CN101879890A - Test method and direct control method for optimal slip rate, and method for automatically fixing duty of traffic accident - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test method and a direct control method for an optimal slip rate, and a method for automatically fixing the duty of a traffic accident. An actual slip rate of GB/T13594-2003 baking severity Zm is first tested out; then a constant signal of deceleration of each attachment coefficient is tested out, and anti-lock brake by directly controlling a Zm constant-state optimal slip rate is realized by an electronic controller according to the self-constant signal; and according to an alternating current frequency of a wheel speed sensor and high precision of a directly controlled slip rate, the anti-lock brake in which whether to brake in time before an accident is determined and a brake distance between a collision point and a brake start point and a brake initial speed can be automatically authenticated is realized.

Description

The test method of optimal slip rate, straight control method and traffic accident from the fix duty method

The present invention be the test method of optimal slip rate, straight control method and traffic accident from the fix duty method, optimal slip rate should be: the slip rate S of two 1 performances of adhesion coefficient utilization ε=1 and sideway skid resistance=1 (given crosswise gradient road surface value of sideslip b=0) ₀".Be applied to improve the ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) performance of various self-propelled vehiclees such as automobile, motor bike, battery-driven car, be applied to improve the test level of ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) performance, be applied to improve the automatic identification level of traffic accident responsibility.

The slip rate of existing ABS peak performance is 20%, but the sideway skid resistance on ice road has only adhesion value approximately

Ground-surface 1/8 is as handle

The shortest slip rate S that does not also break away of road surface stopping distance ₀" be applied to ice the road surface, just break away easily; On the contrary: as the shortest S who does not also break away of ice road stopping distance ₀" be applied to

The road surface, stopping distance can not be the shortest just, different road conditions have different S ₀" value is with value S ₀" the difficult effect that makes various road conditions all obtain optimum.It is that up-to-standard actual effect proves that 20% slip rate of existing ABS control method gets ε 〉=0.75: neither the slip rate S of ε=1 ₀', neither actual slip rate S ₀, more be not optimal slip rate S ₀".Existing ABS can not carefully discern because of various adhesion value real-time change, and the slip rate less stable is not so have automatic evaluation function to traffic accident responsibility less than not possessing yet.

The object of the invention: realize the two 1 performance slip rate S of straight control ₀" ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and S ₀" test method; Can also realize that traffic accident responsibility is had certain ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) of identifying function automatically.

The slip rate S of ε=1 ₀' test method

In the formula:

Z _m---current required standard: the rate of braking that gets ε=1;

S ₀'---Z _mDynamic slip rates such as value equivalence;

S _T'---Z _mThe value initial speed of braking is to the stopping distance that stops.

S ₀" test method: on the various road surfaces of the standard road surface and the given crosswise gradient, by formula (1) S ₀' carry out multiple vehicle velocity V (for example 40,50,100km/h) braking to stopping, measure S respectively ₀' and stopping distance S _T'; Carry out various again

Road surface S ₀Test is regulated in the increase and decrease of ' value; Carry out the test determination of the enough number of times of the various speed of a motor vehicle again; Leave out the test number of b＞0, the aviation value S of the legal number of times of selected stopping distance minimum from more number of times _T" and analog value S ₀' aviation value S ₀".

This aviation value S ₀", promptly be the optimal slip rate of two 1 performances, S _T" promptly be the stopping distance of optimal slip rate.

S before average ₀' maxim and minimum value, promptly be S ₀" ± franchise.

Sideway skid resistance also can not have obviously by certain speed of a motor vehicle, certain braking in a turn test, and sideslip is a standard.

Straight control S ₀" antilock braking method: various vehicles utilize different effect of inertias that the different adhesion valuies of glancing impact are produced in specific gravity part (P), overcome certain spring force reach and produce corresponding displacement (S ₁) (S ₂) ... when the force of inertia of (P) part reached with the spring force balance, (S) stroke promptly stopped, and (S) arbitrary halt point of stroke promptly is that the deceleration/decel self-identifying of real-time adhesion value is from definite value, from definite value electricity consumption signal input electronic controller, controller is promptly according to this signal (S this ₁) or (S ₂) or ... the comparison of sitting in the right seat

The S of respective settings ₀" the deceleration/decel slope, calculate the slip rate in arbitrary moment, when the slip rate of calculating in ± tolerance during arbitrary value: electromagnetic valve of instruction is carried out the definite value pressurize; When slip rate super franchise on the low side or bigger than normal, promptly instruct the electronics magnet valve to increase and decrease accordingly or reduce pressure and revise, in slip rate is got back to franchise during arbitrary value: electromagnetic valve of instruction is carried out the definite value pressurize again, and various like this road conditions are directly controlled S ₀" ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) promptly realize.Also can be by keeping S ₀" the corresponding high frequency of definite value unmodified is pressed to become and is realized directly controlling S ₀" ABS (Anti-lock Braking System).Because various road conditions can both realize directly controlling S ₀" definite value is so also can increase S ₀" show or S ₀" and

Read out instrument is realized the whether ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) of super franchise of direct-reading slip rate.

Traffic accident is from the fix duty method: according to S ₀" value increases following Presentation Function and corresponding structure again and realizes.

1. increase initial speed of braking V _aDefinite value shows and corresponding construction, instructs it to carry out the definite value and the demonstration of initial speed of braking by electronic controller;

2. increase that stopping distance shows and corresponding arithmetical circuit, by electronic controller instruct its finish brake initial point to accident origination point (collision point) apart from S _TBe calculated as follows with definite value and show;

S _T＝S _Tm×j×n×S ₀″(2)

In the formula: the j-wheel changes the output signal of a ° of certain angle;

S _Tm-wheel changes the travel distance of a ° of pure rolling;

N-S _TRepetition (frequency) number of times of the interior j signal of distance.

3. increase S ₀" value shows and corresponding construction.

Foundation 1., 2. the definite value of two item number certificates shows whether in time to brake, to brake the distance of initial point and collision point and the automatic evaluation of initial speed of braking before the realization accident, improves traffic accident responsibility identification level and efficient.

According to 1., 2., 3. the definite value of 3 item number certificates shows, can also carry out transparent contrast verification easily for the actual behavior of ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and the gap of design performance, for further improving and adjustment provides foundation.

Above-mentioned Presentation Function is keeping after the regular hour or during initial again driving, should be able to eliminate automatically.

Be compared with the prior art: be perfect to the reform of ABS theory and performance; Contrast inventor application number: the 2007100846335th, further improvement, the due performance figure of further clear and definite optimal slip rate can realize directly controlling can also have the ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) of optimal slip rate traffic accident responsibility and identify function automatically.

The present invention is described further in conjunction with following embodiment and embodiment accompanying drawing:

Implementing 1 is the vertical actual slip rate of wheel S ₀Have a try and test embodiment in the road.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the slip rate S that implements 1 front and rear wheel ₀₁, S ₀₂Test pattern.

Wheel straight skidding rate S ₀Test and method of calculating:

1, outside the front and back wheel sidewall, selects place's stationary pipes form point seal device garden week, point seal device touchdown point setting-in compressed sponge body, adorn not homochromy coloured liquid in the pipe respectively, by the coloured liquid of difference the painted humidification of sponge, by the test determination vehicle velocity V such as the direction of arrow emergency braking behind the certain distance that travels, road surface clearly head-stamp is pointed out the pure rolling that circles as Fig. 1 wheel and the distance of slippage is arranged.

2, measure the operating range (S in one week of front and back wheel pure rolling respectively _A1), (S _A2) and the operating range that circles when slippage is arranged of braking procedure front and back wheel (S ' _A1), (S ' _A2).Among Fig. 1:

Be that front-wheel circles and is stamped in colored spots seal mark measuring point on the road surface (◎); (●) is that trailing wheel circles and is stamped in colored spots seal mark measuring point on the road surface; (V) be the speed of a motor vehicle; (A) be the braking initial point; (B) be the braking terminal point; (S _T) be stopping distance.

The slip rate computing formula:

$S_{01}=\frac{{S^{\&prime;}}_{A1}-S_{A1}}{{S^{\&prime;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="A"\; filenames="H200910141006XE0000013.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}1}}\&times;100\%......\left(3\right)$

$S_{02}=\frac{{S^{\&prime;}}_{A2}-S_{A2}}{{S^{\&prime;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="H200910141006XE0000013.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}2}}\&times;100\%......\left(3\right)$

In the formula:

S ₀₁-front-wheel changes n cycle slip rate result of calculation and averages;

S ₀₂-trailing wheel changes n cycle slip rate result of calculation and averages;

Embodiment 2 is experimental example of wheel side sliding value (b):

Fig. 2 is the test pattern of embodiment 2 value of sideslip (b).

Among Fig. 2:

Arrow is a direction of traffic;

(L) be braking procedure when not breakking away, the line of arbitrary 3 coloured marking points is straight lines; (A ') is the sideslip initial point; (A ") is the sideslip terminal point; (C) be that the mark line that travels that breaks away is arranged; (a) be the extended line of (L) straight line; (b) be the right-angle line of value of sideslip (a) line.

Value of sideslip (b) computing formula:

Or directly measurement (b) is worth original advantage:

1, if any sideslip, vertical, value of sideslip promptly produces simultaneously, because the front and back wheel load of glancing impact changes with the speed of a motor vehicle, adhesion value, the radius that travels of wheel also produces corresponding variation, and this test method can adapt to this variation.

2, efficient: same braking distance can be tested all around vertical, the value of sideslip of each wheel simultaneously.

3, can more accurately test the sideslip initial point (A ') and the speed of a motor vehicle, adhesion value, slip rate three's data relationship.

Embodiment 3 is directly controlled optimal slip rate S ₀" embodiment.

Fig. 3 is directly controlled optimal slip rate S ₀" fundamental diagram.

Glancing impact: the different effect of inertias that different adhesion value produced are in slidable P weight member (1), and weight member (1) is under the guiding of guide (3) and (4), and the elastic force phase shift left that overcomes spring (2) should different displacement (S ₁), (S ₂) ..., this displacement promptly be the deceleration/decel of different adhesion valuies from set value signal, this signal input electronic controller (5), controller (5) promptly according to the signal of importing, is sat in the right seat and the S that should decide mutually ₀" the deceleration/decel slope calculate and check, calculate the slip rate in arbitrary moment and whether locate ± tolerance, when the slip rate of calculating be in ± franchise in during arbitrary value: controller (5) instruction three-position electromagnetic valve (6) is located the pressurize station and is carried out the definite value pressurize; When calculating slip rate when less than normal or bigger than normal: controller (5) instructs three-position electromagnetic valve (6) to enter supercharging or decompression station to increase accordingly or reduce pressure and revise, when slip rate is corrected when getting back in the franchise arbitrary value: controller (5) instructs three-position electromagnetic valve (6) to change the definite value pressurize over to, and arbitrary like this road conditions are directly controlled S ₀" ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) promptly realize.Among the figure: (7) are wheels, and (8) are that wheel speed is changeed sensor, and (9) are wheel cylinders, and (10) are master cylinders, and (11) are boiler check valve, and (12) are pumps, and (13) are electrical motors, and (14) are reservoirs, (15) coil, and (16) are voltage regulation screws, (17) are telltales.

Implementing 4 is traffic accidents from fix duty method embodiment:

Increase the corresponding arithmetical circuit and the digital display (17) of electronic controller (5), carry out definite value by the existing initial speed of braking that does not show of controller (5) instruction and show; Meanwhile: controller (5) is according to n time and the S of the a-c cycle j of wheel speed sensors (8) ₀" instantaneous value, the computing definite value that instruction is carried out stopping distance by formula (2) shows, like this based on utilize existing structure carry out very cheaply whether in time brake before accident takes place, brake initial point and collision point apart from S _TAnd the automatic evaluation of initial speed of braking promptly realizes.

Claims (4)

1. the test method of optimal slip rate, straight control method and traffic accident is characterized in that testing out earlier GB/T13594-2003 rate of braking Z from the test method of the optimal slip rate of fix duty method, straight control method _mThe actual slip rate S of attitude equivalences such as value ₀', go out not have the optimal slip rate S that breaks away on standard road surface and given crosswise gradient pavement test again ₀", again by electronic controller (5) according to the deceleration/decel of real-time adhesion value from definite value (S ₁) or (S ₂) ... signal and corresponding deceleration/decel slope, calculate the slip rate in arbitrary moment, electromagnetic valve of instruction is pressed S ₀" ± franchise is regulated the correction braking force and is realized directly controlling S ₀" ABS (Anti-lock Braking System).

2. the test method of optimal slip rate, straight control method and traffic accident is characterized in that the test method of ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) performance from the test method of fix duty method, also can directly adopt optimal slip rate S ₀" or S ₀" and S _T", also can be Z in conjunction with testing the anti-lock brake performance _m, S ₀", S _T" three in conjunction with testing the ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) performance.

By the test method of power 1 requirement described optimal slip rate, straight control method and traffic accident from the fix duty method from the fix duty method, it is characterized in that showing and the calculating of formula (2) according to the definite value of initial speed of braking, come before the generation of realization accident whether in time braking, collision point and braking initial point apart from S _TReach the ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) that the first service initial velocity can be identified automatically.

4. by the test method of the described optimal slip rate of power 1 requirement, straight control method and traffic accident ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), it is characterized in that also can having telltale (17) to realize the ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) that slip rate, initial speed of braking, stopping distance show from the fix duty method.

Images