CN101892824B - Combined multi-stage pressure control method and device - Google Patents
Combined multi-stage pressure control method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined multi-stage pressure control method, which is applied in petroleum and natural gas drilling pressure control. In the invention, a rough adjustment throttling control system and a fine adjustment throttling control system are connected in series to control the circulating pressure loss of drilling fluid and adjust a bottom-hole pressure. The rough adjustment throttling control system consists of a plurality of rough adjustment throttling channels and a straight flow channel, which are connected in parallel; and each rough adjustment throttling channel is formed by connecting a self-control flat valve and a throttling short connector in series, and the self-control flat valves as well as the throttling short connectors of all rough adjustment throttling channels are the same. The method has the advantages that: the mode of connecting various throttling channels in parallel or series is adopted, so the control range of the throttling pressure difference of a throttling short connector is kept in a certain range; the circulating pressure of the drilling fluid is adjusted roughly to approach or reach a bottom-hole pressure control range; and the fine adjustment throttling control system finely adjust the circulating pressure of the drilling fluid to meet the requirements for high-precision bottom-hole pressure control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil, gas drilling pressure control equipment field, particularly oil gas well control pressing pressure drilling technology is a kind of combined multi-stage pressure control method and device.
Background technology
Oil-Gas Well Engineering comprises three kinds of basic drilling modes, is respectively under balance pressure drilling, near-balance drilling and overbalance drilling well.Wherein, bottom pressure is less than strata pressure during under balance pressure drilling, and bottom pressure is near bottom pressure during near-balance drilling, and bottom pressure is greater than strata pressure during the overbalance drilling well.Three kinds of drilling mode suitable application areas have nothing in common with each other, and the overbalance drilling well is conservative relatively, are unfavorable for improving drilling speed and reservoir protection, and range of application will be dwindled gradually; Under balance pressure drilling is conducive to drilling speed and improves and reservoir protection, but higher to the stratum stability requirement, range of application is restricted; The near-balance drilling range of application is unrestricted, and drilling speed raising and reservoir protection are had certain help, but requires accurate bottom pressure control.Along with the oil/gas drilling field is constantly expanded, (the formation fracture pressure window is narrow and small one by one for formation pore pressure for the drilling well of narrow density window, the drilling fluid normal circulation presses consumption to surpass the pressure reduction of formation pore pressure and fracture pressure), the drilling well of exhausted pressure oil gas reservoir, slimhole drilling and marine drilling all obtain application more and more widely, require accurate bottom pressure to control to reduce or avoid because the improper leakage that causes of bottom pressure control, well slough, bit freezing, borehole problems such as well kick, improve bit speed, reduce nonproductive time and save drilling cost, these have all promoted the development of controlled pressure drilling technology.
The controlled pressure drilling well requires the control pressurer system of high accuracy, high reliability and stability accurately to control circulation of drilling fluid pressure, guarantees that bottom pressure is in narrow range accurately.The conventional method that adopts is to come the control well bottom pressure by the control wellhead back pressure, and the main means of control are well head to be returned out drilling fluid carry out the pipeline current limliting, the pressure loss in the control drilling-fluid circulation system.The main mode of pipeline current limliting is by laying one or more choke valves, regulating throttle valve opening to drilling fluid throttling control wellhead back pressure.Therefore, the controlled pressure drilling well can be summarized the following aspects to the requirement of pressure system: 1, high-precision choke pressure control; 2, by throttling the shaft bottom is produced enough big back pressure, but can not stop up the return flow line; 3, choke valve is in adjustment process, make pressure before the flow of choke valve and the throttling in a certain suitable scope, the aperture control of throttling controlled pressure and valve is simple relation, control is easy, stable, it is not obvious to avoid appearing at some stroke pressure variation, the situation that some stroke pressure is undergone mutation again; 4, erosion resistance, runner distributes rationally, avoids mud directly to wash away.
Traditional well control throttle system only can cooperate weighted drilling fluid control well bottom pressure, and control accuracy is low, and the equilibrium establishment time is long, can't satisfy the requirement of controlled pressure drilling well, must develop new control pressurer system to adapt to the requirement of controlled pressure drilling well development.International renowned company such as Halliburton, the single high-performance choke valve that the control pressurer system of companies such as Shell all is to use carries out throttling, can under big pressure reduction, big flow, carry out accurate pressure control for a long time, but cost is very expensive, although and homemade choke valve cost is lower, but wear-resistant, shock resistance is relatively poor, can't satisfy requirement long-time under the big pressure reduction condition, continuous pressure control.Therefore, it is imperative to develop the low-cost control pressurer system of a kind of novel high-precision, high reliability, stability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of combined multi-stage pressure control device is provided and adopts this device to carry out the method for down-hole pressure control, realize the drilling well of narrow density window, the drilling well of exhausted pressure oil gas reservoir, slimhole drilling and ocean pressure control drilling well, the control of reach accurate, reliable, stablizing bottom pressure.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of combined multi-stage pressure control device, mainly formed by slush pump, swivel control head, the first automatic control flap type, backpressure pump, charge pump, first ball valve, second ball valve, airtight eliminator, vibrosieve, slurry tank, coarse adjustment flow control system and fine adjustment flow control system.The import of slush pump has pipeline to be connected to slurry tank, and the mud delivery side of pump has pipeline to be connected to drilling rod, is communicated with the outlet line of backpressure pump and the suction line of coarse adjustment flow control system through bore hole annulus to swivel control head place by drill bit in the drilling rod bottom; Backpressure pump is connected with charge pump, and the import of charge pump has pipeline to connect slurry tank, and the outlet line of backpressure pump is connected in series the first automatic control flap type and is connected on the inlet line of coarse adjustment flow control system; The inlet line of fine adjustment flow control system is connected with the outlet line of coarse adjustment flow control system; The outlet line of fine adjustment flow control system has two branches: it connects airtight separator inlet once first ball valve branch, and one of airtight separator outlet is connected to the gas combustion mouth, and another is connected to vibrosieve, is connected to slurry tank by vibrosieve again; It two is connected to vibrosieve through second ball valve branch, is connected to slurry tank by vibrosieve again.
The import of coarse adjustment flow control system has pipeline to connect the well head swivel control head; The coarse adjustment flow control system is composed in parallel by 4～20 coarse adjustment circulation roads and a direct current channel, the coarse adjustment circulation road is composed in series by identical the 3rd an automatic control flap type throttling short circuit identical with, and direct current channel connects second an automatic control flap type; The entrance point of coarse adjustment flow control system fixedly has first pressure gauge, and the port of export fixedly has second pressure gauge.
The fine adjustment flow control system is connected on after the coarse adjustment flow control system; The fine adjustment flow control system, composed in parallel by two fine adjustment circulation roads and a direct current channel, article two, the fine setting passage that dams is composed in series by identical four selfs control flap type, the 6th automatic control flap type and the first automatic control choke valve, the second automatic control choke valve respectively, and direct current channel connects the 5th an automatic control flap type.The port of export at the fine adjustment flow control system fixedly has the 3rd pressure gauge.
Combined multi-stage pressure control method: be divided under the slush pump normal running conditions and quit work control method under the condition of slush pump.
Under the slush pump normal running conditions, slush pump sucks drilling fluid by slurry tank, pumps into the shaft bottom then, upwards returns to ground through bore hole annulus, intercepted by swivel control head, and commutation enters the combined multi-stage control pressurer system.At first enter the coarse adjustment flow control system, by selecting several coarse adjustment circulation road parallel connections, can control the chock pressure difference scope of coarse adjustment front and back, if coarse adjustment circulation road in parallel is more many, then the pressure reduction before and after the throttling of coarse adjustment flow control system is more little, so want to obtain high chock pressure difference, can only select throttling passage seldom.Each throttling short circuit all is the same structure, and under certain flow, the chock pressure difference control range is fixed in the suitable scope, is convenient to free combination in parallel, estimation chock pressure difference roughly.If a certain the 3rd automatic control flap type or throttling short circuit lost efficacy, can switch to other throttling passage rapidly, enable the direct current channel shunting if flow is excessive, can open the second automatic flap type.The coarse adjustment circulation road has certain redundancy and is convenient to online replacing, can guarantee the continuous operation of coarse adjustment flow control system.In former and later two four-way positions of coarse adjustment flow control system first pressure gauge and second pressure gauge have been installed, the pressure of measuring coarse adjustment current control front and back in real time changes, and be sent to central control system, judge through central control system, adjust the number of coarse adjustment circulation road in parallel according to the needs of bottom pressure control.Generally speaking, through coarse adjustment flow control system throttling control, bottom pressure can remain on the control claimed range substantially, drilling fluid is without the throttling passage of fine adjustment flow control system at this moment, and directly open the 5th automatic control flap type, flow to vibrosieve by direct current channel through second ball valve, return mud at last and irritate.Above flow process is applicable to the pressure control of ground systemic circulation.If bottom pressure does not reach the control claimed range, then need further throttling, suitable flow according to choke valve, can select is only to carry out throttling through the first automatic control choke valve or the second automatic control choke valve, still parallel connection direct corridor diversion drilling fluid makes choke valve carry out choke pressure control under suitable pressure reduction and flow condition.Four-way after the fine adjustment flow control system is installed the 3rd pressure gauge.Just can draw the pressure reduction of fine setting throttling by second pressure gauge and the 3rd manometric difference of reading, by the control of central control system adjustment fine adjustment flow control system, the bottom pressure that can obtain to set.If drilling fluid gassiness, drilling fluid need to enter airtight eliminator from the fine adjustment flow control system through first ball valve and isolate gas by port discharge burning, liquid returns mud by vibrosieve and irritates.
Under slush pump quits work condition, start charge pump and backpressure pump, irritate the suction drilling fluid from mud, open the first automatic control flap type, be connected with the coarse adjustment flow control system, by closing some coarse adjustment circulation roads chock pressure difference improved rapidly, well head pressure also raises with the person, remedy because drilling fluid stops to circulate causing circulating and press consume to lose, the maintenance bottom pressure is constant.If coarse adjustment throttling precision is not enough, can further finely tune the first automatic control choke valve or the second automatic control choke valve, make bottom pressure keep constant.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: combined multi-stage pressure control method of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, coarse adjustment flow control system and fine adjustment flow control system series connection, step-down step by step, the critical element of coarse adjustment flow control system is the throttling short circuit, wear-resistant, acid and alkali-resistance, shock resistance effectively reduce infringement and the Problem of Failure of automatic control choke valve in the fine adjustment flow control system, increase the service life, and improve choke pressure and pressure control safety, therefore can select to use homemade automatic control choke valve to carry out the controlled pressure drilling well, reduce the whole cost of control pressurer system;
2, the throttling short circuit is tested by indoor test, the chock pressure difference control range is fixing within the specific limits, by selecting the parallel connection of some throttling short circuits, can obtain different chock pressure differences, throttling short circuit in parallel is more many, chock pressure difference is more low, and the coarse adjustment system can satisfy the requirement of controlled pressure drilling well substantially, and the automatic control choke valve does not generally need work under low wellhead back pressure situation;
3, the throttling short circuit is through particular design and manufacturing, and is simple in structure, low price and be convenient to online replacing;
4, coarse adjustment and micro-tensioning system all are provided with direct current channel, by the various combination with throttling short circuit group and automatic control choke valve can effectively solve big flow, big pressure reduction and a large amount of landwaste by the time choke pressure control, expanded the control range of control pressurer system greatly;
5, micro-tensioning system is after the coarse adjustment system, the micro-tensioning system chock pressure difference is less, and the automatic control choke valve of micro-tensioning system can be in parallel with direct current channel, the throttling flow reduces, can make the automatic control choke valve under suitable pressure reduction and flow rate condition, carry out choke pressure control, pressure control difficulty is reduced, and precision improves;
6, novel combination type multi-stage pressure control method and device can be applicable to ground systemic circulation drilling technology, and handover operation is simple, reduce the well site pipe laying, thin device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is combined multi-stage pressure control device throttle control system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that choke pressure of the present invention changes schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that aperture K and the flow Q of automatic control choke valve of the present invention concerns schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the aperture K of automatic control choke valve of the present invention and the pressure differential deltap P before and after the throttling concern schematic diagram.
Among the figure, 1. slush pump, 2. swivel control head, 3. the first automatic control flap type, 4. backpressure pump, 5. charge pump, 6. first pressure gauge, the 7. second automatic control flap type, 8. the 3rd automatic control flap type, 9. throttling short circuit, 10. second pressure gauge, 11. four selfs control flap types, 12. the 5th automatic control flap types, 13. the 6th automatic control flap type, 14. the first automatic control choke valve, 15. second automatic control choke valves, 16. the 3rd pressure gauges, 17. first ball valve, 18. second ball valve, 19. airtight eliminators, 20. vibrosieves, 21. slurry tank, 22. ports.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: be example with a combined multi-stage pressure control device and control method, the present invention is described in further detail.
Consult Fig. 1.The combined multi-stage pressure control device mainly is made up of slush pump 1, swivel control head 2, the first automatic control flap type 3, backpressure pump 4, charge pump 5, first ball valve 17, second ball valve 18, airtight eliminator 19, vibrosieve 20, slurry tank 21, coarse adjustment flow control system 1001 and fine adjustment flow control system 1002.The movable sealing pressure 14MPa of swivel control head 2, static seal pressure 35MPa; Backpressure pump 4 can be selected 160 pumps for use, rated operating pressure: 35MPa, discharge capacity: 8L/s; Airtight eliminator 19 liquid handling amount: 200m
3/ h, gas treatment amount: 20000m
3/ h, operating pressure: 1.5MPa.
The import of slush pump 1 has pipeline to be connected to slurry tank 21, the outlet of slush pump 1 has pipeline to be connected to drilling rod, is communicated with the outlet line of backpressure pump 4 and the suction line of coarse adjustment flow control system 1001 through bore hole annulus to swivel control head 2 places by drill bit in the drilling rod bottom; Backpressure pump 4 is connected with charge pump 5, and the import of charge pump 5 has pipeline to connect slurry tank 21, and the outlet line of backpressure pump 4 is connected in series the first automatic control flap type 3 and is connected on the inlet line of coarse adjustment flow control system 1001; The inlet line of fine adjustment flow control system 1002 is connected with the outlet line of coarse adjustment flow control system 1001; The outlet line of fine adjustment flow control system 1002 has two branches: 1) branch connects airtight eliminator 19 entrances once first ball valve 17, airtight eliminator 19 one of outlet are connected to gas combustion 22, another is connected to vibrosieve 20, is connected to slurry tank 21 by vibrosieve 20 again; 2) branch two is connected to vibrosieve 20 through second ball valve 18, is connected to slurry tank 21 by vibrosieve 20 again.
The import of coarse adjustment flow control system 1001 has pipeline to connect well head swivel control head 2; Coarse adjustment flow control system 1001 is composed in parallel by six coarse adjustment circulation roads and a direct current channel, the coarse adjustment circulation road is composed in series by identical the 3rd automatic control flap type 8 a throttling short circuit 9 identical with, and direct current channel connects second an automatic control flap type 7; The entrance point of coarse adjustment flow control system 1001 fixedly has first pressure gauge 6, and the port of export fixedly has second pressure gauge 10.
Fine adjustment flow control system 1002 is connected on after the coarse adjustment flow control system 1001; Fine adjustment flow control system 1002, composed in parallel by two fine adjustment circulation roads and a direct current channel, article two, the fine setting passage that dams is composed in series by identical four selfs control flap type 11, the 6th automatic control flap type 13 and the first automatic control choke valve 14, the second automatic control choke valve 15 respectively, and direct current channel connects the 5th an automatic control flap type 12.The port of export at fine adjustment flow control system 1002 fixedly has the 3rd pressure gauge 16.
Consult Fig. 1.Combined multi-stage pressure control method of the present invention: be divided under slush pump 1 normal running conditions and quit work control method under the condition of slush pump 1.
Under slush pump 1 normal running conditions, slush pump 1 sucks drilling fluid by slurry tank 21, pumps into the shaft bottom then, upwards returns to ground through bore hole annulus, intercepted by swivel control head 2, and commutation enters the combined multi-stage control pressurer system.At first enter coarse adjustment flow control system 1001, by selecting several coarse adjustment circulation road parallel connections, can control the chock pressure difference scope of coarse adjustment front and back, obviously coarse adjustment circulation road in parallel is more many, pressure reduction before and after the throttling of coarse adjustment flow control system is more little, so want to obtain high chock pressure difference, can only select throttling passage seldom.Each throttling short circuit 9 all is the same structure, and under certain flow, the chock pressure difference control range is fixed in the suitable scope, is convenient to free combination in parallel, estimation chock pressure difference roughly.If a certain the 3rd automatic control flap type 8 or throttling short circuit 9 lost efficacy, can switch to other throttling passage rapidly, if flow excessive, open the second automatic flap type 7 and enable direct current channel shunting.The coarse adjustment circulation road has certain redundancy and is convenient to online replacing, can guarantee the continuous operation of coarse adjustment flow control system 1001.In coarse adjustment flow control system 1001 former and later two four-way positions first pressure gauge 6 and second pressure gauge 10 have been installed, the pressure of measuring coarse adjustment current control front and back in real time changes, and be sent to central control system, judge through central control system, adjust the number of coarse adjustment circulation road in parallel according to the needs of bottom pressure control.
As shown in Figure 2, annular space outlet drilling liquid pressure is Ps, at the about 1-4MPa of slush pump 1 normal running conditions Ps of following time, Ps reaches as high as 14MPa under the condition if slush pump 1 quits work, through coarse adjustment flow control system 1001, stroke L1 distance, drilling liquid pressure is reduced to P1, approximately reach 0.1-3MPa, thick level chock pressure difference (Ps-P1), the L2 distance of passing through fine adjustment flow control system 1002 then, drilling liquid pressure is reduced to P2, scope is 0.1-1.5MPa, and P2 is the atmospheric pressure that enters the pressure of airtight eliminator 19 or directly flow to vibrosieve 20, and the fine adjustment drift angle is (P1-P2).Thick level chock pressure difference (Ps-P1) and fine adjustment drift angle are the pressure controling parameters of two keys for (P1-P2), have determined the control mode of thick level throttle control system and fine adjustment flow control system.
Generally speaking, through coarse adjustment flow control system throttling control, bottom pressure can remain on the control claimed range substantially, drilling fluid is without the throttling passage of fine adjustment flow control system 1002 at this moment, and directly open the 5th automatic control flap type 12, flow to vibrosieve 20 by direct current channel through second ball valve 18, return mud at last and irritate 21.Above flow process is applicable to the pressure control of ground systemic circulation.If bottom pressure does not reach the control claimed range, then need further throttling, according to the suitable flow of choke valve, select only to carry out throttling through the first automatic control choke valve 14, make choke valve under suitable pressure reduction and flow condition, carry out choke pressure control.Four-way after fine adjustment flow control system 1002 is installed the 3rd pressure gauge 16.Just can draw the pressure reduction of fine setting throttling by the difference of reading of second pressure gauge 10 and the 3rd pressure gauge 16, the control by central control system adjustment fine adjustment flow control system 1002 obtains the bottom pressure of setting.
As shown in Figure 3, the relation of the aperture K of automatic control choke valve and flow Q, at a certain aperture interval [K1, K2], aperture K and the flow of automatic control choke valve are linear as can be seen, and throttling control this moment relation is simple, and control is relatively easy and safety also.
As shown in Figure 4, the relation of the pressure differential deltap P before and after the aperture K of automatic control choke valve and the throttling, as can be seen at a certain aperture [K3, K4], the aperture K of automatic control choke valve changes with the pressure differential deltap P variation of throttling front and back clear, and choke pressure control is simple; And in aperture during less than K3, it is violent that aperture K and pressure differential deltap P change, and choke pressure is difficult for accurately control; Aperture is during greater than K4, and aperture K becomes a horizon substantially with pressure differential deltap P, and aperture can not be carried out choke pressure control to pressure differential deltap P not influence substantially.
If drilling fluid gassiness, drilling fluid need to enter airtight eliminator 19 from fine adjustment flow control system 1002 through first ball valve 17 and isolate gas by port 22 discharge burnings, liquid returns mud by vibrosieve 20 and irritates 21.
Under slush pump 1 quits work condition, start charge pump 5 and backpressure pump 4, irritate 1 from mud and suck drilling fluid, open the first automatic control flap type 3, be connected with coarse adjustment flow control system 1001, by closing some coarse adjustment circulation roads chock pressure difference improved rapidly, well head pressure also raises with the person, remedy because drilling fluid stops to circulate causing circulating and press consume to lose, the maintenance bottom pressure is constant.If coarse adjustment throttling precision is not enough, further finely tune the first automatic control choke valve 14, make bottom pressure keep constant.
Swivel control head, automatic control flap type, backpressure pump, charge pump, throttling short circuit, automatic control choke valve, ball valve, airtight eliminator and vibrosieve all are existing products, and city's field energy is purchased.
Claims (4)
1. a combined multi-stage pressure control device mainly is made up of slush pump (1), swivel control head (2), the first automatic control flap type (3), backpressure pump (4), charge pump (5), first ball valve (17), second ball valve (18), airtight eliminator (19), vibrosieve (20), slurry tank (21), coarse adjustment flow control system (1001) and fine adjustment flow control system (1002); It is characterized in that: the import of slush pump (1) has pipeline to be connected to slurry tank (21), the outlet of slush pump (1) has pipeline to be connected to drilling rod, is located to communicate with the outlet line of backpressure pump (4) and the suction line of coarse adjustment flow control system (1001) through bore hole annulus to swivel control head (2) by drill bit in the drilling rod bottom; Backpressure pump (4) is connected with charge pump (5), and the import of charge pump (5) has pipeline to connect slurry tank (21), and the outlet line of backpressure pump (4) is connected in series the first automatic control flap type (3) and is connected on the inlet line of coarse adjustment flow control system (1001); The inlet line of fine adjustment flow control system (1002) is connected with the outlet line of coarse adjustment flow control system (1001); The outlet line of fine adjustment flow control system (1002) has two branches: it connects airtight eliminator (19) entrance once first ball valve (17) branch, one of airtight eliminator (19) outlet is connected to gas combustion mouth (22), another is connected to vibrosieve (20), is connected to slurry tank (21) by vibrosieve (20) again; It two is connected to vibrosieve (20) through second ball valve (18) branch, is connected to slurry tank (21) by vibrosieve (20) again.
2. combined multi-stage pressure control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the import of coarse adjustment flow control system (1001) has pipeline to connect well head swivel control head (2); Coarse adjustment flow control system (1001) is composed in parallel by 4～20 coarse adjustment circulation roads and a direct current channel, the coarse adjustment circulation road is composed in series by identical the 3rd automatic control flap type (a 8) throttling short circuit (9) identical with, and direct current channel connects second an automatic control flap type (7); The entrance point of coarse adjustment flow control system (1001) fixedly has first pressure gauge (6), and the port of export fixedly has second pressure gauge (10).
3. combined multi-stage pressure control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: fine adjustment flow control system (1002) is connected on coarse adjustment flow control system (1001) afterwards; Fine adjustment flow control system (1002), composed in parallel by two fine adjustment circulation roads and a direct current channel, article two, the fine setting passage that dams is composed in series by identical four selfs control flap type (11), the 6th automatic control flap type (13) and the first automatic control choke valve (14), the second automatic control choke valve (15) respectively, direct current channel connects the 5th an automatic control flap type (12), at the port of export of fine adjustment flow control system (1002) the 3rd pressure gauge (16) is arranged fixedly.
4. combined multi-stage pressure control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt this device to carry out the down-hole combined multi-stage pressure control method to be: be divided under slush pump (1) normal running conditions and quit work control method under the condition of slush pump (1);
Under slush pump (1) normal running conditions, slush pump (1) sucks drilling fluid by slurry tank (21), pumps into the shaft bottom then, upwards returns to ground through bore hole annulus, intercepted by swivel control head (2), and commutation enters the combined multi-stage control pressurer system; At first enter coarse adjustment flow control system (1001), by selecting several coarse adjustment circulation road parallel connections, control the chock pressure difference scope of coarse adjustment front and back, if coarse adjustment circulation road in parallel is more many, then the pressure reduction before and after the throttling of coarse adjustment flow control system is more little; A certain the 3rd automatic control flap type (8) or throttling short circuit (9) lost efficacy, switch to other throttling passage rapidly, if flow is excessive, open the second automatic flap type (7) and enable the direct current channel shunting, the coarse adjustment circulation road has certain redundancy and is convenient to online replacing, guarantee the continuous operation of coarse adjustment flow control system (1001), in former and later two four-way positions of coarse adjustment flow control system (1001) first pressure gauge (6) and second pressure gauge (10) have been installed, the pressure of measuring coarse adjustment current control front and back in real time changes, and be sent to central control system, judge through central control system, adjust the number of coarse adjustment circulation road in parallel according to the needs of bottom pressure control, generally speaking, through coarse adjustment flow control system throttling control, bottom pressure remains on the control claimed range substantially, drilling fluid is without the throttling passage of fine adjustment flow control system (1002) at this moment, and directly open the 5th automatic control flap type (12), flow to vibrosieve (20) by direct current channel through second ball valve (18), return mud at last and irritate (21), above flow process is applicable to the pressure control of ground systemic circulation, if bottom pressure does not reach the control claimed range, then need further throttling, suitable flow according to choke valve, selection is only to carry out throttling through the first automatic control choke valve (14) or the second automatic control choke valve (15), or parallel connection direct corridor diversion drilling fluid, make choke valve under suitable pressure reduction and flow condition, carry out choke pressure control, at fine adjustment flow control system (1002) four-way afterwards the 3rd pressure gauge (16) is installed, drawn the pressure reduction of fine setting throttling by the difference of reading of second pressure gauge (10) and the 3rd pressure gauge (16), by the control of central control system adjustment fine adjustment flow control system (1002), obtain the bottom pressure of setting; If drilling fluid gassiness, drilling fluid need to enter airtight eliminator (19) from fine adjustment flow control system (1002) through first ball valve (17) and isolate gas by port (22) discharge burning, liquid returns mud by vibrosieve (20) and irritates (21);
Under slush pump (1) quits work condition, start charge pump (5) and backpressure pump (4), irritate (1) from mud and suck drilling fluid, open the first automatic control flap type (3), be connected with coarse adjustment flow control system (1001), by closing some coarse adjustment circulation roads chock pressure difference improved rapidly, well head pressure also raises with the person, remedy because drilling fluid stops to circulate causing circulating and press consume to lose, the maintenance bottom pressure is constant; If coarse adjustment throttling precision is not enough, further finely tune the first automatic control choke valve (14) or the second automatic control choke valve (15), make bottom pressure keep constant.
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| CN201460863U (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2010-05-12 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Managed pressure drilling system |
| CN201778801U (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2011-03-30 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Combined multi-level pressure control device |
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| CN101892824A (en) | 2010-11-24 |
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