A kind of secondary side output signal cable transmission device of voltage transformer
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement of electric signal transmitting device, particularly relate to a kind of secondary side output signal cable transmission device of voltage transformer.
Background technology
The electric energy metrical precision depends on electric energy meter, current transformer (CT), voltage transformer (VT) (PT) error, and the error of PT secondary circuit voltage drop.In recent years generally the precision of electric energy meter is brought up to 0.5 grade by 1.0 grades on producing, the precision of metering mutual inductor is brought up to 0.2 grade by 0.5 grade, has created condition for improving the electric power meter precision.At present in electric energy metered system, unique what do not obtain fine solution is the error in dipping problem that the PT secondary circuit voltage drop causes, it has had a strong impact on the electric energy metrical precision.Because PT secondary circuit disconnecting link, fuse, the contact resistance of terminal and the existence of secondary cable impedance certainly lead to the secondary voltage drop error, make electric energy metrical inaccurate, leak quantity calculation.The average pressure drop in each substation PT secondary loop has reached 0.2V according to statistics, the transformer station's maximal value that has even reached 1V, i.e. and electric quantity metering loss has reached 1%.If can solve the problem of PT secondary circuit voltage drop, just can greatly retrieve the electricity charge loss of power supply department, the economy of raising system operation, the economic interests of assurance power supply department.Therefore in order to build intelligent grid better, reduce economic loss, must solve the remote lossless transmission problem of this voltage transformer secondary side output signal.
The method of the long-distance transmissions of current domestic and international solution voltage transformer secondary side output signal mainly is to increase PT secondary circuit sectional area of wire.This method is the way that present most power supply department adopts, but effect is unsatisfactory.Reason is that the secondary conductor resistance belongs to metallic resistance, and is steady in a long-term constant; The resistance of other element belongs to contact resistance, is subjected to all multifactor impacts such as contacts status, pressure, surface in contact oxidation, and contact resistance can change inevitably, this variation be at random, uncertain.Contact resistance may surpass more than the secondary conductor resistance several times under rough sledding, and it is inevitable very poor only to adopt overstriking secondary cable method to eliminate PT secondary voltage drop effect.If can remove disconnecting link, fuse, terminal can tackle the problem at its root, but this method and infeasible, because these all are operations, safeguard indispensable components and parts.Adopt high-quality disconnecting link, fuse, terminal, or strengthen maintenance, reduce its contact resistance, all help to reduce the PT secondary voltage drop, but can not fundamentally thoroughly deal with problems these elements.
In a word, the deficiencies in the prior art part is: the voltage transformer (VT) output voltage signal has decay through cable transmission, thereby the signal accuracy of transmission is low.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency on the prior art, a kind of new cable transmission device that is applicable to the voltage transformer secondary side output signal is provided, this device signal is unattenuated through cable transmission, thereby transmission signals precision height.
Technical scheme of the present invention has two, and its common technical characterictic is: described cable transmission device comprises transmission cable, and is connected to signal transmission device and signal reduction receiver on the spot respectively in the front-end and back-end of transmission cable.
First kind of technical scheme:
Secondary side output signal cable transmission device of voltage transformer, comprise transmission cable, be connected to respectively in the front-end and back-end of transmission cable and contain CPU signal transmission device and signal reduction receiver on the spot, the described CPU of containing signal transmission device on the spot comprises small voltage mutual inductor, CPU, analog/digital converter, input operational amplifier, digital/analog converter, above-mentioned each parts connect press side signal transmission to for voltage transformer (VT) from childhood to input operational amplifier, to analog/digital converter, arrive CPU, arrive digital/analog converter, arrive cable.
Described signal reduction receiver comprises current/voltage converter, output operational amplifier, the power amplifier that current signal is converted to voltage signal, connects between above-mentioned each parts press side signal transmission to being to output operational amplifier, to power amplifier from current/voltage converter.
The described CPU of the containing input ac voltage of signal transmission device on the spot is divided into 0-100 volt and 0-57.7 lies prostrate two grades, and output current signal is divided into two grades of 4-20 milliampere and 0-20 milliamperes.
The input current signal of described signal reduction receiver is divided into two grades of 4-20 milliampere and 0-20 milliamperes, and output voltage is divided into alternating voltage 0-100 volt and 0-57.7 lies prostrate two grades, with contain CPU on the spot the signal transmission device output area adapt.
The input current signal of described signal reduction receiver is divided into two grades of 4-20 milliampere and 0-20 milliamperes, and output voltage is an alternating voltage 0-5 volt, with contain CPU on the spot the signal transmission device output area adapt.
The described CPU of the containing structure of signal transmission device on the spot is: the small voltage mutual inductor is input to interchange 0 to the 5V signal that conversion obtains in the input operational amplifier that model is OP07, and input operational amplifier OP07, model are the reference voltage source of AD584 and resistance R 1, R2, Rf composition totalizer; The output terminal of input operational amplifier OP07 is received on the 18th pin of CPU that model is 8051F120, and CPU8051F120 contains inside ADC and additional reference voltage source; CPU8051F120 is that the digital/analog converter of AD420 is connected by the 62nd, 61,60 pins and model, by digital/analog converter AD420 output current signal.
Second kind of technical scheme:
Secondary side output signal cable transmission device of voltage transformer comprises transmission cable, is connected to signal transmission device and signal reduction receiver on the spot respectively in the front-end and back-end of transmission cable; Described signal transmission device on the spot comprises small voltage mutual inductor, input operational amplifier, voltage signal is converted to the converter of current signal, above-mentioned each parts connect press side signal transmission to for voltage transformer (VT) from childhood to input operational amplifier, arrive converter, arrive cable.
Described signal reduction receiver comprises current/voltage converter, output operational amplifier, the power amplifier that current signal is converted to voltage signal, connects between above-mentioned each parts press side signal transmission to being to output operational amplifier, to power amplifier from current/voltage converter.
The input ac voltage scope of described signal transmission device on the spot is divided into 0-100 volt and 0-57.7 lies prostrate two grades, and the output current signal scope is two grades of 4-20 milliampere and 0-20 milliamperes.
The input current signal of described signal reduction receiver is divided into two grades of 4-20 milliampere and 0-20 milliamperes, and output voltage is divided into alternating voltage 0-100 volt and 0-57.7 lies prostrate two grades, adapts with signal transmission device output area on the spot.
The input current signal of described signal reduction receiver is divided into two grades of 4-20 milliampere and 0-20 milliamperes, and output voltage is an alternating voltage 0-5 volt, adapts with signal transmission device output area on the spot.
The structure of described signal transmission device on the spot is, the small voltage mutual inductor is input to interchange 0 to the 5V signal that conversion obtains in the input operational amplifier that model is OP07, and input operational amplifier OP07, model are the reference voltage source of AD584 and resistance R 1, R2, Rf composition totalizer; The output terminal of input operational amplifier OP07 is received on the 11st pin of converter that model is T5150, after converter T5150 is converted to current signal with voltage signal, is exported by the 1st and 2 pins.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) adopts signal electric current and voltage conversion on the spot, pass through cable transmission, cable transmission be current signal, cable is series between transmitter and the receiver, the current signal that receiver is accepted equates with the current signal of transmitter output, be reduced to the voltage signal that equates with voltage transformer (VT) output through receiver, thereby signal is lossless in long Distance Transmission process, signal transmission precision height.
(2) transmission signals can utilize on-the-spot original cable, can save investment.
(3) when the voltage/current switch technology that adopts no CPU, device has very strong interference free performance.
(4) the device output signal both can be to exchange 0 to 100V or 0 to 57.7V voltage, also can be to exchange 0 to 5V voltage, can satisfy the various occasion needs of conventional metered dose instrument and electronic type measuring instrument.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first kind of scheme of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of second kind of scheme of the present invention;
Fig. 3 contains the CPU schematic diagram of signal transmission device on the spot;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of signal reduction receiver;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the signal transmission device on the spot of no CPU;
Number in the figure:
The 1-transmission cable; 2-contains CPU signal transmission device on the spot; 3-signal reduction receiver; 4-is signal transmission device on the spot; 5-small voltage mutual inductor; 6-CPU; The 7-analog/digital converter; The 8-input operational amplifier; The 9-digital/analog converter; The 10-current/voltage converter; The 11-output operational amplifier; The 12-power amplifier; The 13-voltage transformer (VT); The 14-converter; 15-adds reference voltage source.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of cable transmission device of voltage transformer secondary side output signal,, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail by concrete enforcement below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, secondary side output signal cable transmission device of voltage transformer by cable 1, and the front and back end contain CPU on the spot signal transmission device 2 and signal reduction receiver 3 forms, the described CPU of containing signal transmission device on the spot comprises the digital/analog converter 9 that small voltage mutual inductor 5, CPU6, analog/digital converter 7, input operational amplifier 8,4 to 20mA or 0 are exported to the 20mA electric current.Wherein the small voltage mutual inductor can be to exchange 0 to 5V voltage to the 57.7V voltage transformation with the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 of voltage transformer (VT) output, after the ratio totalizer of this signal by the operational amplifier formation, be input in the analog/digital converter, input signal be converted to 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA electric current by CPU6 control analog/digital converter 7 and reference voltage source 15.
Described signal reduction receiver 3 comprises current/voltage converter 10, output operational amplifier 11, power amplifier 12.Wherein current/voltage converter is converted to ac voltage signal with 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA current signal, this signal by the proportioner that constitutes by operational amplifier after, be input in the power amplifier, power amplifier amplifies the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 that is reduced to voltage transformer (VT) output with this input signal and arrives 57.7V voltage.This signal can be input in the secondary devices such as at present traditional measuring instrument, relay protection.
As shown in Figure 1, small voltage mutual inductor 5 (no-load voltage ratio is 100: 5 or 57.7: 5) is to exchange 0 to the 5V signal with the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 of voltage transformer (VT) 13 outputs to the 57.7V voltage transformation, exchanging 0 to 5V signal is input in the input operational amplifier 8, it is the voltage signal that analog/digital converter 7 (ADC) can receive that input operational amplifier 8 will exchange 0 to 5V signal transformation, ADC is converted to digital signal with the voltage signal of importing by CPU6 control, and additional reference voltage source 15 is input among the ADC as its reference source.Wherein ADC and additional reference voltage source can be in the CPU outside, also can be to be integrated among the CPU.After CPU obtains digital quantity, input signal is converted to 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA electric current by CPU control analog/digital converter and additional reference voltage source.By cable 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA current signal is transferred to receiving end.At receiving end, by current/voltage converter 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA current signal is converted to ac voltage signal after receiving current signal by cable, this signal by the proportioner that constitutes by output operational amplifier after, be input in the power amplifier, power amplifier amplifies the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 that is reduced to voltage transformer (VT) output with this input signal and arrives 57.7V voltage.Wherein, power amplifier can be accepted or rejected according to the measuring instrument that is connect, if the instrument that connects is the conventional metered dose instrument, needs input AC 0 to 100V or 0 to 57.7V, then keeps power amplifier.If the instrument that connects is the electronic type measuring instrument, need input AC 0 to the 5V signal, then remove power amplifier.
The signal transmission device principle is as shown in Figure 3 on the spot to contain CPU, small voltage mutual inductor (no-load voltage ratio is 100: 5 or 57.7: 5) is to exchange 0 to the 5V signal with the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 of voltage transformer (VT) output to the 57.7V voltage transformation, exchange 0 to 5V signal and be input among the input operational amplifier OP07 OP07, reference voltage source AD584 and resistance R 1, R2, Rf composition totalizer.Input operational amplifier OP07 output is received on the 18th pin of 8051F120, and 8051F120 contains inside ADC and additional reference voltage source.8051F120 is connected with AD420 by the 62nd, 61,60 pins, arrives the 20mA current signal by AD420 output 4.
Signal reduces the receiver principle as shown in Figure 4, and two lines that are connected with cable are connected on the high-accuracy resistance R w, by resistance current signal are converted to voltage signal.Be output as after the simulating signal of output amplified by output operational amplifier OP07 and resistance R 4, R5, Rg and exchange the 5V signal.This signal is input to power amplifier PA04A, and power amplifier is enlarged into it and exchanges 0 to 100V or 0 to 57.7V.
Embodiment two:
As Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 5, secondary side output signal cable transmission device of voltage transformer is made up of the signal transmission device on the spot 4 and the signal reduction receiver 3 of cable 1 and front and back end thereof.Described signal transmission device on the spot 4 comprises small voltage mutual inductor 5, input operational amplifier 8, is input as the converter 14 that AC signal is output as 4-20mA or 0-20mA current signal.Wherein the small voltage mutual inductor can be to exchange 0 to 5V voltage to the 57.7V voltage transformation with the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 of voltage transformer (VT) output, after the ratio totalizer of this signal by the operational amplifier formation, be input to be input as AC signal be output as 4 to 20mA or the converter of 0 to 20mA current signal in, output 4 to 20mA or 0 is to the 20mA current signal.
Described signal reduction receiver 3 comprises current/voltage converter 10, output operational amplifier 11, power amplifier 12 compositions.Wherein current/voltage converter is converted to ac voltage signal with 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA current signal, this signal by the proportioner that constitutes by operational amplifier after, be input in the power amplifier, power amplifier amplifies the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 that is reduced to voltage transformer (VT) output with this input signal and arrives 57.7V voltage.This signal can be input in the secondary devices such as at present traditional measuring instrument, relay protection.
As shown in Figure 2, small voltage mutual inductor 5 (no-load voltage ratio is 100: 5 or 57.7: 5) is to exchange 0 to the 5V signal with the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 of voltage transformer (VT) output to the 57.7V voltage transformation, exchanging 0 to 5V signal is input in the operational amplifier, it is the voltage signal that analog/digital converter (ADC) can receive that operational amplifier will exchange 0 to 5V signal transformation, this signal be input to be input as AC signal be output as 4 to 20mA or the converter of 0 to 20mA current signal in, input signal is converted to 4 to 20mA or 0 to the 20mA electric current.By cable 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA current signal is transferred to receiving end.At receiving end, by current/voltage converter 4 to 20mA or 0 to 20mA current signal is converted to ac voltage signal after receiving current signal by cable, this signal by the proportioner that constitutes by operational amplifier after, be input in the power amplifier, power amplifier amplifies the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 that is reduced to voltage transformer (VT) output with this input signal and arrives 57.7V voltage.Wherein, power amplifier can be accepted or rejected according to the measuring instrument that is connect, if the instrument that connects is the conventional metered dose instrument, needs input AC 0 to 100V or 0 to 57.7V, then keeps power amplifier.If the instrument that connects is the electronic type measuring instrument, need input AC 0 to the 5V signal, then remove power amplifier.
Signal transmission device 4 principles as shown in Figure 5 on the spot, small voltage mutual inductor 5 (no-load voltage ratio is 100: 5 or 57.7: 5) is to exchange 0 to the 5V signal with the interchange 0 to 100V or 0 of voltage transformer (VT) output to the 57.7V voltage transformation, exchange 0 to 5V signal and be input among the input operational amplifier OP07 OP07 and reference source AD584 and resistance R 1, R2, Rf composition totalizer.Operational amplifier OP07 output is received on the 11st pin of T5150, after T5150 is converted to the 4-20mA current signal with voltage signal, is exported by the 1st and 2 pins.
Signal reduction receiver principle is as described in the enforcement mode one.
In above-mentioned two embodiments, described signal transmission device on the spot 4, contain CPU on the spot signal transmission device 2 and signal reduction receiver 3 case respectively in the shell, in case shell outside the input and output binding post is arranged, also has hole fixing or suspension usefulness, these all belong to the those of ordinary skill technique known, do not add detailed description.
Secondary side output signal cable transmission device of voltage transformer of the present invention is applicable to the voltage transformer (VT) of various electric pressures such as 500kV, 220kV, 110kV, 35kV, 60kV, 10kV, 380V.During application, the input end of the small voltage mutual inductor 5 of this device is connected with the output terminal of voltage transformer (VT) 13 secondary sides.By with the voltage/current conversion on the spot of voltage transformer secondary side output signal,, can realize the remote lossless cable transmission of voltage transformer secondary side output signal by the cable transmission current signal.Simultaneously, current signal is reduced to interchange 0 to 100V or 0 to 57.7V voltage, uses for the conventional metered dose instrument at receiving end; Also can receiving end current signal be converted to interchange 0 to 5V voltage, power supply minor measuring instrument uses.
The long Distance Transmission of the voltage transformer secondary side output voltage signal of device of the present invention in being applied to transformer station or in the generating plant, can also be applied to other need grow voltage signal in the equipment or occasion of Distance Transmission.