CN101900056B - Variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine - Google Patents
Variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101900056B CN101900056B CN2010102403278A CN201010240327A CN101900056B CN 101900056 B CN101900056 B CN 101900056B CN 2010102403278 A CN2010102403278 A CN 2010102403278A CN 201010240327 A CN201010240327 A CN 201010240327A CN 101900056 B CN101900056 B CN 101900056B
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Abstract
The invention provides a variable-compression ratio piston of a combustion engine, comprising a piston top and a piston skirt. A compression ratio adjusting device is arranged between the piston top and the piston skirt and provided with an adjusting device shell. The adjusting device shell is composed of a round platen, an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, wherein the round platen is fixedly connected on the bottom surface of the piston top; the inner cylinder is arranged below the round platen and fixedly connected on the top surface of the piston skirt; and the outer cylinder is in threaded connection with the inner cylinder; the opening of the outer cylinder is provided with a inner stop ring; and the round platen can be embedded between the opening end surface of the inner cylinder and the inner stop ring of the outer cylinder in an axial displacement. The adjusting device is internally provided with a mechanically elastic deformation mechanism which is used for controlling the axial displacement of the round platen; and the initial pretightening force of the mechanically elastic deformation mechanism keeps close matching of the upper part of the outer edge of the round platen and the inner stop ring of the outer cylinder, and maintains that a flexible gap delta is formed between the lower part of the outer edge of the round platen and the opening end surface of the inner cylinder. The compression ratio can make rapidly adaptive variance along with the working condition of the combustion engine. The invention is especially suitable for an automobile engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to internal combustion engine, refer to a kind of variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine particularly.
Background technique
Cylinder compression ratio has considerable influence to the performance of explosive motor.Changeable compression ratio technique is that mean engine has higher compression ratio when running on the lower load, and can be through regulating the too high cylinder pressure of compression ratio control when the high load operating mode.At present, divide with the speed of response that engine operating condition changes according to compression ratio, changeable compression ratio technique mainly contains following two types:
One, compression ratio is with the slow situation that changes of engine operating condition
Compression ratio comprises with the exemplary that engine operating condition more slowly changes: 1, Sa Bo (SAAB) company is at a variable compression ratio engine of exploitation in 2000, and its compression specific energy is regulated between 8～14 continuously.This motor has separated cylinder head and body, and through changing the relative tilt angle of cylinder head and engine body, combustion chamber volume changes when making piston be positioned at top dead center, thereby changes the compression ratio of motor.2, the VCR motor of French MCE-5 motor and German FEV company, it adopts crankshaft eccentric mechanism, and the relative position of crankshaft center and cylinder head is changed, thus the position of raising or reducing piston top dead center reaches the purpose that changes compression ratio.The changeable compression ratio technique of stroke of piston when 3, a kind of removable crank pin of Gomecsys company proposition is with the change top dead center position; The core of this technology is the eccentric stiffener that changes the crank pin position; It drives the change that eccentric stiffener is realized compression ratio with ring gear, and its working principle is similar with the VCR motor of FEV company.4, Ford motor corporation has proposed a kind of imagination that realizes the compression ratio change through duaspiracle mechanism; This imagination is on cylinder head, to increase a valve in addition to be used to regulate clearance volume; This valve is controlled with hydraulic pressure or other modes, cooperates ECU to realize the change of engine compression ratio with load.5, there are the meaning that plays the same tune on different musical instruments in second piston mechanism of Sweden Lurd institute proposition and the duaspiracle mechanism of Ford motor corporation, and just valve are changed and make a piston, to change the clearance volume in the cylinder.6, Nissan has designed a kind of quadratic crank mechanism to realize the change of cylinder compression ratio; U.S. Patent application US6705255 has proposed a kind of bent axle, US6679203 that can change compression ratio of internal-combustion engine and has proposed a kind of hydraulic pressure installation, US6668768 that can change compression ratio of internal-combustion engine and proposed a kind of connecting rod means, US6510821 that can change compression ratio of internal-combustion engine and proposed a kind of internal-combustion engine variable compression ratio device in addition; This type device is provided with an eccentric connection part mostly; Can feed back the different impact forces of piston, and change cylinder compression ratio through the control piston stroke to connecting rod.But, more than these changeable compression ratio techniques need adopt complicated electronic control technique and complicated mechanical or hydraulic pressure installation usually, its manufacture difficulty is bigger, cost of production is high.And, because that its compression ratio changes with engine operating condition is comparatively slow, generally only can be used for big-block engines such as boats and ships, and not be suitable for engine operating condition such as automobile and change occasion faster.
Two, compression ratio is with the fast-changing situation of engine operating condition
Compression ratio faster changes generally with engine operating condition to be realized through changing the piston height.University of Michigan has proposed a kind of in-cylinder pressure excitation piston; This piston structure allows piston crown according to in-cylinder pressure and from line deflection; Deflection along with piston crown; Clearance volume in the cylinder also increases thereupon, and the effective compression ratio in the cylinder will descend like this, and the pressure of explosion in the cylinder also just descends thereupon.Notification number is that the Chinese utility model patent specification of CN2718232Y has proposed a kind of internal-combustion engine elastic piston; It is divided into piston head and piston body two-part with piston; Arrange elastic element in the cavity between piston head and piston body, experience the pressure in the cylinder, when pressure during greater than the pretightening force of elastic element through piston head; The elastic element distortion reduces depth pistion, thereby realizes the change of compression ratio in the cylinder.In addition; The variable-compression-ratio piston that British Internal Combustion Engine Research Association (BICERA) and Chinese Saic Chery Automobile Co., Ltd propose all is that piston is divided into upper and lower two-part; Charge into high pressure oil in the cavity between upper and lower two-part, the compound mode through compensation hydraulic or hydraulic pressure and spring changes compression ratio.The key of above changeable compression ratio technique is hydraulic pressure deformation mechanism and/or elastic deformation component's structural design; It is bigger that this structure should satisfy when inner pressure of air cylinder does not reach pretightening force its rigidity; And its rigidity can descend rapidly after inner pressure of air cylinder surpasses pretightening force, promptly has elastic deformability faster.To the hydraulic pressure deformation mechanism; Because the pressure during the motor Actual combustion is very high; This has proposed very high requirement for hydraulic mechanism and control system thereof; Existing hydraulic mechanism exists complex structure, elevated-temperature seal poor-performing, working life short, speed of response to wait defective more slowly, causes the comparatively difficulty that resets fast after the piston distortion.To the elastic deformation component; Existing elastic deformation component often adopts common stage clip; And bigger variation can't take place with cylinder internal loading situation rapidly in the rigidity of common stage clip, and arranges a stage clip that bears huge gas pressure in the small space between the upper and lower two-part of piston, is very high to its performance requirement; Also do not see at present the stage clip that can satisfy above-mentioned requirements, choosing of visible elastic deformation component is equally also very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to provide a kind of simple in structure, with low cost, reliable operation and its compression ratio to make the variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine that fast adaptability changes with engine operating condition.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine that the present invention designed comprises piston head and piston skirt, is provided with the compression ratio adjustment device between said piston head and the piston skirt.Said compression ratio adjustment device has a controlling device housing; Said controlling device housing is made up of the outer cylinder that is fixedly connected on circular platen on the piston head bottom surface, is positioned at circular platen below and is fixedly connected on the inner cylinder on the piston skirt end face and be threaded with inner cylinder; The tube port position of said outer cylinder is provided with interior stop ring, and said circular platen can be embedded between the interior stop ring of nozzle end face and outer cylinder of inner cylinder axially.Be provided with the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism of the circular platen axial displacement of control in the said controlling device housing, the initial pretightening force of said mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism keeps above the outer rim of circular platen and the interior stop ring of outer cylinder fits tightly and keep forming flexible gap delta below the outer rim of circular platen and between the nozzle end face of inner cylinder.
The present invention sets the initial flexible gap delta of controlling device housing through the worm structure of inside and outside cylinder; And adopt the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism to keep this flexible gap delta; Because the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism can keep higher pretightening force by the design demand of internal-combustion engine; So when internal-combustion engine in, running on the lower load when operation, the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing can keep stablize constant; And when internal-combustion engine became the operation of high load operating mode, the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism can reduce the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing rapidly through himself distortion again, thereby the compression ratio in the cylinder can be changed with the variation of engine conditions fast.
As one of preferred version; Said mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism has a circular sloped surface drive plate; Said circular sloped surface drive plate is fixedly mounted on the below of circular platen through the adjusting bolt and lock nut of its central hole; The arranged outside of said circular sloped surface drive plate has the annular slope bracing ring, and the driving inclined-plane of the supporting oblique surface of said annular slope bracing ring and circular sloped surface drive plate encloses in the V-type annular groove of formation and is evenly distributed with steel ball, is provided with spring cap above the said steel ball; The bottom of said spring cap is provided with the entad inclined-plane that contacts with the steel ball compressing, is provided with elastic reset member between said spring cap and the circular platen.When the load in the cylinder of internal-combustion engine is increased to the initial pretightening force above the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism; Elastic reset member is compressed by circular platen; Meanwhile steel ball is done entad to move under triple extruding guiding of spring cap, annular slope bracing ring and circular sloped surface drive plate; Further increase the also distortion of locking elastic reposition element, thereby can reduce the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing rapidly.
Further, be provided with the assistant spring reposition element between said circular sloped surface drive plate and the inner cylinder.When the pressure recovery in the cylinder is under the pretightening force that the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism is set; Elastic reset member and assistant spring reposition element synergy; Can guarantee that steel ball resets fully, thus the numerical value when making the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing return to initial the installation.
Further; Entad inclined-plane and inner ring entad are formed by connecting on the inclined-plane the outer ring on said entad inclined-plane; Said outer ring entad the level inclination on inclined-plane less than the inner ring level inclination on inclined-plane entad, said outer ring entad inclined-plane and inner ring entad the intersection on inclined-plane be formed with a circle flex point S.During concrete the design, the said outer ring entad level inclination on inclined-plane is 10～15 °, and the said inner ring entad level inclination on inclined-plane is 30～35 °.Accordingly, the level inclination of said supporting oblique surface is 10～15 °, and the level inclination on said driving inclined-plane is 40～50 °.Adopt two sections different inclined-planes of level inclination to form entad inclined-plane; Can make steel ball when entad moving to the flex point S on two sections inclined-planes, produce abrupt change; The component that this moment, elastic reset member made progress is less significantly, and the distortion of elastic reset member and the mechanical displacement of spring cap increase sharply, thereby can reduce the integral rigidity of mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism; Improve piston head to the speed that piston skirt moves, reach the purpose of timely adjusting compression ratio with the control cylinder inner high voltage.
As two of preferred version; Said mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism has an annular shaking tray; Said annular shaking tray is movably arranged on the below of circular platen through the adjusting bolt and lock nut of its central hole, along the circumferential direction evenly is connected with some wire rope on the said annular shaking tray, and the other end of said some wire rope is connected with steel ball respectively; Said steel ball along the circumferential direction is evenly distributed on the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner cylinder bottom inside; Be provided with spring cap above the said steel ball, the bottom surface of said spring cap contacts with the steel ball compressing, is provided with elastic reset member between said spring cap and the circular platen.When the load in the cylinder of internal-combustion engine is increased to the initial pretightening force above the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism; Elastic reset member is compressed by circular platen; Meanwhile steel ball is done centrifugal moving under the dual extruding guiding on spring cap and the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner cylinder bottom inside; Further increase the also distortion of locking elastic reposition element, thereby can reduce the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing rapidly.
Further, the spherical bearing sliding connection structure is adopted with the head contacting point of regulating bolt in the center hole lower end of said annular shaking tray, to regulate the unbalanced tensile force between the some wire rope, makes centrifugal the moving of steel ball more become even.
Further; Said centrifugal inclined-plane is formed by connecting on centrifugal inclined-plane, outer ring and the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner ring; The level inclination on centrifugal inclined-plane, said outer ring is greater than the level inclination on the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner ring, and the intersection on centrifugal inclined-plane, said outer ring and the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner ring is formed with a circle flex point P.During concrete the design, the level inclination on centrifugal inclined-plane, said outer ring is 30～35 °, and the level inclination on the centrifugal inclined-plane of said inner ring is 10～15 °.Adopt two sections different inclined-planes of level inclination to form centrifugal inclined-plane; Can make the steel ball that links to each other with wire rope produce abrupt change when moving to the flex point P on two sections inclined-planes centrifugal; The component that this moment, elastic reset member made progress is less significantly, and the distortion of elastic reset member and the mechanical displacement of spring cap increase sharply, thereby can reduce the integral rigidity of mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism; Improve piston head to the speed that piston skirt moves, reach the purpose of timely adjusting compression ratio with the control cylinder inner high voltage.
In addition, among the present invention, said elastic reset member or assistant spring reposition element are formed by multi-disc butterfly spring stack combinations, the initial pretightening force that can come free adjusting cylinder compression ratio and mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism through the sheet number of increase and decrease butterfly spring.Certainly, also the adjusting pad can be set between butterfly spring and spring cap, realize the adjusting of compression ratio and initial pretightening force through the increase and decrease of regulating pad.
Working principle of the present invention is such: the compression ratio adjustment device of design between piston head and piston skirt is made up of controlling device housing and mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism; The higher pretightening force of mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism can form stable initial flexible gap delta through the controlling device housing between piston head and piston skirt; Thereby improve the compression ratio of piston in advance; Make internal-combustion engine in, during running on the lower load with higher compression ratio operation; Effectively improve internal-combustion engine in, the running on the lower load characteristic, improve the Economy of internal combustion engine operation, reduce the discharging of not firing HC.And the pressure in internal-combustion engine turns to high load operating mode, cylinder is when meeting or exceeding above-mentioned pretightening force; The mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism can produce quick distortion thereupon; Reduce to change depth pistion through flexible gap delta; Thereby regulate the minimum cylinder volume of internal-combustion engine automatically, maximum pressure and temperature during control high load operating mode in the cylinder, the functional reliability of raising internal-combustion engine.
The invention has the advantages that: the height that adopts mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism and extension type controlling device housing Collaborative Control piston; On the one hand in, be easy to keep the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism to have big rigidity during low-load, the compression ratio of promptly keeping depth pistion, internal-combustion engine is higher; Machinery resiliently deformable mechanism can produce certain deformation rapidly when high load on the other hand, and the compression ratio that promptly reduces depth pistion, internal-combustion engine fast reduces thereupon.Like this, both overcome the difficult problem that existing hydraulic pressure deformation mechanism is slow to the load variations speed of response, piston can't reset after being out of shape fast, the rigidity that has solved single common stage clip again can't be with the deficiency of load condition variation.For example aforementioned two kinds of preferred mechanical resiliently deformable mechanisms; Its higher pretightening force is guaranteed by elastic reset member, in case load when surpassing pretightening force the not only quick deformation of elastic reset member meeting; And steel ball also can move radially under the compressing of spring cap; And then drive whole mechanical part and move down, thereby increased again the deformation quantity after the pretension, guaranteed that piston can change compression ratio sooner more certainly when load surpasses pretightening force.And when load was reduced under the pretightening force, the inherent characteristic of elastic reset member can be guaranteed the depth pistion fast restore.In addition, the present invention is simple and reliable for structure, and is less demanding to the sealing technology of element, cheap for manufacturing cost, is particularly suitable for working conditions change motor car engine faster.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main sectional structure schematic representation of embodiment's 1 described variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine;
Fig. 2 is the detailed indicating arrangement schematic representation of compression ratio adjustment device among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the local structure for amplifying schematic representation at B place among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the main sectional structure schematic representation of embodiment's 2 described variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine;
Fig. 5 is the A-A cross-sectional view among Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the detailed indicating arrangement schematic representation of compression ratio adjustment device among Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the local structure for amplifying schematic representation at C place among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the main TV structure schematic representation of Fig. 6 medi-spring attic base;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of looking up of Fig. 6 medi-spring attic base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description:
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, the variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine shown in the figure, comprise piston head 1, piston skirt 2 and be installed in piston head 1 and piston skirt 2 between compression ratio adjustment device 3.
Referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 3, compression ratio adjustment device 3 comprises controlling device housing 4 and mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5.Controlling device housing 4 is by being fixedly connected on circular platen 4.1 on piston head 1 bottom surface through backing-up screw, being positioned at circular platen 4.1 belows and being fixedly connected on the inner cylinder 4.2 on piston skirt 2 end faces and the outer cylinder 4.3 that is threaded with inner cylinder 4.2 constitutes through backing-up screw.The tube port position of outer cylinder 4.3 is provided with interior stop ring 4.3.1, and circular platen 4.1 can be embedded between the interior stop ring 4.3.1 of nozzle end face and outer cylinder 4.3 of inner cylinder 4.2 axially.The top of circular platen 4.1 is provided with the first boss 4.1.1, in order to circumferentially to locate with piston head 1.Be provided with the locating stud (not shown) between circular platen 4.1 and the inner cylinder 4.2, can prevent relatively rotating between piston head 1 and the piston skirt 2.The bottom of inner cylinder 4.2 is provided with the second boss 4.2.2, in order to circumferentially to locate with piston skirt 2.
Mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 is arranged in the cavity of inner cylinder 4.2.Mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 has a circular sloped surface drive plate 5.3, and the adjusting bolt 5.1 of circular sloped surface drive plate 5.3 through its central hole and locking nut 5.2 are fixedly mounted on the below of circular platen 4.1.The arranged outside of circular sloped surface drive plate 5.3 has annular slope bracing ring 5.4, and the driving inclined-plane 5.3.1 of the supporting oblique surface 5.4.1 of annular slope bracing ring 5.4 and circular sloped surface drive plate 5.3 encloses in the V-type annular groove of formation and is evenly distributed with steel ball 5.5.Wherein, the level inclination of supporting oblique surface 5.4.1 is 10～15 °, and the level inclination that drives inclined-plane 5.3.1 is 40～50 °.In the present embodiment, the level inclination of supporting oblique surface 5.4.1 is 10 °, and the level inclination that drives inclined-plane 5.3.1 is 45 °.Be provided with spring cap 5.6 above the steel ball 5.5, the bottom of spring cap 5.6 is provided with the entad inclined-plane 5.6.1 that contacts with steel ball 5.5 compressings.Preferably entad inclined-plane 5.6.1 the outer ring entad inclined-plane 5.6.1a and inner ring entad inclined-plane 5.6.1b be formed by connecting, in the general design, the outer ring entad level inclination of inclined-plane 5.6.1a is 10～15 °, the inner ring entad level inclination of inclined-plane 5.6.1b is 30～35 °.In the present embodiment, preferred outer ring entad the level inclination of inclined-plane 5.6.1a be 10 °, inner ring entad the level inclination of inclined-plane 5.6.1b be 30 °.In the outer ring entad inclined-plane 5.6.1a and inner ring entad the intersection of inclined-plane 5.6.1b be formed with a circle flex point S.
Between spring cap 5.6 and circular platen 4.1, be provided with elastic reset member 5.7, between circular sloped surface drive plate 5.3 and inner cylinder 4.2, be provided with assistant spring reposition element 5.8.Elastic reset member 5.7 forms by multi-disc belleville spring stack combinations with assistant spring reposition element 5.8.Regulate the pad (not shown) in order to regulate compression ratio and initial pretightening force better, between butterfly spring and spring cap 5.6, to be provided with, realize the adjusting of compression ratio and initial pretightening force through the increase and decrease of regulating pad.
Above-mentioned mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 is used for the axial displacement of regulating and controlling device case 4 circular platens 4.1.The initial pretightening force of mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 can keep above the outer rim of circular platen 4.1 fitting tightly with the interior stop ring 4.3.1 of outer cylinder 4.3, and keeps forming the displacement gap delta below the outer rim of circular platen 4.1 and between the nozzle end face of inner cylinder 4.2.This displacement gap delta is regulated by the worm structure of inner cylinder 4.2 and outer cylinder 4.3 and is set, and keeps through mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5, is the maximum relative displacement between piston head 1 and the piston skirt 2.Because mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 can keep higher pretightening force by the design demand of internal-combustion engine, thus when internal-combustion engine in, when running on the lower load moves, the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 can keep stablize constant; And when internal-combustion engine became the operation of high load operating mode, mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 can reduce the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 rapidly through himself distortion again, thereby the compression ratio in the cylinder can be changed with the variation of engine conditions fast.
In the present embodiment; The outer ring of spring cap 5.6 entad the level inclination of inclined-plane 5.6.1a less than the inner ring level inclination of inclined-plane 5.6.1b entad; Be formed with the flex point S of a circle abrupt change between the two; And steel ball 5.5 only receives the flat entad compressing of inclined-plane 5.6.1a of outer ring in original state, and this structure can provide bigger pretightening force under the pretension state like this.When be carried on the piston head 1 pressure just often, the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 remains unchanged.
When the pressure on being carried in piston head 1 surpasses the initial pretightening force that is provided by elastic reset member 5.7 and assistant spring reposition element 5.8; Elastic reset member 5.7 and assistant spring reposition element 5.8 are by circular platen 4.1 compressive strains; Meanwhile steel ball 5.5 is done entad to roll under triple extruding guiding of spring cap 5.6, annular slope bracing ring 5.4 and circular sloped surface drive plate 5.3; Elastic reset member 5.7 is further compressed with assistant spring reposition element 5.8; Between circular platen 4.1 and the inner cylinder 4.2 vertical mechanical displacement takes place, the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 diminishes, and causes piston head 1 and piston skirt 2 also to produce vertical displacement; Under the mutual restriction of steel ball 5.5 and circular sloped surface drive plate 5.3, the piston whole height reduces.
When steel ball 5.5 entad is rolled to inner ring entad during inclined-plane 5.6.1b place through flex point S in 5.6.1a place in inclined-plane by the outer ring; The rolling track generation abrupt change of steel ball 5.5; Elastic reset member 5.7 reduces with the component of assistant spring reposition element 5.8 on the direction that makes progress significantly; Make above-mentioned resiliently deformable and mechanical displacement increase sharply; Thereby reduced the integral rigidity of piston fast, reduced the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 rapidly, reached the purpose of timely adjusting compression ratio with the control cylinder internal pressure.
When the pressure on being carried in piston head 1 is reduced to less than the pretightening force of elastic reset member 5.7 and assistant spring reposition element 5.8; Elastic reset member 5.7 begins to recover with assistant spring reposition element 5.8; And it is up to drive circular sloped surface drive plates 5.3 through circular platen 4.1 and adjusting bolt 5.1; Thereby drive steel ball 5.5 and make radially centrifugal motion, whole piston returns to original state.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 4, the variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine shown in the figure, comprise piston head 1, piston skirt 2 and be installed in piston head 1 and piston skirt 2 between compression ratio adjustment device 3.
Referring to Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, compression ratio adjustment device 3 comprises controlling device housing 4 and mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5.Controlling device housing 4 is by being fixedly connected on circular platen 4.1 on piston head 1 bottom surface through backing-up screw, being positioned at circular platen 4.1 belows and being fixedly connected on the inner cylinder 4.2 on piston skirt 2 end faces and the outer cylinder 4.3 that is threaded with inner cylinder 4.2 constitutes through backing-up screw.The tube port position of outer cylinder 4.3 is provided with interior stop ring 4.3.1, and circular platen 4.1 can be embedded between the interior stop ring 4.3.1 of nozzle end face and outer cylinder 4.3 of inner cylinder 4.2 axially.The top of circular platen 4.1 is provided with the first boss 4.1.1, in order to circumferentially to locate with piston head 1.Be provided with the locating stud (not shown) between circular platen 4.1 and the inner cylinder 4.2, can prevent relatively rotating between piston head 1 and the piston skirt 2.The bottom of inner cylinder 4.2 is provided with the second boss 4.2.2, in order to circumferentially to locate with piston skirt 2.
Mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 is arranged in the cavity of inner cylinder 4.2.Mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 has an annular shaking tray 5.10, and the adjusting bolt 5.1 of annular shaking tray 5.10 through its central hole and locking nut 5.2 are movably arranged on the below of circular platen 4.1.Along the circumferential direction evenly be connected with some wire rope 5.9 on the annular shaking tray 5.10, the other end of each root wire rope 5.9 is connected with steel ball 5.5 respectively.In the present embodiment, wire rope 5.9 has the six roots of sensation, and corresponding steel ball 5.5 has six, and each steel ball 5.5 along the circumferential direction is evenly distributed on the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1 of inner cylinder 4.2 bottom inside.Preferred centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1 is formed by connecting centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1a in outer ring and the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1b of inner ring, and the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1a in outer ring is greater than the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1b of inner ring.During general the design, the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1a in outer ring is 30～35 °, and the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1b of inner ring is 10～15 °.In the present embodiment, the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1a in outer ring is 30 °, and the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1b of inner ring is 10 °.The intersection of centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1a in outer ring and the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1b of inner ring is formed with the flex point P of a circle abrupt change.In order to regulate the unbalanced tensile force between each root wire rope 5.9, centrifugal the moving of steel ball 5.5 more become evenly, the spherical bearing sliding connection structure is adopted with the head contacting point of regulating bolt 5.1 in the center hole lower end of annular shaking tray 5.10.On steel ball 5.5, be provided with spring cap 5.6, the bottom surface of spring cap 5.6 contacts with steel ball 5.5 compressings.Between spring cap 5.6 and circular platen 4.1, be provided with elastic reset member 5.7, elastic reset member 5.7 is formed by multi-disc belleville spring stack combinations.
Referring to Fig. 8 to Fig. 9, spring cap 5.6 bottom surfaces along the circumferential direction evenly are provided with and wire rope 5.9 U type fixed base 5.6.2 one to one.Be provided with a round pin 5.6.3 between two U type blocked ears of each U type fixed base 5.6.2, wire rope 5.9 is walked around from round pin 5.6.3, in order to avoid cut bad by the edge of spring cap 5.6 center holes.
Above-mentioned mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 is used for the axial displacement of regulating and controlling device case 4 circular platens 4.1.The initial pretightening force of mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 can keep above the outer rim of circular platen 4.1 fitting tightly with the interior stop ring 4.3.1 of outer cylinder 4.3, and keeps forming the displacement gap delta below the outer rim of circular platen 4.1 and between the nozzle end face of inner cylinder 4.2.This displacement gap delta is regulated by the worm structure of inner cylinder 4.2 and outer cylinder 4.3 and is set, and keeps through mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5, is the maximum relative displacement between piston head 1 and the piston skirt 2.Because mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 can keep higher pretightening force by the design demand of internal-combustion engine, thus when internal-combustion engine in, when running on the lower load moves, the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 can keep stablize constant; And when internal-combustion engine became the operation of high load operating mode, mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism 5 can reduce the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 rapidly through himself distortion again, thereby the compression ratio in the cylinder can be changed with the variation of engine conditions fast.
In the present embodiment; The initial deformation of elastic reset member 5.7 be can regulate during installation through the worm structure between inner cylinder 4.2 and the outer cylinder 4.3, and the initial tension of wire rope 5.9 and the initial position of steel ball 5.5 confirmed with annular shaking tray 5.10 through regulating bolt 5.1.After installing, because the existence of flexible gap delta, its compression ratio is higher slightly than conventional piston.Again since the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1a in outer ring of inner cylinder 4.2 greater than the level inclination of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1b of inner ring; Be formed with the flex point P of a circle abrupt change between the two; And steel ball 5.5 only is positioned on the flat centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1b of inner ring in original state, and this structure can provide bigger pretightening force under the pretension state like this.
When be carried on the piston head 1 pressure just often; Inner pressure of air cylinder is lower than the pretightening force of setting; The flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 remains unchanged, and does not have relative displacement between piston head 1 and the piston skirt 2, and this moment, this variable-compression-ratio piston was identical with the function of conventional piston.
When the pressure on being carried in piston head 1 surpasses the initial pretightening force that is provided by elastic reset member 5.7; Elastic reset member 5.7 is by circular platen 4.1 compressive strains; Meanwhile steel ball 5.5 is done centrifugal moving under the dual extruding guiding function of the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1 of spring cap 5.6 and inner cylinder 4.2, makes elastic reset member 5.7 by further compression, and vertical mechanical displacement takes place between circular platen 4.1 and the inner cylinder 4.2; The flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 diminishes; Cause piston head 1 and piston skirt 2 also to produce vertical displacement, under the mutual restriction of steel ball 5.5 and the centrifugal inclined-plane 4.2.1 of inner cylinder 4.2, the piston whole height reduces.
When steel ball 5.5 is rolled to 4.2.1a place, centrifugal inclined-plane, outer ring by 4.2.1b place, the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner ring through flex point P; The rolling track generation abrupt change of steel ball 5.5; The component of elastic reset member 5.7 on the direction that makes progress reduces significantly, makes above-mentioned resiliently deformable and mechanical displacement increase sharply, thereby has reduced the integral rigidity of piston fast; Reduced the flexible gap delta of controlling device housing 4 rapidly, reached the purpose of timely adjusting compression ratio with the control cylinder internal pressure.
When the pressure on being carried in piston head 1 is reduced to less than the pretightening force of elastic reset member 5.7; Elastic reset member 5.7 begins to recover; And successively through circular platen 4.1, regulate bolt 5.1, annular shaking tray 5.10 and wire rope 5.9 and drive steel balls 5.5 and do the radial centripetal motion, whole piston returns to original state.
Claims (10)
1. a variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine comprises piston head (1) and piston skirt (2), is provided with compression ratio adjustment device (3) between said piston head (1) and the piston skirt (2), it is characterized in that:
Said compression ratio adjustment device (3) has a controlling device housing (4); Said controlling device housing (4) is by being fixedly connected on the circular platen (4.1) on piston head (1) bottom surface, outer cylinder (4.3) formation that is positioned at circular platen (4.1) below and is fixedly connected on the inner cylinder (4.2) on piston skirt (2) end face and is threaded with inner cylinder (4.2); The tube port position of said outer cylinder (4.3) is provided with interior stop ring (4.3.1), and said circular platen (4.1) can be embedded between the interior stop ring (4.3.1) of nozzle end face and outer cylinder (4.3) of inner cylinder (4.2) axially;
Be provided with the mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism (5) of control circular platen (4.1) axial displacement in the said controlling device housing (4), the initial pretightening force of said mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism (5) keeps above the outer rim of circular platen (4.1) and the interior stop ring (4.3.1) of outer cylinder (4.3) fits tightly and keep forming flexible gap delta below the outer rim of circular platen (4.1) and between the nozzle end face of inner cylinder (4.2).
2. variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism (5) has a circular sloped surface drive plate (5.3); The below that adjusting bolt (5.1) and the locking nut (5.2) of said circular sloped surface drive plate (5.3) through its central hole is fixedly mounted on circular platen (4.1); The arranged outside of said circular sloped surface drive plate (5.3) has annular slope bracing ring (5.4); The supporting oblique surface (5.4.1) of said annular slope bracing ring (5.4) and the driving inclined-plane (5.3.1) of circular sloped surface drive plate (5.3) enclose in the V-type annular groove of formation and are evenly distributed with steel ball (5.5); Be provided with spring cap (5.6) above the said steel ball (5.5); The bottom of said spring cap (5.6) is provided with the entad inclined-plane (5.6.1) that contacts with steel ball (5.5) compressing, is provided with elastic reset member (5.7) between said spring cap (5.6) and the circular platen (4.1).
3. variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with assistant spring reposition element (5.8) between said circular sloped surface drive plate (5.3) and the inner cylinder (4.2).
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine; It is characterized in that: said entad inclined-plane (5.6.1) the outer ring entad inclined-plane (5.6.1a) and inner ring entad inclined-plane (5.6.1b) be formed by connecting; Said outer ring entad the level inclination of inclined-plane (5.6.1a) less than the inner ring level inclination of inclined-plane (5.6.1b) entad, said outer ring entad inclined-plane (5.6.1a) and inner ring entad the intersection of inclined-plane (5.6.1b) be formed with a circle flex point (S).
5. variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the said outer ring entad level inclination of inclined-plane (5.6.1a) is 10～15 °, and the said inner ring entad level inclination of inclined-plane (5.6.1b) is 30～35 °; The level inclination of said supporting oblique surface (5.4.1) is 10～15 °, and the level inclination on said driving inclined-plane (5.3.1) is 40～50 °.
6. variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said mechanical elasticity deformation mechanism (5) has an annular shaking tray (5.10); The below that adjusting bolt (5.1) and the locking nut (5.2) of said annular shaking tray (5.10) through its central hole is movably arranged on circular platen (4.1); Along the circumferential direction evenly be connected with some wire rope (5.9) on the said annular shaking tray (5.10); The other end of said some wire rope (5.9) is connected with steel ball (5.5) respectively; Said steel ball (5.5) along the circumferential direction is evenly distributed on the centrifugal inclined-plane (4.2.1) of inner cylinder (4.2) bottom inside; Be provided with spring cap (5.6) above the said steel ball (5.5), the bottom surface of said spring cap (5.6) contacts with steel ball (5.5) compressing, is provided with elastic reset member (5.7) between said spring cap (5.6) and the circular platen (4.1).
7. variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the spherical bearing sliding connection structure is adopted with the head contacting point of regulating bolt (5.1) in the center hole lower end of said annular shaking tray (5.10).
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine; It is characterized in that: said centrifugal inclined-plane (4.2.1) is formed by connecting on centrifugal inclined-plane, outer ring (4.2.1a) and the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner ring (4.2.1b); The level inclination on centrifugal inclined-plane, said outer ring (4.2.1a) is greater than the level inclination on the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner ring (4.2.1b), and centrifugal inclined-plane, said outer ring (4.2.1a) is formed with a circle flex point (P) with the intersection on the centrifugal inclined-plane of inner ring (4.2.1b).
9. variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the level inclination on centrifugal inclined-plane, said outer ring (4.2.1a) is 30～35 °, and the level inclination on the centrifugal inclined-plane of said inner ring (4.2.1b) is 10～15 °.
10. according to claim 2 or 3 or 6 or 7 described variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine, it is characterized in that: said elastic reset member (5.7) or assistant spring reposition element (5.8) are formed by multi-disc butterfly spring stack combinations.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102403278A CN101900056B (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2010-07-27 | Variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102403278A CN101900056B (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2010-07-27 | Variable-compression ratio piston of combustion engine |
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| CN102269076B (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Improved variable compression ratio piston for internal combustion engine |
| CN102330617B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-04-03 | 李钢 | Adaptive variable compression engine piston |
| WO2014049309A2 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-04-03 | George Frederic Galvin | Piston |
| US9856790B2 (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2018-01-02 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable compression ratio apparatus |
| SE543474C2 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-03-02 | Hedman Ericsson Patent Ab | Method for producing variable compression ratio in internal combustion engine and device for the method |
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| JPS63131839A (en) * | 1986-11-19 | 1988-06-03 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd | Piston for internal combustion engine |
| WO2002103178A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-27 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Compression ratio variable device of internal combustion engine |
| CN1719013A (en) * | 2005-01-04 | 2006-01-11 | 王希平 | Variable capacity engine |
| JP4430654B2 (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2010-03-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Variable compression ratio device for internal combustion engine |
| JP2007198309A (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Compression ratio varying device for internal combustion engine |
| CN101016863B (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2011-04-27 | 袁辉 | Variable compression ratio device of piston reciprocating internal combustion engine |
| CN201794677U (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-04-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Variable compression-ratio piston of internal combustion engine |
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