CN101907708A - Method for measuring target echo bright spots - Google Patents
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- CN101907708A CN101907708A CN 201010235025 CN201010235025A CN101907708A CN 101907708 A CN101907708 A CN 101907708A CN 201010235025 CN201010235025 CN 201010235025 CN 201010235025 A CN201010235025 A CN 201010235025A CN 101907708 A CN101907708 A CN 101907708A
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Abstract
The invention aims at providing a method for measuring target echo bright spots, comprising the following steps of: r receiving an echo signal by a receiving array, estimating the orientation of the echo bright spot by using a cross-correlation split array wave beam forming technology and using the orientation as a central value of the angle search range; scanning in the determined angle search range by adopting a polar coordinate mode to obtain the wave beam and outputting; carrying out cross correlation on the output wave beam with a copy of a transmitting signal; and measuring a maximum value of a relevant peak of the copy, wherein the position of the peak is the position of the echo bright spot. The invention can be used for effectively reducing the calculated amount and forms higher resolution and lower side-lobe level compared with the conventional focal wave beam formation; and the copy correlation has the characteristics of effectively receiving signal energy and inhibiting the output power of the interference, so that a focus peak formed by an MVDR (Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) focal wave beam under the environment of low signal-noise ratio is sharper, the background is more smooth and the side-lobe level is lower.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the target measuring method of the active detection system of fields of measurement.
Background technology
Target echo is to produce after incident wave and target interact, it is not only relevant with the waveform of incident acoustic wave, also be associated with the factors such as relative position of target with athletic posture, seawater medium, the sound source of incident sound wave line of propagation, target, people carry out analyzing and processing to echo, can extract clarification of objective information, if be aided with some priori again, just can realize target detection and identification.Theoretical analysis and experimental study all prove, any one complex target, and under high frequency situations, its echo all has experimental process echo superposition to form, and each sub-echo can be regarded as from the ripple of certain scattering point reflection, and this scattering point is exactly a bright spot.It can be real bright spot, also can be certain equivalent bright spot.Like this, any one complex target can equivalence becomes the combination of several scattering bright spots.
The research of echo bright spot space structure has profound significance to understanding the echo mechanism of production.Active sonar develops towards the low frequency direction, has only low frequency, and is high-power and could realize remote probe to stealthy target with the active sonar that channel is complementary.The active sonar frequency of operation of the U.S. has been reduced to 400Hz at present.And target echo is a kind of physical process that target produces under the incident wave excitation, so some characteristic information in the echo is that active sonar is realized target detection and base of recognition.The sonar processor extracts these characteristic quantities by echoed signal is handled, thereby carries out Classification and Identification.Different bright spots stagger on acoustic axis mutually, form the feature along range distribution.Therefore, the target echo under the incident wave excitation can obviously be isolated each bright spot echo, and this feature provides the Basic Ways of evaluating objects bright spot and characteristic thereof.When incident orientation changed, relative distance and sound path between the bright spot changed thereupon.Therefore there is substantial connection at the distribution characteristics and the position angle of bright spot, cause the various space-time characterisations of echo.This also just makes the bright spot structure measurement of target become focus.Thereby, be necessary to develop low frequency echometric measurement technology, to comply with the needs of a few years from now on sonar technique development.
At present, domestic having done in a large number at high frequency (generally being in 20kHz～35kHz frequency range) the target echo work of measuring down do not carried out the surveying work of the bright spot distributed architecture of low frequency target echo as yet.The technology of measurement target echo bright spot generally all was to adopt traditional wave beam formation method in the past, and this method will occur bluring when measuring many bright spots, and the low problem of measuring accuracy is arranged.If more this method is used to measure low frequency (1kHz and following) target echo bright spots, it is very wide that its main lobe will become, it is very low that the resolution of target echo bright spots also can be fallen, and can't high-precision measurement also just become nobody's research to measure the reason that the low frequency target echo bright spots distributes.
In sum, the method for measurement low frequency target echo bright spots awaits research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and to overcome conventional wave beam and form and be subject to Rayleigh limit restriction, secondary lobe disturbs and calculated amount is little, precision is high method for measuring target echo bright spots.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Method for measuring target echo bright spots of the present invention is characterized in that:
(1) receives battle array and receive an echoed signal, utilize simple crosscorrelation division array beam formation technology to estimate the orientation of echo bright spot and, spend to the scope of 10 degree scopes as angle searching with-10 of central value as the central value of angle searching scope;
(2) in the determined angle hunting zone, adopt polar mode to scan, obtain wave beam output;
(3) wave beam of output is made simple crosscorrelation with the copy that transmits;
(4) survey the maximal value that copies relevant peak value, the position of peak value promptly is the position of echo bright spot.
Method for measuring target echo bright spots of the present invention can also comprise:
1, described reception battle array is matrix or a Sparse Array between half-wave.
2, the echoed signal of described reception when echoed signal is narrow band signal, adopts MVDR focus beam formation method to form wave beam; When echoed signal is broadband signal, adopt MVDR focus beam formation method or STMV focus beam formation method to form wave beam.
Advantage of the present invention is: adopt division battle array simple crosscorrelation direction finding technology can effectively reduce calculated amount, use MVDR to form mutually with focus beam and merge, conventional focus beam forms has higher resolution and lower side lobe levels; And the characteristics of the relevant output power that has received signal energy effectively and suppress to disturb of copy make that the focusing peak that the MVDR focus beam forms under the low signal-to-noise ratio environment is more sharp-pointed, and background is more level and smooth, and side lobe levels is lower.This kind method is not only applicable to matrix between half-wave, is applied to Sparse Array simultaneously and has good effect yet.The present invention is not only applicable to measure the low frequency target echo bright spots, is suitable for high frequency situations too.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a measurement block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 lays figure for horizontal line array model of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is simple crosscorrelation division battle array direction finding module diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is simple crosscorrelation division battle array direction-finding system block diagram of the present invention;
The processing flow chart that Fig. 5 forms for broadband signal MVDR focus beam of the present invention.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is done description in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In conjunction with Fig. 1～5, method for measuring target echo bright spots of the present invention is divided into following four steps:
(1) receives battle array and receive an echoed signal, utilize simple crosscorrelation division array beam formation technology to estimate the orientation of echo bright spot and, spend to the scope of 10 degree scopes as angle searching with-10 of central value as the central value of angle searching scope; Receiving battle array is matrix between half-wave, also can make Sparse Array; When echoed signal is narrow band signal, adopt MVDR focus beam formation method to form wave beam; When echoed signal is broadband signal, adopt MVDR focus beam formation method or STMV focus beam formation method to form wave beam;
(2) technology that adopts the undistorted response of minimum variance signal MVDR focus beam to form adopts polar mode to scan in the determined angle hunting zone, obtains wave beam output;
(3) wave beam of output is made simple crosscorrelation with the copy that transmits;
(4) survey the maximal value that copies relevant peak value, the position of peak value promptly is the position of echo bright spot.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, provide the horizontal alignment synoptic diagram of deploying troops on garrison duty, sea 1 is a H rice with the vertical range in seabed 2, and N unit horizontal line array 3 cloth are placed on dark h rice, sea, and target 4 is at Shenzhen Airlines' row such as a certain degree of depth.Horizontal array receives the wideband echoes signal, utilizes the orientation of dividing the array simple crosscorrelation method estimating target echo bright spot that wave beam forms earlier.Simple crosscorrelation division battle array direction finding module diagram and systematic schematic diagram are respectively as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.The orientation of target echo signal is assumed to be θ
0, basic matrix array element is divided into two groups, each group equivalence is an imaginary primitive, by obtaining left wave beam after 1 to M array element output summation, obtains right wave beam by N-M+1 to N array element output summation.Left and right sides wave beam output waveform is made simple crosscorrelation, detect the position of cross-correlation peak value, thereby the time delay value that obtains estimating utilizes the relation between time delay and the target echo orientation again, thereby obtain the estimated value in orientation
Simple crosscorrelation division array beam forms the method for direction finding, under the high s/n ratio situation, and can hi-Fix; But in the very low condition of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), direction finding precision can reduce, so after estimating the bright spot orientation, adopt method that high-precision MVDR focus beam forms to carry out accurate measurement in that-10 of this orientation is spent in 10 degree scopes.MVDR method itself proposes at narrow band signal, and the form of target echo can be outside the narrow band signal, also can be broadband signal, as linear FM signal (LFM).Making the arrowband at broadband signal decomposes, promptly earlier with each array received to a period of time in broadband signal make the son section and cut apart, can allow every segment data that the overlapping of part is arranged, then each son section is made the arrowband and decompose (as FFT), obtain the arrowband envelope of each son section, each son section is done the formation of MVDR focus beam obtain wave beam output, the wave beam formation result to each arrowband carries out comprehensively (as simple average) again, obtains the waveform result on the whole frequency band in integral time.Whole process flow diagram as shown in Figure 5.
Copy is relevant itself just to be had anti-interference, the ability of anti-reverberation, be more complicated many ways coherent channel only because of underwater acoustic channel, the echo of behind multipath transmisstion, receiving with transmitted significantly different, related coefficient is very low, secondary lobe obviously raises and is disorderly and unsystematic, even the identification of lossing signal and detected characteristics, thereby has suppressed its development in underwater sound field.The wave beam output that now the MVDR focus beam is formed is done relevant with the copy of signal source generation signal, good relationship like this, more effectively received signal and the output power that suppresses to disturb, a peak value will appear on copy related function figure, by detecting the position of this peak value, thereby determine the position of target echo bright spots.
The present invention is not only applicable to measure the low frequency target echo bright spots, is suitable for high frequency situations too.
Claims (3)
1. method for measuring target echo bright spots is characterized in that:
(1) receives battle array and receive an echoed signal, utilize simple crosscorrelation division array beam formation technology to estimate the orientation of echo bright spot and, spend to the scope of 10 degree scopes as angle searching with-10 of central value as the central value of angle searching scope;
(2) in the determined angle hunting zone, adopt polar mode to scan, obtain wave beam output;
(3) wave beam of output is made simple crosscorrelation with the copy that transmits;
(4) survey the maximal value that copies relevant peak value, the position of peak value promptly is the position of echo bright spot.
2. method for measuring target echo bright spots according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described reception battle array is matrix or a Sparse Array between half-wave.
3. method for measuring target echo bright spots according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the echoed signal of described reception, when echoed signal is narrow band signal, adopt MVDR focus beam formation method to form wave beam; When echoed signal is broadband signal, adopt MVDR focus beam formation method or STMV focus beam formation method to form wave beam.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102692620A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater noise source high-robustness focusing positioning process suitable for shallow sea multipath environments |
| CN102768354A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2012-11-07 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Method and system for obtaining echo data of underwater target |
| CN103235312A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Measuring method for target echo strength |
| CN103792512A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Near-field three-dimensional passive positioning method based on horizontal line array |
| CN103926581A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Sonar target echo highlight parameter measurement method |
| CN105353340A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Double-layer cylindrical array underwater passive target detection method |
| CN106093921A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Acoustic vector sensor array broadband based on sparse resolution theory direction-finding method |
| CN111650591A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-09-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Active sonar broadband spatial spectrum echo bright spot enhancement and automatic extraction method |
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| CN101738611A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-16 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Underwater acoustic target signal detection and identification method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102768354A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2012-11-07 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Method and system for obtaining echo data of underwater target |
| CN102692620A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater noise source high-robustness focusing positioning process suitable for shallow sea multipath environments |
| CN102692620B (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2014-02-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater noise source high-robustness focusing positioning process suitable for shallow sea multipath environments |
| CN103235312A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Measuring method for target echo strength |
| CN103792512A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Near-field three-dimensional passive positioning method based on horizontal line array |
| CN103926581A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Sonar target echo highlight parameter measurement method |
| CN105353340A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Double-layer cylindrical array underwater passive target detection method |
| CN106093921A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Acoustic vector sensor array broadband based on sparse resolution theory direction-finding method |
| CN106093921B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2019-04-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Acoustic vector sensor array broadband direction-finding method based on sparse resolution theory |
| CN111650591A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-09-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Active sonar broadband spatial spectrum echo bright spot enhancement and automatic extraction method |
| CN111650591B (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2023-04-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Active sonar broadband spatial spectrum echo bright point enhancement and automatic extraction method |
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