CN101922595B - Anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipeline - Google Patents
Anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN101922595B CN101922595B CN2010102561568A CN201010256156A CN101922595B CN 101922595 B CN101922595 B CN 101922595B CN 2010102561568 A CN2010102561568 A CN 2010102561568A CN 201010256156 A CN201010256156 A CN 201010256156A CN 101922595 B CN101922595 B CN 101922595B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipelines, which is used for heat insulation of the oil and gas pipelines on seabed in winter and in land cold areas. Aiming at liquid phases in the oil and gas pipelines, the method selects polymer drag reducers capable of being dissolved in the liquid phases as anti-drag insulation agents, and the polymer drag reducers are added into the liquid phases according to a use concentration to realize anti-drag insulation. The anti-drag insulation agents can transfer the turbulent heat transfer property of the pipelines to laminar flow heat transfer property, the method of the invention use a laminar flow heat transfer comparison method to measure the heat convection coefficients of the liquid phases, wherein a measurement device is an extension-type heat transfer device comprising an inner pipe and a bushing, wherein the flow in the inner pipe is turbulence, and the flow in the bushing is laminar flow. In the invention, the use concentration of the anti-drag insulation agents is determined through drawing a relation curve between the relative rate of change of convection heat transfer coefficients and the concentration of multiple added agents.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the energy-saving and cost-reducing technical field of oil gas accumulating, particularly adopt drag reduction technology that the oil and gas pipes under the turbulent flow operating mode is carried out the method for anti-drag heat insulation, be applicable to sea-bottom oil-gas conveyance conduit and the insulation of land cold area pipe-line in winter.
Background technique
The higher fluid of temperature in pipe in the flow process constantly to the low temperature environment dissipated heat, fluid temperature (F.T.) reduces gradually.Usually, for Petroleum Production and conveying pipe, the outlet temperature that oil gas is carried should be higher than 3～5 ℃ of the freezing point temperatures of oil product, perhaps is higher than 3～5 ℃ at the solidifying point of wax in the oil product, causes line clogging to prevent oil product or wax from solidifying.And the initial temperature of oil transportation should not be higher than a temperature of heating up in a steamer of oil product, in order to avoid cause the evaporating loss of oil product.These two kinds of temperature conditions have determined scope and the necessary insulation measure and the heating power energy consumption of oil transportation temperature, to guarantee the normal operation of oil and gas pipes in low temperature environment.
Overall coefficient of heat transfer between ducted fluid and environment is most important for the temperature drop of oil and gas pipes; Reducing overall coefficient of heat transfer can make fluid reduce to the radiation loss of environment; Therefore the temperature drop of unit duct length also reduces; Will guarantee that the outlet temperature that oil gas is carried is higher than 3～5 ℃ of freezing point temperatures this moment, needed heating power expense will correspondingly reduce, and plays the effect of energy saving and fund.Thereby the thermal resistance that adopts thermal insulating material to increase heat conduction reduces overall coefficient of heat transfer, and this is the pipe insulation principle of using always.Convection transfer rate between tube fluid medium and tube wall is the constituent element of overall coefficient of heat transfer, reduces the convection transfer rate between tube fluid medium and tube wall, helps the reduction of overall coefficient of heat transfer equally, has insulation effect.
Drag reduction can suppress turbulent skn friction, can obtain inference according to the reynolds analogue theory: drag reduction will suppression fluid and tube wall between convection transfer rate.Production of hydrocarbons and conveying pipe move under the turbulent flow operating mode usually, and drag reduction can suppress convection heat exchange, this be heat exchanger tube do not hope to occur, but the oil gas conveying pipe is needed just.Anti-drag heat insulation is carried for the oil gas of submarine pipeline in winter, and the oil and gas pipes of land cold area is carried and all had double meaning: the first can reduce the flow resistance of oil gas in pipe, and it two is the insulations that help tube fluid.Usually, pipeline is carried out drag reduction not will consider insulation, the insulation of pipeline not will consider mobile drag reduction yet pipeline.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to sea-bottom oil-gas conveyance conduit and land cold area pipe-line in winter; According to drag reduction technology effective this basic principle of convection heat exchange of suppression fluid and tube wall under the turbulent flow operating mode; Two technical problems of drag reduction and insulation are combined; Propose a kind of method that adopts drag reduction technology that the oil and gas pipes of turbulent flow feed status is incubated, promote heat insulation effect, reach the purpose that reduces the heating power energy consumption tube fluid through drag reduction technology.
For reaching above purpose, the present invention takes following technological scheme to be achieved:
A kind of anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipeline is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) adopt the laminar heat transfer comparison method to measure convection transfer rate.Concrete grammar is managed and sleeve pipe in dividing for adopting a casing type heat exchanging device, and the Steel Type of interior pipe is identical with the Steel Type of oil and gas pipes; Fluid in the interior pipe is the liquid phase in the oil and gas pipes; As high temperature heat release side, flow velocity is identical with actual ducted liquid phase flow rate, and flowing state is a turbulent flow; Fluid in the sleeve pipe is a cooling liquid, and flowing state remains laminar flow, and sleeve pipe is outer adiabatic; For fixing sleeve pipe geometrical construction; When cooling liquid wherein flow for full-blown laminar flow the time, its convection transfer rate is a fixed value, because the thermal conductivity of pipeline steel also is a definite value; Overall coefficient of heat transfer K obtains according to the thermal conduction study heat balance method of, by the thermal conduction study formula
Fluid in can calculating in the pipe and the convection transfer rate h between inner tube wall
i, in the formula: λ is the thermal conductivity of pipeline steel, h
oBe the convection transfer rate between the outer wall of cooling liquid in the sleeve pipe and interior pipe, d
oBe the external diameter of interior pipe, d
iInternal diameter for interior pipe;
Liquid phase convection transfer rate when (2) adding agent concentration and be 0ppm is measured: according to step (1), record when adding agent concentration and being 0ppm in convection transfer rate h between the inwall of fluid and interior pipe in the pipe
iValue be h
I-0
(3) select the anti-drag heat insulation agent for use:, select for use the polymer drag reducer that dissolves in wherein as the anti-drag heat insulation agent to the liquid phase in the oil and gas pipes;
(4) measure a plurality of convection transfer rates that add under the agent concentration: polymer drag reducer is joined in the pipeline with a plurality of different concentration, each is added agent concentration, (1) all set by step, fluid in measuring in the pipe and the convection transfer rate h between the inner tube wall
iValue be h
I-DR
(5) calculate the anti-drag heat insulation effect: with the relative change rate HTR of interior pipe convection transfer rate as basic parameter, expression anti-drag heat insulation effect, calculating formula is:
H wherein
I-0Represent the interior pipe convection transfer rate when adding agent concentration is 0ppm, h
I-DRRepresent that each adds the value of convection transfer rate between interior pipe fluid and the inner tube wall under the agent concentration;
(6) confirm the working concentration of anti-drag heat insulation agent: relative change rate HTR and a plurality of relation curve that adds agent concentration of pipe convection transfer rate in drawing, on this curve, choose a working concentration that adds agent concentration as the anti-drag heat insulation agent;
(7) carry out anti-drag heat insulation: selected anti-drag heat insulation agent is added among the liquid phase of oil and gas pipes to use concentration, realized anti-drag heat insulation.
The advantage of the inventive method is: two technical problems of drag reduction and insulation are combined; Propose a kind of method of oil and gas pipes anti-drag heat insulation, as a kind of heat preservation technology of oil and gas pipes, the oil gas of submarine pipeline is carried for winter; And the oil gas of land cold area is carried; Through drag reduction tube fluid is incubated, both can realizes drag-reduction energy-saving, can realize heat preservation energy-saving again.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
Fig. 1 is the related sleeve pipe heat-exchanger rig structural drawing of laminar heat transfer comparison method of the present invention.Among the figure: 1, thermal resistor; 2, cooling liquid; 3, fluid in the pipe; 4, heat insulation layer; 5, interior pipe; 6, sleeve pipe; 7, cooling fluid inlet; 8, cooling fluid outlet.
Relative change rate HTR and a plurality of relation curve that adds agent concentration of pipe convection transfer rate in Fig. 2.
The agent of Fig. 3 anti-drag heat insulation is added the anti-drag heat insulation effect when different gas are fast in the oil and gas pipes that liquid phase flow rate is 1.05m/s to 300ppm concentration.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
In the present embodiment, pipe-line is one section API-X52 line pipe, internal diameter 40mm, external diameter 48mm.Liquid phase in this segment pipe horizontal arrangement, pipeline is an oil water mixture, and flow velocity is 1m/s, and oil content is 25%, and the fluid temperature (F.T.) in the moisture content 75%, pipeline is 40 ℃, changes in the scope of gas flow rate 1.6m/s～5.0m/s.
Anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipeline comprises the steps:
(1) the turbulent heat transfer characteristic of pipe changed to the laminar heat transfer characteristic in the anti-drag heat insulation agent made; Adopt the convection transfer rate when laminar heat transfer comparison method mensuration is different to add agent concentration: adopt casing type heat exchanging measurement device convection transfer rate as shown in Figure 1; The interior pipe 5 of casing type heat exchanging device is the API-X52 line pipe, inner tube diameter d
i=40mm, interior external diameter of pipe d
o=48mm.In fluid 3 in the pipe for oil content is 25%, the mixing material of moisture content 75%, as high temperature heat release side, flowing state is a turbulent flow; Cooling liquid 2 in the sleeve pipe 6 is a water, and casing inner diameter D=60mm, water flow velocity therein is 0.1m/s; Flowing state is a laminar flow, and the temperature of cooling liquid import 7 is 21 ℃ in the sleeve pipe, and the temperature of outlet 8 is 27 ℃; Temperature is measured by thermal resistor 1, sleeve pipe outer adiabatic (heat insulation layer 4).
The thermal conductivity of used API-X52 pipeline steel is 45.3W/m, and overall coefficient of heat transfer K is measured by heat balance method of, by the thermal conduction study formula
Convection transfer rate h between the fluid in can calculating in the pipe 5 and the inwall of interior pipe
i, in the formula, λ is the thermal conductivity of pipeline steel, h
oBe the convection transfer rate between the outer wall of cooling liquid in the sleeve pipe 62 and interior pipe.
Liquid phase convection transfer rate when (2) adding agent concentration and be 0ppm is measured: when adding agent concentration and being 0ppm, according to step (1), through measuring h
oSize is 450W/ (m
2℃), overall coefficient of heat transfer K is 282.3W/ (m
2℃), fluid 3 and the value h of convection transfer rate between inner tube wall of pipe in 5 in calculating by the thermal conduction study formula
I-0Be 890W/ (m
2℃).
(3) select the anti-drag heat insulation agent for use: the liquid phase in the oil and gas pipes is that oil content is 25%, the mixing material of moisture content 75%, and moisture content is big, and selecting main component for use is that the friction-reducing additive of polyacrylic amide is as the anti-drag heat insulation agent.
(4) measure a plurality of liquid phase convection transfer rates that add under the agent concentration: polymer drag reducer is joined respectively in the pipeline with concentration 200ppm, 300ppm, 400ppm, and repeating step (1) is through measuring the convection transfer rate h between the outer wall of cooling liquid 2 and interior pipe 5
oThese several kinds of concentration are all remained 450W/ (m
2℃), overall coefficient of heat transfer K is then added the influence of agent concentration, and K is 167.2W/ (m when adding agent concentration and being 200ppm
2℃), K is 129.2W/ (m when adding agent concentration and being 300ppm
2℃), K is 121.3W/ (m when adding agent concentration and being 400ppm
2℃).Calculate the value h of liquid phase convection transfer rate when adding agent concentration and being 200ppm by the thermal conduction study formula
I-DRBe 280.4W/ (m
2℃), the value h of liquid phase convection transfer rate when adding agent concentration and being 300ppm
I-DRBe 187.8W/ (m
2℃), the value h of liquid phase convection transfer rate when adding agent concentration and being 400ppm
I-DRBe 171.7W/ (m
2℃).
(5) calculate the anti-drag heat insulation effect: with the relative change rate HTR of interior pipe convection transfer rate as the anti-drag heat insulation rate; Expression anti-drag heat insulation effect, calculating formula is:
H wherein
I-0Represent the interior pipe convection transfer rate when adding agent concentration is 0ppm, h
I-DRInterior pipe convection transfer rate when expression adds agent concentration greater than 0ppm.
(6) confirm the working concentration of anti-drag heat insulation agent: relative change rate HTR and a plurality of relation curve that adds agent concentration of pipe convection transfer rate are seen Fig. 2 in drawing.According to this curve, it is about 10% that the anti-drag heat insulation rate of the anti-drag heat insulation rate when adding agent concentration and being 300ppm during than 200ppm increases, and the anti-drag heat insulation rate is then approaching during with 400ppm, can choose 300ppm and add the working concentration of agent concentration as the anti-drag heat insulation agent.
(7) carry out anti-drag heat insulation: selected anti-drag heat insulation agent is added in the oil and gas pipes that liquid phase flow rate is 1.05m/s with 300ppm concentration, realized anti-drag heat insulation, when different gas are fast, see Fig. 3 by the heat insulation effect that heat balance method of is measured.Can know that by Fig. 3 gas flow rate is in 1.6m/s～5.0m/s scope, for different gas flow rates; The anti-drag heat insulation rate is all up to about 80%; This show use the anti-drag heat insulation agent after, it is about 80% that fluid in the oil and gas pipes and the convection transfer rate between tube wall have reduced, and has tangible heat insulation effect.
Claims (1)
1. an anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipeline is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) adopt a casing type heat exchanging device, pipe and sleeve pipe in dividing, the Steel Type of interior pipe is identical with the Steel Type of oil and gas pipes; Fluid in the interior pipe is the liquid phase in the oil and gas pipes; As high temperature heat release side, flow velocity is identical with actual ducted liquid phase flow rate, and flowing state is a turbulent flow; Fluid in the sleeve pipe is a cooling liquid, and flowing state remains laminar flow, and sleeve pipe is outer adiabatic; For fixing sleeve pipe geometrical construction; When cooling liquid wherein flow for full-blown laminar flow the time, its convection transfer rate is a fixed value, because the thermal conductivity of pipeline steel also is a definite value; Overall coefficient of heat transfer K obtains according to the thermal conduction study heat balance method of, by the thermal conduction study formula
Fluid in can calculating in the pipe and the convection transfer rate h between inner tube wall
i, in the formula: λ is the thermal conductivity of pipeline steel, h
oBe the convection transfer rate between the outer wall of cooling liquid in the sleeve pipe and interior pipe, d
oBe the external diameter of interior pipe, d
iInternal diameter for interior pipe;
Liquid phase convection transfer rate when (2) adding agent concentration and be 0ppm is measured: the convection transfer rate h between the fluid in calculating when not adding the drag reduction heat preserving agent in the liquid phase according to the formula of step (1) in the pipe and the inwall of interior pipe
iValue be h
I-0
(3) select the anti-drag heat insulation agent for use:, select for use the polymer drag reducer that dissolves in wherein as the anti-drag heat insulation agent to the liquid phase in the oil and gas pipes;
(4) measure a plurality of convection transfer rates that add under the agent concentration: the anti-drag heat insulation agent is joined in the pipeline with a plurality of different concentration, each is added agent concentration, (1) all set by step, fluid in measuring in the pipe and the convection transfer rate h between the inner tube wall
iValue be h
I-DR
(5) calculate the anti-drag heat insulation effect: with the relative change rate HTR of interior pipe convection transfer rate as basic parameter, expression anti-drag heat insulation effect, calculating formula is:
H wherein
I-0Convection transfer rate between the fluid in interior pipe when expression adds agent concentration and is 0ppm and the inwall of interior pipe, h
I-DRRepresent that each adds the value of convection transfer rate between interior pipe fluid and the inner tube wall under the agent concentration;
(6) confirm the working concentration of anti-drag heat insulation agent: relative change rate HTR and a plurality of relation curve that adds agent concentration of pipe convection transfer rate in drawing, on this curve, choose a working concentration that adds agent concentration as the anti-drag heat insulation agent;
(7) carry out anti-drag heat insulation: selected anti-drag heat insulation agent is added among the liquid phase of oil and gas pipes to use concentration, realized anti-drag heat insulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102561568A CN101922595B (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2010-08-18 | Anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipeline |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102561568A CN101922595B (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2010-08-18 | Anti-drag heat insulation method for oil and gas pipeline |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101922595A CN101922595A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| CN101922595B true CN101922595B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102168785B (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2013-05-08 | 河海大学 | Heat-insulation pipeline used for transport process of constant temperature liquid pipeline |
| CN103450870B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-06-15 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | The drag reducer of pressure break is hidden for unconventionaloil pool |
| CN106247031B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-06-26 | 朱贺鹏 | Transport system occurs for metal plastic composite pipe, manufacturing method and industrial steam |
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| CN2303230Y (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1999-01-06 | 南通石墨设备设计研究所 | Intensive heat conducting sleeve type cooling pipeline for high temp. gas burner having universal expansion joint |
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