CN101914052B - Oxiracetam compound and new method thereof - Google Patents

Oxiracetam compound and new method thereof Download PDF

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CN101914052B
CN101914052B CN2010102413284A CN201010241328A CN101914052B CN 101914052 B CN101914052 B CN 101914052B CN 2010102413284 A CN2010102413284 A CN 2010102413284A CN 201010241328 A CN201010241328 A CN 201010241328A CN 101914052 B CN101914052 B CN 101914052B
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hydroxyl
pyrrolidone
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ethyle acetate
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CN101914052A (en
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胡建荣
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Hainan Lingkang Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to an oxiracetam compound and a new method thereof. In the method, 3-chloro-2-hydroxy propionitrile is used as an initial raw material. The method comprises the following steps of: synthesizing 4-hydroxyl-2-pyrrolidone through 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-butylamide; and then synthesizing oxiracetam. The invention overcomes the defects of complicated preparation process, trouble steps, high cost, low product purity and difficult purification of the prior art.

Description

A kind of preparation method of oxiracetam compound
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oxiracetam compound and novel method thereof, belong to medical technical field.
Background technology
Oxiracetam, chemistry is by name: 4-hydroxyl-2-OXo-1-pyrrolidine ethanamide, molecular formula: C 6H 10N 2O 3Molecular weight: 158.16, structural formula is:
Oxiracetam is the analogue of piracetam, can improve senile dementia and dysmnesia disease patient's memory and learning functionality.Mechanism result of study prompting, oxiracetam can promote that Phosphorylcholine and phosphatidyl ethanolamine are synthetic, and the ratio of ATP/ADP in the raising brain makes the synthetic increase of protein and nucleic acid in the brain.
Oxiracetam is more synthetic first in 1974 than Qie Mu company by Italian SmithKline, listing in 1984, by two kinds of isomer (S)-oxiracetam with (R)-raceme that oxiracetam is formed.At present, the synthetic route of bibliographical information has multiple:
Chinese patent CN1513836A discloses the method for a kind of 4-of preparation hydroxy pyrrolidone-2-acetamine (oxiracetam); With 4-halo acetoacetate derivative is starting raw material; At first the trinitride with basic metal or earth alkali metal reacts; After obtaining 4-nitrine acetoacetate derivative, through steps such as hydrogenation, cyclisation, ammonifications, finally obtain oxiracetam again.Synthetic route is:
Figure BSA00000211460500012
Disclosing improving one's methods of a kind of oxiracetam among the Chinese patent CN101121688A, is that starting raw material prepares oxiracetam with the ketene dimer, and through the chlorination open loop, resterification makes oxiracetam.Synthetic route is:
Figure BSA00000211460500022
Above-mentioned two patent synthetic routes are comparatively complicated, consuming time longer, cause the finished product yield very low, increased cost greatly, are not suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Chinese patent CN101575309A discloses a kind of method of synthetic (S)-oxiracetam, is starting raw material with the glycocoll, with chiral reagent (S)-4-halogen-3-butyric ester reaction; Carry out esterification with ethanol again; Product reacts with ammoniacal liquor again, and ammonia is separated, and obtains product (S)-oxiracetam.Synthetic route is:
Figure BSA00000211460500031
Chinese patent CN1956953A discloses the preparation method of a kind of 4-hydroxyl-2-oxidation-1-pyrrolidine acetamide, and synthetic route is:
Figure BSA00000211460500032
Above-mentioned two patent steps are simple, but used midbody is difficult for purchase, costs an arm and a leg, and cost is high, and the final product purity that obtains is lower, and is not easy purifying.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel method of synthesizing oxiracetam compound, solved preparation process complicacy in the prior art, complex steps, cost is high, and product purity is low, is difficult for the shortcoming of purifying.
The technical scope that the present invention solves comprises:
The compound method of the oxiracetam compound shown in a kind of formula (I),
Figure BSA00000211460500033
Synthesis step is:
(1), makes midbody (III) 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine with 3-chloro-acetaldehyde cyanhydrin and vitriol oil stirring reaction under heating condition of formula (II);
(2) condensation reaction generation midbody (IV) 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone takes place in 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine in the presence of sodium hydroxide;
(3) under solvent and sodium methylate existence condition, with ethyl chloroacetate prepared in reaction midbody (VI) 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE of 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone and formula V;
(4) under the absolute ethyl alcohol existence condition, place autoclave to react in 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE and liquefied ammonia, make oxiracetam.
Synthetic route is:
Figure BSA00000211460500041
Wherein, (II) be 3-chloro-acetaldehyde cyanhydrin; (III) be 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine; (IV) be 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone; (V) be ethyl chloroacetate; (VI) be 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE; Et represents ethyl.
Preferably; The solvent of step (3) is selected from a kind of in isopropyl ether, ether, ethylene dichloride, santochlor, acetonitrile, hexanaphthene, sherwood oil, ETHYLE ACETATE, dimethylol propionic acid, methylene dichloride, trifluoroacetic acid, the methyl-phenoxide in the above-mentioned described method, is preferably isopropyl ether.
As the present invention's one preferred embodiment, the preparation method of described oxiracetam compound specifically comprises the steps:
(1) the 3-chloro-acetaldehyde cyanhydrin and the vitriol oil are mixed, stir, be warmed up to 50-60 ℃; Reaction 2-3h, cool to room temperature is poured reactant in the mixture of ice and water into then; Stir; Use ethyl acetate extraction, the anhydrous sodium sulfate drying organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure gets oily matter product 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine;
(2) will go up step midbody 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine and absolute ethyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide mixing, be warmed up to 50-60 ℃, reaction 10-15h; Ethanol is reclaimed in underpressure distillation then; In residuum, add ETHYLE ACETATE, stir 20-30min, filter; Concentrating under reduced pressure, residue gets 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone with the Virahol recrystallization;
(3) 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone and sodium methylate, isopropyl ether are mixed, be stirred and heated to backflow, stirring reaction 4-5h; Slowly drip the solution that ethyl chloroacetate and isopropyl ether form then, keep simultaneously being reflected at reflux state, continue reaction 4-5 hour after dripping; Cool to room temperature then; Cross and filter out residue, underpressure distillation gets 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE;
(4) in autoclave, add absolute ethyl alcohol and 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE, and feed liquefied ammonia, stirring reaction 20-24 hour under certain condition; After reaction finishes; With the reaction solution cool to room temperature, reclaim ammonia, the underpressure distillation solvent is to doing; Use ethyl alcohol recrystallization again, get white crystals product oxiracetam.
Wherein step (4) reaction kettle pressure remains on 7atm, and maintain is at 55-60 ℃.
Embodiment
Synthesizing of embodiment 1 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine
In three mouthfuls of reaction flasks, add 478g (4mol) the 3-chloro-acetaldehyde cyanhydrin and the 500ml vitriol oil, stir, be warmed up to 50 ℃; Reaction 2h, cool to room temperature is poured reactant in the mixture of ice and water of 2000ml then; Stir, use the ethyl acetate extraction three times of 800ml respectively, the anhydrous sodium sulfate drying organic phase; Concentrating under reduced pressure gets oily matter product 495g product, yield 90%.
Synthesizing of embodiment 2 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidones
To go up step midbody 275g (2mol) 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine and 2L absolute ethyl alcohol, the mixing of 85g sodium hydroxide, be warmed up to 50 ℃, reaction 15h; Ethanol is reclaimed in underpressure distillation then, in residuum, adds 1000ml ETHYLE ACETATE, stirs 30min; Filter, remove insolubles, concentrating under reduced pressure ETHYLE ACETATE; Residue adopts the Virahol recrystallization to get white solid 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone 161g, yield 80%.
Synthesizing of embodiment 3 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE
In reaction flask, add isopropyl ether 1000ml and 101g (1mol) 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone, 60g sodium methylate, be stirred and heated to backflow, stirring reaction 5h; Solution becomes clear liquid, slowly drips the solution that 122g (1mol) ethyl chloroacetate and 500ml isopropyl ether form then, keeps being reflected at reflux state simultaneously; Continue reaction 5h after dripping; Cool to room temperature is crossed and is filtered to remove the solid residue in the reaction solution, decompression and solvent recovery then; The underpressure distillation product gets the 147g colourless liquid again, yield 79%.
Synthesizing of embodiment 4 oxiracetams
In autoclave, add absolute ethyl alcohol 600ml with on the product 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE 93g (0.5mol) in step, and in reaction kettle, feed liquefied ammonia 350g, the pressure of reaction kettle is remained on 7atm; Maintain is at 55-60 ℃, and stirring reaction 24h is after reaction finishes; With the reaction solution cool to room temperature, with the ammonia of regenerating column absorbing redundant, the underpressure distillation solvent is to doing; The ethyl alcohol recrystallization of adding 90% gets white crystals product oxiracetam 71g, yield 90%; Purity 99.9%, MP:168 ℃.
Structural identification
1HNMR(CDCl 3,300MHz)δ1.33(t,3H,J=7.2Hz),2.38(dd,1H,J=17.5,J=2.8Hz),2.69(dd,1H,J=17.2,J=6.7Hz),3.36(dd,1H,J=10.1,J=1.7Hz),3.72(dd,1H,J=10.0,J=5.2Hz),3.94(d,1H,J=17.7Hz),4.22(d,1H,J=17.1Hz),4.33(q,2H,J=7.2Hz),4.35(bs,1H),4.57(m,1H)。

Claims (5)

1. the compound method of the oxiracetam compound shown in the formula (I),
It is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) with 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile and vitriol oil stirring reaction under heating condition, makes 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine;
(2) condensation reaction generation 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone takes place in 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine in the presence of sodium hydroxide;
(3) under solvent and sodium methylate existence condition, with 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone and ethyl chloroacetate prepared in reaction 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE;
(4) under the absolute ethyl alcohol existence condition, place autoclave to react in 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE and liquefied ammonia, make oxiracetam;
Synthetic route is:
Figure FSB00000761463600012
In the synthetic route, (II) be 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile; (III) be 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine; (IV) be 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone; (V) be ethyl chloroacetate; (VI) be 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE; Et represents ethyl.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that solvent in the step (3) is selected from a kind of in isopropyl ether, ether, ethylene dichloride, santochlor, acetonitrile, hexanaphthene, sherwood oil, ETHYLE ACETATE, methylene dichloride, the methyl-phenoxide.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the solvent in the step (3) is an isopropyl ether.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that specifically comprising the steps:
(1) the 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile and the vitriol oil are mixed, stir, be warmed up to 50-60 ℃; Reaction 2-3h, cool to room temperature is poured reactant in the mixture of ice and water into then; Stir; Use ethyl acetate extraction, the anhydrous sodium sulfate drying organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure gets oily matter product 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine;
(2) will go up step midbody 4-chloro-3-hydroxyl-yulocrotine and absolute ethyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide mixing, be warmed up to 50-60 ℃, reaction 10-15h; Ethanol is reclaimed in underpressure distillation then; In residuum, add ETHYLE ACETATE, stir 20-30min, filter; Concentrating under reduced pressure, residue gets 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone with the Virahol recrystallization;
(3) 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone and sodium methylate, isopropyl ether are mixed, be stirred and heated to backflow, stirring reaction 4-5h; Slowly drip the solution that ethyl chloroacetate and isopropyl ether form then, keep simultaneously being reflected at reflux state, continue reaction 4-5 hour after dripping; Cool to room temperature then; Cross and filter out residue, underpressure distillation gets 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE;
(4) in autoclave, add absolute ethyl alcohol and 4-hydroxyl-2-Pyrrolidone ETHYLE ACETATE, and feed liquefied ammonia, stirring reaction 20-24 hour; After reaction finishes; With the reaction solution cool to room temperature, reclaim ammonia, the underpressure distillation solvent is to doing; Use ethyl alcohol recrystallization again, get white crystals product oxiracetam.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that reaction kettle pressure remains on 7atm in the step (4), and maintain is at 55-60 ℃.
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CN102603599B (en) * 2011-01-21 2014-06-11 温州智创科技有限公司 Method for preparing (S)-oxiracetam
CN102603597B (en) * 2011-01-21 2014-01-22 重庆润泽医药有限公司 Preparation method of (S)-oxiracetam
CN102321007B (en) * 2011-07-18 2013-05-08 石药集团欧意药业有限公司 Oxiracetam compound and preparation method as well as medicine composition thereof
CN102627596B (en) * 2012-03-16 2016-01-27 天津景寅医药生物技术发展有限公司 A kind of preparation method of Esomeprazole
CN103342673B (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-11-18 石药集团欧意药业有限公司 A kind of Oxiracetam crystal form and preparation method thereof
CN103588695B (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-08-05 石药集团欧意药业有限公司 Oxiracetam compound of a kind of crystallized form and preparation method thereof

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CN1268611C (en) * 2002-06-22 2006-08-09 张家港浩波化学品有限公司 Method of preparing 4-hydroxy pyrrolidone-2-acetamine

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