CN101908567B - Sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array - Google Patents

Sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101908567B
CN101908567B CN2010102058884A CN201010205888A CN101908567B CN 101908567 B CN101908567 B CN 101908567B CN 2010102058884 A CN2010102058884 A CN 2010102058884A CN 201010205888 A CN201010205888 A CN 201010205888A CN 101908567 B CN101908567 B CN 101908567B
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plate
mould plate
geographical coordinate
model plate
angle
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CN101908567A (en
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薛黎明
刘伯昂
李现辉
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Rayspower Energy Group Co Ltd
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Rayspower New Energy Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

The invention relates to a sunlight shadow simulation device of a solar array, comprising an equator fixing plate, an hour angle turntable model plate, a solar array model plate, a geographical coordinate plane model plate and a parallel light source. The hour angle turntable model plate is arranged on the equator fixing plate and rotates around a rotating shaft perpendicular to the equator fixing plate, the solar array model plate is arranged on the geographical coordinate plane model plate which is arranged on the hour angle turntable model plate, the solar array model plate and the hour angle turntable model plate can singly rotate, the rotating shafts of the solar array model plate and the hour angle turntable model plate are mutually parallel, the geographical coordinate plane model plate and the array model plate rotate together along the hour angle turntable model plate, an included angle between the geographical coordinate plane model plate and the equator fixing plate is the complementary angle of the latitude of a simulation site, an included angle between the solar array model plate and the geographical coordinate plane model plate is equivalent to an included angle between the solar panel on a simulation site and the ground, and an included angle between parallel light emitted by the parallel light source and the equator fixing plate is preset according to experimental requirements.

Description

Sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array.
Background technology
For existing sand table model class device, be the fixed model under certain luminous environment.Sand table model projection as for activity only limits to the software simulation form, and is set for building function demonstration, does not have exact scale, not energy measurement etc.Obviously, both factors of consideration have nothing in common with each other.Similar only is model, and luminous environment difference, purpose are also different.One is demonstration, and another is metering.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of novel device of simulated solar irradiation at the solar cell array projection that be used for.
This Design of device principle: the section coordinate of certain point on the earth is defined as the geographical coordinate plane, according to " vector algebra " mathematics correlation theories such as " how much of space analysis ", variation on the geographical coordinate plane of sun projection is considered to be a kind of result, and condition is as follows:
1, since the sun to the distance of the earth much larger than the ground bulb diameter and every day revolution of the earth displacement, so shine tellurian sunlight every day and can regard parallel rays approx as.
2, measurement point is regarded the rotation of cartesian coordinate system as on the earth with the motion of the earth;
3, shining tellurian sunlight every day is directional light and absolute direction does not change with the motion (translation, rotation etc.) of the earth;
What 4, the rotation of cartesian coordinate system mentioned above can equivalence moves to the earth's core, and its origin of coordinates overlaps with the earth's core point.
5, in the Euclidean space, two planes that are parallel to each other also equate with respect to the variation of the angle of same parallel vectors under coaxial rotation.
This device supposition earth is spherical, and earth 's orbit is circular, and the sun is positioned at the center of circle; Revolution of the earth speed is 30Km/s, and the light velocity is 300000Km/s.
A kind of sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array comprises the equator fixed head, hour angle rotating disk mould plate, battery row mould plate, geographical coordinate areal model plate and source of parallel light, described hour angle rotating disk mould plate is arranged on the fixed head of described equator, can wind the rotating shaft rotation perpendicular to the equator fixed head; Described battery row mould plate is arranged on the described geographical coordinate areal model plate, described geographical coordinate areal model plate is arranged on the hour angle rotating disk mould plate, and battery row mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate all can rotate separately, and both are parallel to each other in rotating shaft; Described geographical coordinate areal model plate and battery array mould plate rotate with hour angle rotating disk mould plate; Angle between described geographical coordinate areal model plate and the equator fixed head is the latitude complementary angle of institute analog site, and the angle equivalence between battery row mould plate and the geographical coordinate areal model plate is the inclination angle for the angle between analog site cell panel and the ground; Angle between directional light that described source of parallel light is sent and the equator fixed head is default according to requirement of experiment.
Further, described geographical coordinate areal model plate and described battery row mould plate rotate around same rotating shaft.
Further, described analogue means also comprises and drives hour angle rotating disk mould plate respectively, three stepping motors that battery row mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate rotate, the stepping motor that wherein drives hour angle rotating disk mould plate is arranged on the below of described equator fixed head, and described two stepping motors that are used to drive described battery array mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate are arranged on hour angle rotating disk mould plate.
Further, described hour angle rotating disk mould plate is the plectane that is provided with angle index.
Further, described geographical coordinate areal model plate is provided with the length scale.
Further, the material of described equator fixed head, hour angle rotating disk mould plate, battery row mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate is high accuracy acrylic or epoxy resin board.
Further, described hour angle rotating disk mould plate and rotation axis thereof, described geographical coordinate areal model plate and rotation axis thereof, described battery row mould plate and rotation axis thereof become one.
Further, the directional light and the angle between the fixed head of equator that send of described source of parallel light is 23.45 °.
Further, described moving hour angle rotating disk mould plate, described battery row mould plate and described geographical coordinate areal model plate are by driving rotation manually.
The present invention is the first device of describing the solar battery array projection, intuitively reflects mutual spatial relationship and numerical value between array and its projection, can verify result of calculation, and is with strong points.Has certain precision.Its structure is simpler, easy to operate and can be used as teaching, visit, demonstration equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an error of calculation schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the earth schematic diagram that revolves around the sun;
Fig. 4 is the sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array vertical view;
Fig. 5 is the sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array schematic diagram in the test.
Embodiment
Error analysis:
As shown in Figure 1, because the displacement that causes of revolution is much larger than earth radius,, do not consider that rotation rotates so only consider the translation V=30KM/S that revolves round the sun during the research error.And the error propagation that the revolution of the earth causes on the angle after, just become an error angle ∠ AB, that is to say that light is not strict parallel, if generate electricity five hours daytime, distance 30 * 3600 * 5KM of moving of the revolution of the earth during this time, the sun 11 is got 8.5 * 60 * 300000KM apart from the distance of the earth 12 among the figure, before and after moving between 2 camber line be ∠ AB to the angle of the sun; ∠ AB is the parallel sunlight offset error before and after hour angle rotates, and actual conditions such as caption show have as calculated: ∠ AB=0.00353 radian is about 0.2 degree.
Above angular error has been transmitted into projection error and promptly has been not more than in the error that projecting direction causes after projection:
| SINx|, because 0<| therefore x|<<1 has: | SINx| ≈ | x|.
So estimated projection error maximum is about: 0.35%.
As shown in Figure 2, sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array, comprise equator fixed head 1, hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2, battery row mould plate 3 and geographical coordinate areal model plate 4, source of parallel light 5, drive the stepping motor 6 of described hour angle rotating disk mould plate and drive geographical coordinate plane mould plate respectively and two stepping motors 7 of battery row mould plate, hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2 is for being arranged on the disk that has angle index on the equator fixed head 1, can under the driving that is arranged at the stepping motor 6 below the equator fixed head 1, rotate around it the axle rotation, also can be by driving its rotation manually; The rotating shaft of hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2 is perpendicular to the plane at equator fixed head 1 place.Described hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2, battery row mould plate 3 and geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 all have the metering corner, the function that the school zero-sum is fixing.Hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2 high scale units are 15 ° in the present embodiment, the angle that turned over of hour angle rotating disk mould plate per hour in the representative experiment, and scale unit also can experimental specific requirement setting.
Geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 is for it is provided with the flat board of length scale, and geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 and rotating shaft thereof are arranged on the hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2, and geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 rotates around its rotating shaft with hour angle rotating disk mould plate; Battery row mould plate 3 and rotating shaft thereof are arranged on the geographical coordinate areal model plate 4, and battery row mould plate 3 is the zero place of length scale on the geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 with the intersection of geographical coordinate areal model plate 4.Geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 and battery row mould plate 3 can relatively independently rotate, and both rotating shafts are parallel to each other or preferably are integrated into same rotating shaft 9.During measurement, can with geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 around its rotating shaft rotate to and hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2 between angle be the position of α, this angle is the latitude complementary angle in the place of being simulated, with battery row mould plate 3 around its rotating shaft rotate to and geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 between the position of angle β, this angle is the cell panel in the place of being simulated and the angle between the ground; The turned position of geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 and battery row mould plate 3 can be separately positioned on the hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2 or the stepping motor 7 of other positions drives by two, also can be by being provided with manually.
The material of equator fixed head 1, hour angle rotating disk mould plate 2, battery row mould plate 3 and geographical coordinate areal model plate 4 be lightweight, level and smooth, be convenient to bore, cut, grind, mill, car, impact machine adds and have the metal or the nonmetallic materials of certain degree of hardness, for example: high accuracy acrylic or epoxy resin board.
As shown in Figure 3: well-known because solar power station build a station in cell panel each other, with other object between often generation sunlight block, the C position is an earth tracing point in Winter Solstice among the figure concerning the Northern Hemisphere.This day the sun all minimum at sky meta horizontalization, solar panel blocks maximum mutually, so, as shown in Figure 2, the sunlight (23.45 ° of helvolus angles) on 5 simulation same day in Winter Solstice of source of parallel light among the present invention in the analogue means.Source of parallel light 5 is arranged on battery row mould plate one side, and with its at a distance of certain distance, the directional light that is sent by source of parallel light 5 is the angle of presetting according to requirement of experiment with the angle between the equator fixed head 1, is 23.45 ° of helvolus angles in the present embodiment.
Shown in Fig. 4,5, the present invention considers the 3 hour period situation in front and back at high noon in Winter Solstice, then is made as 2.5 hours for example.Amount to the azimuth and be-37.5 ° to+37.5 ° scopes.So in simulation process, hour angle rotating disk mould plate will turn over 75 °.
1, this analogue means is set to initial condition:
The angle that system is arranged on the pairing hour angle rotating disk of the meridian hour state mould plate 2 is 0 °, when the time comes by computer control step motor or manually with the model support dish ▲ mark with the time angle model rotating disk ▲ mark and align; The source of parallel light angle is fixed by optic angle instrument or the adjustment of protractor (not shown), and to make light and equatorial plane fixed head face angle be helvolus angle or say 23.45 ° at declination angle.
2, the angle of latitude on simulation ground and cell panel inclination angle state are provided with:
Set latitude complementary angle (latitude complementary angle=90 °-angle of latitude), (angle of latitude of analog site can be inquired about according to data) by computer control geographical coordinate areal model plate stepping motor or manual measurement.The cell panel inclination angle can draw according to correlation computations, sets by battery row mould plate stepping motor or manual measurement and realizes.
3, the hour angle state is provided with:
As requested the illumination operating time is converted into hour angle ψ at interval, sets hour angle according to result of calculation and by hour angle (azimuth) rotaty step motor or manual measurement.Then open source of parallel light.
4, obtain result's checking:
By shown in Figure 4, observe and read battery row mould plate, in time record at geographical coordinate areal model plate projection 8 coordinates (according to printing scale in advance).And according to formula
D / H = tan φ - sin δ 1 2 sin 2 φ · sin δ + cos 2 φ · cos δ · cos [ arccos ( - tan φ · tan δ ) - ψ ]
Wherein:
Distance between the D---solar cell array is single
H---solar cell array height
23.45 ° of δ one declination angle constants
Φ-solar cell is installed the latitude on ground
ψ-the earth anglec of rotation, i.e. hour angle.Surrounding time angle contrast at high noon: front and back 1 hour were that 30 °, front and back 2 hours were 60 ° ....
It is long to calculate the projection that solar cell array is set on this ground.
By above-mentioned steps, through relatively, can draw the arbitrary by day generating dutation point in analog site, the relation of cell panel shelter height and projection can actually compare with the Theoretical Calculation result.

Claims (7)

1. sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array, comprise the equator fixed head, hour angle rotating disk mould plate, battery row mould plate, geographical coordinate areal model plate and source of parallel light, described hour angle rotating disk mould plate is the plectane that is provided with angle index, is arranged on the fixed head of described equator, can wind the rotating shaft rotation perpendicular to the equator fixed head; Described battery row mould plate is arranged on the described geographical coordinate areal model plate, have the length scale on the described geographical coordinate areal model plate, be arranged on the hour angle rotating disk mould plate, battery row mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate all can rotate separately, and both are parallel to each other in rotating shaft; Described geographical coordinate areal model plate and battery array mould plate rotate with hour angle rotating disk mould plate; Angle between described geographical coordinate areal model plate and the equator fixed head is the latitude complementary angle of institute analog site, and the angle equivalence between battery row mould plate and the geographical coordinate areal model plate is the inclination angle for the angle between analog site cell panel and the ground; Angle between directional light that described source of parallel light is sent and the equator fixed head is default according to requirement of experiment.
2. according to sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array described in the claim 1, it is characterized by: described geographical coordinate areal model plate and described battery row mould plate rotate around same rotating shaft.
3. according to sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array described in the claim 1, it is characterized by: described analogue means also comprises and drives hour angle rotating disk mould plate respectively, three stepping motors that battery row mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate rotate, the stepping motor that wherein drives hour angle rotating disk mould plate is arranged on the below of described equator fixed head, and described two stepping motors that are used to drive described battery array mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate are arranged on hour angle rotating disk mould plate.
4. according to sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array described in the claim 1, it is characterized by: the material of described equator fixed head, hour angle rotating disk mould plate, battery row mould plate and geographical coordinate areal model plate is an epoxy resin board.
5. according to sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array described in the claim 1, it is characterized by: described hour angle rotating disk mould plate and rotation axis thereof, described geographical coordinate areal model plate and rotation axis thereof, described battery row mould plate and rotation axis thereof become one.
6. according to sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array described in the claim 1, it is characterized by: 23.45 ° of the angles between directional light that described source of parallel light is sent and the equator fixed head.
7. according to the described sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array of claim 1, it is characterized by: described hour angle rotating disk mould plate, described battery row mould plate and described geographical coordinate areal model plate are by driving rotation manually.
CN2010102058884A 2010-06-12 2010-06-12 Sunlight shadow simulation device of solar array Expired - Fee Related CN101908567B (en)

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CN104165605B (en) * 2014-09-03 2017-03-29 常州天合光能有限公司 The method and its skiametry instrument of skiametry in photovoltaic system design
CN107402585B (en) * 2016-05-18 2020-02-14 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 Solar azimuth angle measurement and rotation angle control method, device and system of photovoltaic panel

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4423469A (en) * 1981-07-21 1983-12-27 Dset Laboratories, Inc. Solar simulator and method

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JPS5784368A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-05-26 Toshiba Corp Evaluating method for solar cell module
JP2000132092A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-05-12 Osamu Sawada 'earth's axis inclination angle and sunlight' experiencing device
US20090261810A1 (en) * 2008-04-22 2009-10-22 Solfocus, Inc. Simulator system and method for measuring current voltage characteristic curves of a solar concentrator
TW200951385A (en) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-16 Hong-Wen Zheng Quasi-uniaxial sun-tracking control method and device of solar energy panel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4423469A (en) * 1981-07-21 1983-12-27 Dset Laboratories, Inc. Solar simulator and method

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JP昭57-84368A 1982.05.26
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