical splitter links to each other with wavelength selective coupler, is used for that the light path detection signal is transferred to wavelength and selects router; Wavelength is selected router, is connected with optical splitter, is used for the light path detection signal is transferred to corresponding branch optical fiber; And receive the light path detected reflectance signal that branch optical fiber transmits, send the light path detected reflectance signal to the alternate path module parallel with optical splitter; The alternate path module is used for the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to wavelength selective coupler; Wavelength selective coupler links to each other with the alternate path module, also is used for the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to wave division multiplex coupler by trunk optical fiber; Wave division multiplex coupler also is used for isolating the light path detected reflectance signal from trunk optical fiber, and the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to OTDR equipment; OTDR equipment also is used for the fiber failure according to light path detected reflectance signal judgement trunk optical fiber and/or branch optical fiber, and in this testing process, the normal communication between OLT and the ONU remains unchanged.
Preferably, in the technical program, OTDR equipment is tunable OTDR equipment, is used to produce the light path detection signal at the preset wavelength of target branch optical fiber, and judges the fault of trunk optical fiber and target branch optical fiber according to the light path detected reflectance signal; The alternate path module comprises array waveguiding grating AWG, general mouthful of AWG links to each other with wavelength selective coupler, the branched bottom of AWG selects router to link to each other with the target branch optical fiber by corresponding wavelength, be used to receive the light path detected reflectance signal of branch optical fiber, and send it to wavelength selective coupler; OTDR equipment is used for the fault according to light path detected reflectance signal judgement target branch optical fiber.
Preferably, in the technical program, the preset wavelength number of light path detection signal equates with the number of branch optical fiber; AWG and ambient temperature are irrelevant, or the second channel module also comprises: temperature control device is used to keep the stable operation environment of AWG.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the method that provides a kind of fiber failure to detect comprises: OTDR equipment produces the light path detection signal of fault detect, sends the light path detection signal to wave division multiplex coupler; Wave division multiplex coupler imports trunk optical fiber with the light path detection signal; The wavelength selective coupler that links to each other with trunk optical fiber transfers to optical splitter with the light path detection signal; Optical splitter is transferred to wavelength with the light path detection signal and selects router; Wavelength selects router that the light path detection signal is transferred to the branch optical fiber corresponding with it; And the light path detected reflectance signal of reception branch optical fiber, send the light path detected reflectance signal to the alternate path module parallel with optical splitter; The alternate path module is sent to wavelength selective coupler with the light path detected reflectance signal; Wavelength selective coupler is sent to wave division multiplex coupler with the light path detected reflectance signal by trunk optical fiber; Wave division multiplex coupler is isolated the light path detected reflectance signal from trunk optical fiber, and the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to OTDR equipment; OTDR equipment is judged the fiber failure of trunk optical fiber and/or branch optical fiber according to the light path detected reflectance signal.
Among the present invention, adopt the method that increases the second channel module, the data feedback channel without optical splitter for the transmission of light path detected reflectance signal is provided, thereby has reduced the loss of the reflected signal of light path detection, guaranteed detectability and the precision of OTDR equipment branch optical fiber.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing EPON;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 2 adds optical filter for prior art adopts before ONU scheme is carried out the light path fault detect;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of system according to the invention embodiment one fiber failure detection system;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of second channel module in the system according to the invention embodiment two fiber failure detection systems;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of wave division multiplex coupler in the system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection systems;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected coupler one;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected coupler two;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected router one;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected router two;
Figure 10 is the flow chart according to the inventive method embodiment one fiber failure detection method.
Embodiment
Hereinafter will describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.Need to prove that under the situation of not conflicting, embodiment and the feature among the embodiment among the application can make up mutually.
System embodiment one:
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of system according to the invention embodiment one fiber failure detection system.Need to prove that among Fig. 3, the four-headed arrow between optical line terminal and the wave-division multiplexer filter represents that communication signal between the two is mutual, and the communication signal of other parts does not provide alternately.And each unidirectional small arrow is only represented the flow direction of light path detection signal.As shown in Figure 3, present embodiment comprises OTDR equipment, wave division multiplex coupler, wavelength selective coupler, optical splitter, wavelength selection router, alternate path module.Wherein, OTDR equipment is used to produce the light path detection signal of fault detect, sends the light path detection signal to wave division multiplex coupler; Wave division multiplex coupler is positioned at OLT place, office side, links to each other with OTDR equipment, is used for the light path detection signal is imported trunk optical fiber; Wavelength selective coupler links to each other with trunk optical fiber, is used for the light path detection signal is transferred to optical splitter; Optical splitter links to each other with wavelength selective coupler, is used for that the light path detection signal is transferred to wavelength and selects router; Wavelength is selected router, links to each other with optical splitter, is used for the light path detection signal is transferred to corresponding branch optical fiber; And the light path detected reflectance signal of reception branch optical fiber, send this light path detected reflectance signal to the alternate path module parallel with optical splitter; The alternate path module is used for the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to wavelength selective coupler; Wavelength selective coupler links to each other with the second channel module, also is used for the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to wave division multiplex coupler by trunk optical fiber; Wave division multiplex coupler also is used for isolating the light path detected reflectance signal from trunk optical fiber, and the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to OTDR equipment; OTDR equipment also is used for according to light path detected reflectance signal analysis and judgement trunk optical fiber and/or branch optical fiber whether fault being arranged.
Because in the transmission course of light path detection signal (light path detected reflectance signal), optical splitter is the main source of loss, and optical splitter also be need emphasis detects in fiber failure detects object.In the present embodiment, process optical splitter in downlink; And in uplink, without optical splitter, transfer the parallel alternate path that is provided with of process and optical splitter, thereby reduced the loss of light path detected reflectance signal to a certain extent, improved the accuracy that fiber failure detects, reduced the required precision of testing process OTDR equipment.
System embodiment two:
In the prior art, except the loss of light path detection signal is higher, also there is the definite position that to confirm fiber failure.And equal substantially as fruit part branch optical fiber length, it is overlapping for the light of reflection, even the difference that high-resolution OTDR equipment can not be differentiated each branch optical fiber.
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, OTDR equipment is tunable OTDR equipment, is used to produce the light path detection signal at the preset wavelength of target branch optical fiber, and judges the fault of target branch optical fiber according to the light path detected reflectance signal of light path detection signal correspondence; The alternate path module comprises array waveguiding grating AWG, general mouthful of AWG links to each other with wavelength selective coupler, the branched bottom of AWG selects router to link to each other with the target branch optical fiber by corresponding wavelength, be used to receive the light path detected reflectance signal that wavelength is selected router, and send it to wavelength selective coupler.
Be convenient and understand, below the second channel module is elaborated.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of second channel module in the system according to the invention embodiment two fiber failure detection systems.As shown in Figure 4, the second channel module is made up of array waveguiding grating AWG, it is real passive for the second channel module is accomplished, its AWG must be irrelevant with ambient temperature, the variation that is ambient temperature is as-20 ℃--and 70 ℃ to AWG running parameter and not influence of performance, otherwise AWG needs a temperature control device to keep its working stability, and this will increase job costs and maintenance difficulties, so the passive operating characteristic of AWG is very important.The tuning range of the tunable OTDR equipment that the selection of the operating wavelength range of AWG and client are used is relevant, in order to reduce interference to PON work, so the wave band that must avoid the up-downgoing wavelength of its wavelength, detect the regulation of wavelength according to ITU-T light path L.66, usually its operating wavelength range is at U wave band, i.e. 1625-1675nm.Its wave-length coverage can expand 1600--1700nm in front and back if needed.But filter plate and tunable OTDR equipment also will be done corresponding adjustment.The channel spacing of AWG is generally 100GHz, also can select the AWG at the interval of 50GHz as required.The selection of its port number should be corresponding with the beam split number of optical splitter, will mix the AWG of 32 passages as the ODN of 1: 32 splitting ratio.Its basic functional principle is that the light of different wave length is walked different passages in AWG, and its passage with select router to link to each other by wavelength with branch optical fiber, branch optical fiber has been identified by the optical wavelength that light path detects like this, and promptly the light path detection signal of different wave length can only detect its corresponding branch optical fiber.When certain bar branch optical fiber was detected, its loss is less during the AWG passage corresponding with this branch optical fiber was equivalent to open-mindedly, and its loss is equivalent to too greatly close when walking other passage.In the present embodiment,, can know that fault has appearred in which section of optical fiber by the position at fault-signal place.
The light path detection system that present embodiment is formed by above a series of fill-in light functional modules can detect and locate the fault of trunk optical fiber and any branch optical fiber apace in office side with a tunable OTDR equipment.And detect relative branch optical fiber by the light path detection signal of selecting different wave length, so just avoided the decay of optical splitter to branch optical fiber light path detected reflectance signal, and the signal overlap of equal in length branch optical fiber, can not distinguish, thereby make things convenient for maintenance and the maintenance of user system.
System embodiment three:
In the present embodiment, will carry out concrete scene to the light fault detection system in conjunction with concrete scene.
As shown in Figure 3, the light fault detection system of present embodiment comprises: tunable OTDR equipment, wave division multiplex coupler, wavelength selective coupler, second channel module and the wavelength that links to each other with optical splitter more than are selected router.Wherein, wave division multiplex coupler links to each other with OTDR equipment and optical line terminal; Link to each other with wavelength selective coupler by trunk optical fiber; Wavelength selective coupler links to each other with optical splitter and second channel module; The second channel module selects router to link to each other with each wavelength; Each wavelength selects router to link to each other with optical splitter, and links to each other with optical network unit by corresponding branch optical fiber respectively.
Tunable OTDR equipment, be used for to the detectable signal of wave division multiplex coupler emission needle, and receive according to analysis whether the light path detected reflectance signal comes unusually to determine whether trunk optical fiber and respective branch optical fiber exist fault the light path detection of the specific wavelength of respective branch optical fiber.
Here, if reflected signal is Fresnel reflection signal or Rayleigh reflected signal sudden change is arranged, can determine whether trunk optical fiber or respective branch optical fiber exist fault, if continuous Rayleigh reflected signal can determine that trunk optical fiber or respective branch optical fiber do not break down.
Wave division multiplex coupler, be used for the downstream signal of light path detection signal and optical line terminal is imported to trunk optical fiber, and the light path detected reflectance signal of separating on the trunk optical fiber passed on the OTDR equipment, and isolated upward signal is passed to optical line terminal OLT.
Wave division multiplex coupler is positioned at OLT place, office side, and purpose imports the light path detection signal and derive when not influencing regular traffic.Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of wave division multiplex coupler in the system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection systems.Referring to shown in Figure 5, wave division multiplex coupler can be made up of a film filter (TFF, Thin Film Filter).This film filter all reflects the above light of 1625nm (wavelength that light path detects), but to the equal transmission of the light below the 1625nm.Connection between them is as follows, and the P port links to each other with OLT, and the C port links to each other with trunk optical fiber, and the R port links to each other with OTDR equipment.This film filter is used for the light path detection signal of OTDR equipment output is imported to trunk optical fiber, and the light path detected reflectance signal is passed to OTDR equipment, keeps the normal up-downgoing communication contact of OLT and ONU simultaneously.
Wavelength selective coupler is used for descending light is passed to optical splitter; And after the light path detected reflectance signal and upward signal merging that will receive, lead back on the trunk optical fiber by optical splitter from the second channel module.In the present embodiment, in the porch of optical splitter wavelength selective coupler is set.
Wavelength selective coupler can be made up of the optical circulator and a film filter (TFF) of one four interface.Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected coupler one.Referring to shown in Figure 6, wherein optical circulator has four interfaces, and wherein interface 1 is the import of light, and promptly light can only advance and can not go out; Interface 2 is the import and export of light, and promptly light is entered from interface 1, can be from interface 2 output, and the light of coming in from interface 2 can only be to interface 3; Interface 3 is the import and export of light, and promptly light is from the light of interface 2, can be from interface 3 outputs, and the light of coming in from interface 3 can only be to interface 4; Interface 4 is the outlet of light, and promptly light can only go out and can not advance; And this film filter all reflects the above light of 1625nm (wavelength that light path detects), but to the equal transmission of the light below the 1625nm.Connection between them is as follows, and the interface 1 of optical circulator links to each other with the C interface of filter plate, and the interface 2 of optical circulator is connected with trunk optical fiber, and the interface 3 of optical circulator is connected with optical splitter, and the interface 4 of optical circulator links to each other with the P interface of filter plate.The main effect of this coupler is leading back on the trunk optical fiber from the light path detected reflectance signal of second channel module, keeping the normal up-downgoing communication contact of OLT and ONU simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, wavelength selective coupler also can be made up of optical circulator and a film filter of two three interfaces.Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected coupler two.Referring to shown in Figure 7, wherein first optical circulator, and second optical circulator all has three interfaces, and wherein interface 1 is the import of light, and promptly light can only advance and can not go out; Interface 2 is the import and export of light, and promptly light is entered from interface 1, can be from interface 2 output, and the light of coming in from interface 2 can only be to interface 3; Interface 3 is the outlet of light, and promptly light can be from interface 3 outputs from the light of interface 2; It connects as shown in Figure 7, wherein the interface 1 of the interface 3 of first optical circulator and second optical circulator links to each other, the interface 2 of the trunk optical fiber and first optical circulator links to each other, the interface 1 of the C interface of optical filter and first optical circulator links to each other, the interface 2 of second optical circulator links to each other with optical splitter, the interface 3 of second optical circulator and the interface P of optical filter link to each other, and the R interface of second channel module and film filter links to each other.
The second channel module is used for and will selects the light path detected reflectance signal of the branch optical fiber of router to deliver to wavelength selective coupler from wavelength.
The second channel module is located at and constitutes the path parallel with optical splitter among the Optical Distribution Network ODN, and the second channel module is a passive device.Referring to shown in Figure 4, the second channel module is made up of (AWG), it is real passive for the second channel module is accomplished, its AWG must be irrelevant with ambient temperature, the variation that is ambient temperature is as-20 ℃--and 70 ℃ to AWG running parameter and not influence of performance, otherwise AWG needs a temperature control device to keep its working stability, and this will increase job costs and maintenance difficulties, so the passive operating characteristic of AWG is very important.The tuning range of the tunable OTDR equipment that the selection of the operating wavelength range of AWG and client are used is relevant, in order to reduce interference to PON work, so the wave band that must avoid the up-downgoing wavelength of its wavelength, detect the regulation of wavelength according to ITU-T light path L.66, usually its operating wavelength range is at U wave band, i.e. 1625-1675nm.Its wave-length coverage can expand 1600--1700nm in front and back if needed.But filter plate and tunable OTDR equipment also will be done corresponding adjustment.The channel spacing of AWG is generally 100GHz, also can select the AWG at the interval of 50GHz as required.The selection of its port number should be corresponding with the beam split number of optical splitter, will mix the AWG of 32 passages as the ODN of 1: 32 splitting ratio.Its basic functional principle is that the light of different wave length is walked different passages in AWG, and its passage with select router to link to each other by wavelength with branch optical fiber, branch optical fiber has been identified by the optical wavelength that light path detects like this, and promptly the light path detection signal of different wave length can only detect its corresponding branch optical fiber.
Wavelength is selected router, is positioned at each branch optical fiber front end of optical splitter, is used for the downstream signal from optical splitter is passed to branch optical fiber; And from the upward signal of branch optical fiber, isolate the light path detected reflectance signal and pass to the branch optical fiber selector, and isolated upward signal is led back on the optical splitter.
Wavelength selects router to be made up of the optical circulator and a film filter (TFF) of one four interface.Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected router one.Referring to shown in Figure 8, wherein optical circulator has four interfaces, and wherein interface 1 is the import of light, and promptly light can only advance and can not go out; Interface 2 is the import and export of light, and promptly light is entered from interface 1, can be from interface 2 output, and the light of coming in from interface 2 can only be to interface 3; Interface 3 is the import and export of light, and promptly light is from the light of interface 2, can be from interface 3 outputs, and the light of coming in from interface 3 can only be to interface 4; Interface 4 is the outlet of light, and promptly light can only go out and can not advance; And this film filter all reflects the above light of 1625nm (wavelength of light path detection signal), but to the equal transmission of the light below the 1625nm.Connection between them is as follows, and the interface 1 of optical circulator links to each other with the P interface of filter plate, and the interface 2 of optical circulator is connected with optical splitter, and the interface 3 of optical circulator is connected with branch optical fiber, and the interface 4 of optical circulator links to each other with the C interface of filter plate.The main effect of this coupler is that the light path detected reflectance signal is separated from descending light on the guiding second channel module, keeps the normal up-downgoing communication contact of OLT and ONU simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, wavelength selects router also can be made up of optical circulator and a film filter of two three interfaces.Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that system according to the invention embodiment three fiber failure detection system medium wavelengths are selected router two.Referring to shown in Figure 9, wherein first optical circulator, and second optical circulator all has three interfaces, and wherein interface 1 is the import of light, and promptly light can only advance and can not go out; Interface 2 is the import and export of light, and promptly light is entered from interface 1, can be from interface 2 output, and the light of coming in from interface 2 can only be to interface 3; Interface 3 is the outlet of light, and promptly light can be from interface 3 outputs from the light of interface 2;
It connects as shown in Figure 9.Wherein the interface 1 of the interface 3 of first optical circulator and second optical circulator links to each other, the interface 2 of the optical splitter and first optical circulator links to each other, the P interface of film filter links to each other with the interface 1 of first optical circulator, the interface 2 of second optical circulator links to each other with branch optical fiber, the interface 3 of second optical circulator and the interface C of film filter link to each other, and the interface P of film filter links to each other with the second channel module.
The light path detection system that present embodiment is formed by above a series of fill-in light functional modules can detect apace and locate intelligently the fault of trunk optical fiber and any branch optical fiber in office side with a tunable OTDR equipment.And detect relative branch optical fiber by the light path detection signal of selecting different wave length, and so just having avoided the signal overlap of equal in length branch optical fiber, can not distinguish.Allow the light path detected reflectance signal walk around optical splitter simultaneously and get back to trunk optical fiber, reduced the decay of optical splitter, guaranteed that OTDR equipment can receive its reflected signal the light path detection signal.
By the system of present embodiment, can help operator to find the position of fiber failure fast very effectively, this will shorten the time of maintenance greatly, reduce maintenance cost.When particularly certain branch optical fiber broke down, operator can detect and fault location this optical fiber, and keep in repair when not influence the regular traffic of other branch optical fibers apace.These all will reduce the operation and the maintenance cost of operator greatly.
Method embodiment one:
Figure 10 is the flow chart according to the inventive method embodiment one fiber failure detection method.As shown in figure 10, present embodiment comprises:
Step S 1002, and OTDR equipment produces the light path detection signal of fault detect, send the light path detection signal to wave division multiplex coupler;
Wherein, OTDR equipment is tunable, produces the light path detection signal at the preset wavelength of target branch optical fiber.
Step S1004, wave division multiplex coupler imports trunk optical fiber with the light path detection signal;
Step S1006, the wavelength selective coupler that links to each other with trunk optical fiber transfers to optical splitter with the light path detection signal;
Step S1008, optical splitter is transferred to wavelength with the light path detection signal and selects router;
Step S1010, wavelength select router that the light path detection signal is transferred to the branch optical fiber corresponding with it; And the light path detected reflectance signal of the light path detection signal correspondence of reception branch optical fiber transmission, send the light path detected reflectance signal to the alternate path module parallel with optical splitter;
Step S1012, the alternate path module is sent to wavelength selective coupler with the light path detected reflectance signal;
Step S1014, wavelength selective coupler is sent to wave division multiplex coupler with the light path detected reflectance signal by trunk optical fiber;
Step S1016, wave division multiplex coupler is isolated the light path detected reflectance signal from trunk optical fiber, and the light path detected reflectance signal is sent to OTDR equipment;
Step S1018, OTDR equipment judge the fiber failure of trunk optical fiber or branch optical fiber according to the light path detected reflectance signal.
The equipment that present embodiment is realized is system embodiment one, and has whole beneficial effects of this embodiment, no longer repeats herein.
Method embodiment two:
Present embodiment will further describe the fiber failure detection method on the basis of method embodiment one.
In the present embodiment, the wavelength of light path detection signal is and target branch optical fiber corresponding preset wavelength; The light path detected reflectance signal is sent to wavelength selective coupler by the passage at the target branch optical fiber of the AWG of second channel module; OTDR equipment is judged the fault of target branch optical fiber according to the light path detected reflectance signal.
The equipment that present embodiment is realized is system embodiment two, and has whole beneficial effects of this embodiment, no longer repeats herein.
Method embodiment three:
Present embodiment will further describe the fiber failure detection method on the basis of embodiment one, two.
When EPON need detect, at first OTDR equipment is connected on the wave division multiplex coupler in office side, then at a required measurement branches optical fiber, selected its pairing light path detects wavelength, OTDR equipment is transferred to the wavelength of detection signal on this wavelength, and its wave-length coverage is generally between 1625-1675nm.Here need to prove after the arrangement of second channel module finishes, the grating interface of its AWG and the relation of branch optical fiber also just have been fixed up, and the corresponding different wavelength turnover of different grating interfaces, therefore branch optical fiber is identified by optical wavelength, different branch optical fibers is detected need select for use its corresponding wavelength to carry out.
With reference to Fig. 4 to 8, when OTDR equipment be transferred to want the pairing wavelength of measurement branches optical fiber after, send detection signal with this wavelength then, R interface by the wave-division multiplexer filter that is connected with OTDR equipment is coupled into trunk optical fiber and transmits, its reflected signal turns back to former road on the OTDR equipment, if trunk optical fiber has any fault, its unusual signal will be very fast by the OTDR device discovery, and can locate rapidly.No problem as trunk optical fiber, the light path detection signal will be transferred to wavelength selective coupler always, as shown in Figure 6, the light path detection signal will be from interface 2 outgoing interfaces 3 of four interface optical circulators, enter optical splitter, being arrived each wavelength after the beam split selects router, as shown in Figure 8, the light path detection signal will be from interface 2 outgoing interfaces 3 of optical circulator, enter branch optical fiber, arrive on the coupled ONU through transmission, the light path detected reflectance signal of its branch optical fiber is selected interface 3 outgoing interfaces 4 of the optical circulator of router from wavelength, enter the C interface of filter plate, separated back is from the R interface output of filter plate, enter the grating mouth of the AWG of second channel module, the general mouthful of R interface that enters the filter plate of coupled wavelength selective coupler that goes out AWG goes out C interface, enter interface 1 outgoing interface 2 of four interface optical circulators, arrive on the trunk optical fiber, arrive the C interface of wave-division multiplexer filter through the transmission of trunk optical fiber, separated then output from its R interface turns back on the OTDR equipment, so will show that a trunk optical fiber adds the reflected signal of a branch optical fiber on each OTDR equipment.Repeat above step if detect other branch optical fiber, promptly the optical wavelength that light path is detected is transferred to the wavelength corresponding with branch optical fiber, send detection signal then, OTDR equipment will be received its reflected signal, whether can judge unusually according to signal whether it has fault and fault is positioned.Repeating above step 1 finishes up to measuring.
Refer now to and see the communication between the OLT and ONU in testing process.See Fig. 3.It at first is descending optical link, OLT sends descending light, through the transmission of wave division multiplex coupler, sees Fig. 5, pass trunk optical fiber and arrive wavelength selective coupler, see Fig. 6, by interface 2 outgoing interfaces 3 of its optical circulator, arrive optical splitter then, beam split through optical splitter arrives each wavelength selection router, see Fig. 8, interface 2 outgoing interfaces 3 that pass its optical circulator arrive each branch optical fiber, arrive corresponding ONU by branch optical fiber then.Up optical link is the up light that is sent by ONU, pass branch optical fiber and arrive wavelength selection router, see Fig. 8, at first it is by interface 3 outgoing interfaces 4 of its optical circulator, the C interface that enters its filter plate goes out the P interface, enter interface 1 outgoing interface 2 of its optical circulator again, arrive on the optical splitter, pass optical splitter and arrive wavelength selective coupler, see Fig. 6, by interface 3 outgoing interfaces 4 of its optical circulator, the P interface that enters its filter plate goes out C interface, enters interface 1 outgoing interface 2 of its optical circulator again, arrive on the trunk optical fiber, pass trunk optical fiber and arrive wave division multiplex coupler, see Fig. 5, see through coupler and arrive the OLT place.Light path detection signal and reflected signal do not have any interference to descending and up optical link in whole transmission course.
The wavelength selective coupler of present embodiment and wavelength select router all to constitute with the optical circulator and the film filter of four interfaces.In addition, wavelength selective coupler and the wavelength selection router of realizing this technical scheme also can be made of the optical circulator and the film filter of two three interfaces, with reference to the related description of Fig. 7, Fig. 9 and system embodiment three, the flow direction of its light path detection signal similarly no longer repeats herein.
In the process of whole light path detection from beginning to closing, the OLT of EPON and the communication between the ONU remain unimpeded, and just their business is not interrupted.If there is a branch optical fiber to break down, detect and fault location with OTDR equipment in office side, and in follow-up reparation and the recovery normal operating conditions process, not perception to some extent of the user of other branch optical fibers.This will greatly reduce the cost of the maintenance of operator.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. the system that fiber failure detects is characterized in that, comprises that light path detects OTDR equipment, wave division multiplex coupler, wavelength selective coupler, optical splitter, wavelength selection router, alternate path module, wherein:
Described OTDR equipment is used to produce the light path detection signal of fault detect, sends described light path detection signal to described wave division multiplex coupler;
Described wave division multiplex coupler links to each other with described OTDR equipment, is used for described light path detection signal is imported trunk optical fiber;
Described wavelength selective coupler links to each other with described trunk optical fiber, is used for described light path detection signal is transferred to described optical splitter;
Described optical splitter links to each other with described wavelength selective coupler, is used for that described light path detection signal is transferred to described wavelength and selects router;
Described wavelength is selected router, is connected with described optical splitter, is used for described light path detection signal is transferred to corresponding branch optical fiber; And receive the light path detected reflectance signal that described branch optical fiber transmits, send described light path detected reflectance signal to the described alternate path module parallel with described optical splitter;
Described alternate path module is used for described light path detected reflectance signal is sent to described wavelength selective coupler;
Described wavelength selective coupler links to each other with described alternate path module, also is used for described light path detected reflectance signal is sent to described wave division multiplex coupler by described trunk optical fiber;
Described wave division multiplex coupler also is used for isolating the light path detected reflectance signal from described trunk optical fiber, and described light path detected reflectance signal is sent to OTDR equipment;
Described OTDR equipment also is used for judging according to described light path detected reflectance signal the fiber failure of described trunk optical fiber and/or branch optical fiber.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described OTDR equipment is tunable OTDR equipment, is used to produce the light path detection signal at the preset wavelength of target branch optical fiber, and judges the fault of described trunk optical fiber or described target branch optical fiber according to described light path detected reflectance signal;
Described alternate path module comprises array waveguiding grating AWG, general mouthful of described AWG links to each other with described wavelength selective coupler, the branched bottom of described AWG selects router to link to each other with described target branch optical fiber by corresponding wavelength, described AWG is used to receive the light path detected reflectance signal of described branch optical fiber, and sends it to described wavelength selective coupler;
Described OTDR equipment is used for judging according to described light path detected reflectance signal the fault of described target branch optical fiber.
3. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
The preset wavelength number of described light path detection signal equates with the number of described branch optical fiber.
4. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described AWG and ambient temperature are irrelevant, or
Described second channel module also comprises: temperature control device is used to keep the stable operation environment of described AWG.
5. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described wave division multiplex coupler is positioned at the OLT side, comprising: the first film filter,
The P port of described the first film filter links to each other with optical line terminal OLT, and the C port links to each other with described trunk optical fiber, and the R port links to each other with OTDR equipment;
Described the first film filter all reflects the light of wavelength more than 1625nm, to the equal transmission of the light of wavelength below 1625nm.
6. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described wavelength selective coupler comprises the four interface optical circulators and second film filter,
The interface 1 of described optical circulator links to each other with the C interface of described second film filter, the interface 2 of optical circulator is connected with described trunk optical fiber, the interface 3 of optical circulator is connected with described optical splitter, and the interface 4 of optical circulator links to each other with the P interface of described second film filter;
Described second film filter all reflects the light of wavelength more than 1625nm, to the equal transmission of the light of wavelength below 1625nm.
7. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described wavelength selective coupler comprises two three interface optical circulators and the 4th film filter,
The interface 1 of described first optical circulator links to each other with the C interface of described the 4th film filter, the interface 2 of first optical circulator is connected with described trunk optical fiber, the interface 2 of second optical circulator is connected with described optical splitter, the interface 3 of second optical circulator of telling links to each other with the P interface of described the 4th film filter, and the interface 3 of first optical circulator of telling links to each other with the interface 1 of described second optical circulator;
Described the 4th film filter all reflects the light of wavelength more than 1625nm, to the equal transmission of the light of wavelength below 1625nm.
8. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described wavelength selects router to comprise four interface optical circulators and the 3rd film filter,
The interface 1 of described optical circulator links to each other with the P interface of described the 3rd film filter, the interface 2 of optical circulator is connected with described optical splitter, the interface 3 of described optical circulator is connected with branch optical fiber, and the interface 4 of described optical circulator links to each other with the C interface of described the 3rd film filter;
Described the 3rd film filter all reflects the light of wavelength more than 1625nm, to the equal transmission of the light of wavelength below 1625nm.
9. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described wavelength selects router to comprise two three interface optical circulators and the 5th film filter,
The interface 1 of described first optical circulator links to each other with the P interface of described the 5th film filter, the interface 2 of first optical circulator is connected with described optical splitter, the interface 2 of described second optical circulator is connected with branch optical fiber, the interface 3 of described second optical circulator links to each other with the C interface of described the 5th film filter, and the interface 3 of first optical circulator of telling links to each other with the interface 1 of described second optical circulator;
Described the 5th film filter all reflects the light of wavelength more than 1625nm, to the equal transmission of the light of wavelength below 1625nm.
10. according to each described system among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that described wave division multiplex coupler is positioned at the OLT place.
11. the method that fiber failure detects is characterized in that, comprising:
Light path detects the light path detection signal that OTDR equipment produces fault detect, sends described light path detection signal to wave division multiplex coupler;
Described wave division multiplex coupler imports trunk optical fiber with described light path detection signal;
The wavelength selective coupler that links to each other with described trunk optical fiber transfers to optical splitter with described light path detection signal;
Described optical splitter is transferred to wavelength with described light path detection signal and selects router;
Described wavelength selects router that described light path detection signal is transferred to the branch optical fiber corresponding with it; And receive the light path detected reflectance signal of described branch optical fiber, send described light path detected reflectance signal to the alternate path module parallel with described optical splitter;
Described alternate path module is sent to described wavelength selective coupler with described light path detected reflectance signal;
Described wavelength selective coupler is sent to described wave division multiplex coupler with described light path detected reflectance signal by described trunk optical fiber;
Described wave division multiplex coupler is isolated the light path detected reflectance signal from described trunk optical fiber, and described light path detected reflectance signal is sent to OTDR equipment;
Described OTDR equipment is judged the fiber failure of trunk optical fiber and/or branch optical fiber according to described light path detected reflectance signal.
12. method according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
The wavelength of described light path detection signal is and target branch optical fiber corresponding preset wavelength;
Described light path detected reflectance signal is sent to described wavelength selective coupler by the passage at described target branch optical fiber of the AWG of described second channel module;
Described OTDR equipment is judged the fault of described target branch optical fiber according to described light path detected reflectance signal.
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| CN201010263165.XA CN101924962B (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2010-08-25 | System and method thereof for detecting fiber faults |
| PCT/CN2011/076601 WO2012024982A1 (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2011-06-29 | System and method for detecting fiber failure |
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Effective date of registration: 20170505 Address after: 518057 A3-01 and A3-02 building, Zhongxing building, Nanshan District hi tech Industrial Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China Patentee after: Shenzhen Zhongxing Communication Technology Service Co., Ltd. Address before: 518057 Nanshan District science and technology, Guangdong Province, South Road, No. 55, No. Patentee before: ZTE Corporation |