CN101908763B - Distribution network loop closing control method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及电网合环技术的领域，尤其涉及一种配网合环控制方法。The invention relates to the field of power grid loop closure technology, in particular to a distribution network loop closure control method.
背景技术 Background technique
由于国民经济的不断发展，对供电可靠性提出了更高的要求，双向供电和多电源供电的模式是提高电力系统配网供电可靠性的一种有效的供电模式。在该供电模式下，在停电检修、突发事故或负荷转移时，可以通过合环操作选择适当的供电路径，从而保证了配电网对用户的可靠供电，提高配电网运行的经济性，提高供电企业的经济效益和社会效益。因此合环操作是电力系统运行操作中必不可少的环节。Due to the continuous development of the national economy, higher requirements are put forward for the reliability of power supply. The mode of two-way power supply and multi-power supply is an effective power supply mode to improve the reliability of power supply in power system distribution network. In this power supply mode, in the event of power outage maintenance, unexpected accidents or load transfer, the appropriate power supply path can be selected through the loop closing operation, thereby ensuring the reliable power supply of the distribution network to users and improving the economy of the distribution network operation. Improve the economic and social benefits of power supply enterprises. Therefore, the loop closing operation is an indispensable link in the operation of the power system.
在合环操作时，需要校验合环后的稳态电流避免设备过载，而在一般情况下，操作人员只能凭经验决定是否可以合环，通常采用比较保守的做法，在没有特别的把握时尽量避免合环操作，但这仍然无法保证每次合环操作的安全性，降低配电网供电的可靠性。During the loop closing operation, it is necessary to check the steady-state current after the loop closing to avoid equipment overload. In general, the operator can only decide whether the loop can be closed based on experience. Usually, a relatively conservative approach is adopted. If there is no special certainty Try to avoid the loop closing operation, but this still cannot guarantee the safety of each loop closing operation and reduce the reliability of the power supply of the distribution network.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中配网合环的控制方法较不安全的缺陷，本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种能够实现较安全的配网合环操作的配网合环的控制方法，有助于配网调度人员对地区电力网络进行安全的调整。Aiming at the relatively unsafe defect of the control method of the distribution network closing loop in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a control method of the distribution network closing loop which can realize a relatively safe operation of the distribution network closing loop, which is helpful It is necessary for distribution network dispatchers to make safe adjustments to the regional power network.
一种配网合环的控制方法，包括以下步骤：判断合环路径是否属于同一个220kV分区；当所述合环路径属于同一个220kV分区时，判断主网是否具备全网潮流计算条件，如果具备，则根据所述全网潮流计算条件计算所述10kV母线的电压数据；如果不具备，则以220kV变电站母线作为参考节点，进行辐射潮流计算所述10kV母线电压数据；当所述合环路径不属于同一个220kV分区时，判断所述主网是否具备全网潮流计算条件，如果具备，则根据所述全网潮流计算条件计算所述10kV母线的电压数据；如果不具备，则通过与主网的通信的方式获取所述10kV母线的电压数据；根据所述10kV母线的电压数据，利用前推回代法对所述合环路径的10kV以下供电馈线进行辐射线路潮流计算，获取所述供电馈线的开环稳态电流；根据合环路径的潮流数据，计算因合环操作产生的等效合环电流；将所述开环稳态电流和所述等效合环电流叠加，计算所述合环后的合环稳态电流；比较所述合环稳态电流的大小与预先设定的所述合环路径最大工作电流的大小；如果所述合环稳态电流小于或等于所述最大工作电流，则执行合环操作；如果所述合环稳态电流大于所述最大工作电流，则终止合环操作。A method for controlling loop closing of a distribution network, comprising the following steps: judging whether the loop closing paths belong to the same 220kV partition; when the loop closing paths belong to the same 220kV partition, judging whether the main network has the conditions for calculating the power flow of the whole network, if Yes, then calculate the voltage data of the 10kV busbar according to the calculation conditions of the whole network power flow; if not, then use the 220kV substation busbar as a reference node to calculate the voltage data of the 10kV busbar by radiation power flow; when the loop closure path When they do not belong to the same 220kV partition, it is judged whether the main network has the power flow calculation conditions of the whole network. If yes, the voltage data of the 10kV bus is calculated according to the power flow calculation conditions of the whole network; Network communication method to obtain the voltage data of the 10kV busbar; according to the voltage data of the 10kV busbar, use the forward push-back method to calculate the radiation line power flow for the power supply feeder below 10kV in the closed loop path, and obtain the power supply The open-loop steady-state current of the feeder; according to the power flow data of the loop-closing path, the equivalent loop-closing current generated by the loop-closing operation is calculated; the open-loop steady-state current and the equivalent loop-closing current are superimposed to calculate the The loop-closing steady-state current after the loop is closed; compare the size of the loop-closing steady-state current with the size of the preset maximum operating current of the loop-closing path; if the loop-closing steady-state current is less than or equal to the maximum If the operating current is greater than the maximum operating current, the loop closing operation is performed; if the loop closing steady state current is greater than the maximum operating current, the loop closing operation is terminated.
与现有技术相比较，本发明的配网合环的控制方法中，分别计算所述合环路径的开环稳态电流和因合环操作产生的等效合环电流，再利用电路叠加原理计算所述合环路径上的合环稳态电流。因此可以根据所述合环稳态电流判断合环操作是否会造成设备过载，只在没有设备过载的危险时才执行合环，如果有设备过载的危险，则终止合环操作。因此，可以使合环操作的更加安全，有助于配网调度人员通过合环对地区电力网络进行合理调整，从而提高电网运行的可靠性，保证用户利益，减少停电损失。Compared with the prior art, in the control method for closing the loop of the distribution network of the present invention, the open-loop steady-state current of the loop-closing path and the equivalent loop-closing current generated by the loop-closing operation are respectively calculated, and then the principle of circuit superposition is used Calculate the loop-closing steady-state current on the loop-closing path. Therefore, it can be judged whether the loop closing operation will cause equipment overload according to the loop closing steady-state current, and the loop closing operation is only performed when there is no danger of equipment overload, and if there is a danger of equipment overload, the loop closing operation is terminated. Therefore, the closed-loop operation can be made safer, and it is helpful for distribution network dispatchers to make reasonable adjustments to the regional power network through closed-loop, thereby improving the reliability of power grid operation, ensuring the interests of users, and reducing power outage losses.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明配网合环的控制方法的流程示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the control method of the distribution network closing loop of the present invention;
图2是本发明配网合环的控制方法的原理示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the control method of the distribution network closing loop of the present invention;
图3是发生合环操作的电网接线示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the grid connection where the loop closing operation occurs.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
请参阅图1，图1是本发明配网合环的控制方法的流程示意图。Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a control method for closing a distribution network loop according to the present invention.
根据电路叠加原理，所述合环路径在合环之后的合环稳态电流等效于合环前的开环稳态电流与合环后由于合环开关两端电势差而产生的等效合环电流的叠加。According to the principle of circuit superposition, the loop-closing steady-state current of the loop-closing path after loop-closing is equivalent to the open-loop steady-state current before loop-closing and the equivalent loop-closing caused by the potential difference between the two ends of the loop-closing switch after loop-closing superposition of currents.
以图2为例，合环前，开关BRK1处于断开位置，馈线1的电流为i1(由于负荷的分布带来馈线电流衰减)，馈线2的电流为i2；合环以后，开关BRK01处于闭合位置，由于BRK01开关原来的两端电压不等(幅值和相角不相同)，那么势必产生等效合环电流iloop。Taking Figure 2 as an example, before the loop is closed, the switch BRK1 is in the open position, the current of the feeder 1 is i1 (due to the distribution of the load, the current of the feeder is attenuated), and the current of the feeder 2 is i2; after the loop is closed, the switch BRK01 is in the closed position position, because the original two-terminal voltage of the BRK01 switch is not equal (the amplitude and phase angle are not the same), then the equivalent loop-closing current iloop is bound to be generated.
合环以后馈线1的稳态电流Ic1为：After closing the loop, the steady-state current Ic1 of feeder 1 is:
Ic1＝i1+iloop；Ic1=i1+iloop;
馈线2的稳态电流Ic2为：The steady state current Ic2 of feeder 2 is:
Ic2＝i2-iloop；Ic2=i2-iloop;
分别计算所述开环稳态电流和所述等效合环电流，即可根据上述原理计算所述合环稳态电流。By calculating the open-loop steady-state current and the equivalent loop-closing current respectively, the loop-closing steady-state current can be calculated according to the above principle.
因此，本发明的配网合环的控制方法包括以下步骤：Therefore, the control method of the distribution network closing ring of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S101，对合环路径进行潮流计算，获取所述合环路径的开环稳态电流；S101. Perform power flow calculation on the closed-loop path, and obtain the open-loop steady-state current of the closed-loop path;
根据操作人员的选择进行合环操作的合环开关的信息，例如10kV供电馈线上的联络开关的信息，以所述合环开关为起点对配网和主网的模型进行网络拓扑分析，获得配网段的合环路径，然后对合环路径进行潮流计算，获取所述合环路径的开环稳态电流。According to the information of the ring-closing switch that performs the ring-closing operation according to the operator's choice, such as the information of the tie switch on the 10kV power supply feeder, the network topology analysis is carried out on the model of the distribution network and the main network with the said ring-closing switch as the starting point, and the distribution network is obtained. The loop-closing path of the network segment, and then perform power flow calculation on the loop-closing path to obtain the open-loop steady-state current of the loop-closing path.
通常对主网进行潮流计算即可获得10kV及以上的供电线路的电压等级的潮流分布；对于配网段10kV以下的供电馈线的开环稳态电流，则需根据主网段10KV母线的电压数据进行辐射线路潮流计算获取。Usually, the power flow calculation of the main network can obtain the power flow distribution of the voltage level of the power supply line of 10kV and above; for the open-loop steady-state current of the power supply feeder below 10kV in the distribution network section, it needs to be based on the voltage data of the 10KV bus in the main network section Perform radial line power flow calculation and acquisition.
考虑到电网一般都按220kV分区运行，因此计算时首先需要判断所述合环路径是否属于同一个220kV分区。Considering that the power grid generally operates according to 220kV subregions, it is first necessary to determine whether the loop closure paths belong to the same 220kV subregion during calculation.
如果所述合环路径属于同一个220kV分区，如图3所示的馈线1和馈线2属于10kV的供电馈线，其通过联络开关合环，则是同一220kV电网分区的10kV供电馈线合环。此时，判断主网是否具备全网潮流计算(NR/PQ)条件，所述全网潮流计算条件是指计算所述主网的10kV及以上的供电线路的潮流分布的充分条件，包括各条线路参数数据，以及各个负荷的功率值等，具体可从对应的SCADA系统(数据采集与监视控制系统)中获取。如果具备所述全网潮流计算条件，则根据所述全网潮流计算条件计算所述10kV母线的电压数据；如果不具备所述全网潮流计算条件，则以220kV变电站母线作为参考节点，进行辐射潮流计算所述10kV母线电压数据。If the loop-closing path belongs to the same 220kV partition, feeder 1 and feeder 2 as shown in Figure 3 belong to the 10kV power supply feeder, and they are loop-closed through the contact switch, which is the 10kV power supply feeder loop-closing of the same 220kV grid partition. At this time, it is judged whether the main network has the conditions for calculating the power flow of the whole network (NR/PQ). The line parameter data and the power value of each load can be obtained from the corresponding SCADA system (data acquisition and monitoring control system). If the calculation conditions of the whole network power flow are met, the voltage data of the 10kV bus is calculated according to the calculation conditions of the whole network power flow; The power flow calculates the 10kV bus voltage data.
如果所述合环路径不属于同一个220kV分区，例如图3所示的馈线3和馈线4通过联络开关合环，则是不同220kV电网分区的10kV供电馈线合环。此时，同样首先判断所述主网是否具备全网潮流计算条件，如果具备，则根据所述全网潮流计算条件计算所述10kV母线的电压数据；如果不具备，因为不属于同一个分区，无法进行辐射潮流计算，则可通过与主网进行通信的方式获取所述10kV母线的电压数据。If the loop-closing path does not belong to the same 220kV partition, for example, feeder 3 and feeder 4 shown in FIG. 3 are loop-closed through a tie switch, then the loop-closing of 10kV power supply feeders in different 220kV power grid partitions. At this time, it is also first judged whether the main network has the power flow calculation conditions of the whole network, and if so, the voltage data of the 10kV busbar is calculated according to the power flow calculation conditions of the whole network; if not, because it does not belong to the same partition, If the radiation power flow calculation cannot be performed, the voltage data of the 10kV bus can be obtained by communicating with the main network.
获得所述10kV母线的电压数据之后，即可利用前推回代法对所述合环路径的10kV以下馈线段进行辐射线路潮流计算，获取所述10kV以下馈线的开环稳态电流。After the voltage data of the 10kV bus is obtained, the forward-backward method can be used to calculate the radial line power flow for the feeder section below 10kV in the closed-loop path, and obtain the open-loop steady-state current of the feeder below 10kV.
S103，根据合环路径的潮流数据，计算因合环操作产生的等效合环电流；S103, according to the power flow data of the loop-closing path, calculate the equivalent loop-closing current generated by the loop-closing operation;
在计算所述等效合环电流时，采用戴维南电路等效模型来计算。等效电压源即为所述合环开关两端的电势差，等效电抗为所述合环路径上的所有支路阻抗之和。When calculating the equivalent loop-closing current, the Thevenin circuit equivalent model is used for calculation. The equivalent voltage source is the potential difference between the two ends of the loop-closing switch, and the equivalent reactance is the sum of all branch impedances on the loop-closing path.
所述合环开关两端的电势差可通过所述合环路径上的负荷分布数据求解，由于实际的负荷分布情况比较复杂，因此可以近似地认为负荷密度相等，设定平均负荷密度，根据所述平均负荷密度和馈线的长度比例计算等值负荷，再根据所述等值负荷求解所述合环开关两端的电势差。The potential difference at both ends of the loop-closing switch can be solved by the load distribution data on the loop-closing path. Since the actual load distribution is more complicated, it can be approximately considered that the load density is equal, and the average load density is set. According to the average The equivalent load is calculated by the load density and the length ratio of the feeder, and then the potential difference at both ends of the loop closing switch is calculated according to the equivalent load.
根据所述等效电压源和所述等效电抗，即可计算出所述合环路径上的等效合环电流。According to the equivalent voltage source and the equivalent reactance, the equivalent loop-closing current on the loop-closing path can be calculated.
S105，将所述开环稳态电流和所述等效合环电流叠加，计算合环后所述合环路径的合环稳态电流；S105, superimposing the open-loop steady-state current and the equivalent loop-closing current, and calculating the loop-closing steady-state current of the loop-closing path after loop-closing;
S107，比较所述合环稳态电流的大小与预先设定的所述合环路径最大工作电流的大小；S107, comparing the magnitude of the loop closing steady-state current with the preset maximum operating current of the loop closing path;
具体可根据所述合环路径上的负荷情况预先设定所述合环路径的最大工作电流。将所述合环稳态电流与所述最大工作电流比较，判断是否超过所述最大工作电流造成设备过载。Specifically, the maximum operating current of the loop-closing path may be preset according to the load condition on the loop-closing path. Comparing the loop-closing steady-state current with the maximum operating current, it is judged whether exceeding the maximum operating current causes equipment overload.
如果所述合环稳态电流小于或等于所述最大工作电流，则说明合环之后所述合环路径上的稳态电流并不会造成设备过载的危险，因此执行步骤S109；If the loop-closing steady-state current is less than or equal to the maximum operating current, it means that the steady-state current on the loop-closing path after loop-closing will not cause the danger of equipment overload, so step S109 is executed;
如果所述合环稳态电流大于所述最大工作电流，则说明执行合环之后的稳态电流过大有造成设备过载的危险，因此执行步骤S111。If the loop-closing steady-state current is greater than the maximum operating current, it means that the steady-state current after the loop-closing is too large may cause equipment overload, so step S111 is executed.
S109，执行合环操作；S109, performing a ring closing operation;
S111，终止合环操作。S111. Terminate the ring closing operation.
与现有技术相比较，本发明的配网合环的控制方法中，分别计算所述合环路径的开环稳态电流和因合环操作产生的等效合环电流，再利用电路叠加原理计算所述合环路径上的合环稳态电流。因此可以根据所述合环稳态电流判断合环操作是否会造成设备过载，只在没有设备过载的危险时才执行合环，如果有设备过载的危险，则终止合环操作。因此，可以使合环操作的更加安全，有助于配网调度人员通过合环对地区电力网络进行合理调整，从而提高电网运行的可靠性，保证用户利益，减少停电损失。Compared with the prior art, in the control method for closing the loop of the distribution network of the present invention, the open-loop steady-state current of the loop-closing path and the equivalent loop-closing current generated by the loop-closing operation are respectively calculated, and then the principle of circuit superposition is used Calculate the loop-closing steady-state current on the loop-closing path. Therefore, it can be judged whether the loop closing operation will cause equipment overload according to the loop closing steady-state current, and the loop closing operation is only performed when there is no danger of equipment overload, and if there is a danger of equipment overload, the loop closing operation is terminated. Therefore, the closed-loop operation can be made safer, and it is helpful for distribution network dispatchers to make reasonable adjustments to the regional power network through closed-loop, thereby improving the reliability of power grid operation, ensuring the interests of users, and reducing power outage losses.
作为一种优选实施方式，在本发明的配网合环的控制方法中，执行步骤S103计算所述等效合环电流之后，执行一步骤S104：计算所述合环路径的冲击系数，并根据所述等效合环电流和所述冲击系数，计算合环时的冲击电流。所述冲击系数的计算属于一阶电路的零状态响应问题的计算，本领域的技术人员可根据常用的技术手段实现。As a preferred implementation, in the control method for closing the loop of the distribution network in the present invention, after performing step S103 to calculate the equivalent loop closing current, perform a step S104: calculate the impact coefficient of the loop closing path, and according to The equivalent ring closing current and the impact coefficient calculate the impact current when closing the ring. The calculation of the shock coefficient belongs to the calculation of the zero-state response problem of the first-order circuit, and those skilled in the art can realize it according to common technical means.
并且，在步骤S107中，在比较所述合环稳态电流与所述最大工作电流时，进一步将所述冲击电流与所述合环路径上过流保护的触发电流比较；And, in step S107, when comparing the loop-closing steady-state current and the maximum working current, further comparing the inrush current with the trigger current of the overcurrent protection on the loop-closing path;
如果所述合环稳态电流值小于或等于所述最大工作电流，并且所述冲击电流小于或等于所述合环路径上过流保护的触发电流，执行步骤S109；否则，执行步骤S111。If the loop-closing steady-state current value is less than or equal to the maximum operating current, and the inrush current is less than or equal to the trigger current of the overcurrent protection on the loop-closing path, execute step S109; otherwise, execute step S111.
与所述第一实施方式相比较，本实施方式配网合环的控制方法中进一步计算所述合环路径上的冲击电流，判断所述冲击电流是否大于所述合环路径上过流保护的触发电流，防止合环操作因误触发过流保护而引起大面积的停电事故。因此，进一步提高合环操作的安全性和电网运行的可靠性，更加有利于配网调度人员通过合环对地区电力网络进行合理调整。Compared with the first embodiment, in the control method of the distribution network closing loop in this embodiment, the inrush current on the loop closing path is further calculated, and it is judged whether the inrush current is greater than the overcurrent protection on the loop closing path. Trigger current to prevent large-scale blackout accidents caused by false triggering of over-current protection during loop closing operation. Therefore, further improving the safety of the closed loop operation and the reliability of the power grid operation is more conducive to the distribution network dispatchers to make reasonable adjustments to the regional power network through the closed loop.
在进行本发明中的各项计算时，由于实际的电网非常复杂，需要处理数据量比较大，因此可选择作以下简化处理：When performing various calculations in the present invention, because the actual power grid is very complex, the amount of data to be processed is relatively large, so the following simplified processing can be selected:
对10kV供电馈线，设定等值参数，并且设定对地的电纳和电容为零；For the 10kV power supply feeder, set the equivalent parameters, and set the susceptance and capacitance to the ground as zero;
设定10kV供电馈线降压变压器高压侧的电压相角相同并且都为0；Set the voltage phase angles of the high-voltage side of the 10kV power supply feeder step-down transformer to be the same and 0;
只按常规合环操作方式考虑配网合环操作的合环点(开关)；The loop closing point (switch) of the distribution network loop closing operation is only considered according to the conventional loop closing operation mode;
对于每一个手拉手的环，分别输入两条线路的参数：等效阻抗，等值系数，另外，还需要输入两条线路的负荷比值；For each hand-in-hand ring, input the parameters of the two lines: equivalent impedance, equivalent coefficient, and also need to input the load ratio of the two lines;
当出线开关的有功功率、无功功率和电流仅知道其中一个条件时，按默认的功率因数计算线路的有功功率或者无功功率；When the active power, reactive power and current of the outlet switch only know one of the conditions, calculate the active power or reactive power of the line according to the default power factor;
操作线路上联络开关合环时，认为操作位置固定，因此，在站内出线开关上选择合环计算菜单时，若该开关状态为分，则是闭合站内该开关的合环操作，若开关状态为合，则是闭合馈线联络开关的合环操作；When operating the contact switch on the line to close the loop, the operating position is considered fixed. Therefore, when selecting the loop closure calculation menu on the outlet switch in the station, if the switch state is open, it is the loop closure operation of the switch in the closed station. If the switch state is Closing is the loop-closing operation of closing the feeder tie switch;
对于非合环路径上的负荷，假设其有功功率和无功功率恒定，在合环前后没有变化。For the load on the non-loop path, it is assumed that its active power and reactive power are constant, and there is no change before and after loop closure.
通过对计算模型的简化处理，可以使本发明的配网合环的控制方法更加适用于配网调度操作的实际应用需求、工程计算和实用化。Through the simplification of the calculation model, the control method of the distribution network closing loop of the present invention can be more suitable for the actual application requirements, engineering calculation and practical application of the distribution network dispatching operation.
以上所述的本发明实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。The embodiments of the present invention described above are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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