CN101882171B - Method for fast establishing interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models - Google Patents
Method for fast establishing interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for fast establishing interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models, which comprises the following steps: A. tunnel line position information base establishment: collecting tunnel line position information and establishing a line position information base; B. geological exploration base establishment: carrying out standardized processing on hole drilling data obtained through geological exploration; C. three-dimensional stratigraphical profile constraint information base establishment: collecting three-dimensional stratigraphical profile constraint information; D. three-dimensional stratigraphical boundary constraint information base establishment: collecting self defined model establishing boundary; E. real three-dimensional tunnel model establishment: precisely establishing a tunnel three-dimensional model according to the information of tunnel line positions, the tunnel hole body outer cross section and the inner cross section; F. real three-dimensional wall rock model establishment: establishing a wall rock model according to the hole drilling and stratigraphical information; and G. tunnel digging and profile real-time cutting display based on the wall rack model body unit. The model establishing efficiency and precision of the tunnel simulation and digitalized design can be improved, the real-time cutting display of the tunnel passing through the wall rock and any vertical profile can be realized, and the fast reestablishment of the model can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel and country rock phantom type three-dimensional visualization field; More specifically relate to a kind of interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models fast construction method, be applicable to the quick reconfiguration in tunnel and country rock accurate model in tunnel emulation or the tunnel digitizing design field.
Background technology
The common engineering construction investment is big, the cycle is long, risk is high, refers more particularly to the tunnel, because of the complicacy of itself interdependent geologic media and the high level error property of prediction, and in the operating period, has prominent features, can not revise in case just build up.Tunnel Design scheme in that the accurate three-dimensional formation information of grasping the place, tunnel of design phase can propose more to optimize reduces the engineering difficulty, practices thrift engineering cost.Therefore to tunnel itself and interdependent country rock carry out virtual emulation and just seem particularly important.Emulation and Design of digital are as an important content of intelligent transportation system (ITS); Along with the sustainable and healthy development of China's economy and the continuous progress of each correlation technique of ITS, become at present one of hot fields that each correlative study mechanism both at home and abroad falls over each other to study.Accurately modeling is a key technical problem anxious to be solved at present as the prerequisite of tunnel emulation and Design of digital, also is the focus of current research.
At present, models such as tunnel that relates in tunnel emulation and the Design of digital and country rock body thereof generally adopt the mode of artificial modeling, and modeling cycle length, model accuracy are difficult to guarantee.When the Tunnel Design scheme changed, tunnel that relates to and country rock model will rebuild, and artificial modeling pattern can not satisfy the real-time requirement of tunnel emulation and Design of digital.In the country rock modeling, generally only use the geotechnical boring data, can not effectively utilize, be difficult to the accurate description surrounding rock structure, can not satisfy the accuracy requirement of tunnel emulation and Design of digital the stratum profile information.There are the technical matterss such as high efficiency interactive that the modeling work period is long, precision is low, the human-edited measures greatly, the tunnel passes through country rock in tunnel emulation at present and Design of digital field.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models fast construction method; This method has greatly improved the modeling efficiency and the precision of tunnel emulation and Design of digital; Effectively reduced human-edited's amount of modeling; Realized that the tunnel passes through the real-time cutting demonstration of country rock and arbitrary vertical section, the change to the Tunnel Design scheme simultaneously can realize the model quick reconfiguration.
The present invention adopts following technical measures:
Tunnel line position information is built storehouse, geologic prospecting data and is built storehouse, three-dimensional formation section constraint information and build storehouse, three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information Jian Ku, true three-dimensional tunnel model construction, very three-dimensional country rock model construction, cut in real time based on the tunnel excavation of country rock model volume elements and section and show that seven parts realize; A kind of interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models fast construction method, step is following:
A, tunnel line position information are built the storehouse:
Arrangement obtains the line bit data in the Tunnel Design scheme, obtains line position king-pile point pile No. and three-dimensional geographic space X, Y, Z coordinate.Horizontal hole of pedestrian and the horizontal hole of driving are obtained the intersection point pile No. of head and the tail two ends, horizontal hole and each line position; Write down the horizontal hole of tunnel line position type and pedestrian, driving horizontal hole information at last and deposit above-mentioned line position information in tunnel line position information data table, make things convenient for project management, change and call;
B, geologic prospecting data are built the storehouse:
The geologic prospecting data comprise borehole data and obtain some cross-sectional datas through expert's decipher.In database, set up borehole data table and formation data table for borehole data.Borehole data table storage boring numbering, three-dimensional geographic space X, Y coordinate and aperture absolute altitude.Information such as the boring numbering under this stratum of formation data table storage, stratum numbering, layer end absolute altitude are with all true borehole data warehouse-ins;
C, three-dimensional formation section constraint information are built the storehouse:
Mode for cross-sectional data is taked on cross-sectional data basis up-sampling and generated virtual borehole is set up the virtual borehole database, generates section constraint boring with this, and database table structure is with true borehole data storehouse.Geologic section sampling and section constraint boring generation method are following:
1) geologic section location: accomplish three-dimensional formation section location, make the arbitrfary point coordinate in the drawing plane coordinate system can converse the coordinate under its three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system;
2) drilling orifice sampling: in the three-dimensional formation section, gather the drawing planimetric coordinates of drilling orifice, and calculate its coordinate under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system;
3) ground that drilling orifice is corresponding formation sample: in the three-dimensional formation section, gather 2) is the drawing planimetric coordinates of end point layer by layer, and calculates its coordinate under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system;
4) virtual borehole generates and warehouse-in: according to 2) and 3) drilling orifice that generates generates geologic section with the coordinate information on stratum and retrain virtual borehole and deposit database in.
D, three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information are built the storehouse:
The modeling border is the closed polygon that end to end series of points constitutes.Three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information is one type of virtual borehole according to true drill hole information, generation when three-dimensional formation section constraint information is encrypted on the modeling border, improves the precision of place, stratigraphic boundary model as constraint with this.Boundary constraint information banking process is following:
1) encrypt on the border: read boundary information and with certain length bounded with cryptographic boundary, obtain a row pass point;
2) virtual borehole generates: according to the information in true borehole data storehouse, the three-dimensional formation section constraint information database above-mentioned 1) the border pass point and the frontier point place that generate generate the border virtual borehole;
3) the three-dimensional formation border virtual borehole that generates boundary constraint information warehouse-in: with above-mentioned 2) deposits database in.
E, true three-dimensional tunnel model construction:
The structure of true three-dimensional tunnel model is based on tunnel line position information and tunnel cross-section information is accomplished.Wherein tunnel line position information is used to make up tunnel line position curve.Section and outer section in tunnel cross-section is divided into.Section in the drawing plane space transformed to after the closed section vertical with tunnel line position curve to stretch along the tunnel line position obtain the tunnel entity.Cut the generation tunnel model according to the internal and external relation of tunnel entity and the relation that runs through each other.True three-dimensional tunnel model building method is following:
1) three-dimensional geographic space tunnel line position curve makes up: read the king-pile point in the tunnel line bit data storehouse and make up tunnel line position curve according to its king-pile point three-dimensional geographic space X, Y, Z coordinate successively;
2) the tunnel cross-section entity picks up and the conversion of section entity space: in tunnel cross-section drawing plane coordinate system, pick up tunnel cross-section and be treated to closed section, pick up the section survey basic point coordinate in the drawing plane coordinate system simultaneously.According to measuring basic point and tunnel line position curve, the tunnel cross-section transformation matrix obtaining from the figure paper plane to three-dimensional geographic space, and carry out the section conversion and obtain the new section perpendicular to the tunnel line position;
3) the new section in the tunnel that the tunnel line position curve and 2 that tunnel volume modeling: utilize 1) obtains) obtains generates the tunnel body and cuts the generation tunnel model according to the internal and external relation of tunnel body and the relation that runs through each other.
F, very three-dimensional country rock model construction:
Layering situation according to geologic prospecting generates standardization boring to the true boring in the restrained boundary, section constraint virtual borehole, boundary constraint virtual borehole.On standardization boring basis, generate country rock model volume elements.Method is following:
1) obtain all borings and it is carried out standardization: the layering situation according to geologic prospecting obtains the standardization stratum.Handle true boring, section constraint virtual borehole, boundary constraint virtual borehole generation standardization boring according to the standardization stratum;
2) obtain boring in the restrained boundary: above-mentioned 1) on the standardization boring basis that obtains, select the boring in the modeling scope according to the modeling border;
3) with same ground layer by layer end point and drilling orifice point be basis, under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system, set up the strata division face Di Luoni triangulation network (hereinafter to be referred as the Delaunay triangulation network) and the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network;
4) serve as that the basis generates degenerated triangular prism with the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network: with above-mentioned 3) in the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network that obtains serve as the basis in the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system generation perpendicular to the degenerated triangular prism on three-dimensional geographic space XY plane;
5) isolate Different Strata: utilize 3) the strata division face Delaunay triangulation network that obtains is to 4) in the degenerated triangular prism that obtains separate the tunnel surrounding model volume elements that obtains Different Strata.
G, cut demonstration in real time based on the tunnel excavation and the section of country rock model volume elements:
Travel through very three-dimensional country rock model volume elements, itself and all tunnel models are carried out entity boolean subtract each other the country rock model that obtains after the tunneling.Step is following:
1) travels through the tunnel surrounding model volume elements that above-mentioned (F) step obtains.To each country rock model volume elements, with in (E) step the 3rd) tunnel entity in the small step cuts (Boolean function of using in the cutting is provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse) country rock model volume elements after must passing through to the tunnel;
2) based on above-mentioned 1) in the country rock model volume elements that obtains; Add the true three-dimensional tunnel model that is obtained by (E) step simultaneously, binding entity section cutting function (cutting function is provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse) can cut country rock and the tunnel cross-section that obtains the arbitrary vertical section place;
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
First; Model reconstruct speed is fast during the change of Tunnel Design scheme: Tunnel Design scheme, geological prospecting borehole and formation information, modeling border and section constraint information are all directly managed with Database Systems, and the quick search call related data of system is carried out modeling.The change of Tunnel Design scheme the time only changes the corresponding information in the Tunnel Design scheme database, but model reconstruct moment accomplish, and accomplish the tunneling excavation automatically, the shortcoming of time-consuming, the effort of modeling again when having overcome tunnel scheme change in the past.
The second, modeling accuracy is high: tunnel cross-section and line position information directly adopt the data in the design drawing.System calculates D translation, convergent-divergent, rotation parameter and the along the line position of tunnel cross-section when vertical with the line position automatically and launches a section and generate tunnel model, and the tunnel modeling accuracy is high; The tunnel surrounding model construction utilizes triangular prism and the mode modeling of branch aspect cutting body unit; Effectively utilize the geological prospecting borehole data; And added the cross-sectional data that geology personnel's decipher obtains; As the mandatory constraint of country rock modeling position, improved the country rock modeling precision greatly with this correction model volume elements.
The 3rd, but based on tunnel and country rock model Rapid Realization tunnel passing through excavation and the arbitrary section cutting shows: but on true three-dimensional tunnel and country rock modeling basis the Rapid Realization tunnel excavation.Country rock model behind the excavation has represented the situation that the tunnel passes through rock mass intuitively, accurately, can realize that based on tunnel and country rock the arbitrary section cutting shows simultaneously.
The 4th, model can directly apply to tunnel emulation and Design of digital: use the tunnel of this method structure and real-time, the high-precision requirement that the country rock three-dimensional model satisfies tunnel emulation and Design of digital, model can directly apply to association area.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models fast construction method block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a kind of stratigraphic section constrained sampling method floor map;
Fig. 3 is a kind of tunnel cross-section floor map;
Fig. 4 is a kind of very three-dimensional country rock model construction block diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated.Present embodiment serves as to implement under the guidance with technical scheme of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.The present embodiment overall procedure is as shown in Figure 1, and tunnel line position information is built storehouse 1 and built storehouse 2 no sequencings with the geologic prospecting data; Three-dimensional formation section constraint information is built storehouse 3 and is built in tunnel line position information on the basis in storehouse 1 and accomplish; Three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information is built storehouse 4 and is built storehouse 2 and three-dimensional formation section constraint information in the geologic prospecting data and build on the basis in storehouse 3 and accomplish; Very three-dimensional country rock model construction 6 builds in the geologic prospecting data that storehouse 3 is built in storehouse 2, three-dimensional formation section constraint information, three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information is built on 4 bases, storehouse and accomplished; True three-dimensional tunnel model construction 5 is built on 1 basis, storehouse in tunnel line position information and is accomplished; Cut in real time based on the tunnel excavation of country rock model volume elements and section and to show that 7 accomplish on 6 bases at true three-dimensional tunnel model construction 5, very three-dimensional country rock model construction.Intermodular data flows away among the Xiang Rutu shown in the solid arrow, but the intermodule partial data stream has precedence, a kind of interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models fast construction method, and concrete steps are following.
The first step, tunnel line position information is built storehouse 1:
Arrangement obtains the line bit data in the Tunnel Design scheme, obtains line position king-pile point pile No. and three-dimensional geographic space X, Y, Z coordinate.What horizontal hole of pedestrian and the horizontal hole of driving were then obtained is the intersection point pile No. of head and the tail two ends, horizontal hole and each line position.Record tunnel line position type and the horizontal hole of pedestrian, the horizontal hole of driving information.Deposit above-mentioned line position information in tunnel line position information data table.
In second step, the geologic prospecting data are built storehouse 2:
The geologic prospecting data comprise borehole data and obtain some cross-sectional datas through expert's decipher.In database, set up borehole data table and formation data table for borehole data.Borehole data table storage boring numbering, X coordinate, Y coordinate, aperture absolute altitude, information such as the boring numbering under this stratum of formation data table storage, stratum numbering, layer end absolute altitude.With all true borehole data warehouse-ins.
In the 3rd step, three-dimensional formation section constraint information is built storehouse 3:
Mode for cross-sectional data is taked on cross-sectional data basis up-sampling and generated virtual borehole is set up the virtual borehole database, generates three-dimensional formation section constraint boring and warehouse-in with this.Geologic section sampling and section constraint boring generation method are following:
1) geologic section location:
A) as shown in Figure 2, pick up A pile No. 3-2 at figure in the paper plane respectively, B pile No. 3-3 place pile No. information is designated as Sta1, Sta2, pick up any end end points of corresponding sign line simultaneously and be designated as Pt1, Pt2;
B) read each line position king-pile point coordinate in the information database of tunnel line position, and make up curve according to its three-dimensional geographic space X, Y, Z coordinate successively, each line position curve is designated as Line1, Line2...Linen respectively;
C) obtain the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate of Sta1 and the represented point of Sta2 according to following method, point is designated as PtReal1, PtReal2:
I. at b) in find in the line position curve of gained the line position curve and the line segment in this line position curve thereof at some place of Sta1 and Sta2 representative interval;
A milimeter number of ii. resolving Sta1 and Sta2 and a rice number, and according to milimeter number and rice number with and the milimeter number of residing line segment interval endpoint and rice number draw some PtReal1, the PtReal2 of Sta1 and Sta2 pile No. representative;
D) with c) in the three-dimensional geographic space Z coordinate of the some PtReal1, the PtReal2 that obtain to compose be zero, obtain straight line LineReal through PtReal1, PtReal2.Then LineReal representes in this geology section and the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system highly to be the intersection on zero XY plane;
E) arbitrfary point Z Coordinate Calculation method in the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system is following in the log sheet paper plane:
I. pick up the zero graduation point PtOrient of figure paper plane interior profile location at zero graduation 3-1 place;
Ii. measure the zero graduation point and be in the distance B istY on the y direction in the figure paper plane, calculate scale factor Fscale according to following formula to any scale n:
Fscale＝n/DistY
Iii. according to arbitrfary point in zero graduation point PtOrient and the geologic section figure paper plane in the y direction obtain waiting to ask the some Z value under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system apart from delt and global proportionality factor Fscale:
Z＝Fscale×delt
2) drilling orifice sampling:
The geologic section sampling location is chosen in the ground layer line and changes violent place.Most upperstratum position picks up the some PtSampleDrill in the log sheet paper plane in log sheet.Utilize 1) described in Pt1, Pt2, PtOrient, PtReal1, PtReal2, LineReal, Fscale calculate the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate PtRealDrill of figure paper plane sampled point PtSampleDrill, concrete computing method are following:
A) by the figure paper plane x coordinate information of PtSampleDrill, Pt1, Pt2 draw PtSampleDrill with
Relative position and the distance B eltX of Pt1 on figure paper plane x direction, the actual distance DeltReal of PtSampleDrill and Pt1 is calculated by following method:
DeltReal＝DeltX×Fscale；
B) LineReal representes the straight line through PtReal1 and PtReal2.In conjunction with Pt1 that obtains in a) and the relative position of PtSampleDrill, calculate straight line LineReal and go up from a PtReal1 and begin the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate of distance for the point of DeltReal, this coordinate is the planimetric coordinates of PtRealDrill;
C) PtSampleDrill and the PtOrient coordinate difference on figure paper plane x direction is designated as DeltY, and the drilling orifice elevation is the Z coordinate of PtRealDrill.Computing method are following:
Z＝DeltY×Fscale
3) formation sample:
Absolute altitude at the bottom of its layer is only write down on the i.e. stratum of boring for this reason, the stratum corresponding with the drilling orifice sampled point in log sheet, the stratum of sampling, and sampling and computation process are following:
A) the boring sample point at log sheet keeps the x coordinate of boring sampled point in the figure paper plane constant; Begin to pick up successively ground end point layer by layer from the superiors stratum; Obtain some PtStratum1, PtStratum2 on the log sheet up to PtStratumn; Also will sample in stratum for thinning out, and guarantee that sampled point figure paper plane y coordinate is identical with next-door neighbour's a last formation sample point diagram paper plane y coordinate;
B) the figure paper plane x coordinate of PtStratum1, PtStratum2...PtStratumn is identical; The difference of each point figure paper plane y coordinate and PtOrient point y coordinate multiply by Fscale each stratum separation three-dimensional geographic space Z coordinate (being absolute altitude) of promptly for this reason holing; The stratum separation is designated as PtStratum1High, PtStratum2High...PtStratumnHigh respectively, and its computing method are following:
PtStratum1High＝(PtStratum1.y-PtOrient.y)×Fscale
PtStratum2High＝(PtStratum2.y-PtOrient.y)×Fscale
PtStratumnHigh＝(PtStratumn.y-PtOrient.y)×Fscale
4) virtual borehole generates and warehouse-in:
By above-mentioned 2) and 3) generation is holed and corresponding formation information promptly constitutes a complete virtual boring.Virtual borehole tables of data recording storage (wherein ID is the unique identifying number that system generates automatically) as follows:
Boring numbering X coordinate Y coordinate aperture absolute altitude
ID PtRealDrill.x PtRealDrill.y PtRealDrill.z。
Corresponding formation information is many records.Virtual formation data table record storage is as follows:
More than write down the coordinate information that relates to and be the coordinate under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system;
In the 4th step, three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information is built storehouse 4:
The modeling border is the closed polygon that end to end series of points constitutes.Three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information is one type of virtual borehole according to true drill hole information, generation when three-dimensional formation section constraint information is encrypted on the modeling border, improves the precision of place, stratigraphic boundary model as constraint with this.Three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information banking process is following:
1) encrypt on the border:
Be followed successively by PtRange1, PtRange2...PtRangen if constitute the point on border, the line segment of the line segment of adjacent 2 formations in front and back and last point PtRangen and first PtRange1 formation is followed successively by LineRange1, LineRange2...LineRangen.Suppose that encrypting distance is Dist;
A) traveling through all boundary sections obtains line segment two-end-point PtTemp1, PtTemp2 and tries to achieve line segment length (being designated as LineLength);
B) note intPointNum is the pass point number, and computing method are following:
IntPointNum=[LineLength/Dist] ([] is for rounding operation in the formula)
C) note DistDelt is the encryption length of current line segment, and computing method are following:
DistDelt＝LineLength/(intPointNum+1)
D) dividing equally with PtTemp1, PtTemp2 with length DistDelt is the line segment of end points;
E) repeat above-mentioned b) to d) step, obtain the bisecting point of all line segments.
2) virtual borehole generates:
A) all bisecting points that traversal above-mentioned 1) obtain remember that current line segment bisecting point is PtCurrent;
B) the bore position information in traversal geological prospecting borehole database, the three-dimensional formation section constraint information database.Try to achieve the nearest boring of distance P tCurrent, obtain its formation information simultaneously;
C) duplicate above-mentioned b) boring and the formation information that obtain; Three-dimensional geographic space X coordinate with boring changes PtCurrent.X into simultaneously; The Y coordinate changes PtCurrent.Y into, and corresponding formation information remains unchanged, and generates the virtual borehole and the formation information at pass point place with this;
D) repeat above-mentioned b) to c) step, obtain the boundary constraint virtual borehole and the formation information at all LineRange1, LineRange2...LineRangen line segment pass point place;
E) try to achieve PtRange1, the boring of PtRange2...PtRangen each point corresponding virtual and formation information.
3) boundary constraint information warehouse-in:
Using in second step in the geologic prospecting database boring to set up boundary constraint point virtual borehole database, and with above-mentioned 2 with the formation catalog structure) the pass point boundary constraint virtual borehole that obtains and PtRange1, PtRange2...PtRangen each point place virtual borehole deposit database in.
The 5th step, true three-dimensional tunnel model construction 5:
The structure of true three-dimensional tunnel model is based on tunnel line position information and tunnel cross-section information is accomplished.Wherein tunnel line position information is used to make up tunnel line position curve.(Fig. 3 is the subdivision graph of true three-dimensional tunnel model construction 5 among Fig. 1) as shown in Figure 3, tunnel cross-section is divided into outer section 5-1, interior section 5-2, tunnel road surface section 5-3, and wherein x, y represent the drawing plane coordinate system at tunnel cross-section place.
1) three-dimensional geographic space tunnel line position curve makes up:
A) read each king-pile point coordinate of tunnel line bit data storehouse successively.
B) make up main hole or the horizontal hole of each pedestrian or drive a vehicle line position, horizontal hole curve according to the tunnel line position.
2) the tunnel cross-section entity picks up and the conversion of section entity space:
A) form complete closed section according to Tunnel Design file profile data.
B) traversal tunnel line position and section are established original section and are respectively SectionOrt1, SectionOrt2...SectionOrtn.Pick up the measurement basic point of king-pile in the tunnel cross-section, be designated as PtSectionOrient.
C) calculate first vector that PtStart to the second PtEnd constitutes from the tunnel line position
VectorChunnel, computing method are following:
VectorChunnel＝PtEnd-PtStart
D) establishing in the drawing plane coordinate system tunnel cross-section normal vector VectorSection is in the drawing plane coordinate system-the z direction.Calculate the transformation matrix of VectorSection, add the translational movement of PtSectionOrient simultaneously to PtStart to VectorChunnel.Finally obtain all sections transformation matrix separately and be designated as Rtransform1, Rtransform2...Rtransformn.
E) utilizing d) resulting section transformation matrix can carry out spatial alternation to tunnel cross-section and obtain one group of new section.The measurement basic point of new section is positioned at line position starting point and cross section perpendicular in the line position.New section is designated as SectionNew1, SectionNew2...SectionNewn.Spatial transform method is following:
Section?New1＝SectionOrt1×[Rtransform1]
SectionNew2＝SectionOrt2×[Rtransform2]
SectionNewn＝SectionOrtn×[Rtransformn]
3) tunnel volume modeling:
A) SectionNew1 that above-mentioned 2) obtains, SectionNew2...SectionNewn stretch along the tunnel line position respectively can obtain tunnel 3D solid (the stretching function is provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse).
What b) obtained by above-mentioned a) process is the 3D solid of all sections.3D solid divides outside entity (being generated by outer section) and internal entity (interior section generation).Pass through a series of cutting operations and generate tunnel-liner ring entity.(actual conditions possibly not comprise horizontal hole of garage and the Heng Dong of People's Bank of China to symbol definition, but operational method is constant as follows.This sentences complicated situation and implements):
EntityChunOut: main tunnel external entity
EntityChunIn: main tunnel internal entity
EntityChunEnd: main tunnel-liner ring entity
EntityCarOut: garage's horizontal hole outer body body
EntityCarIn: garage's horizontal hole internal entity
EntityCarEnd: garage's horizontal hole lining cutting ring entity
EntityPeopleOut: People's Bank of China's horizontal hole external entity
EntityPeopleIn: People's Bank of China's horizontal hole internal entity
EntityPeopleEnd: People's Bank of China's horizontal hole lining cutting ring entity
The Boolean calculation of using in the cutting is provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse, and cutting process is following:
i.EntityCarEnd＝EntityCarOut-EntityCarIn-EntityChunIn
ii.EntityPeopleEnd＝EntityPeopleOu-EntityPeopleIn-EntityChunIn
iii.EntityChunEnd＝EntityChunOut-EntityChunIn-EntityCarIn-EntityPeopleIn
C) finally the tunnel body is made up of EntityChunEnd, EntityCarEnd, EntityPeopleEnd addition.
Storage EntityChunOut, EntityCarOut, EntityPeopleOut are subsequent use.
The 6th step, very three-dimensional country rock model construction 6:
(Fig. 4 is the subdivision graph of step 6 among Fig. 1) as shown in Figure 4 generates standardization boring 6-4 according to the layering situation of geologic prospecting with true boring 6-1, section constraint virtual borehole 6-2, boundary constraint virtual borehole 6-3 in the restrained boundary.On standardization boring 6-4 basis, generate drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network 6-6 and strata division face Delaunay triangulation network 6-5; Generate triangular prism 6-7 according to the triangular facet among the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network 6-6, utilize strata division face Delaunay triangulation network 6-5 that it is separated again and generate country rock model volume elements 6-8.Concrete steps are following:
1) obtain all borings and it is carried out standardization, detailed process is following:
A) according to the geological prospecting borehole database 6-1 that truly holed;
B) obtain section constraint virtual borehole 6-2 according to three-dimensional formation section constraint information database;
C) obtain boundary constraint virtual borehole 6-3 according to three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information database;
D) according to the geology survey data classified in the stratum, operation area, obtain the standard stratum;
E) to the borehole data standardization, detailed process is following:
I. the stratum that traversal is holed and each boring is corresponding;
Ii. with above-mentioned d) in the standard stratum that obtains serve as according to standardization is carried out on the stratum.Stratum and standard stratum relatively add new layer if lack a certain stratum then in the classification stratum, find out suitable insertion point according to the order on standard stratum.The layer end absolute altitude of new layer promptly inserts the zero thickness stratum for the absolute altitude on next-door neighbour's a last stratum, and all stratum of standardization finally obtain standardization boring 6-4. thus
2) above-mentioned 1) on the standardization boring 6-4 basis that obtains, select the boring PointsMod in the modeling scope according to the modeling border;
3) end point is basic layer by layer with same ground, under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system, sets up strata division face Delaunay triangulation network 6-5.Be that drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network 6-6 is set up on the basis with the drilling orifice point simultaneously;
A) obtain all drilling orifice points in the PointsMod, set up drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network 6-6 according to Delaunay triangulation network network forming rule;
B) obtain same stratum point set in the PointsMod, set up strata division face Delaunay triangulation network 6-5 according to Delaunay triangulation network network forming rule;
4) serve as that the basis generates the triangular entity 6-7 of living with drilling orifice triangulation network 6-6;
A) travel through all borings and stratum, try to achieve the maximal value and the minimum value of drilling orifice and stratum absolute altitude, be designated as HeightMax, HeightMin respectively;
B) with above-mentioned 3) in the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network 6-6 that obtains in a) be the basis, set up new triangular facet according to the triangular facet in the triangulation network, newly the height value on triangular facet three summits is made as HeightMin, three-dimensional geographic space X, Y coordinate remain unchanged;
C) with above-mentioned b) triangular facet that obtains of method stretches (the stretching function is provided by O bjectsARX storehouse) along three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system Z axle forward, is stretched to HeightMax, generates the corresponding triangular prism of each triangular facet in the Delaunay triangulation network with this.
5) isolate Different Strata, obtain tunnel surrounding model volume elements 6-8:
A) read above-mentioned 4) the middle triangular prism that generates, travel through the strata division face Delaunay triangulation network [6-5] simultaneously, obtain the corresponding a series of triangular facets of triangular prism, be designated as Triangle1, Triangle1...Trianglen;
B) begin from the triangular prism bottommost, go to separate Different Strata with triangular facet Trianglen, Trianglen-1...Triangle1 successively.Each the latter half that obtains of separating is composed the color with corresponding stratum, and the first half then continues to participate in the stratum separates, up to top layer;
C) to b) triangular prism the first half of obtaining utilizes the corresponding triangular facet of drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network 6-6 to isolate the latter half entity, composes with corresponding stratum color, abandons the aperture simultaneously with top;
D) by above-mentioned b) and c) the entity volume elements that obtains of detachment process with true geographical coordinate representation.All volume elements then constitute very three-dimensional country rock automatically.
In the 7th step, cut demonstration 7 in real time based on the tunnel excavation of country rock model volume elements and section:
Travel through very three-dimensional country rock model volume elements, itself and all tunnel models are carried out entity boolean subtract each other the country rock model that obtains after the tunneling.Step is following:
1) travels through the tunnel surrounding model volume elements that above-mentioned the 6th step obtains.To each country rock model volume elements, with in the 5th step the 3rd) EntityChunOut, EntityCarOut, EntityPeopleOut entity in the step cut (Boolean function of using in the cutting is provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse).Remember that arbitrary model volume elements is Mod, new volume elements is ModNew.Cutting method is following:
ModNew=Mod-EntityChunOut-EntityCarOut-EntityPeopleOut cuts the tunnel that can accomplish country rock according to said method to all country rock model volume elements and passes through;
2) based on above-mentioned 1) in the country rock model volume elements that obtains, add the true three-dimensional tunnel model that obtains by the 5th step simultaneously, binding entity section cutting function (being provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse) can cut country rock and the tunnel cross-section that obtains the arbitrary vertical section place.
Claims (1)
1. interactive tunnel and wall rock body three-dimensional models fast construction method the steps include:
A, tunnel line position information are built storehouse (1):
Arrangement obtains the line bit data in the Tunnel Design scheme; Obtain line position king-pile point pile No. and three-dimensional geographic space X, Y, Z coordinate; Horizontal hole of pedestrian and the horizontal hole of driving are obtained the intersection point pile No. of head and the tail two ends, horizontal hole and each line position, write down the horizontal hole of tunnel line position type and pedestrian, the horizontal hole information of driving a vehicle at last and deposit above-mentioned line position information in tunnel line position information data table;
B, geologic prospecting data are built storehouse (2):
The geologic prospecting data comprise borehole data and cross-sectional data; In database, set up borehole data table and formation data table for borehole data; Borehole data table storage boring numbering, three-dimensional geographic space X, Y coordinate and aperture absolute altitude; Boring numbering under this stratum of formation data table storage, stratum numbering, layer end absolute altitude information are with all true borehole data warehouse-ins;
C, three-dimensional formation section constraint information are built storehouse (3):
At three-dimensional formation sectional view paper plane up-sampling and generate section constraint virtual borehole, and section is retrained the virtual borehole warehouse-in; Three-dimensional formation sectional view paper plane up-sampling and section constraint virtual borehole generation method are following:
1) geologic section location:
A) pick up A pile No. (3-2) at figure arbitrarily in the paper plane respectively, B pile No. (3-3) two place's pile No. information are designated as Sta1, Sta2; Pick up any end end points of corresponding sign line simultaneously and be designated as Pt1, Pt2;
B) read each line position king-pile point coordinate in the information database of tunnel line position, and make up curve according to its three-dimensional geographic space X, Y, Z coordinate successively, each line position curve is designated as Line1 respectively, and Line2 is up to Linen;
C) obtain the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate of Sta1 and the represented point of Sta2 according to following method, point is designated as PtReal1, PtReal2:
I. at b) in find in the line position curve of gained the line position curve and the line segment in this line position curve thereof at some place of Sta1 and Sta2 representative interval;
A milimeter number of ii. resolving Sta1 and Sta2 and a rice number, and according to milimeter number and rice number with and the milimeter number of residing line segment interval endpoint and rice number draw some PtReal1, the PtReal2 of Sta1 and Sta2 pile No. representative;
D) with c) in the three-dimensional geographic space Z coordinate of the some PtReal1, the PtReal2 that obtain to compose be zero; Obtain the straight line LineReal through PtReal1, PtReal2, then LineReal representes in this geology section and the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system highly to be the intersection on zero XY plane;
E) arbitrfary point Z Coordinate Calculation method in the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system is following in the log sheet paper plane:
I. locate to pick up the zero graduation point PtOrient of figure paper plane interior profile location at geologic section drawing zero graduation (3-1);
Ii. measure the zero graduation point and be in the distance B istY on the y direction in the figure paper plane, calculate scale factor Fscale according to following formula to any scale n:
Fscale＝n/DistY；
Iii. according to arbitrfary point in zero graduation point PtOrient and the log sheet paper plane figure paper plane in the y direction obtain the Z value of this arbitrfary point under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system apart from delt and global proportionality factor Fscale, computing method are following:
Z＝Fscale×delt；
2) drilling orifice sampling:
The geologic section sampling location is chosen in the ground layer line and changes violent place; Most upperstratum position picks up the some PtSampleDrill in the log sheet paper plane in log sheet; Utilize 1) described in Pt1, Pt2, PtOrient, PtReal1, PtReal2, LineReal, Fscale calculate the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate PtRealDrill of figure paper plane sampled point PtSampleDrill, concrete computing method are following:
A) the figure paper plane x coordinate information by PtSampleDrill, Pt1, Pt2 draws PtSampleDrill and relative position and the distance B eltX of Pt1 on figure paper plane x direction, and the actual distance DeltReal of PtSampleDrill and Pt1 is calculated by following method:
DeltReal＝DeltX×Fscale；
B) LineReal representes the straight line through PtReal1 and PtReal2; In conjunction with Pt1 that obtains in a) and the relative position of PtSampleDrill, calculate straight line LineReal and go up from a PtReal1 and begin the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate of distance for the point of DeltReal, this coordinate is the planimetric coordinates of PtRealDrill;
C) PtSampleDrill and the PtOrient coordinate difference on figure paper plane x direction is designated as DeltY, and the drilling orifice elevation is that the Z coordinate of PtRealDrill is:
Z＝DeltY×Fscale；
3) formation sample:
Absolute altitude at the bottom of its layer is only write down on the i.e. stratum of boring for this reason, the stratum corresponding with the drilling orifice sampled point in log sheet, the stratum of sampling, and sampling and computation process are following:
A) keep the x coordinate of boring sampled point in the figure paper plane constant in the boring sample point of log sheet, begin to pick up successively ground end point layer by layer from the superiors stratum, obtain some PtStratum1, PtStratum2 on the log sheet up to PtStratumn; Also will sample in stratum for thinning out, because the thinning out point has a plurality of stratum, therefore will guarantee that sampled point figure paper plane y coordinate is identical with next-door neighbour's a last formation sample point diagram paper plane y coordinate;
B) PtStratum1, PtStratum2 are identical up to the figure of PtStratumn paper plane x coordinate; The difference of each point figure paper plane y coordinate and PtOrient point y coordinate multiply by Fscale each stratum separation three-dimensional geographic space Z coordinate of promptly for this reason holing, and the stratum separation is designated as PtStratum1High, PtStratum2High respectively up to PtStratumnHigh;
4) virtual borehole generates and warehouse-in:
By above-mentioned 2) and 3) generate drilling orifice and promptly constitute a complete virtual boring with corresponding formation information, the recording storage structure of virtual borehole tables of data is as follows:
Boring numbering X coordinate Y coordinate aperture absolute altitude
Corresponding formation information is many records, and the stratigraphic record storage organization is as follows:
Boring numbering stratum numbering layer end absolute altitude;
D, three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information are built storehouse (4):
The modeling border is the closed polygon that end to end point constitutes; The three-dimensional formation boundary information is one type of virtual borehole according to true drill hole information, generation when three-dimensional formation section constraint information is encrypted on the modeling border; Improve the precision that model is located in the stratigraphic boundary as constraint, three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information banking process is following:
1) encrypt on the border:
Be followed successively by PtRange1, PtRange2 up to PtRangen if constitute the point on border; The line segment of the line segment of adjacent 2 formations in front and back and last point PtRangen and first PtRange1 formation is followed successively by LineRange1, LineRange2 up to LineRangen, and encrypting distance is Dist;
A) travel through all boundary sections and obtain every line segment two-end-point PtTemp1, PtTemp2, and try to achieve the length L ineLength of every line segment;
B) note intPointNum is the pass point number, and computing method are following:
IntPointNum=LineLength/Dist, and to the intPointNum round numbers;
C) note DistDelt is the encryption length of current line segment, and computing method are following:
DistDelt＝LineLength/(intPointNum+1)；
D) dividing equally with PtTemp1, PtTemp2 with length DistDelt is the line segment of end points;
E) repeat above-mentioned b) to d) step, obtain the bisecting point of all line segments of LineRange1～LineRangen;
2) virtual borehole generates:
A) all bisecting points that traversal above-mentioned 1) obtain, the current bisecting point of remembering current line segment is PtCurrent;
B) the bore position information in traversal geological prospecting borehole database, the three-dimensional formation section constraint information database obtains the nearest boring of current bisecting point PtCurrent of the current line segment of distance, obtains the formation information of this boring simultaneously;
C) duplicating above-mentioned b) boring that obtains and formation information give and want newly-built virtual borehole; Simultaneously the three-dimensional geographic space X coordinate of this virtual borehole is changed into the X coordinate of PtCurrent; The Y coordinate changes the Y coordinate of PtCurrent into; Corresponding formation information remains unchanged, and generates the virtual borehole and the formation information at pass point place with this;
D) repeat above-mentioned b), c) step, obtain all LineRange1, LineRange2 boundary constraint virtual borehole and formation information up to the pass point place of LineRangen line segment;
E) try to achieve PtRange1, PtRange2 up to boring of PtRangen each point corresponding virtual and formation information;
3) boundary constraint information warehouse-in:
Using in the B step in the geologic prospecting database boring to set up boundary constraint point virtual borehole database, and with above-mentioned 2 with the formation catalog structure) the boundary constraint virtual borehole and the PtRange1 that obtain, virtual borehole deposits database in to PtRange2 up to PtRangen each point place;
E, true three-dimensional tunnel model construction (5):
Accomplish the structure of true three-dimensional tunnel model based on tunnel line position information and tunnel cross-section information; Wherein tunnel line position information is used to make up tunnel line position curve; Tunnel cross-section is divided into outer section (5-1), interior section (5-2), tunnel road surface section (5-3); Its o, x, y represent the drawing plane coordinate system at tunnel cross-section place, and true three-dimensional tunnel model building method is following:
1) three-dimensional geographic space tunnel line position curve makes up:
A) read each king-pile point three-dimensional geographic space coordinate of tunnel line bit data storehouse successively;
B) make up main hole or the horizontal hole of each pedestrian or drive a vehicle line position, horizontal hole curve according to tunnel line position king-pile point three-dimensional geographic space coordinate;
2) the tunnel cross-section entity picks up and the conversion of section entity space:
A) form complete closed section according to Tunnel Design file profile data;
B) traversal tunnel line position and section are established original section and are respectively SectionOrt1, SectionOrt2 up to SectionOrtn, pick up the measurement basic point of king-pile in the tunnel cross-section, are designated as PtSectionOrient;
C) calculate first vector that PtStart to the second PtEnd constitutes from the tunnel line position
VectorChunnel, computing method are following:
VectorChunnel＝PtEnd-PtStart；
D) establishing in the drawing plane coordinate system tunnel cross-section normal vector VectorSection is in the drawing plane coordinate system-the z direction; Obtain the transformation matrix of VectorSection to VectorChunnel; In transformation matrix, add the translational movement of PtSectionOrient simultaneously, obtain all sections transformation matrix separately and be designated as Rtransform1, Rtransform2 up to Rtransformn to PtStart;
E) utilizing d) resulting section transformation matrix carries out spatial alternation to tunnel cross-section and obtains one group of new section, is designated as SectionNew1, SectionNew2 up to SectionNewn, and spatial transform method is following:
Section?New1＝SectionOrt1×Rtransform1
SectionNew2＝SectionOrt2×Rtransform2
......
SectionNewn＝SectionOrtn×Rtransformn
3) tunnel volume modeling:
A) SectionNew1 that above-mentioned 2) obtains, SectionNew2 stretch along the tunnel line position respectively up to SectionNewn and obtain the tunnel 3D solid, and the function of using that stretches is provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse;
What b) obtained by above-mentioned a) process is the 3D solid of all sections, pass through a series of cutting operations and generate tunnel-liner ring entities, and the Boolean calculation of using in the cutting is provided by the ObjectsARX storehouse, and cutting process is following:
i.EntityCarEnd＝EntityCarOut-EntityCarIn-EntityChunIn；
ii.EntityPeopleEnd＝EntityPeopleOut-EntityPeopleIn-EntityChunIn；
iii.EntityChunEnd＝EntityChunOut-EntityChunIn-EntityCarIn-EntityPeopleIn；
The implication of parameter is following in the formula:
EntityChunOut: main tunnel external entity;
EntityChunIn: main tunnel internal entity;
EntityChunEnd: main tunnel-liner ring entity;
EntityCarOut: garage's horizontal hole outer body body;
EntityCarIn: garage's horizontal hole internal entity;
EntityCarEnd: garage's horizontal hole lining cutting ring entity;
EntityPeopleOut: People's Bank of China's horizontal hole external entity;
EntityPeopleIn: People's Bank of China's horizontal hole internal entity;
EntityPeopleEnd: People's Bank of China's horizontal hole lining cutting ring entity;
C) final tunnel body is made up of EntityChunEnd, EntityCarEnd, EntityPeopleEnd addition, and it is subsequent use to store EntityChunOut, EntityCarOut, EntityPeopleOut;
F, very three-dimensional country rock model construction (6):
Layering situation according to geologic prospecting generates standardization boring (6-4) with truly boring (6-1) in the restrained boundary, section constraint virtual borehole (6-2), boundary constraint virtual borehole (6-3); On standardization boring (6-4) basis, generate the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network (6-6) and the strata division face Delaunay triangulation network (6-5); Generate triangular prism (6-7) according to the triangular facet in the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network (6-6); Utilize the strata division face Delaunay triangulation network (6-5) that it is separated again and generate country rock model volume elements (6-8), concrete steps are following:
1) obtain all borings and it is carried out standardization, detailed process is:
A) according to geological prospecting borehole database truly holed (6-1);
B) obtain section constraint virtual borehole (6-2) according to three-dimensional formation section constraint information database;
C) obtain boundary constraint virtual borehole (6-3) according to three-dimensional formation boundary constraint information database;
D) according to the geology survey data classified in the stratum, operation area, obtain the standard stratum;
E) to the borehole data standardization, detailed process is following:
I. the stratum that traversal is holed and each boring is corresponding;
Ii. with above-mentioned d) in the standard stratum that obtains serve as according to standardization is carried out on the stratum; Stratum and standard stratum are relatively; In the classification stratum, find out suitable insertion point according to the order on standard stratum and add new layer; The layer end absolute altitude of new layer promptly inserts the zero thickness stratum for the absolute altitude on next-door neighbour's a last stratum, and all stratum of standardization finally obtain standardization boring (6-4) thus;
2) above-mentioned 1) in the standardization boring (6-4) that obtains, select the boring PointsMod in the modeling scope according to the modeling border;
3) end point is basic layer by layer with same ground, under the three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system, sets up the strata division face Delaunay triangulation network (6-5), is that the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network (6-6) is set up on the basis with the drilling orifice point simultaneously;
A) obtain all drilling orifice points in the PointsMod, set up the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network (6-6) according to Delaunay triangulation network network forming rule;
B) obtain same stratum point set in the PointsMod, set up the strata division face Delaunay triangulation network (6-5) according to Delaunay triangulation network network forming rule;
4) serve as that the basis generates degenerated triangular prism (6-7) with the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network (6-6):
A) travel through all borings and stratum, try to achieve the maximal value and the minimum value of drilling orifice and stratum absolute altitude, be designated as HeightMax, HeightMin respectively;
B) with above-mentioned 3) in the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network (6-6) that obtains in a) be the basis, set up new triangular facet according to the triangular facet in the triangulation network, newly the height value on triangular facet three summits is made as HeightMin, three-dimensional geographic space X, Y coordinate remain unchanged;
C) with above-mentioned b) triangular facet that obtains of method stretches along three-dimensional geographic space coordinate system Z axle forward, is stretched to HeightMax, generates the corresponding triangular prism of each triangular facet in the Delaunay triangulation network with this;
5) isolate Different Strata, obtain tunnel surrounding model volume elements (6-8):
A) read above-mentioned 4) the middle triangular prism that generates, travel through the strata division face Delaunay triangulation network (6-5) simultaneously, obtain the corresponding triangular facet of triangular prism, be designated as Triangle1, Triangle2 up to Trianglen;
B) begin from the triangular prism bottommost; Use triangular facet Trianglen, Triangle (n-1) to go to separate Different Strata successively up to Triangle1; Each the latter half that obtains of separating is composed the color with corresponding stratum, and the first half then continues to participate in the stratum separates, up to top layer;
C) to b) triangular prism the first half of obtaining utilizes the corresponding triangular facet of the drilling orifice Delaunay triangulation network (6-6) to isolate the latter half entity, composes with corresponding stratum color, abandons the aperture simultaneously with the top entity;
D) by above-mentioned b) and c) the entity volume elements that obtains of detachment process is with true geographical coordinate representation, and all volume elements then constitute very three-dimensional country rock automatically;
G, cut demonstration (7) in real time based on the tunnel excavation and the section of country rock model volume elements:
Travel through very three-dimensional country rock model volume elements, itself and all tunnel models are carried out entity boolean subtract each other the country rock model that obtains after the tunneling, step is following:
1) travels through the tunnel surrounding model volume elements that above-mentioned (F) step obtains; To each country rock model volume elements; With in (E) step the 3rd) EntityChunOut, EntityCarOut, EntityPeopleOut entity in the step cut; Remember that arbitrary model volume elements is Mod, new volume elements is ModNew, and cutting method is following:
ModNew＝Mod-EntityChunOut-EntityCarOut-EntityPeopleOut；
2) based on above-mentioned 1) in the country rock model volume elements that obtains, add the true three-dimensional tunnel model that obtains by (E) step simultaneously, the cutting of binding entity section cutting function obtains the country rock and the tunnel cross-section at arbitrary vertical section place.
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