A kind of method of utilizing functional composite sol enriching sulfur and iron elements from cyanidation tailings
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical slag higher value application technical field, particularly a kind of method of utilizing functional composite sol enriching sulfur and iron elements from cyanidation tailings.
Background technology
China's gold output was by 175 tons of 313.9 tons of increasing to 2009 in 2000, and growth rate reaches 80%, and amplification was about 6.8% every year on average, surmounted South Africa from 2007, ranked the first in the world pan state in continuous 3 years.The main method that extracts gold from the world has floatation, cyaniding, cyanide barren solution gold extracting method (comprising zinc dust precipitation technology, active carbon absorption technology and nonionic adsorption resin technology etc.), non-cyanogen lixiviation process (comprising non-cyanogen leaching agents such as using thiocarbamide, bromine, chlorine, iodine, nitrogen, thiocyanate, thiosulfate), dump leaching method again, and at the pretreating process such as roasting method, pressure oxidation method, biological oxidation process and other chemical oxidization method of refractory gold ore.In numerous methods and industry, it is the main method that world's gold selects smelting that gold is carried in cyaniding leaching, has 80% all to adopt extraction of gold by cyanidation approximately to calendar year 2001 newly-built in the world gold mine.In China, cyaniding is simple to operate with it, and the low and good mineral selectivity of expense is widely used in the gold production.
The extraction of gold by cyanidation process produces a large amount of cyanidation tailings, and granularity is superfine, viscosity is big, the argillization phenomenon is serious, mineral composition is complicated, except that containing low-grade Au, Ag, also contains valuable element and hypertoxic CN such as a certain amount of Fe, S, Cu, Pb, Zn, Sb, As, Si
-And the residual contamination medicament, be a kind ofly have a large capacity and a wide range, high pollution but the higher metallurgical slag of comprehensive utilization value.China's cyanidation tailings volume of cargo in storage now surpasses 2,000 ten thousand tons/year, takes up an area of up to ten thousand square kilometres, and abandon, pollute, administer the economic loss that causes because of heap and reach over ten billion Yuan every year.The heap of cyanidation tailings is abandoned to cause environment and is had a strong impact on, such as a large amount of land occupations, and waste mineral resources, residual hypertoxic CN
-River soil is polluted influence ecological environment, the dam break in mine tailing storehouse even can cause security hidden trouble.
The conventional process mode of cyanidation tailings is simply to store up or landfill, and a large amount of valuable elements are wasted.Domestic in recent years Zijin mining industry, Shandong recruit Billion Group, Lingbao City's gold, in gold mining enterprises such as golden yellow gold carried out the industrialization of cyanidation tailings comprehensively being reclaimed valuable element Cu, Zn, Pb, obtain certain actual effect, though but also contain a large amount of low-grade sulfur and iron elements through the cyanidation tailings of multielement recycling, but because handle through multiple working procedure, the aggravation of argillization phenomenon, granularity attenuates, and viscosity strengthens, and still contains hypertoxic CN
-And the residual contamination medicament, directly still there is the hidden danger of contaminated environment in the useless admittedly discharging of conduct.Domestic some gold mining enterprises is utilized the relieving haperacidity of this cyanidation tailings fluidized bed roasting, but because the particularity and the grade fluctuation of raw material, cause on the one hand that the acid making system operation stability is poor, utilization rate of waste heat is low, relieving haperacidity burning slag ferrous grade is low on the other hand, can't directly use as iron-smelting raw material, can only be as cement raw material, added value of product is low, and the digestion amount is very limited.Therefore also do not form industrialization technology at present for the high value added utilization that has sorted the cyanidation tailings that contains a large amount of sulphur, iron resource behind the non-ferrous metal.
Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN101658819A, introduced " a kind of multielement composite recovery process ", this technology comprises that lead concentrate reclaims, the copper zinc concentrate reclaims and the sulphur concentrate reclaims, through one thick, two sweep, two smart flow processs, obtain lead concentrate and copper zinc concentrate, but the sulphur concentrate grade only has less than 30%, can't realize that relieving haperacidity burns slag iron grade greater than 63% technical indicator.The Chinese invention patent of patent No. ZL200710016601.1; introduced " a kind of method of utilizing waste water and dregs to extract valuable element "; with cyanidation tailings and acid waste water mixing preliminary treatment; add protection alkali and carry out flotation; obtain sulphur concentrate average grade 40-45%; the remaining fund grade is greater than 7%, do not write iron concentrate grade after the roasting exactly.The Chinese invention patent of patent No. ZL200510119056.X, introduced " Sulfogen ore impurity-removing, purifying and flotation process ", this technology at first flotation reclaims Cu in the cyanidation tailings, Pb, elements such as Zn, remaining low-grade sulphur concentrate at first sizes mixing to pH=1~4 with the concentrated sulfuric acid, pulp density 60%, activation sulphur ore deposit, thin up is sized mixing again, is collecting agent with aerofloat 226, thick through one, two sweep, the flow process of three essences obtains high-grade sulphur concentrate, this technical indicator is better, but the collecting agent price is higher, and separating step is many, especially adopt surface, finished product strong acid treatment sulphur ore deposit, price is higher, etching apparatus, cost height.In addition, also have some patented technologies, on reagent cost, technological process and technical indicator, all have certain limitation about cyanidation tailings extraction sulfur and iron elements.
The above-mentioned state of the art shows, to select the higher value application of cyanidation tailings be the difficult problem that must solve during gold is produced for having sorted the particulate that contains a large amount of sulphur iron resources, high pollution, difficulty behind the non-ferrous metal, and its difficult point is how to eliminate the CN that exists in the ore pulp
-With pollute the spontaneous building-up effect that inhibition and the control fine mineral high-ratio surface of medicament to the enrichment of follow-up sulfur and iron elements can cause, find the dispersion and the activation method that are fit to this special material, when improving technical target of the product, can simplify separating step again, reduce separation costs.Use conventional dose such as concentrated acid, copper sulphate, vulcanized sodium etc. that cyanidation tailings is disperseed in the reported method and activated DeGrain.The present invention is from the special feedstock property of cyanidation tailings, start with from the angle of electrochemistry and colloid chemistry, propose to adopt the water-solubility function functional composite sol, do not use strong acid size mixing the activation prerequisite under, utilize functional composite sol and fine mineral specific adsorption to disperse mineral,, realized fine mineral and gangue in the efficient dispersion cyanidation tailings ore pulp simultaneously to the fine mineral surface modification, activation sulfur-bearing mineral surface is removed CN
-With the influence of polluting medicament, improve the functioning efficiency of itself and xanthate, thereby obtain the sulphur concentrate of better technical indicator, this sulphur concentrate sulphur grade is 47-50%, and mine tailing sulphur grade is 1-3%, and sulfur recovery rate is 92-97%.Owing to the reinforcement of functional composite sol to separation process, separating step is simplified simultaneously, and equipment cost reduces.The burning slag of the sulphur concentrate of this technology output behind fluidized bed roasting is the smart powder of iron, and the smart powder iron of this iron grade is 63-65%, and the sulphur grade is 0.1-0.3%, need not magnetic separation, and a step obtains meeting the iron ore concentrate of iron-smelting raw material standard.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing functional composite sol enriching sulfur and iron elements from cyanidation tailings.Select this metallurgical slag that has a large capacity and a wide range of high pollution cyanidation tailings at the particulate difficulty that reclaims PROCESS FOR TREATMENT through Cu, Zn, Pb multielement, adopt the water-solubility function complex sol fully to disperse and activate the sulphur ore deposit, the sulfur and iron elements that efficiently concentrating extracts wherein obtains the sulphur concentrate, this sulphur concentrate burns the slag ferrous grade and reaches the iron-smelting raw material requirement through fluidized bed roasting.
The functional composite sol of enriching sulfur and iron elements from cyanidation tailings is bronzing complex inorganic salt catalyst powder when solid-state, with the water-soluble functional composite sol of making 10wt% of powder, utilizes the technology of sulfur and iron elements in this colloidal sol separation and Extraction cyanidation tailings as follows:
(1) will select the high pollution cyanidation tailings to add water through the particulate difficulty of Cu, Zn, Pb multielement recovery technology and in tank diameter, stir 10-20min, generate ore pulp, concentration is 30-35%, adds the 6wt% dilute sulfuric acid and stir 2-10min in ore pulp, adjust pH=5~7, form the A ore pulp; In the A ore pulp, add the 10wt% functional composite sol and stir 2-10min, form the B ore pulp.
(2) elder generation adds butyl xanthate 240-480g/t and stirs 2-10min in the B ore pulp, adds terpenic oil 20-60g/t again and stirs 2-10min, forms the C ore pulp.
(3) one roughing:
To the C ore pulp, charge into air and continue to stir 1-2min from the tank diameter bottom.Unlatching tank diameter top scraper plate scrapes one roughing tank diameter upper foam standby, and scraping the bubble time is 10-20min.Residue is one roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp in the groove.
(4) once purging selection:
One roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp is joined in the once purging selection tank diameter, add butyl xanthate 60-120g/t therein and stir 2-10min earlier, add terpenic oil 5-15g/t again and stir 2-10min, form the D ore pulp.To the D ore pulp, charge into air and continue to stir 1-2min from the tank diameter bottom.Unlatching tank diameter top scraper plate scrapes once purging selection tank diameter upper foam standby, and scraping the bubble time is 6-20min.Residue is mine tailing for once purging selection tank diameter residue ore pulp after dehydrating in the groove.
(5) primary cleaning:
One roughing tank diameter upper foam is joined the primary cleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air and continue to stir 1-2min from the tank diameter bottom.Unlatching tank diameter top scraper plate scrapes primary cleaning tank diameter upper foam standby, and scraping the bubble time is 8-20min.Residue is primary cleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp in the groove.Primary cleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp and once purging selection tank diameter upper foam merge returns the next round one roughing as chats.
(6) recleaning:
Primary cleaning tank diameter upper foam is joined the recleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air and continue to stir 1-2min from the tank diameter bottom.Unlatching tank diameter top scraper plate scrapes recleaning tank diameter upper foam standby, and scraping the bubble time is 8-20min.Recleaning tank diameter upper foam is the sulphur concentrate after dehydrating.Residue is recleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp in the groove.Recleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp returns the next round primary cleaning as chats.
Above-mentioned technological process (1)-(6) are to take turns closed circuit separation and Extraction flow process, after process 4-5 takes turns closed circuit separation and Extraction flow process, products obtained therefrom is taken turns flow process sulphur concentrate and tailings for each, last is taken turns flow process and produces chats, in actual production, final products are high-grade sulphur concentrate and tailings, and chats returns circulation.
The invention has the advantages that: utilize the dispersion and the activation of functional composite sol, select cyanidation tailings fully to activate difficulty, therefrom the sulphur concentrate and tailings technical indicator of separation and concentration is all higher.Whole flow process backwater all utilizes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the cyanidation tailings high efficiency extraction sulfur and iron elements of employing functional composite sol
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings filter cake chemical composition is as follows:
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings filter cake constituent content (%) of table 1.
Element |
S |
Fe |
Cu |
Zn |
Pb |
As |
Content |
28.14 |
24.22 |
0.15 |
0.146 |
0.243 |
0.011 |
(1) above-mentioned cyanidation tailings filter cake is added water and stir 10min in tank diameter, pulp density 30% adds the 6wt% dilute sulfuric acid and stirs 2min in right amount in ore pulp, adjust pH=5, form the A ore pulp, add the 10wt% functional composite sol and adjust agent stirring 2min, form the B ore pulp;
(2) elder generation adds butyl xanthate 240g/t and stirs 2min in the B ore pulp, add terpenic oil 20g/t again and stir 2min, form the C ore pulp, to the C ore pulp, charge into air and continue to stir 1min from the tank diameter bottom, carry out one roughing 10min, scrape upper foam and wait until primary cleaning, one roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp enters to be scanned;
(3) one roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp enters and scans, and adds butyl xanthate 60g/t therein earlier and stirs 2min, adds terpenic oil 5g/t again and stirs 2min, forms the D ore pulp.Charge into air from tank diameter bottom to the D ore pulp and carry out once purging selection 6min, it is stand-by to scrape upper foam, scans tank diameter residue ore pulp and is true tailings;
(4) one roughing tank diameter upper foam enters the primary cleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air through the 8min primary cleaning from the tank diameter bottom, scrape upper foam and wait until recleaning, primary cleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp and once purging selection tank diameter upper foam merge returns the next round one roughing as chats;
(5) primary cleaning tank diameter upper foam enters the recleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air through the 8min recleaning from the tank diameter bottom, scrape upper foam and be final high-grade sulphur concentrate, recleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp returns the next round primary cleaning as chats.
Above-mentioned technological process is closed circuit separation and Extraction flow process, take turns closed circuit experiment through 4 after, final products are high-grade sulphur concentrate and tailings, chats returns circulation.Whole flow process backwater all utilizes.Technical target of the product is as follows:
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings of table 2. extracts separate sulfur ferro element experimental result (%)
Embodiment 2
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings filter cake chemical composition is as follows:
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings filter cake constituent content (%) of table 3.
Element |
S |
Fe |
Cu |
Zn |
Pb |
As |
Content |
27.25 |
23.67 |
0.14 |
0.135 |
0.240 |
0.010 |
(1) above-mentioned cyanidation tailings filter cake is added water and stir 15min in tank diameter, pulp density 33% adds the 6wt% dilute sulfuric acid and stirs 6min in right amount in ore pulp, adjust pH=6, form the A ore pulp, add the 10wt% functional composite sol and adjust agent stirring 6min, form the B ore pulp;
(2) elder generation adds butyl xanthate 360g/t and stirs 6min in the B ore pulp, add terpenic oil 40g/t again and stir 6min, form the C ore pulp, to the C ore pulp, charge into air and continue to stir 1min from the tank diameter bottom, carry out one roughing 15min, scrape upper foam and wait until primary cleaning, one roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp enters to be scanned;
(3) one roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp enters and scans, and adds butyl xanthate 90g/t therein earlier and stirs 6min, adds terpenic oil 10g/t again and stirs 6min, forms the D ore pulp.Charge into air from tank diameter bottom to the D ore pulp and carry out once purging selection 12min, it is stand-by to scrape upper foam, scans tank diameter residue ore pulp and is true tailings;
(4) one roughing tank diameter upper foam enters the primary cleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air through the 15min primary cleaning from the tank diameter bottom, scrape upper foam and wait until recleaning, primary cleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp and once purging selection tank diameter upper foam merge returns the next round one roughing as chats;
(5) primary cleaning tank diameter upper foam enters the recleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air through the 15min recleaning from the tank diameter bottom, scrape upper foam and be final high-grade sulphur concentrate, recleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp returns the next round primary cleaning as chats.
Above-mentioned technological process is closed circuit separation and Extraction flow process, take turns closed circuit experiment through 4 after, final products are high-grade sulphur concentrate and tailings, chats returns circulation.Whole flow process backwater all utilizes.Technical target of the product is as follows:
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings of table 4. extracts separate sulfur ferro element experimental result (%)
Embodiment 3
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings filter cake chemical composition is as follows:
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings filter cake constituent content (%) of table 5.
Element |
S |
Fe |
Cu |
Zn |
Pb |
As |
Content |
25.94 |
26.47 |
0.14 |
0.16 |
0.251 |
0.011 |
(1) above-mentioned cyanidation tailings filter cake is added water and stir 20min in tank diameter, pulp density 35% adds the 6wt% dilute sulfuric acid and stirs 10min in right amount in ore pulp, adjust pH=7, form the A ore pulp, add the 10wt% functional composite sol and adjust agent stirring 10min, form the B ore pulp;
(2) elder generation adds butyl xanthate 480g/t and stirs 10min in the B ore pulp, add terpenic oil 60g/t again and stir 10min, form the C ore pulp, to the C ore pulp, charge into air and continue to stir 2min from the tank diameter bottom, carry out one roughing 20min, scrape upper foam and wait until primary cleaning, one roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp enters to be scanned;
(3) one roughing tank diameter residue ore pulp enters and scans, and adds butyl xanthate 120g/t therein earlier and stirs 20min, adds terpenic oil 15g/t again and stirs 20min, forms the D ore pulp.Charge into air from tank diameter bottom to the D ore pulp and carry out once purging selection 20min, it is stand-by to scrape upper foam, scans tank diameter residue ore pulp and is true tailings;
(4) one roughing tank diameter upper foam enters the primary cleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air through the 20min primary cleaning from the tank diameter bottom, scrape upper foam and wait until recleaning, primary cleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp and once purging selection tank diameter upper foam merge returns the next round one roughing as chats;
(5) primary cleaning tank diameter upper foam enters the recleaning tank diameter, do not add any medicament, charge into air through the 20min recleaning from the tank diameter bottom, scrape upper foam and be final high-grade sulphur concentrate, recleaning tank diameter residue ore pulp returns the next round primary cleaning as chats.
Above-mentioned technological process is sulfuric acid plant's own flotation workshop separation and Extraction flow process, take turns closed circuit experiment through 4 after, final products are high-grade sulphur concentrate and tailings, chats returns circulation.Whole flow process backwater all utilizes.Technical target of the product is as follows:
Certain gold mine cyaniding tailings of table 6. extracts separate sulfur ferro element experimental result (%)