CN101908128B - Aztec Code bar code decoding chip and decoding method thereof - Google Patents
Aztec Code bar code decoding chip and decoding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an Aztec Code bar code decoding chip. A feature search unit searches a position detection graphics in a bar code image to determine a pixel coordinate of the position detection graphics; a bar code parameter acquisition unit acquires a module width according to the pixel coordinate of the position detection graphics, searches a directional graphics according to the pixel coordinate of the position detection graphics and acquires a bar code direction; a version/format parameter acquisition unit acquires a version parameter and/or a format parameter of the bar code; a correction feature acquisition unit searches a feature position on the bar code image and acquires a correction feature according to the feature position; a module information processing unit calculates a grey value corresponding to the module according to the version parameter, the module width, the bar code direction and the correction feature; a binarization unit carries out binarization processing on the module; a code word extraction unit extracts a code word according to the binarization processing; and an error correction decoding unit carries out decoding processing. The invention also provides an Aztec Code decoding method. The Aztec Code bar code decoding chip and the Aztec Code decoding method can ensure that the Aztec Code decoding process is quickly and smoothly carried out.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the Bar Code field, especially, relate to a kind of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip and coding/decoding method thereof.
[background technology]
Barcode technology is an emerging technology that integrates coding, printing, identification, data acquisition and processing (DAP) that on computer technology and infotech basis, grows up.Barcode technology is because its identification is quick, accurate, reliable and low cost and other advantages; Be widely used in fields such as commerce, taking care of books, storage, post and telecommunications, traffic and Industry Control, and certainly will in " Internet of Things " that rise gradually used, bring into play great function.
The bar code that is widely used at present comprises bar code and two-dimensional bar code.Bar code claims that again linear bar code is made up of a plurality of " bars " that are arranged in parallel and " sky " unit, and bar code information leans on bar and empty different in width and position to express.Bar code is not then expressed any information just in a direction (generally being horizontal direction) expressing information in vertical direction, so information capacity and space availability ratio are lower, and after bar code is stained, promptly can't discern.
Two-dimensional bar code is made up of the chequered with black and white particular geometric figure that on two-dimensional directional, distributes according to certain rules, its can be on two-dimensional directional expressing information, so information capacity and space availability ratio are lower, and have certain verifying function.Two-dimensional bar code can be divided into stack two-dimensional bar code and matrix two-dimensional barcode.The stack two-dimensional bar code is that the bar code by the multirow cutting back piles up and forms, and representational stack two-dimensional bar code comprises PDF417, Code 49, Code 16K etc.Matrix two-dimensional barcode is made up of black, the white module that is distributed in by pre-defined rule in the matrix, and representational matrix two-dimensional barcode comprises QR sign indicating number, Data Matrix sign indicating number, Maxi Code, Aztec Code, Chinese letter co etc.Two-dimensional bar code except that possessing the advantage that bar code also has, the characteristics that have also simultaneously that information capacity is big, density is high, have error correction, can represent various multimedia messagess and kinds of words information, security and antiforge purpose property are strong, decoding reliability is high.
Prior art normally utilizes photographic equipment that bar code is taken in the process that two-dimensional bar code is decoded, and to obtain bar code image, then bar code image is gone disposal routes such as dry, gray scale extraction, binaryzation, code word extraction, decoding.
Yet; Above-mentioned prior art is when carrying out adaption brightness equalization and binary conversion treatment process to bar code image; Be to carry out adaption brightness equalization and binary conversion treatment, therefore will regulate, and compare with the threshold value gray scale to the gray scale of each pixel to each pixel; The data computation amount is very big, has reduced the processing speed of system.And because this system is (to be the correlation parameter of bar code not knowing the bar code characteristic information; Comprise bar code direction, bar code area size and information such as bar code version, bar code distortion factor) situation under carry out binary conversion treatment, can cause module error, promptly in the binaryzation process; Because the influence of factors such as noise, distortion; Inverted situation takes place in depth state and design point that module occurs, and the recognition capability that this reduces bar code has greatly increased the bit error rate of bar-code identification.Especially higher at the bar code version, under the more situation of contained module number, or bar code image resolution is low, and under the not good situation of exposure quality, this method is difficult to be discerned two-dimensional bar code.
In addition, the Aztec Code recognition system of prior art normally adopts the decoding program in the processor calling program storer, bar code image is handled realized the identification decoding.The problem of this system is: one, processing speed is slow; This system need write a series of programs that realize decoding algorithm in microprocessor; The barcode standard that single processor can only be directed against a kind of particular type simultaneously carries out decoding processing, and processor can only be handled an operation a clock period, and software processes has also determined the single process characteristic of decoding process; Difficult pipelining and the parallel processing that realizes bar code image, processing speed is slower; Two, use cost is high, because decoding algorithm is comparatively complicated, therefore needs to use high-end processor (like 32 bit processors) to realize above algorithm, needs processor and hardware-accelerated circuit to match, and can cause system cost high like this; Three, system complex, integrated difficulty is big, and power consumption is high, is not easy to portable application.
Therefore, to the above deficiency that prior art exists, needing badly provides a kind of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip and coding/decoding method thereof, makes to guarantee that decode procedure carries out quickly and smoothly.
[summary of the invention]
Deficiencies such as the processing speed to prior art exists is slow, mistake generation probability is bigger, the present invention provides a kind of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip and coding/decoding method thereof, can guarantee that Aztec Code decode procedure carries out quickly and smoothly.
The present invention provides a kind of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip, comprising: feature searching unit, bar code parameter acquiring unit, version/format parameter acquiring unit, correction feature acquiring unit, module information processing unit, binarization unit, code word extraction unit and error-correcting decoding unit.Feature searching unit searching position in bar code image is surveyed the pixel coordinate that figure is confirmed the position sensing figure.Bar code parameter acquiring unit is come the acquisition module width according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, and searches for order directional pattern according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, obtains the bar code direction.Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code.The correction feature acquiring unit is the search characteristics position on bar code image, obtains correction feature according to feature locations.The module information processing unit is according to Release parameter, module width, bar code direction and correction feature, computing module corresponding gray scale value.Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to Aztec Code module.The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the module of binary conversion treatment.Processing is deciphered to code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
The present invention provides a kind of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip again, comprises feature searching unit, bar code parameter acquiring unit, version/format parameter acquiring unit, module information processing unit, binarization unit, code word extraction unit and error-correcting decoding unit.Feature searching unit searching position in bar code image is surveyed the pixel coordinate that figure is confirmed the position sensing figure.Bar code parameter acquiring unit is come the acquisition module width according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, and searches for order directional pattern according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, obtains the bar code direction.Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code.Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code.The module information processing unit is according to the pixel coordinate of Release parameter, module width, bar code direction and position sensing figure, computing module corresponding gray scale value.Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to module.The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the module of binary conversion treatment.Processing is deciphered to code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
The present invention also provides a kind of Aztec Code coding/decoding method, and may further comprise the steps: a. obtains bar code image; B. searching position is surveyed figure, comes the acquisition module width according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, and searches for order directional pattern according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, obtains the bar code direction; C. obtain Release parameter, according to Release parameter acquisition module parameter; D. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of correction feature; E. according to the pixel coordinate of module width, bar code direction, module parameter and correction feature, the module coordinate of calculation correction characteristic; F. according to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate; G. according to mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; H. the module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment; I. extract code word according to the binary conversion treatment result; J. code word is deciphered processing.
The present invention provides a kind of Aztec Code coding/decoding method in addition, and may further comprise the steps: a. obtains bar code image; B. searching position is surveyed figure, the pixel coordinate of acquisition module width, bar code direction and position sensing figure; C. obtain Release parameter, according to Release parameter acquisition module parameter; D. according to the pixel coordinate of module width, bar code direction, module parameter and position sensing figure, calculating location is surveyed the module coordinate of figure; E. according to the pixel coordinate and the position sensing figure module coordinate of position sensing figure, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate; F. according to mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; G. the module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment; H. extract code word according to the binary conversion treatment result; I. code word is deciphered processing.
The present invention provides a kind of Aztec Code coding/decoding method may further comprise the steps again: a. obtains bar code image; B. in the presumptive area of bar code image, extract a plurality of black-white boundary sections that meet predetermined length; C. make up a plurality of straight lines based on a plurality of black-white boundary sections; D. according to the parallel lines characteristic a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel; E. according to the characteristic of Aztec Code, judge to confirm whether there is Aztec Code through the grid that row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up; F. obtain the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure according to the grid of row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel structure, search for order directional pattern according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, obtain bar code parameter, said bar code parameter comprises module width and bar code direction; G. obtain Release parameter, according to Release parameter acquisition module parameter; H. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of correction feature; I. according to the pixel coordinate of module width, bar code direction, module parameter and correction feature, the module coordinate of calculation correction characteristic; G. according to the pixel coordinate of correction feature and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate; K. according to mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; L. the module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment; M. the result according to binary conversion treatment extracts code word; N. code word is deciphered processing.
Aztec Code coding/decoding method of the present invention; Through the search correction feature; Obtain the pixel grey scale coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate, then according to this mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; The module gray-scale value is carried out binaryzation, and then the pairing bar code symbol figure of reduction Aztec Code.Compared with prior art; Aztec Code coding/decoding method of the present invention is to know the bar code characteristic information; And the binary conversion treatment of carrying out after according to the bar code characteristic information bar code image being proofreaied and correct, therefore reduced of the influence of factors such as noise, distortion to the binaryzation process, reduced the appearance of module error; Increase the recognition capability of bar code greatly, promoted the power that is decoded into of bar-code identification.
Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention adopts the hardware pipeline structure; Realize identification decoding through hardware logic to bar code image; Because the hardware pipeline structure is suitable for bar code image is carried out pipelining and parallel processing, so processing speed is very fast.
For the processor decodes technology of prior art; Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention adopts the devices at full hardware structure; Need not processor and participate in decoding; Chip structure structure for processor is more simplified, area is littler, power consumption is lower, cost is lower, it is integrated to be easy to, and realizes portable application easily.Can combine with technology of Internet of things easily, for the application of barcode technology provides more wide development space.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the bar code symbol pictorial diagram of Aztec Code.
Fig. 2 is the functional schematic of the bar code symbol figure of Aztec Code.
Fig. 3 is the functional schematic of central area of the bar code symbol figure of compact Aztec Code.
Fig. 4 is the functional schematic of central area of the bar code symbol figure of the complete type Aztec Code of complete type Aztec Code.
Fig. 5 is the processing flow chart according to the coding/decoding method of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation according to first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram that obtains structure according to first kind of check point of correction feature acquiring unit in first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the transfer principle synoptic diagram according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the structural representation according to second embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the synoptic diagram that obtains structure according to second kind of check point of correction feature acquiring unit in second embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Relevant characteristic of the present invention and technology contents please refer to following detailed description and accompanying drawing, and accompanying drawing only provides reference and explanation, are not to be used for the present invention is limited.
For making those skilled in the art be easier to understand technology contents of the present invention; The reference and explanation of following bar code term are provided; Center branch bar code term is to come according to State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T12905-2000, is not to be used for the present invention is limited.
Bar code symbol: the array configuration of bar, idle pattern form or the module of the expression information of certain bar code definition.
Code word: code word is represented the intermediate value of source data to the bar code symbol conversion.A kind of code word number of symbol has determined the quantity of all symbols of this bar code symbol.
Code word data: code word data is represented the value of data symbol.
The error correction code word: the error correcting code word table shows the value of error correction symbol.
Module: a smallest standalone unit in the matrix two-dimensional barcode, represent a bit binary data.
Functional graphic: the special pattern that is used for symbol location and feature identification in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol.Functional graphic comprises surveys figure, positioning pattern, correction graph etc.
Survey figure: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for carrying out the special graph of symbol location, also claim the position sensing figure at bar code image.
Positioning pattern: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for the figure of the pixel coordinate of definite symbol module.
Correction graph: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for confirming of character position fixing with reference to figure.Have to a certain degree under distortion or the stained situation at bar code image, can proofread and correct the pixel coordinate of module in the bar code image through correction graph.
Coding region: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, do not occupied, be used for data and error correction code word are encoded, the zone of expression data symbol and error correction symbol by functional graphic.
Version: be used for the sequence of representing matrix formula two dimensional bar code symbol specification, reflected module number and the arrangement mode of the module in the symbol in symbol dimension, the symbol.
Version information: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for confirming the functional graphic of matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol version number.
Form: be used for employed error-correction level of representing matrix formula two dimensional bar code symbol and mask graph.
Format information: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for confirming the functional graphic of employed error-correction level of matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol and mask graph information.
Mask graph: in coding region, bitmap is carried out XOR and handle, its objective is the balanced proportion that makes dark and light module in the symbol, and reduce and influence the figure appearance that bar code image is handled with mask graph.
The binaryzation bar code image: with global threshold or local threshold the gray scale bar code image is handled, thus the bar code image of the two dark-and-light colour that obtains.
Threshold value: cut apart the boundary value of two inspection levels, its value itself is the lower limit of top grade.
Module error: in the binaryzation bar code image, inverted module takes place in depth state and design point.
Pixel: the single photosensitive unit pairing unit on bar code image on the light-sensitive array (like CCD or cmos device), a pixel is regarded as the complete unit of the minimum of bar code image usually.The storing mode of digital bar code image is a unit with pixel (Pixel) generally, and each pixel is the long-pending minimum unit in digital bar code image the inside.
Fig. 1 is the symbol figure synoptic diagram of Aztec Code, and Fig. 2 is the symbol figure function declaration figure of Aztec Code.For making those skilled in the art be easier to understand technology contents of the present invention, Aztec Code is carried out simple declaration below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 1, the symbol figure of Aztec Code is to be based upon on the square net basis, and the symbol figure center is square buphthalmos (Bulls-eye) the position sensing figure that is used to locate bar code.Aztec Code belongs to a kind of of matrix two-dimensional barcode, and it has similar characteristic with algebra matrix on structural feature and arrangement of elements.The symbolic construction of Aztec Code is to be made up of specific mark function figure and the square-shaped patterns module that is distributed on the matrix element position expression data message.It representes binary " 1 " with dark modular unit, representes binary " 0 " (certainly, as a kind of agreement, also available dark modular unit is represented binary " 0 ", representes binary " 1 " with light modular unit) with light modular unit.Code word data stream is represented through the various combination that is distributed in the locational unit module of matrix element.
Fig. 2 is the functional schematic of the symbol figure of Aztec Code.As shown in Figure 2, the functional graphic of Aztec Code comprises position sensing figure, order directional pattern, correction graph (grid square).The code area comprises module information and the data field of representing symbolic information.The position sensing figure is positioned at the center of Aztec Code, is the buphthalmos pattern of multilayer square depth module.Aztec Code comprises two types of compact Aztec Code that size is less and the complete type Aztec Code of larger-size complete type Aztec Code.There is not correction graph among the compact Aztec Code.Correction graph among the complete type Aztec Code of complete type Aztec Code adopts the railway line form of depth single module width at interval, is used to that the coordinate setting of module provides coordinate reference in the symbol figure.
Functional graphic to Aztec Code describes in detail below, so that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the decode procedure of follow-up Aztec Code.Fig. 3 is the functional schematic of central area of the bar code symbol figure of compact Aztec Code.Fig. 4 is the functional schematic of central area of the bar code symbol figure of the complete type Aztec Code of complete type Aztec Code.Like Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, the position sensing centre of figure is the dark module of a module width, and outwards successively around the foursquare inverse module of multilayer, every layer is a module width.The module of foursquare each drift angle of position sensing figure is covered by order directional pattern; Order directional pattern is made up of 4 different square modules of the depth; In the direction of the clock, upper left corner order directional pattern is 4 dark, and the order directional pattern of upper right corner order directional pattern is 1 shallow 3 dark; Lower right corner order directional pattern is 2 shallow 2 dark, and lower left corner order directional pattern is 3 shallow 1 dark.Module according to order directional pattern is arranged, and can confirm the direction of the symbol figure of Aztec Code.
Between the order directional pattern version and the format information district of Aztec Code; Compact Aztec Code amounts to 28 modules on four limits of position sensing figure and is used for version of code and format information, and complete type Aztec Code amounts to 40 modules on four limits of position sensing figure and is used for version of code and format information.Version and format information have comprised the module number of plies, module figure place and the error-correction level of whole bar code.
Outside version and the format information district is the code area, and around constituting, every layer of code area is 2 module widths by the foursquare code area of multilayer in the code area.
Below Aztec Code coding/decoding method of the present invention is described in detail, Fig. 5 is the processing flow chart according to Aztec Code coding/decoding method of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 5, in step 901, on bar code image, carry out signature search, confirming the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, obtain bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure, bar code parameter comprises module width and bar code direction etc.Module width can the pixel coordinate through the position sensing figure calculates and obtains, and the bar code direction can be confirmed according to the module arrangement mode of the order directional pattern of four drift angles of position sensing figure.In one embodiment of the invention, this step can realize through the mode of template matches detection position detection figure.In another embodiment of the invention; The mode that the search of position sensing figure also can passing ratio detects realizes; This mode comprises through the depth module frontier point in the scan mode detection bar code image; Spacing between depth module frontier point relation is compared with the module size ratio of position sensing figure or correction graph, confirm the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image according to comparative result.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of and detects the embodiment of realizing the identification of Aztec Code through the ranks line, and this method may further comprise the steps: at first in the presumptive area of bar code image, extract a plurality of black-white boundary sections that meet predetermined length; Make up a plurality of straight lines based on a plurality of black-white boundary sections of extracting then; According to the parallel lines characteristic a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups again and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel; Last characteristic according to Aztec Code; Through the grid of row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel structure is judged to confirm whether there is Aztec Code; And obtain the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure according to the grid that row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel make up, obtain bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure.
In step 902; Pixel coordinate and bar code parameter (comprising module width and bar code direction) according to detected position sensing figure; On bar code image, extract version information and format information; Version information and format information are decoded to obtain version/format parameter, for example comprise Release parameter and error-correction level of information such as the module number of plies, module figure place etc.In some cases, version information and format information zone can be by stained and cause can estimating form, the version of bar code according to barcode types can't reading of data the time on the bar code image.For example, through the permutation and combination of possibly carrying out of each version, form is come version and form are estimated.According to the form of estimating, version bar code image is carried out subsequent treatment.
In step 903; Search characteristics figure on bar code image; For example comprise intersecting point, correction graph, behavioral characteristics template, the feature templates etc. of ruling of position sensing figure, obtain correction feature, for example comprise the pixel coordinate and the gray-scale value of check point according to feature pattern.
In step 904; According to Release parameter determination module parameter; According to correction feature, module parameter and the pairing module coordinate of bar code parameter calculation correction characteristic; According to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate calculation correction parameter of correction feature, this correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module, calculates the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter; Coordinate and gray-scale value according to the pairing pixel of each module calculate each module corresponding gray scale value, constructing module figure.
In step 905, module map is carried out binary conversion treatment to extract bitmap.
In step 906, carry out bit stream according to the queueing discipline of Aztec Code and extract and convert into code word data and error correction code word.
In step 907; According to version number and the error-correction level that step 902 obtains, again code word data and error correction code word are pressed the piece arrangement, carry out error-detecting and error correction calculations; Correct deletion error and unknown error; Up to the maximum error correction capability of version number and error-correction level defined, assembly sequence of blocks of data again then, the data bit stream of reduction expression Aztec Code information.
In step 908, decipher according to the data bit stream of reduction, to obtain Aztec Code information.
Below Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention is described in detail, Fig. 6 is the structural representation according to first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 6, data-carrier store 11 storage bar code images, 10 pairs of data storeies of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip, 11 storage bar code images are discerned decoding.Aztec Code bar code decoding chip 10 comprises steering logic unit 100, feature searching unit 101, bar code parameter acquiring unit 102, version/format parameter acquiring unit 103, correction feature acquiring unit 104, module information processing unit 105, binarization unit 106, code word extraction unit 107 and error-correcting decoding unit 108.
Feature searching unit 101 is confirmed the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image through search characteristics figure in bar code image.Feature pattern includes but not limited to the functional graphic of bar code, for example position sensing figure, correction graph etc.Preferred embodiment; Position feature search unit 101 adopts the mode searching position of template matches to survey figure; Its module width ratio according to the position sensing figure generates position sensing test pattern template; The relative bar code image of position sensing test pattern template is carried out translation and carries out the gray scale coupling; Confirming the best match position of position sensing test pattern template and bar code image, and confirm the central point of position sensing figure in the bar code image and four jiaos pixel coordinate according to best match position.In another embodiment of the invention; The mode that feature searching unit 101 also can passing ratio detects is confirmed position sensing figure or the correction graph pixel coordinate on bar code image; This mode comprises through the depth module frontier point in the scan mode detection bar code image; Spacing between depth module frontier point relation is compared with the module size ratio of position sensing figure or correction graph, confirm position sensing figure or the correction graph pixel coordinate on bar code image according to comparative result.In addition; The present invention also provides a kind of embodiment of realizing the identification of Aztec Code that detects through the ranks line; In this implementation method; Feature searching unit 101 at first in the presumptive area of bar code image, is extracted a plurality of black-white boundary sections that meet predetermined length, makes up a plurality of straight lines based on a plurality of black-white boundary sections of extracting then; According to the parallel lines characteristic a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups again and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel; At last according to the characteristic of Aztec Code, judge to confirm whether there is Aztec Code through the grid that row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up, and obtain the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure according to the grid that row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel make up.
Bar code parameter acquiring unit 102 is calculated bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of the position sensing figure that feature searching unit 101 is detected; The wide computing module width of layer through the position sensing figure; Module according to four jiaos order directional pattern of position sensing figure is arranged, and confirms the bar code direction of the symbol figure of Aztec Code.
The pixel coordinate and the bar code parameter of the position sensing figure that version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 is detected according to feature searching unit 101; On bar code image, extract version information and format information, version information and format information are decoded to obtain version/format parameter.Because version information, the format information of code area are the settings of adjacent locations test pattern; Version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 is according to the pixel coordinate of position probing figure and bar code direction, bar code module width; Can search for and obtain version information, format information zone; Carry out to obtain version/format parameter behind binaryzation calculating and the error-correcting decoding, for example version number, error-correction level etc.
In some cases, version information and format information zone can be by stained and cause can't reading of data on the bar code image.Version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 can be estimated form, the version of bar code according to barcode types.For example, through the permutation and combination of possibly carrying out of each version and error-correction level is come version and form are estimated.According to the form of estimating, version bar code image is carried out subsequent treatment.
Correction feature acquiring unit 104 is through search characteristics position on bar code image; For example comprise intersecting point, correction graph, order directional pattern, dynamic template, marking-off plate of position sensing figure etc.; Obtain correction feature according to feature locations, for example comprise pixel coordinate and/or the module coordinate and the gray-scale value of check point.The correction feature acquiring unit comprises numerous embodiments, is not to be defined in according to correction graph to obtain correction feature.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram that obtains structure according to first kind of check point of correction feature acquiring unit in first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.As shown in Figure 7, correction feature acquiring unit 104 comprises correction graph search unit 1041 and check point acquiring unit 1042.Similar with feature searching unit 101; Correction graph search unit 1041 is according to the module width ratio and the bar code parameter of correction graph; For example be module width ratio generation correction graph detection template, will proofread and correct the relative bar code image of test pattern template and carry out translation and carry out the gray scale coupling according to railway line.1042 pairs of matching results of check point acquiring unit carry out the similarity computing; To confirm that correction graph detects the best match position of template and bar code image, confirms the pixel coordinate and the gray-scale value of the central point of correction graph in the bar code image according to best match position.
Module information processing unit 105 is according to Release parameter determination module parameter; According to correction feature, module parameter and the pairing module coordinate of bar code parameter calculation correction characteristic; Pixel coordinate and module coordinate calculation correction parameter according to correction feature; This correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module; Calculate the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter, according to coordinate and each module corresponding gray scale value of gray-scale value calculating of the pairing pixel of each module, constructing module figure.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.Module information processing unit 105 comprises module parameter computing unit 1051, correction feature module coordinate computing unit 1052, correction parameter computing unit 1053, module pixel point computing unit 1054 and module gray-scale value computing unit 1055.Module parameter computing unit 1051 obtains and the corresponding module number of plies of Release parameter, module figure place and module number according to Release parameter.The pixel coordinate of the correction feature that correction feature module coordinate computing unit 1052 provides according to correction feature acquiring unit 104 calculates the module coordinate that obtains correction feature in conjunction with bar code parameter and module parameter.Correction parameter computing unit 1053 calculates the acquisition correction parameter according to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, and this correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module.Module pixel point computing unit 1054 calculates the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter.Mapping between module and the pixel is calculated and can be accomplished in several ways, and comprises the combination of perspective transform, quadratic polynomial, cubic polynomial, triangle gridding, wavelet transformation or aforementioned calculation mode etc.Module pixel point computing unit 1054 can calculate the coordinate of corresponding pixel through module coordinate, also can calculate the coordinate of corresponding module through pixel coordinate.The present invention does not limit aforementioned calculation process and the calculating means taked thereof.Module gray-scale value computing unit 1055 calculates each module corresponding gray scale value according to the coordinate and the gray-scale value of the pairing pixel of each module, with constructing module figure.The gray-scale value of module calculates and can be accomplished in several ways, and comprises the combination of statistical computation, interpolation calculation, mean value computation, weighted calculation or aforementioned calculation mode etc., and the present invention does not limit aforementioned calculation process and the calculating means taked thereof.
For ease of it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the processing procedure of module information processing unit of the present invention; The present invention's a kind of computing method of giving an example describe the transfer principle of module information processing unit of the present invention; But these computing method should not be construed as the restriction to module information processing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the transfer principle synoptic diagram according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.Have mapping relations between module 81 and the pixel region 82, deformed region 821 is corresponding to the mapping scope of module 81 on pixel region 82.The central point W of module 81 is W ' at pixel region 82 pairing mapping points.Can be known that by Fig. 9 module 81 pairing pixels comprise 16 pixels of A-P, the pixel that centers on mapping point W ' is A, B, C, 4 pixels of D.Center deformed region 822 is corresponding to the mapping scope of central area on pixel region 82 of module 81.For the matrix bar code, the module value that the central area of module is reflected is the most accurate.Preferred embodiment, can calculate the gray-scale value with the corresponding module centers point W of mapping point W ' through A, B, C, 4 gray values of pixel points of D.Certainly, also can come the gray-scale value of computing module 81 through pixel region 82 pairing all pixels.That is, the gray-scale value of module 81 can calculate through the gray-scale value of the plurality of pixels point corresponding with it.
Code word extraction unit 107 carries out bit stream according to the queueing discipline of Aztec Code and extracts and convert into code word data and error correction code word.
The piece arrangement is pressed with code word data and error correction code word again according to version number and error-correction level that version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 obtains in error-correcting decoding unit 108, carries out error-detecting and error correction calculations; Correct deletion error and unknown error; Up to the maximum error correction capability of version number and error-correction level defined, assembly sequence of blocks of data again then, the data bit stream of reduction expression Aztec Code information; Data bit stream according to reduction is deciphered, to obtain Aztec Code information.
Figure 10 is the structural representation according to second embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.Be with the difference of first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention; The structure of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip 20 has been done following improvement; It has cancelled the correction feature acquiring unit through the search that feature searching unit 201 realizes functional graphic and/or correction feature.
Similar with first embodiment of the present invention, feature searching unit 201 is confirmed the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image through search characteristics figure in bar code image.Feature pattern for example is the position sensing figure.Through the module width ratio and/or the module coordinate of adjustment template matches, feature searching unit 101 can also be searched for other feature patterns, for example correction graph.Feature searching unit 201 detects template according to the module width of railway line than generating correction graph, will proofread and correct the relative bar code image of test pattern template and carry out translation and carry out the gray scale coupling.1042 pairs of matching results of check point acquiring unit carry out the similarity computing; To confirm that correction graph detects the best match position of template and bar code image, confirms the pixel coordinate and the gray-scale value of the central point of correction graph in the bar code image according to best match position.
Feature pattern includes but not limited to the functional graphic of bar code, for example position sensing figure, correction graph, order directional pattern etc.For making the present invention of those skilled in the art's easy to understand, the form of expression in the face of the feature pattern outside the functional graphic illustrates down.Aztec Code belongs to a kind of of square matrix code, and its bar code symbol figure has the algebra matrix characteristic of square matrix code, and bar code symbol can be regarded as being made up of the different rectangular module of several depths.Through choosing in the bar code image zone, can form the behavioral characteristics template with respect to of the set of adjacent block figure than the significant figure of rectangular module preferably that is easier to distinguish.Can also form the line feature templates through being positioned at two homochromy modules (dark module or light module) of the space on the same row or column on the search bar code image in addition.
The pixel coordinate of the feature pattern that module information processing unit 205 direct reception feature searching unit 201 are provided is handled as correction feature; Correction feature for example is the central point of position sensing figure in the bar code image and four jiaos pixel coordinate; The pixel coordinate of the central point of correction graph; The pixel coordinate of order directional pattern, or the pixel coordinate of the central point of behavioral characteristics template or line feature templates etc.Figure 11 is the structural representation according to module information processing unit in second embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention.Be with the difference of first embodiment of Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention; Correction feature module coordinate computing unit 2052 connection features search units 201, and calculate the module coordinate that obtains feature pattern according to the module parameter that bar code parameter and module parameter computing unit 2051 provide.Correction parameter computing unit 2053 calculates the acquisition correction parameter according to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate of feature pattern, and this correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module.Module pixel point computing unit 2054 calculates the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter.Mapping between module and the pixel is calculated and can be accomplished in several ways, and comprises the combination of perspective transform, quadratic polynomial, cubic polynomial, triangle gridding, wavelet transformation or aforementioned calculation mode etc.Module gray-scale value computing unit 2055 calculates each module corresponding gray scale value according to the coordinate and the gray-scale value of the pairing pixel of each module, with constructing module figure.
Aztec Code coding/decoding method of the present invention; Through the search correction feature; Obtain the pixel grey scale coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate, then according to this mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; The module gray-scale value is carried out binaryzation, and then the pairing bar code symbol figure of reduction Aztec Code.Compared with prior art; Aztec Code coding/decoding method of the present invention is to know the bar code characteristic information; And the binary conversion treatment of carrying out after according to the bar code characteristic information bar code image being proofreaied and correct, therefore reduced of the influence of factors such as noise, distortion to the binaryzation process, reduced the appearance of module error; Increase the recognition capability of bar code greatly, promoted the power that is decoded into of bar-code identification.
Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention adopts the hardware pipeline structure; Realize identification decoding through hardware logic to bar code image; Because the hardware pipeline structure is suitable for bar code image is carried out pipelining and parallel processing, so processing speed is very fast.
For the processor decodes technology of prior art; Aztec Code bar code decoding chip of the present invention adopts the devices at full hardware structure; Need not processor and participate in decoding; Chip structure structure for processor is more simplified, area is littler, power consumption is lower, cost is lower, it is integrated to be easy to, and realizes portable application easily.Can combine with technology of Internet of things easily, for the application of barcode technology provides more wide development space.
Above with reference to description of drawings various preferred embodiments of the present invention, but only otherwise deviate from essence of the present invention and scope, those skilled in the art can carry out modification and change on the various forms to it, all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip comprises:
Feature searching unit, searching position is surveyed the pixel coordinate that figure is confirmed said position sensing figure in bar code image;
Bar code parameter acquiring unit is come the acquisition module width according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure, and is searched for order directional pattern according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure, obtains the bar code direction;
Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code;
The correction feature acquiring unit, search characteristics position on said bar code image obtains correction feature according to said feature locations;
The module information processing unit is according to said Release parameter, said module width, said bar code direction and said correction feature, computing module corresponding gray scale value;
Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to said Aztec Code module;
The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the said module of binary conversion treatment;
Processing is deciphered to said code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
2. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said feature searching unit generates position sensing test pattern template according to the module width ratio of said position sensing figure; The said relatively bar code image of said position sensing test pattern template is carried out translation and carries out the gray scale coupling; Confirming the best match position of said position sensing test pattern template and said bar code image, and confirm the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure described in the said bar code image according to said best match position.
3. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said feature searching unit detects the depth module frontier point in the said bar code image through scan mode; Spacing between said depth module frontier point relation is compared with the module size ratio of said position sensing figure, confirm the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure described in the said bar code image according to comparative result.
4. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said feature searching unit is in the presumptive area of said bar code image; Extraction meets a plurality of black-white boundary sections of predetermined length; Make up a plurality of straight lines based on said a plurality of black-white boundary sections of extracting then, according to the parallel lines characteristic said a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups again and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel, at last according to the characteristic of Aztec Code; Grid through said capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up judges to confirm whether there is Aztec Code, and the pixel coordinate that obtains said position sensing figure of the grid that makes up according to said capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel.
5. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said version/format parameter acquiring unit is according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure and said module width, said bar code direction; On said bar code image, extract version information and format information, said version information and said format information are decoded to obtain said version/format parameter.
6. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 1 is characterized in that said version/format parameter acquiring unit is estimated to obtain said Release parameter and/or format parameter according to form, the version of Aztec Code.
7. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said module information processing unit comprises module parameter computing unit, correction feature module coordinate computing unit, correction parameter computing unit, module pixel point computing unit and module gray-scale value computing unit; Said module parameter computing unit is according to said Release parameter acquisition module parameter; Said correction feature module coordinate computing unit is according to the pixel coordinate of said module width, said bar code direction, said module parameter and said position sensing figure; Calculate the module coordinate of said position sensing figure; Said correction parameter computing unit is according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure and the module coordinate of said position sensing figure; Calculate the pixel coordinate of said bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate, said module pixel point computing unit calculates the pairing pixel coordinate of each module according to said mapping relations, and said module gray-scale value computing unit calculates the gray-scale value of said each module according to the pairing pixel coordinate of said each module.
8. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip comprises:
Feature searching unit, searching position is surveyed the pixel coordinate that figure is confirmed said position sensing figure in bar code image;
Bar code parameter acquiring unit is come the acquisition module width according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure, and is searched for order directional pattern according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure, obtains the bar code direction;
Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code;
The module information processing unit is according to the pixel coordinate of said Release parameter, said module width, said bar code direction and said position sensing figure, computing module corresponding gray scale value;
Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to said module;
The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the said module of binary conversion treatment;
Processing is deciphered to said code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
9. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 8; It is characterized in that; Said feature searching unit; Searching position is surveyed the pixel coordinate that figure is confirmed said position sensing figure in said bar code image, and said bar code parameter acquiring unit is obtained said module width, said bar code direction according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure.
10. Aztec Code bar code decoding chip according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; Said feature searching unit; The search correction graph is confirmed the pixel coordinate of said correction graph in said bar code image, and said module information processing unit calculates said module corresponding gray scale value according to the pixel coordinate of said Release parameter, said module width, said bar code direction and said correction graph.
11. an Aztec Code coding/decoding method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. obtain bar code image;
B. searching position is surveyed figure, comes the acquisition module width according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure, and searches for order directional pattern according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure, obtains the bar code direction;
C. obtain Release parameter, according to said Release parameter acquisition module parameter;
D. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of correction feature;
E. according to the pixel coordinate of said module width, said bar code direction, said module parameter and said correction feature, calculate the module coordinate of said correction feature;
F. according to the pixel coordinate of said correction feature and the module coordinate of said correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of said bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate;
G. according to said mapping relations computing module gray-scale value;
H. said module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment;
I. the result according to said binary conversion treatment extracts code word;
J. said code word is deciphered processing.
12. an Aztec Code coding/decoding method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. obtain bar code image;
B. searching position is surveyed figure, the pixel coordinate of acquisition module width, bar code direction and position sensing figure;
C. obtain Release parameter, according to said Release parameter acquisition module parameter;
D. according to the pixel coordinate of said module width, said bar code direction, said module parameter and said position sensing figure, calculate the module coordinate of said position sensing figure;
E. according to the pixel coordinate of said position sensing figure and the module coordinate of said position sensing figure, calculate the pixel coordinate of said bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate;
F. according to said mapping relations computing module gray-scale value;
G. said module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment;
H. extract code word according to said binary conversion treatment result;
I. said code word is deciphered processing.
13. Aztec Code coding/decoding method according to claim 12 is characterized in that, step b also further comprises searching position detection figure, obtains said module width, said bar code direction; Search for correction graph, obtain the pixel coordinate of said correction graph.
14. Aztec Code coding/decoding method according to claim 13; It is characterized in that; This method also comprises the pixel coordinate according to said module width, said bar code direction, said module parameter and said position sensing figure, calculates the module coordinate of said correction graph; According to the pixel coordinate of said correction graph and the module coordinate of said correction graph, calculate the pixel coordinate of said bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate.
15. an Aztec Code coding/decoding method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. obtain bar code image;
B. in the presumptive area of said bar code image, extract a plurality of black-white boundary sections that meet predetermined length;
C. make up a plurality of straight lines based on said a plurality of black-white boundary sections;
D. according to the parallel lines characteristic said a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel;
E. according to the characteristic of Aztec Code, judge to confirm whether there is Aztec Code through the grid that said capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up;
F. obtain the pixel coordinate of position sensing figure according to the grid of said capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel structure; Pixel coordinate according to said position sensing figure is searched for order directional pattern; Obtain bar code parameter, said bar code parameter comprises module width and bar code direction;
G. obtain Release parameter, according to said Release parameter acquisition module parameter;
H. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of said correction feature;
I. according to the pixel coordinate of said module width, said bar code direction, said module parameter and said correction feature, calculate the module coordinate of said correction feature;
G. according to the pixel coordinate of said correction feature and the module coordinate of said correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of said bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate;
K. according to said mapping relations computing module gray-scale value;
L. said module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment;
M. the result according to said binary conversion treatment extracts code word;
N. said code word is deciphered processing.
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| EP3023905B1 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2018-08-08 | Cognex Corporation | Systems and methods for decoding two-dimensional matrix symbols |
| TWI742492B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-10-11 | 偉詮電子股份有限公司 | Barcode detection method and system |
| CN109934036B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-01-04 | 福州符号信息科技有限公司 | Method and system for recognizing and reading QR (quick response) code through single-position detection graph |
| CN112800798B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-11-03 | 广东奥普特科技股份有限公司 | Aztec code positioning method |
| CN113111674A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 广东奥普特科技股份有限公司 | Aztec code positioning and decoding method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113783602B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-07-11 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Satellite communication data quality improving device |
| CN114997206B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-30 | 北京紫光青藤微系统有限公司 | Aztec code graph boundary positioning method and device |
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