CN101901089A - Coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitors - Google Patents
Coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitors Download PDFInfo
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- CN101901089A CN101901089A CN2009100848645A CN200910084864A CN101901089A CN 101901089 A CN101901089 A CN 101901089A CN 2009100848645 A CN2009100848645 A CN 2009100848645A CN 200910084864 A CN200910084864 A CN 200910084864A CN 101901089 A CN101901089 A CN 101901089A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitors, belonging to the field of computer peripheral equipment input. The coordinate acquiring device based on the variable capacitor comprises an amplifying and reshaping unit, a frequency counting unit, a calculating unit, an output data unit and a pressure sensor unit. The pressure sensor unit transmits a pressure signal to the amplifying and reshaping unit for signal amplification, the frequency of the amplified pressure signal is counted in the frequency counting unit, the counting information is sent to the calculating unit for position calculation, and the position information is outputted by the output data unit. The pressure sensor unit comprises at least two pressure sensors, and each pressure sensor comprises an inductor, a fixed capacitor and a variable capacitor. The device accurately measures a touch track by arranging an array of multiple pressure sensors, has simple structure, is convenient for sensing micro force and can rapidly detect the change of pressure and calculate the position of a force point.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the peripherals input field of computing machine, relate to a kind of coordinate acquiring device, particularly a kind of coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance.
Background technology
Along with the designing and manufacturing level of consumption electronic product and improving constantly of user's request, need make measurements, control and respond the various extraneous physical quantitys that change in increasing occasion, be exactly wherein a kind of wherein for the sensing of pressure.The pressure sensitivity measurement has the multiple technologies scheme, as pressure type touch screen, resistance touch screen, infrared type touch screen, capacitive touch screen and electromagnetic type handwriting screen etc., can be applied in fields such as computer entry device, electronic whiteboard and mobile phone, PDA, Medical Devices, can on display screen, show the variation of pressure the firmly situation when operating in real time with the reaction user.
Patent US4121049 discloses a kind of measuring system, and the principle of this system applies resistance-strain is placed in four even positions of pressure-bearing panel to foil gauge, when the pressure-bearing panel can produce distortion when stressed.The distortion that produces because the application point of power is different also is different, thus the signal difference that foil gauge is produced, and the circuit that process is connected with foil gauge is handled, and calculates the position of the application point of power.Though this system has obtained the position of coordinate, because measuring element is less,, then measures and have bigger deviation if it is bigger to be used for the panel area of touch-control, degree of accuracy is less.
Chinese patent CN95195866.6 discloses a kind of capacitive sensor, and this sensor contains one and has the first conductive electrode pad of closure, continuous geometry shape and the technical scheme of one second conductive electrode.This a kind of scheme also can realize obtaining of coordinate by variable capacitance, but owing to the area that can only measure in limited range, for the accurate measurement of the bigger Trackpad of area difficulty relatively, simultaneously, can't realize being subjected to the more accurate measures of quantization on the force direction.
The patent No. is to disclose a kind of pressure sensitive technology and apparatus in the patent of CN87103587, it is the elastic conduction electrode of a two-dimensional array of distribution on a fixed electorde, when this device is exerted pressure, thereby this electrode produces deformation and has generated a series of Dynamic Signal, promptly obtain situation about the pressure variation, though this method can collect the signal of pressure changing comparatively accurately, but just measure for the partial points of stress surface, and can't be to a plurality of point measurements of stress surface, thereby can't determine the position of spot pressure can not be applied to the measurement of displacement.
Also have in the patent No. is the patent of CN02132054.3 and also disclose a kind of pressure measurement technology relevant that relate to electric capacity, it comprises a substrate, one first rank suspension structure and projection cube structure is set above substrate, also has a second order suspension structure, form a closed cavity with substrate.When ambient pressure changes, cause that the variation of displacement comes the sense capacitance variable.This method susceptibility is relatively poor, and particularly the variable quantity of capacitance difference is less, and the scope of measurement is subjected to certain restriction.
Thereby the technology of at present existing accurate pressure based on electric capacity is imperfection also, the measurement application facet of particularly bigger at area and nonrigid surfacing.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance, by making Trackpad produce the capacitance that deformation changes variable capacitance, amplify the back and then calculate the position that produces deformation through signal, realize accurate touch track measurement, simple in structure, be convenient to sensing micro force, but the position of the variation of fast detecting pressure and stress point.
Coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance, comprise and amplify shaping unit, frequency counting unit, computing unit, outputting data elements and pressure sensor unit, pressure sensor unit is carried out the signal amplification with pressure signal transmission to amplifying shaping unit, pressure signal after the amplification carries out behind the frequency counting count information sent in the frequency counting unit and carries out position calculation in the computing unit, and positional information is exported by outputting data elements again.
Described pressure sensor unit is made up of at least two pressure transducers, and each pressure transducer is made up of inductance, fixed capacity and variable capacitance; Variable capacitance is made up of at least one variable-capacitance unit, Trackpad and substrate; Variable-capacitance unit is positioned on the substrate with the form of array, and Trackpad is arranged on the array of variable-capacitance unit.
The elastic electrode top of described variable-capacitance unit has a transmission rod, Trackpad contact transmission rod, and transmission rod is relative with elastic electrode, and elastic electrode, fixed electorde both ends of the surface are provided with elastic electrode leading-out terminal and fixed electorde leading-out terminal.
Between described elastic electrode and the dielectric pad is set.
The side that described elastic electrode contacts with dielectric has a plurality of projections.
Described Trackpad is made by flexible material.
The quantity of described variable-capacitance unit is at least 9.
The present invention is based on the coordinate acquiring device of variable capacitance, its beneficial effect is:
1, by array that a plurality of variable-capacitance unit are set and the sensor unit of using low-cost and high-precision, realize accurate touch track measurement, simple in structure, be convenient to sensing micro force, the position that can detect the variation of pressure apace and calculate stress point.
2, when the user writes drawing on a screen or panel, the pressure measure of the change is come out, obtain the concrete coordinate and the application point power of application point.
The present invention is fit to be applied to multiple applications such as computer entry device, electronic whiteboard, mobile phone, PDA, multimedia interactive equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is of the present invention based on pressure transducer principle schematic in the coordinate acquiring device of variable capacitance;
Fig. 3 is the stressed synoptic diagram of the coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of the coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the variable-capacitance unit embodiment 1 of the coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the variable-capacitance unit embodiment 2 of the coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance of the present invention;
Fig. 7 be the coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance of the present invention variable-capacitance unit embodiment 2 elastic electrode look up structural representation;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of the force calculation of the coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. pressure sensor unit 11. pressure transducers 111. variable capacitances 1110. Trackpads 1111. variable-capacitance unit 1112. substrates 1113. elastic electrodes 1114. dielectrics 1115. fixed electordes 1116. elastic electrode leading-out terminals 1117. fixed electorde leading-out terminals 1118. pads 1119. transmission rods 1118 '. projection 112. fixed capacities 113. inductance 2. amplify shaping units 3. frequency counting unit 4. computing units, 5. outputting data elements
Embodiment
Describe below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing the application.
A kind of device that obtains based on the coordinate of variable capacitance as shown in Figure 1, comprises and amplifies shaping unit 2, frequency counting unit 3, computing unit 4, outputting data elements 5 and pressure sensor unit 1.Pressure sensor unit 1 is carried out the signal amplification with pressure signal transmission to amplifying shaping unit 2, pressure signal after the amplification carries out frequency counting in frequency counting unit 3, and count information sent to carry out position calculation in the computing unit 4, positional information is exported by outputting data elements 5 again.Each unit can be made up of circuit component independently, also all unit can be integrated in the integrated circuit.Adopt integrated circuit to realize in the present embodiment, selected single-chip microcomputer is STM32F103, then frequency counting unit 3, computing unit 4, outputting data elements 5 all are to be integrated on the single-chip microcomputer, and acquired signal and deal with data are by the I0 interface input and output of single-chip microprocessor MCU.In actual applications, frequency counting unit 3 often is exactly to utilize the counter that carries in the single-chip microcomputer, also counter can be set separately.Computing unit 4 is a processor, and the signal that is obtained by a plurality of pressure transducers is handled.Particularly, computing unit 4 is the processing unit of being made up of single-chip microcomputer, as being the computing unit of core with the STM32F103 processor.Outputting data elements 5 is the output interface of single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 2, described pressure sensor unit 1 is made up of a plurality of pressure transducers, in the present embodiment, is example with a pressure transducer 11, is made up of inductance 113, fixed capacity 112 and variable capacitance 111.Pressure transducer 11 comes down to an oscillatory circuit, but or the circuit of similar oscillator signal.In the present embodiment, inductance 113, fixed capacity 112 and oscillatory circuit of variable capacitance 111 formations in parallel.
Variable-capacitance unit 1111 is fixed on the ad-hoc location of Trackpad 1110, embodiment of the present invention is the main load-carrying surface that is fixed on Trackpad 1110, with equidistant array distribution, the distributed quantity of array is minimum be 9 or more than, in order to measure the pressure information that Trackpad 1110 born and to export corresponding signal, substrate 1112 is up to carrying and fixing effect.
As shown in Figure 4, when device is in running order, when Trackpad 1110 is subjected to different pressure, variation has taken place in the electric capacity of at least one variable-capacitance unit, cause that corresponding pressure transducer changes, the pressure sensor unit 1 that a plurality of pressure transducers are constituted is converted into pressure signal transmission to the channel frequency signal that changes to amplifying shaping unit 2.As shown in Figure 1, amplify 2 pairs of pressure signals of shaping unit and carry out preliminary an amplification, carry out frequency counting in the frequency counting unit 3 again after filtering out the noise in the signal, frequency signal is counted and added up.Each pressure transducer is counted the temporary earlier register that arrives of resulting result, count information is sent to carry out position calculation in the computing unit 4 again,, obtain the changing value of each pressure transducer through the calculating and the comparison of computing unit 4.Wherein, the position with the peaked pressure transducer of variation of being calculated acquisition by computing unit 4 is exactly stressed position, or calculate stressed position according to the output valve of several different pressure transducers by computing unit 4, export by outputting data elements 5.
The basic building block of variable-capacitance unit 1111 is to be made of elastic electrode 1113, pad 1118, dielectric 1114 and fixed electorde 1115, describes in detail in an embodiment below.
In example one, as shown in Figure 5, transmission rod 1119 is arranged on a structural member between variable-capacitance unit 1111, elastic electrode 1113 and the Trackpad 1110, and it can be delivered to the stress of Trackpad 1110 on the elastic electrode 1113 of variable-capacitance unit 1111.Elastic electrode 1113 is made by resilient material, as conductive rubber, has better elastic.For further guaranteeing precision and reducing error, between elastic electrode 1113 and dielectric 1114, be provided with pad 1118, because the existence of pad 1118 is arranged, between elastic electrode 1113 and the dielectric 1114, can produce some small gaps.When elastic electrode 1113 produces deformation, can contact with dielectric 1114.Pad 1118 is made by insulating material.
When certain point on the Trackpad 1110 is under pressure, pressure is delivered on the transmission rod 1119 of variable-capacitance unit 1111 by the deformation of Trackpad 1110, under the direct effect of transmission rod 1119, deformation takes place in elastic electrode 1113, and the contact area between the dielectric 1114 is also changing, and Trackpad 1110 pressures are big more, and the contact area between elastic electrode 1113 and the dielectric 1114 is also just big more.
According to the ultimate principle C=ε (s/d) of electric capacity as can be known, capacitance C is directly proportional with DIELECTRIC CONSTANT, area s respectively, and being inversely proportional to apart from d between dielectric.The specific inductive capacity that it has been generally acknowledged that air is 1 or slightly bigger.In the present embodiment, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT is generally hundreds of to thousands of by dielectric 22 decisions, be a fixed number, be assumed to 1000 in the present embodiment, the d correspondence be distance between elastic electrode 1113 and the fixed electorde 1115, be a fixed value, and that the variation maximum is exactly area s.
When elastic electrode 1113 does not contact with dielectric 1114, be air between the two, capacitance is C
0=(s/d).
When elastic electrode 1113 is subjected to less pressure and dielectric 1114 contacts area hour, as have only at 1/10 o'clock, because s is less, C so
1=1000 (s/10d)=100 (s/d)=100C
0
When elastic electrode 21 is subjected to big pressure with dielectric 22 contacts area greatly the time, if any 1/2 o'clock of gross area, C so
2=1000 (s/2d)=500 (s/d)=500C
0=5C
1
Thereby the contact area between elastic electrode 1113 and the dielectric 1114 is big more, and capacitance variations is big more.Accordingly, the electric capacity between elastic electrode 1113 and the fixed electorde 1115 is also just big more.Elastic electrode 1113 has elastic electrode leading-out terminal 1116 and fixed electorde leading-out terminal 1117 respectively with fixed electorde 1115, corresponding electric signal can be linked in the circuit and go.In the present embodiment, be the capacitance change when the contact area between elastic electrode 1113 and the fixed electorde 1115 changes from the minimum to the maximum.
As the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, variable-capacitance unit 1111 is made of elastic electrode 1113, dielectric 1114, fixed electorde 1115 and elastic electrode leading-out terminal 1116 and fixed electorde leading-out terminal 1117.With different among first embodiment is not have pad 1118 and transmission rod 1119 in the present embodiment.As shown in Figure 6, has the projection 1118 ' that a plurality of shapes are identical, be arrayed in elastic electrode 1113 surface and dielectric 1114 relative sides.As shown in Figure 7, projection 1118 ' is connected as a single entity with elastic electrode 1113, and projection 1118 ' has same performance with elastic electrode 1113, when being subjected to Trackpad 1110 pressure, can produce elastic deformation.Elastic electrode 1113 directly contacts with Trackpad 1110, and when being subjected to external force to make Trackpad 1110 produce deformation, deformation will be delivered to elastic electrode 1113 by Trackpad 1110, and stressed big more, and deformation is big more.
A plurality of oscillation frequency signals to pressure sensor unit 1 output in computing unit 4 calculate.Calculation process is as follows: aforementioned a plurality of oscillation frequency signal K
1～K
N, the variable-capacitance unit of relative a plurality of arrayed in the corresponding Trackpad 1110 respectively is promptly on the vertical relatively X-axis and Y direction of Trackpad 1110, to a plurality of variable capacitance pressure units should be arranged.
A plurality of frequency signals of X-direction are sent to frequency counting unit 3 earlier carry out frequency counting, be sent to computing unit 4 again and calculate, draw the difference of X-direction.A plurality of frequency signals of Y direction are adopted identical method, send to frequency counting unit 3 earlier and carry out frequency counting, be sent to computing unit 4 again and calculate, draw the difference of Y direction.Its concrete calculating principle is as follows.
Vertical relatively X-axis and Y-axis constitute a plane right-angle coordinate, and a plurality of variable capacitance pressure transducer locas are a plurality of point of fixity x on this plane right-angle coordinate
1, x
2X
n, y
1, y
2Y
nWherein, x
1, x
2X
nBe the component of x axle horizontal ordinate direction, y
1, y
2Y
nBe the component on the y axle ordinate direction.
When external force F acts on the Trackpad 1110, promptly be to act on the plane that constitutes by X-axis and Y-axis, external force F is F (x) at the component of X-direction, is F (y) at the component of Y direction, so at x
1, x
2X
nComponent on the point is F (x
1) and F (x
2), at y
1, y
2Y
nComponent on the point is F (y
1) and F (y
2).
As shown in Figure 8, four the signal points that only drawn among the figure, in fact any point in effective range can be measured by at least four points.
According to x
1, x
2X
nBetween relation can obtain relative position on the corresponding x axle of external force F, the computing formula of its relative position is: F (x)=F (x
i)/(F (x
1)+F (x
2)+...), same, according to y
1, y
2Y
nBetween relation just can obtain the relative position of external force F correspondence on the y axle, the computing formula of its relative position is: F (y)=F (y
i)/(F (y
1)+F (y
2)+...), in view of the above, just can draw that external force F acts on size on the Trackpad 1110 and application point is (F (x), F (y)):
F(x)＝F(x
i)/(F(x
1)+F(x
2)+…)
F(y)＝F(y
i)/(F(y
1)+F(y
2)+…)
Like this, just draw the information of stress point according to the gained difference.By the X-axis of above acquisition and the difference of Y direction, and the initial value when virgin state, just can obtain the position and the size of outer point of force application on the Trackpad 1110, and by outputting data elements 5 outputs.
The present invention is simple in structure, and is highly sensitive, has very excellent application value, is fit to be applied to multiple applications such as computer entry device, electronic whiteboard and mobile phone, PDA, multimedia interactive equipment.
Though the preferred embodiments of the present invention only have been described here, its meaning be not limit the scope of the invention, applicability and configuration.On the contrary, the detailed description to embodiment can make those skilled in the art be implemented.Will be understood that not departing under the definite spirit and scope of the invention situation of appended claims, can make suitable change and modification some details.
Claims (7)
1. coordinate acquiring device based on variable capacitance, comprise and amplify shaping unit (2), frequency counting unit (3), computing unit (4) and outputting data elements (5), it is characterized in that: also comprise pressure sensor unit (1), pressure sensor unit (1) is carried out the signal amplification with pressure signal transmission to amplifying shaping unit (2), pressure signal after the amplification carries out frequency counting in frequency counting unit (3) after count information sent in the computing unit (4) and carry out position calculation, positional information is exported by outputting data elements (5) again.
2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pressure sensor unit (1) is made up of at least two pressure transducers, and each pressure transducer (11) is made up of inductance (113), fixed capacity (112) and variable capacitance (111); Variable capacitance (111) is made up of at least one variable-capacitance unit (1111), Trackpad (1110) and substrate (1112); Variable-capacitance unit (1111) is positioned on the substrate (1112) with the form of array, and Trackpad (1110) is arranged on the array of variable-capacitance unit (1111).
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: elastic electrode (1113) top of described variable-capacitance unit (1111) has a transmission rod (1119), Trackpad (1110) contact transmission rod (1119), transmission rod (1119) is relative with elastic electrode (1113), and elastic electrode (1113), fixed electorde (1115) both ends of the surface are provided with elastic electrode leading-out terminal (1116) and fixed electorde leading-out terminal (1117).
4. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: between described elastic electrode (1113) and the dielectric (1114) pad (1118) is set.
5. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described elastic electrode (1113) has a plurality of projections (1118 ') with the side that dielectric (1114) contacts.
6. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Trackpad (1110) is made by flexible material.
7. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the quantity of described variable-capacitance unit (1111) is at least 9.
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