CN101891160B - Method for directly preparing sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid from plaster - Google Patents
Method for directly preparing sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid from plaster Download PDFInfo
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- CN101891160B CN101891160B CN2010102043183A CN201010204318A CN101891160B CN 101891160 B CN101891160 B CN 101891160B CN 2010102043183 A CN2010102043183 A CN 2010102043183A CN 201010204318 A CN201010204318 A CN 201010204318A CN 101891160 B CN101891160 B CN 101891160B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for directly preparing sulfur trioxide and a sulfuric acid from plaster. The method is characterized in that: the sulfur trioxide is directly displaced from the plaster with silicon dioxide by using thermal activation or photon activation assisted by catalytic activation and suppressing reducing atmosphere, and the sulfur trioxide serving as a reaction product is timely removed, wherein an elementary equation is that the sulfuric acid product can be prepared from the extracted sulfur trioxide serving as the reaction product by conventional mature known acid making technology. As the sulfur trioxide and the sulfuric acid are directly prepared from the plaster, the method is energy-saving, environment-friendly and effective; and as the sulfur resource in theplaster is utilized to produce basic chemical raw materials, namely the sulfur trioxide and the sulfuric acid, the method has the advantage of completely changing the energy-consuming and contaminative conventional out-dated process method in which sulfur dioxide is necessarily first prepared and then converted into sulfur trioxide by high temperature catalytic oxidation during the preparation of the sulfuric acid.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the acid preparation method of chemical field, be specifically related to a kind of sulphur trioxide and vitriolic method from gypsum, directly produced.
Background technology:
Sulphur trioxide and sulfuric acid are important basic chemical industry raw materials.Existing process for preparing sulfuric acid method is to take to burn sulphur or roasted pyrite is produced sulfurous gas or decompose gypsum and produce sulfurous gas under reducing atmosphere, be sulphur trioxide with sulfurous gas oxidation conversion under the catalyst hot conditions again, thereby produce sulfuric acid or sulphur trioxide.Existing processes complexity, investment are greatly, energy consumption is high, running cost is high, and especially environmental pollution is big.And the current experiments chamber is produced sulfur trioxide method and generally adopted the pyrosulphate thermolysis process, and is wayward, is difficult to produce in batches.
Current, natural sulphur and pyrite resource are deficient day by day, and plaster of paris storage capacity is big, industrial waste gypsum pile up like a mountain especially contaminate environment.The molecular formula CaSO of gypsum
4, i.e. a CaO and a SO
3Combination, under laboratory condition, can allow stable sulphur trioxide and stable calcium oxide chemical combination directly generate calcium sulfate; The production of industrial on the other hand Dinas brickes and calcium silicate board with microporous is to generate Calucium Silicate powder with levigated silica sand and liming thermal synthesis; Thermomechanical analysis and laboratory proof Calucium Silicate powder are more stable than calcium sulfate; But next calcium sulfate, Calucium Silicate powder, calcium oxide, sulphur trioxide, sulfuric acid, silicon-dioxide is stable existence all.This enlightens us can directly extract sulphur trioxide in the gypsum with method more direct, simpler, more energy-conservation, more environmental protection fully, and key is the technological method that needs exploitation to make new advances.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, and provide a kind of sulphur trioxide and vitriolic method directly from gypsum, produced, effectively utilize to energy-conserving and environment-protective sulphur resource in the gypsum, produce basic chemical industry raw material sulphur trioxide and sulfuric acid, thoroughly change system sulfuric acid and must produce sulfurous gas earlier, high temperature catalyst oxidation conversion is the traditional processing method that falls behind of power consumption pollution of sulphur trioxide again.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: this sulphur trioxide and the vitriolic method directly produced from gypsum, adopt thermal activation or photon to activate, be aided with simultaneously catalytic activation, and inhibition reducing atmosphere, direct replace sulphur trioxide in the gypsum with silicon-dioxide, in time remove the reaction product sulphur trioxide; Fundamental equation is:
The reaction product sulphur trioxide that extracts can be produced sulfuric acid product by existing sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technology.
Concrete grammar comprises a kind of in the following route:
Route one: adopt 350 ℃～720 ℃ boiler overheating steams, directly even composite powder or the block to gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator carries out the medium heat activation, utilize the characteristic that sulphur trioxide, sulfuric acid, water and steam more than 340 ℃ can the balance coexistence, replacement extraction goes out the sulphur trioxide in the gypsum continuously; Sulphur trioxide that continuous replacement extraction goes out and sulfuric acid are by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Solids composition after the extraction is mainly rankinite, can be as building materials raw materials for production or product.
Route two: adopt electric furnace or induction furnace, the electric heating temperature is 500 ℃～1300 ℃ scopes, and the even composite powder or the block of thermal activation gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, continuous negative pressure are extracted product sulphur trioxide steam out; The sulphur trioxide steam of extracting out is produced sulphur trioxide product and sulfuric acid product by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Solids major ingredient after the extraction is a rankinite, can be as building materials raw material or product.
Route three: adopt microwave oven, microwave heating is 300 ℃～1300 ℃ scopes, and the even composite powder or the block of microwave activation gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, continuous negative pressure are extracted product sulphur trioxide steam out; The sulphur trioxide of extracting out is produced sulphur trioxide product and sulfuric acid product by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Solids major ingredient after the extraction is a rankinite, can be used for building materials raw materials for production or product.
Route four: adopt fuel coal dust, fuel oil or fuel gas buring heat supply, the even composite powder or the block of thermal activation gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, go out product sulphur trioxide steam 700 ℃～1350 ℃ scope thermal activation replacement extractions, the gas that contains the product sulphur trioxide is produced sulphur trioxide product and sulfuric acid product by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Solids main component after the extraction is a rankinite.
Above-mentioned fuel combustion heat supply activation route, must control the abundant oxidizing fire of fuel, occur under the condition of reducing atmosphere at anti-locking system, can use existing gypsum system vitriolic multistage cyclone preheater rotary kiln technology and multistage cyclone preheater fluidizing furnace technology etc., save the sulfurous gas catalyst and transform the reception operation.And in can the solid state powder after displacing sulphur trioxide, replenish into component such as calcium oxide, utilize the high temperature section flame of fuel combustion can burn out cement clinker with suitable method.Also can adopt Industrial Stoves such as annular kiln or tunnel furnace, the even composite powder or the block of thermal activation gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, thermal activation replacement extraction sulphur trioxide also obtains Si-Ca brick or calcium silicate board with microporous goods simultaneously in 700 ℃～1350 ℃ scopes.
Route five: adopt the composite heat power supply activation, utilize fuel combustion heat supply preheating reactant earlier, send into activation of superheated vapour thermal medium or microwave activation or plasma heating furnace even composite powder or block activation replacement extraction sulphur trioxide again gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator.
Catalyst activator described in the technique scheme, be the M in the reaction formula, be in the basic metal one or more, and/or in the alkaline-earth metal one or more, and/or in metal oxide such as iron, nickel, cobalt, vanadium, cerium, lanthanum, caesium or oxyhydroxide or the salt one or more, as a kind of or several combinations in potassium oxide, potassium hydroxide, vitriolate of tartar, cesium sulfate, ferric oxide, the Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES etc., its function is activation energy, the raising positive reaction speed that reduction calcium sulfate and silicon-dioxide participate in this reaction, and suppresses the generation of sulfurous gas by product.A in the primitive reaction equation, b index word 1 or 2 or 3, M refer to the catalyst activator mixture selected for use.
The even composite powder or the block of the gypsum described in the technique scheme, silicon-dioxide, catalyst activator, refer to by raw material composition and the previously prepared in proportion reactant of operational path method requirement, institute is in proportion: mass percent is gypsum 30%～75%, silicon-dioxide 20%～69%, catalyst activator 0.1%～5.0%, in proportion after the batching, grinding to 200 mesh screen residue is less than 20% powder together, or separately grinding to 200 mesh screen residue less than the uniform reactant powders of 20% remix.Block refers to be added with the block or tabular reactant of spherical or strip that 1～5% plasticizing binding agent wilkinite plasticizing is made in reactant.Make bulk or plate object usually except that considering the Reaktionsofen processing parameter, after more considering to extract sulphur trioxide, directly obtain Si-Ca brick or calcium silicate board with microporous as building material product.
Gypsum described in the technique scheme refers to that dihydrate gypsum in the plaster of paris or the desulfurated plaster in anhydrite and the industrial waste gypsum or phosphogypsum, fluorgypsum, lemon gypsum and other sulphur trioxide grade are greater than 40% waste gypsum.Carbon in the plaster of paris and the industrial waste gypsum and other organism total content should be less than 1%, otherwise should first roasting remove wherein carbon and other organic impurities.Can adopt dihydrate gypsum or dehydrated gyp-for the used gypsum of superheated vapour medium activation method; Adopting dehydrated gyp-for the used gypsum of other thermal activation or photon activation method is anhydrite, then should slough crystal water earlier and is converted into dehydrated gyp-if raw material is natural dihydrate gypsum or industrial waste gypsum.
Silicon-dioxide described in the technique scheme refers to that the chimney ash that silica sand, silica, high tripoli or the industrial furnace of nature existence refine in silicon metal or the ferrosilicon production is the silicon ash, also can select for use cullet to substitute.Technology requires carbon and organic total content less than 1% in using.Silica sand, silica, high tripoli, cullet answer grinding to 200 mesh screen residue less than 20%, the fineness of silicon ash can reach 1200 orders usually, generally do not need grinding, the silicon ash has high specific surface area and reactive behavior, can be less when adopting silicon ash batching with or without catalyst activator.
The present invention focus on chemical reaction the thermodynamics and kinetics condition deliberate repeatedly and a large amount of tests is solved, thoroughly broken through the idea and method constraint of traditional process for preparing sulfuric acid, abandoned industrial system sulfuric acid produce earlier sulfurous gas again catalyst be converted into the traditional technology method of sulphur trioxide, take the activation displacement to suppress the reductive method, changed the course of reaction, the sulphur trioxide in the gypsum is extracted in direct replacement, has the significant advantage of direct, simple, energy-conservation, economy and environmental protection.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: 350 ℃ or 452 ℃ of vapor pressure 4.0MPa, vapor temperatures are adopted in the laboratory, and raw material is selected natural dihydrate gypsum and silicon ash for use, and catalyst activator is selected nickelous nitrate, vitriolate of tartar and ferric oxide etc. for use.The grinding together of earlier dihydrate gypsum and silicon ash and 69.5%: 30.4%: 0.1% by mass percentage ratio of catalyst activator or 75%: 20%: 5% ratio being prepared burden obtains the powder of 200 mesh screen residues 9.1%, adopts the steam medium activation to extract sulfuric acid then.Analyze the stable extracting solution sulfuric acid content 17.3%, 17.6% in stage casing, sulfurous acid does not detect.Solids residue chemical analysis sulphur trioxide 0.3%, 2.7% after the extraction, the diffraction analysis essential mineral is a calcium silicate hydrate.
Embodiment 2: small-scale test, adopt 720 ℃ of super critical boiler reheat steam temperatures, pressure 28.6MPa, raw material is selected desulfurated plaster and silica sand for use, catalyst activator potassium hydroxide and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, cesium sulfate etc., be dehydrated gyp-with the dry roasting of desulfurated plaster earlier, the powder of grinding to 200 mesh screen residue 8.7% together of then gypsum, silica sand, catalyst activator being prepared burden in 30%: 69%: 1% by mass percentage adopts the steam medium activation to extract sulfuric acid then.Analyze and stablize extracting solution sulfuric acid content 21.7%, sulfurous acid does not detect.Solids residue chemical analysis sulfur trioxide content 1.8% after the extraction, the diffraction analysis essential mineral is a rankinite.
Embodiment 3: electric furnace is adopted in the laboratory, and temperature control is 500 ℃～780 ℃ or 780 ℃～1300 ℃ activation, and raw material is selected natural anhydrite and silica for use, and catalyst activator is selected salt of wormwood, cerium dioxide, ferric oxide and/or vitriolate of tartar for use.Earlier with grinding to 200 mesh screen residue 3.4% together after 65%: 34%: 1% by mass percentage batching of anhydrite, silica, catalyst activator, under the electric heating activation, aspirate is got the semi-solid state thing after 28 ℃ of left and right sides condensations then, analyzing composition is sulphur trioxide 98.7%, solid residue chemical analysis sulphur trioxide after the extraction contains 3.3%, and the diffraction analysis major ingredient is a rankinite.
Embodiment 4: microwave activation, 300 ℃～580 ℃ or 580 ℃～1300 ℃ of temperature controls are adopted in the laboratory.Raw material is selected natural anhydrite and silica sand for use, and catalyst activator is selected potassium hydroxide, vitriolate of tartar, cerium dioxide and/or cesium sulfate etc. for use.Earlier with grinding to 200 mesh screen residue 4.7% together after 63%: 33%: 4% by mass percentage batching of anhydrite, silica sand, catalyst activator, then under microwave activation with aspirate 30 ℃ of left and right sides condensations, get fibrid attitude solids, about 62 ℃ of condensation solids fusing point, analyzing composition is sulphur trioxide 99.1%, solid residue chemical analysis sulphur trioxide after the extraction contains 1.3%, and the diffraction analysis major ingredient is a rankinite.
Embodiment 5: the laboratory tunnel furnace adopts oxygen enrichment fuel oil heat supply activation, 700 ℃～850 ℃ or 850 ℃～1350 ℃ of temperature controls.Raw material is selected fluorgypsum and silica sand for use, catalyst activator is selected potassium oxide for use, cerium dioxide, sal epsom, cesium sulfate etc., earlier fluorgypsum is taken off most water 300 ℃ of oven dry, with fluorgypsum, silica sand, 62%: 33%: 5% by mass percentage batching of catalyst activator, grinding to 200 mesh screen residue 6.3% together, add again and be pressed into strip and block after 3.5% wilkinite mixes, pile up on the tunnel furnace dolly, adopt industrial oxygen oxygen-rich combustion heat supplying behind the reinforced seal, the negative pressure-pumping flue gas is through cooling, acid absorbs to be handled, and analyzing and testing is calculated sulphur trioxide replacement extraction rate 96.7% in the gypsum; The stick body is intact after the replacement extraction, dimensional contraction 9.3%, and ultimate compression strength 19.5MPa, folding strength 4.3MPa, chemical analysis stick sulfur trioxide content 1.5%, diffraction analysis essential mineral are rankinite.
Claims (3)
1. directly from gypsum, produce sulphur trioxide and vitriolic method for one kind, it is characterized in that adopting thermal activation or photon to activate, be aided with simultaneously catalytic activation, and the inhibition reducing atmosphere, direct replace sulphur trioxide in the gypsum with silicon-dioxide, in time remove the reaction product sulphur trioxide; Fundamental equation is:
The reaction product sulphur trioxide that extracts can be produced sulfuric acid product by existing sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technology; M in the above-mentioned reaction formula, i.e. catalyst activator is in the basic metal one or more, and/or in the alkaline-earth metal one or more, and/or in iron, nickel, cobalt, vanadium, cerium, lanthanum, caesium metal oxide or oxyhydroxide or the salt one or more; A in the above-mentioned primitive reaction equation, b index word 1 or 2 or 3; Above-mentioned sulphur trioxide and the vitriolic method directly produced from gypsum, its concrete grammar are a kind of in the following route:
Route one: adopt 350 ℃～720 ℃ boiler overheating steams, directly even composite powder or the block to gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator carries out the medium heat activation, utilize the characteristic that sulphur trioxide, sulfuric acid, water and steam more than 340 ℃ can the balance coexistence, replacement extraction goes out the sulphur trioxide in the gypsum continuously; Sulphur trioxide that continuous replacement extraction goes out and sulfuric acid are by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Solids composition after the extraction is mainly rankinite, can be as building materials raw materials for production or product;
Route two: adopt electric furnace or induction furnace, the electric heating temperature is 500 ℃～1300 ℃ scopes, and the even composite powder or the block of thermal activation gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, continuous negative pressure are extracted product sulphur trioxide steam out; The sulphur trioxide steam of extracting out is produced sulphur trioxide product and sulfuric acid product by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Solids major ingredient after the extraction is a rankinite, can be as building materials raw material or product;
Route three: adopt microwave oven, microwave heating is 300 ℃～1300 ℃ scopes, and the even composite powder or the block of microwave activation gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, continuous negative pressure are extracted product sulphur trioxide steam out; The sulphur trioxide of extracting out is produced sulphur trioxide product and sulfuric acid product by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Solids major ingredient after the extraction is that rankinite can be used for building materials raw materials for production or product;
Route four: adopt fuel coal dust, fuel oil or fuel gas buring heat supply, the even composite powder or the block of thermal activation gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, go out product sulphur trioxide steam 700 ℃～1350 ℃ scope thermal activation replacement extractions, the gas that contains the product sulphur trioxide is produced sulphur trioxide product and sulfuric acid product by sophisticated known relieving haperacidity technical finesse; Cured article main component after the extraction is a rankinite;
Route five: adopt the composite heat power supply activation, utilize fuel combustion heat supply preheating reactant earlier, send into activation of superheated vapour thermal medium or microwave activation or plasma heating furnace even composite powder or block activation replacement extraction sulphur trioxide again gypsum, silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator.
2. sulphur trioxide and the vitriolic method directly produced from gypsum according to claim 1 is characterized in that described catalyst activator is a kind of or several combinations in potassium oxide, potassium hydroxide, vitriolate of tartar, cesium sulfate, ferric oxide, the Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES.
3. sulphur trioxide and the vitriolic method directly from gypsum, produced according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described gypsum, the even composite powder or the block of silicon-dioxide and catalyst activator, refer to by raw material composition and the previously prepared in proportion reactant of operational path method requirement, institute is in proportion: mass percent is a gypsum 30%～75%, silicon-dioxide 20%～69%, catalyst activator 0.1%～5.0%, in proportion after the batching, grinding to 200 mesh screen residue is less than 20% powder together, or grinding to 200 mesh screen residue is less than the uniform reactant powders of 20% remix separately, and block refers to be added with the block reactant that 1～5% plasticizing binding agent wilkinite plasticizing is made in reactant.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8623319B2 (en) | 2010-07-05 | 2014-01-07 | Xiaolin Yin | Process for directly producing sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid using gypsum as raw material |
| CN102976285B (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-11-19 | 华南师范大学 | Method for preparing sulfuric acid from desulfurized gypsum in secondary lead smelting process as raw material |
| CN103508426B (en) * | 2013-01-03 | 2015-05-06 | 刘立文 | Equipment and process for producing sulfur trioxide by using gypsum |
| CN105272110B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-08-08 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of method that decomposing phosphogypsum prepares porous building-brick and sulfuric acid |
| CN105218063B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-07-11 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of method that decomposing phosphogypsum prepares lightweight Si-Ca brick and sulfuric acid |
| CN105272340B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-09-22 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of method that decomposing phosphogypsum prepares silico-calcium matter porous ceramic grain and sulfuric acid |
| CN111453702B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | 西南科技大学 | Method for recovering sulfur in industrial byproduct calcium sulfide slag by fixed bed |
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Assignee: CHANGSHA ZICHEN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Assignor: Yin Xiaolin Contract record no.: 2012430000098 Denomination of invention: Method for directly preparing sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid from plaster Granted publication date: 20111026 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20101124 Record date: 20120521 |
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Effective date of registration: 20161201 Address after: 410000 Hunan province Changsha Wenxuan High-tech Development Zone, Road No. 27 Lu Valley Yuyuan D District 3 building 101 floor, No. two Patentee after: CHANGSHA ZICHEN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 410013 C2 group, Binjiang hi tech Development Zone, Hunan, Changsha, five floor, Silicon Valley building Patentee before: Yin Xiaolin |