CN101907772A - Infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure - Google Patents
Infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanical structure, comprising a case, a wedge-shaped pedestal, a first light hole, a second light hole, a video wire, a glimmer image intensifier battery, a glimmer objective lens, a glimmer image intensifier, an infrared objective lens and an infrared detector; wherein the front end of the glimmer objective lens is provided with an optical wedge, the infrared objective lens and the infrared detector jointed behind the infrared objective lens form an infrared detection device, the glimmer objective lens and the glimmer image intensifier connected behind the glimmer objective lens form a glimmer detection device, the wedge-shaped pedestal is fixed in the interior of box body, the infrared detector and the glimmer image intensifier are fixed on the wedge-shaped pedestal, the infrared detection device and the glimmer detection device are placed downward in vertical direction, the optical axle of the infrared objective lens and the glimmer objective lens are in the same vertical plane and in parallel, the included angle of the optical axle is less than or equal to 0.1mRad; and the infrared objective lens and the glimmer objective lens have the same field of view. The structure is easy to process, registration accuracy is high, and imaging effect is good, thus having good market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic front end optical-mechanic structure field, particularly a kind of infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure with parallel optical axis of optical axis adjustment.
Background technology
The final Image Matching that realizes of the visual sniffer of multispectral fusion merges, and the realization of visual integration technology must be on the basis of image registration.Image registration is the image that each width of cloth participates in merging will be carried out spatial registration.Image co-registration has higher requirement to registration accuracy, if space error surpasses a pixel, then ghost image can appear in fusion results, has a strong impact on the quality of fused images.And the realization of Image Matching is that on the one hand the later stage registration Algorithm realizes, then depends on the optical design manufacturing of front end infrared detection device and micro light detecting device on the other hand.The effect of optical system is the optical path of infrared video and low-light video, for image registration, the image co-registration of back provides high-quality image.Because what emerging system adopted is that Pixel-level merges, and visual field, the optical axis of front end system is all had the accuracy requirement of strictness.So the design of front end system has crucial effects to the development of whole emerging system.
The Pixel-level registration of dual sensor is a difficult problem in the design, if the used optical system of two sensors is the same with light path, this problem just has been readily solved so.What existing common optical axis system mainly adopted is that Fig. 1 designs, and principle is to utilize a slice half-reflecting half mirror that the light of two wave bands is separated.Here two shared same optical systems of sensor, optical axis is identical, the visual field is identical, and their two width of cloth images of obtaining are exactly the image of complete registration so.
But this design and be not easy to realize in actual applications.At first, owing to infrared imaging wave band with low-light is different, the transmissivity of two semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens plated films must be not quite similar, and this has relatively high expectations for coating process, and the selection of transmissivity is also difficult; Secondly, as can be seen from Figure 1, reach the requirement of registration, must make that the light that enters two sensors is parallel, so two semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens must be parallel, it is very high that this makes that the parallel accuracy of this design requires, and this realizes also comparatively difficulty on technology.And, because the special plated film mode of this eyeglass, make that light passes through semi-transparent semi-reflecting eyeglass after, light signal has certain decay, particularly twilight image no matter be reflection or transmission, and is lower (less than 10 in illumination
-4Under condition 1x), the loss of luminous energy makes original becoming with regard to faint twilight image almost cannot see, and has so just limited the performance of system, has reduced the enhancing effect of emerging system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simplicity of design, easy to process, processing ease, infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure with better registration effect and image quality.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure comprises shell, wedge base, first light hole, second light hole; Video line, the gleam image intensifier battery, infrared detection device, the micro light detecting device, wedge base is fixed on box body inside, infrared eye and gleam image intensifier are fixed on the wedge base, infrared detection device is made up of infrared objective and the infrared eye that is attached at behind the infrared objective, the micro light detecting device is made up of low-light object lens and the gleam image intensifier that is connected behind the low-light object lens, described infrared detection device and micro light detecting device in the vertical direction are placed down, and it is parallel that the optical axis of infrared detection device and micro light detecting device is positioned at same perpendicular, optical axis included angle≤0.1mRad; Infrared objective has identical field of view angle with the low-light object lens.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: (1) this front end optical-mechanic structure is based on parallel optical axis but not common optical axis design, thereby avoided complicated half-reflecting half mirror manufacture craft, and do not have the attenuated optical signal problem in the existing common optical axis design; (2) parallelism of optical axis is calibrated through the optical axis calibration apparatus is strict, optical axis included angle≤0.1mRad, and two detectors are to the visual field registration of target more than 90%; Utilize wedge that the micro light detecting device is carried out light path fine setting, further improve the registration of two detection systems, for image registration provides assurance, carry out accurate pixel registration from the mechanical-optical setup, just can realize the accurate registration of image by the circuit algorithm to target; (3) this device volume is moderate, is easy to carry operation and very easy to use.
Description of drawings
The index path of Fig. 1 dual sensor common optical axis design.
The image of Fig. 2 dual sensor parallel optical axis.
The uneven image of Fig. 3 dual sensor optical axis (sensor angle α＞90 °).
The optical axis translation schematic diagram of Fig. 4 wedge.
Fig. 5 wedge is to the change figure of low-light level imaging light path.
Fig. 6 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the outside drawing of patent of the present invention.
The micro light detecting installation drawing that has wedge of Fig. 8 patent of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the gleam image intensifier figure of patent of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the infrared eye figure of patent of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the low-light object lens figure of patent of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the infrared objective figure of patent of the present invention
Embodiment
Inventive principle:
1. binocular imaging Systems Theory
Infrared imaging system and low-light level imaging system can regard a binocular imaging system as, and binocular imaging can obtain the different image of two width of cloth viewpoints of Same Scene, and the model during binocular imaging can be regarded as by two monocular imaging models and combines.During actual imaging, these two monocular imagings can be gathered simultaneously with two monocular system and be realized, an also available monocular system is successively gathered respectively at two poses and realized (at this moment generally establish object and light source and move variation).
According to existing condition, in our final front end optical system design, we have adopted the design of parallel optical axis as shown in Figure 2, and under existing technical conditions, this design is all guaranteed on the technology, on the image quality.The camera lens visual field of two sensors is identical, and system can regard a binocular imaging system as, and the model during binocular imaging can be regarded as by two monocular imaging models and combines.Visual field θ (unit is mrad) can be obtained by formula (1), and the f here is the focal length of optical lens, and d is the length of side of imageing sensor, the distance of u target, two optical center distance b.
The visual field θ of camera lens (mrad of unit) can be tried to achieve by following formula:
The visual field of these two camera lenses does not overlap fully as seen from Figure 2, and the redundancy of b is arranged respectively up and down, and their visual field registration can be expressed as so:
If order
Then formula (2) just becomes
ε＝1-Δ(3)
Δ is enough little in the formula, and ε just approaches 1. so
That is to say, if the centre distance of two camera lenses is enough little, the centre distance of relative two camera lenses of viewing distance is bigger again, and the registration of the visual field of two camera lenses just is infinitely close to 1 so, under this condition, can regard two visual fields fully as and overlap, in our practical application, the value of u is generally bigger, generally is a few to tens of kms, and b generally is several centimetres, meets this condition basically.In our actual test, as long as visual field registration ε is greater than 90%, the secondary registration by system just can reach syncretizing effect preferably.
If two optical axises are not parallel, sensor has certain included angle α＞90 ° as Fig. 3, two visual fields overlap fully on certain distance as can be seen from Figure, but because imaging gets angle variation has taken place, the image that obtains on two sensors distorts, and can seriously influence fusion mass in follow-up fusion treatment.
By top discussion as can be known, the detector parallelism of optical axis also is that what to influence performance of front end mainly is index, i.e. the optical axis included angle of two optical systems.According to visual field registration computing formula (2), we obtain following correction formula:
β is the angle of two imageing sensor optical axises in the formula.
Can obtain designing the Several Key Problems of emerging system front end optical-mechanic from above analysis: a) both must have visual field much at one; B) both parallelisms of optical axis want high.The performance of front end of system mainly is the detector parallelism of optical axis, i.e. the optical axis included angle of two optical systems.Suppose that two detector pitch of detection system are 0.1m from b, detection range is 100m, and this is as long as guarantee optical axis included angle＜0.5mRad, can reach the visual field registration more than 90%.In order to reach higher visual field registration, the Front-end Design of our system is: (1) infrared and fainter light detector optical axis included angle≤0.1mRad; (2) two objective angular field's angular dimensions are the same.
2. wedge optical axis translation principle
The very little prism in refraction angle is called wedge.Because refraction angle α is very little, its angle of deviation formula can be simplified greatly.When incident angle was very little, deflection angle was:
δ＝α(n-1)(5)
If two wedge refraction angles are α, the minim gap of being separated by, when the parallel placement in two wedge principal sections, and optical axis is when differing 180 °, and as shown in Figure 4, the angle of deviation that is produced is zero, thereby reaches the purpose of optical axis translation.When two wedges when relative distance is △ z vertically, emergent ray is Δ y with respect to incident ray in the displacement that vertical direction produces:
Δy＝(n-1)αΔz
Owing to have certain distance certainly between two detectors, so be imaged on the same target on two width of cloth images, can not overlap fully certainly, but have certain deviation.And utilize the optical axis translation of wedge, the light path in the time of can changing the micro light detecting device to target imaging as shown in Figure 5, makes that the registration of same target increases in twilight image and the infrared image, thereby reaches the purpose of registration.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
The invention discloses a kind of infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure, comprise shell 7, wedge base 8, first light hole 9, second light hole 10, first video line 5, second video line 6., gleam image intensifier battery 12, infrared objective 3, infrared eye 4, low-light object lens 1, gleam image intensifier 2.In the present embodiment, described box body is whole square, and box body is divided into shell 7 and wedge base 8, and wedge base 8 usefulness screws are fixed on shell 7 inside, with shell 7 be 90 ° vertical, have two fixed orifices on the wedge base 8.Infrared eye 4 and gleam image intensifier 2 are installed respectively and are embedded about the base in two fixed orifices, infrared detection device is made up of infrared objective 3 and the infrared eye 4 that is attached at behind the infrared objective 3, the micro light detecting device by low-light object lens 1 and the gleam image intensifier 2 after being connected low-light object lens 1 form, described infrared detection device and micro light detecting device in the vertical direction are placed down, and it is parallel that the optical axis of infrared objective 3 and low-light object lens 1 is positioned at same perpendicular, with precision is that the optical axis adjustment system of 0.05mRad is proofreaied and correct it, makes optical axis included angle≤0.1mRad; Infrared objective 3 has identical field of view angle with low-light object lens 1.At low-light object lens 1 front end, also be provided with wedge 11, wedge 11 is fixed in low-light object lens 1 picture frame, and wedge 11 is consistent with picture frame internal diameter size.As shown in Figure 8, the refraction angle of wedge 11 and refractive index can require be adjusted according to reality, if registration accuracy is higher, then can selective refraction angle and the bigger wedge of refractive index, and adjust effect thereby arrive bigger light path.The shell 7 of this front end optical-mechanic structure has first unthreaded hole 9, second light hole 10 for the box body formula structure of sealing on the coverboard in infrared objective 3 and low-light object lens 1 dead ahead, first, second light hole 9,10 lays respectively on the axis of two object lens; First video line 5 connects gleam image intensifier 2, second video line 6 connects infrared eye 4, be provided with through hole at the box body rear and have first, second circular hole and a translot mouth, the other end of two video lines is connected with the treatment circuit plate after passing first, second circular hole respectively, the circuit control interface of infrared eye 4 picks out by this translot mouth, gleam image intensifier battery 12 places the shell rear to be connected with gleam image intensifier 2, for it provides power supply.
During use, open the power supply of gleam image intensifier 2 and infrared eye 4, choose target and begin imaging, light source enters infrared objective 3 and low-light object lens 1 respectively.The specific embodiment parameter is as shown in table 1.As can be seen from the table, the optical axis included angle of two sniffers is more little, and then both visual field registrations are high more.In addition, the target range detector is far away more, and then the visual field registration can be high more.So when the target imaging distance was big, this fusion front end can reach registration effect preferably.Then, utilize the optical axis translation of wedge, the light path in the time of can changing the micro light detecting device to target imaging makes that the registration of same target increases in twilight image and the infrared image, thereby reaches the purpose of registration.Particularly, when the target imaging distance is very big, distance between sniffer almost can be ignored for image-forming range, this fine setting effect of wedge is just very obvious, this front end optical-mechanic structure is registration effectively, afterwards again in oversampling circuit registration Algorithm handle, image is carried out the accurate registration of several pixels, just can be to the accurate registration of image.
Table 1 specific embodiment
Claims (3)
1. infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure, comprise shell [7], wedge base [8], first light hole [9], second light hole [10], first video line [5], second video line [6], gleam image intensifier battery [12], low-light object lens [1], gleam image intensifier [2], infrared objective [3], infrared eye [4], wedge base is fixed on box body inside, infrared eye [4] is fixed on the wedge base with gleam image intensifier [2], infrared objective [3] is formed infrared detection device with the infrared eye [4] that is connected behind the infrared objective [3], low-light object lens [1] and be connected low-light object lens [1] after gleam image intensifier [2] form the micro light detecting device, it is characterized in that: described infrared detection device and micro light detecting device in the vertical direction are placed down, and it is parallel that the optical axis of infrared objective [3] and low-light object lens [1] is positioned at same perpendicular, optical axis included angle≤0.1mRad; Infrared objective [3] has identical field of view angle with low-light object lens [1].
2. infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at low-light object lens front end, be provided with wedge [11], wedge [11] is fixed in the low-light object lens picture frame, and wedge [11] is consistent with picture frame internal diameter size.
3. infrared and glimmer multispectral fusion front end optical-mechanic structure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: shell [7] is the box body formula structure of sealing, have first unthreaded hole [9], second light hole [10] on the box body in infrared objective [3] and low-light object lens [1] dead ahead, first, second light hole [9,10] lays respectively on the axis of two object lens; Have first, second circular hole and a translot mouth at the box body rear, the other end of two video lines [5,6] is connected with the treatment circuit plate after passing first, second circular hole respectively, the circuit control interface of infrared eye [4] picks out by this translot mouth, and gleam image intensifier battery [12] places shell [7] rear to be connected with gleam image intensifier [2].
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| CN103006326A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Visual field adjustable double-video fusion imaging system |
| CN104361571A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-18 | 南京理工大学 | Infrared and low-light image fusion method based on marginal information and support degree transformation |
| CN105445930A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-03-30 | 南京理工大学 | Front end optical-mechanical structure of night vision reconnaissance system fusing infrared light with micro light |
| CN105530441A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-27 | 南京理工大学 | Infrared and low-light image registration front-end optical mechanic structure based on coupling lens |
| CN105631922A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-06-01 | 南京理工大学 | Vega-based infrared and low-light-level video synchronization simulation method |
| CN105974549A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-28 | 北京晶品特装科技有限责任公司 | Parallel detector optical axis parallel adjusting mechanism |
| CN106291905A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2017-01-04 | 云南北方光电仪器有限公司 | A kind of infrared front end registration apparatus with LLL image fusion |
| CN106327424A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 南京邮电大学 | Correction device and correction method of infrared and visible image registration parameters |
| CN109445116A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 西安广博光电科技有限公司 | Thermal imagery low-light merges objective lens optical system |
| CN114757854A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-07-15 | 深圳市安星数字系统有限公司 | Night vision image quality improving method, device and equipment based on multispectral analysis |
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| CN106327424A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 南京邮电大学 | Correction device and correction method of infrared and visible image registration parameters |
| CN109445116A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 西安广博光电科技有限公司 | Thermal imagery low-light merges objective lens optical system |
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