CN101915907A - Pulse radar echo signal generator and signal generating method thereof - Google Patents
Pulse radar echo signal generator and signal generating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pulse radar echo signal generator and a signal generating method thereof, relating to the moving target detection technical field. The pulse radar signal generator utilizes parameters input by a pulse radar parameter generator to control a synchronizing signal generator, a noise generator, a target signal generator, a noise wave generator and a signal synthesizer in real time, and a full in-kind pulse radar echo signal is generated. The target, noise and noise wave in the pulse radar echo signal of the invention can be regulated in wider range, the pulse radar echo signal can be used for verifying target detecting and tracking performances of a radar signal processing system, thus being an economic and effective means and having wide application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Detection for Moving Target field, relate in particular to a kind of pulse radar echo signal generation technique.
Background technology
Pulsed radar is realized precision ranging easily, and the reception echo is in stand-down, not have the problem of receiving antenna and emitting antenna isolation at transponder pulse.In view of these advantages, pulsed radar becomes one of radar that is most widely used at present, it not only is applied to military affairs as weaponry, become indispensable equipment such as target search, tracking, measurement and weapon guiding, control and enemy and we's identification, and crucial effect is also being arranged aspect civilian and the scientific research, carry out weather forecast and navigation etc. as airport and harbour management radar.
(as the distance of target to radar, range rate or radial velocity, orientation, the height etc.) for information about that extract moving target from radar echo signal are the prerequisites of carrying out target recognition and tracking, also are the gordian techniquies that promotes the whole radar performance.Yet, being subjected to the influence of noise and clutter, the echoed signal that radar receives is very complicated.Need the adaptive signal processing method of research to deacclimatize the complicated echoed signal that changes on the one hand, with effective extraction echo signal; On the other hand, the validity of signal processing method also needs to verify by experiment.Traditional verification mode is that radar transmitter transmits in certain environment, adopts signal processing method to extract echo signal.This mode is objectively, but also has huge resource loss and nonrepeatability.Therefore, to come the validity of validation signal disposal route then be a kind of economical and effective means to the radar received signal of utilizing existing technical modelling to produce some specific environments.
Radar base band echoed signal simulator is divided into three types, and promptly devices at full hardware realizes, microcomputer+high-speed d/a transition card, microcomputer+DSP combination.First kind of mode often utilizes microprocessor such as single-chip microcomputer, PLC and expanded function thereof to produce the target pulse echo of simple wave form, is difficult to restore comparatively complicated noise or clutter.The two kinds of methods in back are a kind of half physical simulation equipment in kind, and radar signal environment and signal Processing need adopt computer mould to fit processing, promptly adopt computer software to produce the noise or the clutter of radar signal or waveform complexity.Microcomputer+D/A plug-in card method is subjected to the restriction of microcomputer interface bandwidth, and the D/A data transmission rate is often lower.Microcomputer+DSP combination adopts microcomputer software to produce radar signal, and it is downloaded in the storer of DSP signal-processing board, and DSP reads the data output in the storer again.The people such as Yang Honggu of the Che Zhiyu of the Xu Man of Beijing Institute of Technology, naval aviation engineering college and air force engineering university adopt the third mode to develop the radar echo signal simulator.And the DSP signal generator often produces regular signals such as sine, square wave, triangular wave and pulse.And more complicated noise and the clutter of waveform produced and left among the ROM of DSP signal plate by computing machine.In case the pulsed radar signal parameter change just needs PC to recomputate, again it is downloaded among the DSP, use dirigibility to be restricted.
Yet the Radar Signal Processing device that is widely used in various systems with digital signal processor DSP is compared, and the research and the report that utilize DSP to produce pulse radar echo signal but rarely have report.The present invention adopts the devices at full hardware mode to design the pulsed radar signal generator, promptly utilizes single-chip microcomputer input pulse radar signal parameter, and DSP is then according to this parameter generating moving target pulse signal, and complicated noise, clutter and the pulse radar echo signal of waveform.This invention does not need system controlled by computer, belongs to physical simulation equipment in kind, can be according to the pulsed radar signal parameter of input, and real-time, the online pulse radar echo signal that produces correspondence uses dirigibility to strengthen greatly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art radar base band echoed signal simulator need control by PC, in case pulsed radar signal parameter change, need recomputate by PC, again it is downloaded among the DSP, dirigibility is restricted, the pulsed radar signal frequency that the DSP signal generator produces is low, waveform is simple, be difficult to restore the comparatively complicated shortcomings such as radar echo signal of environment, design a kind of pulse radar echo signal generator that can produce than complicated wave form, be used to simulate the pulse radar echo signal under the specific environment, for the validity of verifying Radar Targets'Detection and track algorithm provides economical, effective means.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is, design a kind of pulsed radar signal generator, comprise digital signal processor DSP, data-carrier store SRAM, program storage FLASH, multichannel buffered serial port (MCBSP expansion interface), D/A (D/A) converter, single-chip microcomputer, keyboard and LCDs, power supply.Single-chip microcomputer is a host computer, and dsp system is a slave computer, the built-in synchronous generator of DSP, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator, signal synthesizer, timer etc.Single-chip microcomputer input pulse radar signal parameter, DSP then produces pulsed radar signal in real time according to this parameter, comprises the target pulse signal and the complicated noise and the clutter of waveform of motion.Pulsed radar parametric generator input pulse radar parameter is controlled modules such as synchronous generator, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator, signal synthesizer in real time, and devices at full hardware produces pulse radar echo signal.
Parametric generator of the present invention produces and comprises pulse repetition rate, noise average and variance, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), target initial distance and speed, and the isoparametric packet in clutter amplitude and position sends to DSP with it by multichannel buffered serial port (MCBSP expansion interface); Synchronous generator is set pulse and is started timer according to pulse repetition rate (PRF) among the DSP, timer produces the down trigger sync generator and produces synchronization waveform, the interrupt control synchronization waveform that timer produces is a square wave, the reiving/transmitting state of synchronizing signal gating pulse radar, noise generator is by producing random series, to random series rearrangement generted noise signal, and the noise signal amplitude is adjusted in real time according to the noise amplitude in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag that receives; The echo signal generator produces monocycle target echo signal digital waveform, according to target initial distance, speed and timer interruption times calculated target positions in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag, synthesized signal generator is with echo signal, noise and clutter addition, form the digit pulse radar echo signal, be converted into the output of analog pulse radar echo signal by digital to analog converter again.According to signal to noise ratio snr, noise average M and noise variance σ in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag
2, the target signal generating device utilizes formula among the DSP
Calculate echo signal amplitude T, adjust the amplitude of target pulse radar echo signal thus.Noise generator can adopt the Logistic algorithm to generate pseudo-random sequence, to the pseudo-random sequence { X that generates
1, X
2..., X
N, adopt the cosine mapping algorithm corresponding to the pseudo-random sequence that generates with corresponding frequency, the generted noise signal of resequencing utilizes the DC level of the parametric noise average M adjustment noise in the pulsed radar signal parameter bag, noise variance σ again
2Amplify noise.The clutter generator produces static clutter according to clutter amplitude and position in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag.Synthesized signal generator forms the digit pulse radar echo signal with echo signal, noise signal and echoed signal addition, is converted into the analog pulse radar echo signal by digital to analog converter again.
The present invention also proposes a kind of pulse radar echo signal production method, and single-chip microcomputer is resolved parameter and formed the pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag that comprises information code and numeric data code, gives DSP by the MCBSP expansion interface with this data packet transmission; DSP resolves pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, DSP inter-sync signal generator, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator produce synchronizing signal, echo signal, noise and clutter respectively, send into signal synthesizer and produce pulsed radar echo digital signal, D/A is converted to the radar echo simulation signal with above-mentioned digital signal.
Pulse radar echo signal generator analog pulse radar echo signal of the present invention, do not need to recomputate the pulsed radar signal parameter change by PC, use flexibly, can produce waveform complexity, pulsed radar signal that frequency is high, be used to simulate the pulse radar echo signal under the specific environment, for the validity of verifying Radar Targets'Detection and track algorithm provides economic, effective means.This pulsed radar signal generator can be widely used in search lighting and tracker, precise guidance system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 pulse radar echo signal generator functional block diagram
Fig. 2 pulse radar echo signal generator hardware block diagram
Fig. 3 noise generator produces the cosine reflection method schematic diagram of noise
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are further described.
Fig. 1 is the pulse radar echo signal generator block diagram, pulse radar echo signal parameter according to the input of pulsed radar parametric generator, modules such as control synchronous generator, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator, signal synthesizer produce pulse radar echo signal in real time.
If x (t) expression comprises the pulse radar echo signal of target echo signal, noise and clutter, the pulse radar echo signal x (t) in the single cycle is expressed as:
x(t)＝s(t)+n(t)+c(t) 0≤t≤T
Wherein s (t), n (t) and c (t) represent target echo, noise and clutter respectively, and T is the cycle of pulsed radar.
Fig. 2 is the pulse radar echo signal generator hardware block diagram, comprises digital signal processing chip DSP (can adopt TMS320VC5410), power supply, data-carrier store SRAM, program storage FLASH, multichannel buffered serial port (MCBSP expansion interface), D/A (D/A) converter, single-chip microcomputer, keyboard and LCDs.Single-chip microcomputer is a host computer, and dsp system is a slave computer then, comprises modules such as synchronous generator, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator, signal synthesizer, timer among the DSP.Keyboard, LCDs link to each other with the single-chip microcomputer input/output end port, between single-chip microcomputer and the DSP (TMS320VC5410), and then adopt the MCBSP expansion interface to be connected between DSP and the D/A.Trigger pulse repetition rate, noise amplitude and variance, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), target initial distance and speed by keyboard, clutter amplitude and position isopulse radar signal parameter input single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is resolved back formation to parameter and is comprised information code and the two-part pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic of numeric data code bag, gives DSP by the MCBSP expansion interface with this data packet transmission; DSP resolves pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, promptly extract the numeric data code of corresponding parameter by parameter information sign indicating number classification, the size that gets parms is determined target echo, noise and clutter etc. with this pulsed radar signal parameter bag, form the digit pulse radar signal, be converted to simulating signal through D/A.Simultaneously, single-chip microcomputer is presented at above-mentioned treated parameter on the LCDs from output interface output.
Single-chip microcomputer receives from pulse repetition rate, noise amplitude and variance, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), target initial distance and the speed of keyboard input as processor controls, clutter amplitude and position isopulse radar signal parameter, it is resolved production burst radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, and each pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag comprises information code and numeric data code two parts in this packet.Information code is used to explain the type of pulsed radar signal parameter, comprising: the reference position of pulse repetition rate, target travel, the movement velocity of target, echo signal signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), noise amplitude, numeric data code are used for the concrete population size of interpretation parameters.Information code and numeric data code can adopt the sixteen bit sign indicating number, and wherein first eight bits is an information code, and back eight is numeric data code, also can adopt other expression mode.As adopting Binary Zero 0110000B indicating impulse repetition frequency in the present embodiment, 00110001B is the reference position of target travel, and 00110010B is the movement velocity of target, and 00110011B is the echo signal signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), and 00110100B is a noise amplitude.Processor controls passes to DSP with information code and numeric data code by the MCBSP expansion interface at twice with above-mentioned radar parameter packet, and DSP obtains pulsed radar signal parameter type and quantity from MCBSP expansion interface difference extract information codes and numeric data code.DSP resolves pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, and reduction comprises pulse repetition rate, noise amplitude and variance, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), target initial distance and speed, parameters such as clutter amplitude and position.Synchronous generator produces the synchronizing signal (frequency of synchronizing signal is identical with pulse repetition rate) of pulsed radar signal according to pulse repetition rate in the pulsed radar signal (PRF), timer in the DSP sheet is counted the dsp system clock, trigger timer in case the timer count value reaches unit echo Cycle Length and interrupt, produce synchronizing signal.This synchronizing signal can be square wave, the reiving/transmitting state of synchronizing signal reflection pulsed radar.The low trigger pulse radar is in emission state, and echoed signal is invalid; High level then trigger pulse radar is in accepting state, and echoed signal is effective, the recurrence interval of the negative edge gating pulse radar signal of synchronizing signal initial, the end of the recurrence interval of rising edge gating pulse radar signal.
The echo signal generator is according to target initial distance, speed parameter and signal to noise ratio snr, noise average M and the noise variance σ of pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag
2Calculate the echo signal position, render target signal waveform s (t).Illustrate as follows, by target initial distance y (0), speed V
0The position of calculating the target current time with timer interruption times f is provided with pulse signal as target region y (t) with target region y (t), and other zone is set to zero, and expression does not have target to exist.The echo signal generator is according to formula y (t)=y (0)+V
0(N) * and f * T calculated target positions, according to the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) formula
Calculate target pulse signal amplitude T.
Target echo signal invariably accompany noise and/or clutter, therefore producing more real noise and noise signal is to improve the principal element of pulsed radar signal generator performance.Noise generator of the present invention and clutter generator produce noise and clutter in real time according to the parameter of pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag, specifically can adopt following method (also can adopt other conventional method to produce noise and clutter), generate pseudo-random sequence { X by the Logistic algorithm unit in the noise generator
1, X
2..., X
N, cosine mapping algorithm unit is with the pseudo-random sequence { X that generates
1, X
2..., X
NAccording to the different frequency rearrangement generted noise sequence (Y that corresponds to
1, Y
2..., Y
N), simultaneously, utilize the DC level of noise average M adjustment noise sequence in the pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, the DC level amplitude of noise sequence equals the noise average, utilizes noise variance σ
2Amplify noise, adjust the dynamic range of noise sequence.Noise sequence (Y
1, Y
2..., Y
N) through after amplitude and the dynamic range adjustment, be converted to noise signal n (t) through digital to analog converter.
Below for example to generating pseudo-random sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
NThe Logistic homing method be described.Select one to be positioned at (1,1) interval initial value X at first at random
I-1, the Logistic algorithm unit calls following formula
Carry out interative computation and calculate currency, again currency is calculated next currency as the above-mentioned formula of initial value substitution, the next one value after the iteration also can drop in the interval (1,1), and so repeated calculation is N time, produces N sequential value { X that is positioned at (1,1)
1, X
2..., X
N.X wherein
I-1, X
iBe respectively the calculated value after (i-1) and i the iteration, N is the hits of pulsed radar signal in the individual pulse cycle.
Fig. 3 is for producing the cosine reflection method theory diagram of noise.Cosine mapping algorithm unit is to pseudo-random sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
NIn each element X
iDetect one by one, whether it satisfies with lower inequality, cos (π)＜X
i＜cos (k π/N), thus its rearrangement is generated random noise signal, as satisfy above-mentioned relation cos (π)＜X
i(k π/N), then Xi is set to random noise sequences (Y to＜cos
1, Y
2..., Y
N) k data, { X in sequence
1, X
2..., X
NA N data have all adjusted the acquisition noise sequences, k=1 wherein, 2 ... N.
The clutter generator produces clutter c (t) according to clutter position in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag and amplitude, promptly according to the clutter location positioning clutter zone in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag, being provided with and producing amplitude in the clutter zone is the signal of clutter amplitude, and other zone then is zero.Echo signal waveform s (t), noise n (t) and clutter c (t) addition that synthesized signal generator produces echo signal generator, noise generator and clutter generator, generate the digit pulse radar echo signal, be converted into analog pulse radar echo signal x (t) by digital to analog converter again.The Radar Signal Processing system can utilize the simulating signal that is produced to carry out target detection and identification, validation signal disposal system correctness and validity.
Claims (9)
1. pulse radar echo signal generator, comprise: digital signal processor DSP, data-carrier store, multichannel buffered serial port, D/A, single-chip microcomputer, keyboard and LCDs, it is characterized in that, the built-in synchronous generator of DSP, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator, signal synthesizer, timer, single-chip microcomputer is resolved the back to parameter and is formed the pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag that comprises information code and numeric data code, gives DSP by the MCBSP expansion interface with this data packet transmission; DSP resolves pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, synchronous generator, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator produce synchronizing signal, echo signal, noise and clutter respectively, send into signal synthesizer and produce pulsed radar echo digital signal, D/A is converted to pulsed radar analogue echoes signal with above-mentioned digital signal.
2. according to the described pulse radar echo signal generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that, synchronous generator is set according to pulse repetition rate in the pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag and the startup timer, produce the down trigger synchronous generator and produce synchronizing signal, the reiving/transmitting state of synchronizing signal gating pulse radar, the recurrence interval of the negative edge gating pulse radar echo signal of synchronizing signal initial, the end of the recurrence interval of rising edge gating pulse radar echo signal; According to signal to noise ratio snr, noise average M and noise variance σ in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag
2, the echo signal generator is according to formula
Calculate echo signal amplitude T, determine the amplitude of target pulse radar echo signal thus.
3. according to the described pulse radar echo signal generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that, noise generator produces random series, to random series rearrangement generted noise signal, and according to the noise amplitude in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag that receives the noise signal amplitude is adjusted in real time; The echo signal generator produces monocycle target echo signal digital waveform, according to target initial distance, speed and timer interruption times calculated target positions in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag.
4. according to the described pulse radar echo signal generator of claim 3, it is characterized in that noise generator adopts the Logistic algorithm to generate pseudo-random sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
N, adopt the cosine mapping algorithm corresponding to the pseudo-random sequence that generates, rearrangement generted noise signal with corresponding frequency; According to the DC level of the adjustment of the parametric noise average M in pulsed radar signal parameter bag noise, noise variance σ
2Amplify noise.
5. according to the described pulse radar echo signal generator of claim 4, it is characterized in that described cosine mapping algorithm is specially: cosine mapping algorithm unit is to pseudo-random sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
NIn each element X
iDetect one by one, concern cos (π)＜X as satisfying
i＜cos (k π/N), then with X
iBe set to random noise sequences (Y
1, Y
2..., Y
N) k data, up to sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
NIn N data all adjusted, with acquisition noise sequence, k=1 wherein, 2 ... N, N are the hits of pulsed radar signal in the individual pulse cycle.
6. a pulse radar echo signal production method is characterized in that, single-chip microcomputer is resolved parameter and formed the pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag that comprises information code and numeric data code, gives DSP by the MCBSP expansion interface with this data packet transmission; DSP resolves pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, DSP inter-sync signal generator, echo signal generator, noise generator, clutter generator produce synchronizing signal, echo signal, noise and clutter respectively, send into signal synthesizer and produce pulsed radar echo digital signal, D/A is converted to the radar echo simulation signal with above-mentioned digital signal.
7. pulse radar echo signal production method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, synchronous generator starts timer according to pulse repetition rate in the pulsed radar signal supplemental characteristic bag, produce the down trigger synchronous generator and produce synchronizing signal, the reiving/transmitting state of synchronizing signal gating pulse radar, the recurrence interval of the negative edge gating pulse radar echo signal of synchronizing signal initial, the end of the recurrence interval of rising edge gating pulse radar echo signal; According to signal to noise ratio snr, noise average M and noise variance σ in the pulsed radar supplemental characteristic bag
2, the echo signal generator is according to formula
Calculate echo signal amplitude T, determine the amplitude of target pulse radar echo signal thus.
8. pulse radar echo signal production method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, noise generator adopts the Logistic algorithm to generate pseudo-random sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
N, adopt the cosine mapping algorithm corresponding to the pseudo-random sequence that generates, rearrangement generted noise signal with corresponding frequency; According to the DC level of the adjustment of the parametric noise average M in pulsed radar signal parameter bag noise, noise variance σ
2Amplify noise.
9. pulse radar echo signal production method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, described cosine mapping algorithm is specially: cosine mapping algorithm unit is to pseudo-random sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
NIn each element X
iDetect one by one, concern cos (π)＜X as satisfying
i＜cos (k π/N), then with X
iBe set to random noise sequences (Y
1, Y
2..., Y
N) k data, up to sequence { X
1, X
2..., X
NIn N data all adjusted, with acquisition noise sequence, k=1 wherein, 2 ... N, N are the hits of pulsed radar signal in the individual pulse cycle.
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