CN101877660B - Link state monitoring and fault removing method of multi-home hosts - Google Patents
Link state monitoring and fault removing method of multi-home hosts Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a link state monitoring and fault removing method of multi-home hosts, and the method comprises the following steps: a host identification protocol (HIP) is expanded, an accessibility maintenance time parameter and two types of notification parameters with unavailable accessibility maintenance and addresses are introduced, thus enabling a host which initiates the communication and a peer host to determine timing numerical values of sending timers respectively, and in an initial stage of link state monitoring, the accessibility maintenance time parameter is used to negotiate and determine the timing numerical values of address maintenance timers respectively; in a communication process, according to the notification parameter of the accessibility maintenance type and the two negotiated timing numerical values of the sending timers and the address maintenance timers, hosts at two ends monitor the communication link state; when a fault occurs, the hosts at the two ends select different working modes and use the notification parameter of the address unavailability type and three-way shaking and updating processes of the HIP protocol to remove the fault and recover the communication, thus monitoring the link state in a multi-home scene rapidly and efficiently and removing the fault in time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of link state monitoring and troubleshooting methodology of multi-home host, this method is based on host identity protocol HIP expansion relevant parameter and comprises that other corresponding operating realizes, belongs to the technical field of computer network.
Background technology
Multi-home host is meant the main frame that in network, has a plurality of station location markers.For example, a multi-home host can pass through Ethernet interface and WLAN two class interface access networks, and can use the IP address of these two network interfaces to communicate simultaneously.This situation is called as the many locals of main frame.In addition, multi-home host can also only use a network interface access network, and still, this interface is provided services on the Internet for it by a plurality of Internet Service Providers.This multi-home host can use a plurality of IP address to communicate on this interface simultaneously.This situation is called as the many locals of website.
The sharpest edges of multi-home host are: with respect to normal hosts, it has the better link fault-tolerant ability aspect network service.When a communication link of multi-home host breaks down, can also use another link to proceed communication.The realization of multi-home host link fault-tolerant ability need depend on corresponding link status monitoring and debug machine system.Promptly need confirm: when think that current link breaks down, need to use other links to communicate; Use the original communication of alternative link-recovery more in which way.
In traditional the Internet, mainly comprise two NameSpaces of IP address and DNS domain name.Exactly because have this two NameSpaces, all just can be carried out and dispose based on the application service of the Internet smoothly.But, in recent years, along with the continuous expansion of network size, the continuous lifting of user's request and use enriching constantly of kind, the weak point of traditional NameSpace displays gradually.It is found that:, also can't fundamentally change the overweight problem of traditional the Internet load even IP address and DNS are optimized modification.Therefore; IETF has set up HIP (Host Identity Protocol) working group; Its objective is through introducing a new NameSpace---host identification NameSpace (Host Identity namespace) remedies the deficiency of traditional NameSpace of being made up of IP address and DNS domain name.The host identification NameSpace of introducing can solve transport layer and the closely-coupled defective of network layer in traditional internet architecture, and the support to services such as many locals, mobility is provided better.
The HIP agreement is a kind of new network structure that is separated based on identify label and station location marker that is proposed by IETF; Referring to Fig. 1; Introduce the network architecture of HIP agreement: it is between transport layer and network layer, to insert a new protocol layer---host identity layer (Host Identity Layer); Be positioned at the protocal layers on the host identity layer, use new identification identifier instead and substitute the identity attribute that original IP address shows main frame.Like this, the IP address only is responsible for the forwarding of packet and no longer is responsible for the sign host identities.The HIP agreement can provide a kind of safe and reliable many locals and mobility support.
Referring to Fig. 2, introduce the basic exchange process of the communicating pair of HIP agreement regulation.HIP agreement regulation; Communicating pair is before sending data; To connect through a basic exchange process of HIP (HIP BaseExchange) that comprises 4-Way Handshake earlier, and in this process, set up both sides' security association SA (SecurityAssociation), realize the Network Transmission of safety.This basic exchange process comprises following content of operation:
(1) communication initiator's main frame at first sends I1 message to the opposite end main frame, triggers exchange process, has comprised both sides' identify label in this I1 message.
(2) the opposite end main frame is received after the I1 message and to be comprised a puzzle that needs the initiator to solve (puzzle) in this R1 message to initiator's host response R1 message, and the complexity of this puzzle depends on the trusting degree of communicating pair.Initiator's main frame only behind the answer puzzle, just can be proceeded basic exchange.In addition, this R1 message also comprises the parameter of the signature and the Diffie-Hellman Diffie-Hellman of opposite end main frame.
(3) after initiator's main frame is received the R1 message of opposite end host response, to answer the puzzle that response party is sent earlier, and response party delivered in answer, enclose the parameter of initiator's signature and Diffie-Hellman Diffie-Hellman simultaneously through I2 message.
(4) after the opposite end main frame is received I2 message, the answer of inspection puzzle, the I2 message that comprises the answer of mistake puzzle will be dropped, and refusal communicates with initiator's main frame simultaneously; If the puzzle answer is correct, then the opposite end main frame calculates the Diffie-Hellman parameter, and to initiator's host response R2 message, creates security association.So just accomplished the basic exchange process of HIP, both sides all set up security association, and the subsequent communications data are then carried and encapsulation by ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload).
The HIP agreement can be divided into multiaddress establishment of connection and multiaddress and use two parts in network, having a plurality of station location markers, promptly having the management of the multi-home host of a plurality of IP address.
The HIP protocol definition how set up the process that multiaddress connects for multi-home host.Multi-home host is when setting up the basic exchange process of HIP with the opposite end main frame, and the concrete role according to multi-home host is played the part of can announce it to peer node and have the attribute of a plurality of addresses in R1 or I2 message.The HIP protocol definition a kind of address (LOCATOR) parameter, main frame can be through address parameter to its address information of opposite end main frame announcement.Therefore, in the basic exchange process of HIP,, enumerate all addresses and get final product if multi-home host to its many locals attribute of opposite end main frame announcement, only needs in R1 or I2 message, to add address parameter.Set up the multiaddress method of attachment except above-mentioned, the HIP agreement has also defined a kind of method that new address connects of in communication process, adding.This is the process of a three-way handshake scheduler, and idiographic flow is referring to shown in Figure 3: multi-home host sends to the opposite end main frame and upgrades (UPDATE) message, in this message, carries address parameter to announce its new address; After the opposite end main frame is received updating message, rebulid corresponding security association, the accessibility of the new address of simultaneous verification.After three-way handshake was accomplished, new address connects also to be set up thereupon.
Every HIP main frame all has an address set, includes the address link information of setting up with the opposite end main frame in this address set.The multi-home host corresponding address is concentrated the information that includes a plurality of addresses.Multi-home host need specify one of them address to be preferential (Perferred) address of using, and multi-home host preferentially uses this address to communicate.In addition, the HIP agreement is divided into three kinds of states with all addresses, is respectively: do not verify (UNVERIFIED) state, activation (ACTIVE) state and abandon (DEPRECATED) state.The address that is in state of activation shows accomplishes the accessibility checking, can directly use; Be in not the address of proofing state and show and do not carry out the accessibility checking as yet, just can use after having only the checking of completion; The address of abandoning state shows that this address is out of date.Be in the not address of proofing state for all, HIP protocol requirement main frame all will be verified its accessibility.In addition, for the current address that has been in state of activation, main frame also can be verified its accessibility once more, to continue to keep its state of activation.The HIP agreement is to this administrative mechanism of address set, guaranteed that the multi-home host corresponding address is concentrated to comprise an address that is in state of activation and several addresses that is in proofing state not or abandons state at least.In follow-up communication process, main frame makes it become state of activation to proofing state address validation accessibility not.Like this, in the scene of many locals, often have a more than address that is in state of activation in the address set.
Yet the realization of many locals function also needs corresponding multiaddress employment mechanism except needs multiaddress establishment of connection mechanism.Link in the multiaddress use scene is fault-tolerant to be one of great advantage of multi-home host, and it realizes then need depending on the monitoring and the debug machine system of Link State.Promptly need confirm: when think that current link breaks down, thereby select for use other links to accomplish communication; Use the original communication of alternative link-recovery more in which way.
But present HIP agreement is not all made clearly regulation for above-mentioned two parts content.Its major defect is embodied in following two aspects:
(1) according to the description of existing HIP agreement, multi-home host is with after the opposite end main frame has been set up multiaddress and has been connected, and a use link wherein communicates.When this link broke down, main frame had only the monitoring mechanism that provides through upper-layer protocol, the existence of ability perception fault.Therefore, the perception time delay of whole link failure is bigger, link fault tolerance that can't the Rapid Realization multi-home host;
(2) according to the description of existing HIP agreement, when multi-home host perception link failure, can initiate a three-way handshake renewal process again, use new address to communicating with request to the opposite end main frame; Just, multi-home host is always preferentially attempted the address that change is used himself.Yet in real communication scenes, the fault that link occurs is intricate, and fault possibly appear at any side in the main frame of communication two ends.Therefore, under the situation of link occurs fault, existing HIP agreement lack flexible communication recovery mechanism.
Though the network architecture of HIP agreement can be supported many locals function, and ensures communication safety; But existing HIP agreement is clear and definite, and multi-home host is set up the mechanism that a plurality of addresses are connected with the opposite end main frame.How to monitor for current communication link state, and when link breaks down, how to choose replacement link aspect such as fix a breakdown, all do not propose corresponding techniques strategy or measure.Therefore, the HIP agreement can't realize the link fault tolerance of multi-home host effectively.
At present, BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) agreement provides a kind of mechanism of between two communication hosts, carrying out link monitoring.Use this machine-processed two ends main frame at first will create a BFD session.In communication process, main frame periodically sends the BFD packet each other on transmission path.If a main frame is not received the BFD packet that the opposite end main frame sends for a long time, will think that transmission path breaks down.In order to reduce taking of link circuit resource, also can select between the main frame to send the BFD packet according to setting strategy.In addition, use BFD to carry out the speed that also need consult to send the BFD packet between the main frame of link detecting, to confirm the frequency of link monitoring; And the frequency of giving out a contract for a project numerical value can be according to the different situations real time modifying.
REAP (REAchability) agreement is a kind of link monitoring mechanism based on the Shim6 agreement, and its implementation procedure and BFD protocol class are seemingly.The REAP agreement depends on the detection that transmission timer Send Timer and address maintenance timer Keepalive Timer and maintain message Keepalive Message realize link failure: when main frame when the opposite end main frame sends packet; Start transmission timer; After transmission timer is overtime; If do not receive any packet, show that then fault has appearred in communication link from the opposite end main frame.When main frame is received the packet that is sent by the opposite end main frame; And when not having packet to send; Timer is safeguarded in the enabling address, and periodically sends address maintenance message with the duration of preventive maintenance time interval Keepalive Interval, to safeguard the accessibility of its current use address.The REAP agreement is that a kind of feather of BFD agreement is realized.In REAP, as a kind of BFD message, address maintenance message is used for announcing to the opposite end main frame accessibility of current use address, and, only when link idle, send address maintenance message.Like this, no matter link is in communications status or idle condition, and the opposite end main frame all should be able to receive packet.Therefore, as long as it is overtime that the timing of transmission timer has taken place, main frame just assert that fault has appearred in link.
The Reap4hip agreement also is a kind of technical scheme that in the many locals of HIP, provides link state monitoring and fault to get rid of.It is the transmission timer in the REAP agreement, address maintenance timer and maintain message all to be introduced the HIP agreement carry out link state monitoring.In addition, it has defined a kind of detection (Probe) message in the HIP agreement.After link occurs fault, use all available address to send probe message each other between the main frame, up to find new available address to till.
Yet the Reap4hip agreement and reckons without the compatibility issue of itself and existing HIP agreement in implementation procedure, and can take too much host resource and Internet resources in the method for carrying out being adopted when fault is got rid of.Its defective is mainly reflected in:
(1) maintain message that defines among the Reap4hip and probe message all are as a kind of new HIP message, rather than use as the parameter of HIP agreement.Therefore, in the implementation procedure of Reap4hip, need to revise the realization flow of current HIP agreement, introduce new signaling message and handling process.This implementation method and existing HIP agreement will certainly have problems on compatibility;
The form of the probe message that (2) defines in the Reaphip agreement is long, and detection process will to attempt all available addresses right, up to restoring communication again.This method of failure removing often need take a large amount of host resources and Internet resources.
Therefore, as the improvement project of HIP agreement, though the Reap4hip agreement provides multi-home host link state monitoring and method of failure removing,, all there is weak point in it on efficiency, compatibility and the ease for use of scheme.
In a word, the defective of above-mentioned prior art is: on the one hand, existing HIP agreement has only defined multi-home host and has set up the process that multiaddress connects, and how definition does not use multi-address process, therefore can't realize the link fault-tolerant ability effectively.On the other hand; The improvement project Reap4hip of existing HIP agreement will introduce the HIP agreement to the REAP mechanism that the Shim6 agreement proposes; Yet its maintain message that realizes being relied on and probe message all are difficult to and existing HIP agreement compatibility mutually, and its realization mechanism can increase the weight of the burden of main frame and network.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; The purpose of this invention is to provide a link state monitoring and a troubleshooting methodology based on the multi-home host of host identity protocol HIP; This method can be monitored Link State effectively; And when link breaks down, a kind of method of fixing a breakdown flexibly, efficiently being provided, feasible communication two ends main frame quick-recovery soon connects and continuation communication.The inventive method has solved the link state monitoring of multi-home host and the difficult problem that fault is got rid of preferably; Can the link fault tolerance be provided effectively for multi-home host: both solved the multiaddress use problem that the HIP agreement faces; Compatible again existing HIP agreement of while; And operating procedure is simple, realize easily, in conjunction with the characteristics of original HIP agreement, can a kind of safe, administrative mechanism efficiently be provided for multi-home host.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose; The invention provides a kind of link state monitoring and troubleshooting methodology of multi-home host; It is characterized in that: HIP expands to host identity protocol; Introduce accessibility preventive maintenance time (KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT) parameter and accessibility and safeguard the announce parameters of two types of (KEEPALIVE) and addresses unavailable (INVALID_LOCATOR); So that initiate the main frame of communication and the timing numerical value that the opposite end main frame can be confirmed transmission timer separately respectively, and, use accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter negotiation to confirm the timing numerical value of address maintenance timer separately in the starting stage of link state monitoring; In communication process, rely on accessibility and safeguard the announce parameters of type and two timing numerical value of agreed transmission timer and address maintenance timer, the two ends main frame is monitored communication link state; After breaking down; The two ends main frame is selected the different working pattern for use; Use the announce parameters of the unavailable type in address to fix a breakdown and restoring communication, thereby monitor the Link State in the scene of many locals fast and efficiently and in time fix a breakdown with the three-way handshake renewal process of HIP agreement.
The present invention is a kind of status monitoring and troubleshooting methodology of multi-home host link; This method is based on the realization of HIP agreement: in the starting stage of link state monitoring; Communication two ends main frame consults to confirm the link state monitoring parameter earlier, confirms separately transmission timer and the timing numerical value of address maintenance timer respectively; Carry out the stage in communication, the two ends main frame relies on accessibility and safeguards that the announce parameters of type and two timing numerical value of agreed transmission timer and address maintenance timer monitor communication link state; When link broke down, an end main frame of at first finding fault used the announce parameters of the unavailable type in address and the three-way handshake renewal process of HIP agreement to fix a breakdown and restoring communication through selecting for use initiatively or two kinds of passive mode of operations.The present invention has solved in the scene of many locals of current HIP agreement well, and communication two ends main frame is the current communication link state of perception and get rid of fault, promptly realize the defective of link fault tolerance effectively; And the inventive method and existing HIP agreement are compatible, also can not increase the weight of the burden of main frame and network.The whole implement process operating procedure of the inventive method is simple, easy; Make full use of original characteristics of HIP agreement, can a kind of safe, administrative mechanism efficiently be provided for multi-home host.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the network architecture sketch map of HIP agreement.
Fig. 2 is the basic exchange process sketch map of HIP agreement.
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the multi-home host link address three-way handshake renewal process of HIP agreement.
Fig. 4 (A), (B) are respectively the format chart and the explanation of field tables thereof of accessibility preventive maintenance time (KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT) parameter of HIP agreement.
Fig. 5 (A), (B) are respectively format chart and the explanation of field tables thereof that the accessibility of HIP agreement is safeguarded (KEEPALIVE) type announce parameters.
Fig. 6 (A), (B) are respectively the format chart and the explanation of field tables thereof of the address of HIP agreement unavailable (INVALD_LOCATOR) type announce parameters.
Fig. 7 is link state monitoring and the operational flowchart of troubleshooting methodology that the present invention is based on the multi-home host of HIP.
Embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the present invention is made further detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
The link state monitoring and the innovation key technology of troubleshooting methodology that the present invention is based on the multi-home host of host identity protocol HIP have two: link state monitoring and fault are got rid of.Wherein, link state monitoring mechanism is divided into again: link monitoring and address accessibility are safeguarded two aspects technology.Introduce it below respectively:
Link monitoring is that communication host is that current sessions is set up transmission timer and set its timing numerical value based on host identity layer, and with the timing numerical value announcement opposite end main frame of accessibility preventive maintenance time (KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT) parameter with its transmission timer.Transmission timer is communication host requirement opposite end main frame must be made answer in the setting-up time of timing numerical value a time set; When main frame sends packet, just start transmission timer; If in the setting-up time of transmission timer, this main frame is not received the answer of opposite end main frame, thinks then that link breaks down and gets into fault to get rid of flow process.
The address accessibility safeguards it is that communication host is that current sessions is set up the address maintenance timer and received the message that has accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter based on host identity layer; Again according to the timing numerical value of its address maintenance timer of setting value of accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter; So that in the timing time of address maintenance timer; Main frame is the cycle with preventive maintenance time duration at interval; Have HIP agreement announcement (NOTIFY) message that accessibility is safeguarded (KEEPALIVE) type announce parameters to the transmission of opposite end main frame, be used to safeguard the accessibility of its current use address.Usually, preventive maintenance time duration at interval be made as the address maintenance timer timing numerical value 1/3～1/2.The address maintenance timer is communication host must be made answer to the opposite end main frame in the setting-up time of its timing numerical value a time set.When current free of data bag sent, main frame will send and have the notice message that accessibility is safeguarded (KEEPALIVE) type announce parameters, is used to safeguard the accessibility of its current use address.After main frame received the packet from the opposite end main frame, timer was safeguarded in the enabling address; When main frame will just cut out the address maintenance timer when the opposite end main frame sends packet or address maintenance timer expiry.
Therefore, only when link idle, send and be designated the notice message that accessibility is safeguarded type.Like this, for the opposite end main frame, no matter link is in communications status or idle condition, on current link, should receive packet.Therefore, as long as it is overtime that transmission timer has taken place, main frame assert that then fault has appearred in respective links.
After the link occurs fault, an end main frame that detects fault adopts following dual mode to carry out the flow process of fault eliminating and communication recovery usually:
Aggressive mode: the main frame of the pattern that has the initiative sends HIP protocol update (UPDATE) message to the opposite end main frame after detecting fault.Carry address (LOCATOR) parameter in this updating message, identify new preferential use (Preferred) address.After the opposite end main frame is received this updating message, the preferential use address of appointment in the address parameter is made as new destination address.Then, the two ends main frame is accomplished remaining step of updating according to HIP agreement three-way handshake renewal process shown in Figure 3.After accomplishing renewal, communication two ends main frame will use new address to communicating.
In the aggressive mode, the purpose that main frame sends updating message is under the situation about having broken down at current link, seeks a new available address.In a period of time after updating message is sent, if when the transmit leg main frame is not received any answer message from the opposite end main frame, the new address of attempting before then showing can't be used.At this moment, the transmit leg main frame can select to get into Passive Mode, perhaps reselects an address as priority address, continues to send new updating message with aggressive mode work.If main frame does not find available address yet after the address all to self all carried out attempting, then main frame gets into Passive Mode.
Passive Mode: when main frame is in Passive Mode; Just from before the opposite end host address known concentrate and choose an address that is in state of activation and send the notice message of address unavailable (INVALID_LOCATOR) type announce parameters as destination address, break down to show current link.If current opposite end host address is concentrated the address that is not in state of activation, then main frame gets into aggressive mode.
If the opposite end main frame receives this notice message, then the opposite end main frame gets into aggressive mode, initiates the communication recovery process with aggressive mode.The opposite end main frame can be given tacit consent to source address/destination address in the notice message of receiving before choosing to right for new available address, and it is right also can to reselect the address according to self strategy.
The transmit leg of notice message then can select to get into aggressive mode if in a period of time, do not receive the answer from the opposite end main frame, or host address is concentrated and chosen an address that is in state of activation again from the opposite end, continues with Passive Mode work.If main frame still, does not find available address yet behind all addresses of having attempted the opposite end main frame, then main frame gets into aggressive mode.
How preferential any pattern of entering of main frame and main frame switch between two kinds of mode of operations, all are to be set up on their own according to demand by the user.The difference of two kinds of mode of operations mainly is after link occurs fault, and main frame preferentially attempts changing the address of self using still preferentially lets the opposite end main frame change the address of using.No matter two kinds of mode of operations make up in which way, and communication two ends main frame can find a new available link, continues original communication process.
In order to realize above-mentioned two key technologies, the present invention has expanded existing HIP agreement, has added new parameter; Mainly contain two kinds totally three:
A, accessibility preventive maintenance time (KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT) parameter: accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter is carried in HIP agreement R1, I2 or the updating message, in order to should Link State be monitored with which kind of temporal frequency to this communication of opposite end main frame announcement.The opposite end main frame is set the timing numerical value of its address maintenance timer according to the information in the accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter.The form of accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter and explanation are referring to shown in Figure 4; It comprises fields: the Type parameter type is 10; The Length parameter length; The timing parameter of Reserved reserved field and Keepalive Timeout address maintenance timer, its numerical value equates with the timing numerical value of the transmission timer of message sending end.
B, announcement (NOTIFICATION) parameter: in the HIP agreement, main frame uses notice message to opposite end main frame announcement related news.Use the type and the content of the announcement of announcement (NOTIFICATION) parameter indicating in the notice message.The present invention has defined accessibility and has safeguarded (KEEPALIVE) type and two announce parameters of address unavailable (INVALD_LOCATOR) type.
Main frame uses accessibility to safeguard that the announce parameters of (KEEPALIVE) type realizes safeguarding the accessibility of current use address.Accessibility is safeguarded the announce parameters form of type and is explained that it comprises fields: the Type parameter type is 832, Length parameter length, Reserved reserved field and NotifyMessage Type notice message type referring to shown in Figure 5.According to HIP agreement regulation, accessibility safeguards that the notice message types value of type announce parameters should be between 16384～65535.Under the situation that does not have packets need to send, main frame will send to the opposite end main frame and be designated the notice message that accessibility is safeguarded type, and is normal to represent current link communication.The opposite end main frame cuts out transmission timer after receiving that being designated accessibility safeguards the notice message of type.
Main frame uses the announce parameters of address unavailable (INVALD_LOCATOR) type to inform that main frame current link in opposite end breaks down.The announce parameters form of the unavailable type in address and explanation are referring to shown in Figure 6; It comprises fields: the Type parameter type is 832; Length parameter length, Reserved reserved field, Notify Message Type notice message type and NOTIFICATION DATA announcement data.According to HIP agreement regulation, the notice message types value of the unavailable type announce parameters in address should be between 0～16383, and the announcement data field is used to identify the current address that can't use.
The present invention is a kind of link state monitoring and troubleshooting methodology of multi-home host; This method is expanded host identity protocol HIP; Introduce accessibility preventive maintenance time (KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT) parameter and accessibility and safeguard the announce parameters of two types of (KEEPALIVE) and addresses unavailable (INVALID_LOCATOR); So that initiate the main frame of communication and the timing numerical value that the opposite end main frame can be confirmed transmission timer separately respectively; And, use accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter both sides to consult to confirm the timing numerical value of address maintenance timer separately in the starting stage of link state monitoring; Carry out in the process in session, rely on accessibility and safeguard the announce parameters of type and two timing numerical value of agreed transmission timer and address maintenance timer, the two ends main frame is monitored communication link state; After breaking down; The two ends main frame is through selecting the different working pattern for use; Use the announce parameters of the unavailable type in address to fix a breakdown and restoring communication, thereby monitor the Link State in the scene of many locals fast and efficiently and in time fix a breakdown with the three-way handshake renewal process of HIP agreement.Wherein the two ends main frame all is a multi-home host, and perhaps one of them end is a multi-home host.
Referring to Fig. 7, introduce following four concrete operations steps of the inventive method:
Steps A, communication two ends main frame consult to confirm the link state monitoring parameter; Accomplish the link state monitoring initialization: the timing numerical value of two ends main frame setting transmission timer separately; Consult announcement accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter again, be used to be provided with the timing numerical value of address maintenance timer separately.
This steps A comprises the following operations content:
The main frame of (A1) initiating communication is according to the timing numerical value of self its transmission timer of policy development; This transmission timer is that the main frame of initiating communication requires the opposite end main frame in the setting-up time of timing numerical value, must make the time set of answer; When this main frame sends packet, just start transmission timer; If in the setting-up time of transmission timer, this main frame is not received the answer of opposite end main frame, thinks that then link breaks down;
The main frame of (A2) initiating communication sends accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter to the opposite end main frame, and the numerical value of accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter is the timing numerical value of the transmission timer of this main frame; This accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter is to send through R1, I2 or the updating message of HIP agreement;
(A3) after the opposite end main frame is received the message that contains accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter, the timing numerical value of its address maintenance timer is set according to the numerical value of this accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter; Simultaneously, its preventive maintenance time of opposite end host setting duration at interval, this duration be its address maintenance timer timing numerical value 1/3～1/2; This address maintenance timer is that the opposite end main frame must be in the setting-up time of its timing numerical value be made the time set of answer to the main frame of initiating communication, when the opposite end main frame receives the packet from the main frame of initiating communication, safeguards timer with regard to the enabling address; And in the setting-up time of this address maintenance timer, be the cycle with preventive maintenance time duration at interval, have the notice message that accessibility is safeguarded the type announce parameters to the main frame transmission of initiating communication, be used to safeguard the accessibility of its current use address;
(A4) the opposite end main frame is according to the timing numerical value of self its transmission timer of policy development; This transmission timer is the main frame of opposite end main frame requirement initiation communication must be made answer in the setting-up time of timing numerical value a time set; Then, the opposite end main frame sends accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter to the main frame of initiating communication, and the numerical value of this accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter is the timing numerical value of its transmission timer;
(A5) after the main frame of initiation communication is received the message that contains accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter, the timing numerical value of its address maintenance timer is set according to the numerical value of this accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter; Simultaneously, initiate its preventive maintenance time of host setting duration at interval of communication; This address maintenance timer is to initiate the main frame of communication must be in the setting-up time of its timing numerical value be made time set from answer to the opposite end main frame; So far, communication two ends main frame has all been accomplished the parameter setting of transmission timer and address maintenance timer, finishes link state monitoring initialization flow process.
In step B, the communication process, communication two ends main frame sends packet to its opposite end main frame, and current Link State is monitored;
This step B comprises the following operations content:
(B1) main frame at communication two ends all starts its transmission timer after sending packet to the opposite end main frame, begins to monitor this link, promptly waits for receiving the packet that main frame returns from the opposite end; If in the setting-up time of transmission timer, main frame is not received the message that the opposite end main frame sends at this link, thinks that then this link breaks down, redirect execution in step (D); Otherwise, order execution in step (B2);
(B2) in the setting-up time of transmission timer, main frame is received the packet of opposite end main frame on current monitoring link, then closes transmission timer; At this moment, if main frame still has packet to send, then return execution in step (B1); Otherwise, order execution in step (C).
Step C, communication two ends main frame are safeguarded the accessibility of current separately use address respectively;
Said step (C) further comprises the following operations content:
(C1) main frame cuts out transmission timer after receiving packet on the current monitoring link, starts its address maintenance timer simultaneously, and the timing numerical value of this address maintenance timer (Keepalive Timeout) is accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter value; At this moment, there is not packet to send, then order execution in step (C2) as if main frame; Otherwise, redirect execution in step (C3);
(C2) main frame is the cycle with preventive maintenance time duration at interval, sends to have the notice message that accessibility is safeguarded the type announce parameters, and it is overtime that this operation will continue to implement the timing of address maintenance timer, or till receiving packet on the current link;
When (C3) main frame will send new packet, close the address maintenance timer, return execution in step (B).
Step D, break down after, detect that an end communication host that Link State makes mistakes initiates to fix a breakdown, the operating process of restoring communication.
This step D comprises the following operations content:
(D1) overtime because of the timing of transmission timer, main frame initiates to reselect available address and the operation of fixing a breakdown: according to current mode of operation, main frame selects following two kinds of patterns to fix a breakdown; If select for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, order execution in step (D2) then; If select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, then redirect execution in step (D3);
(D2) main frame selects for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, and promptly main frame is attempted the address that change is used self, and concrete operations the contents are as follows:
(D21) main frame is checked the own current available address whether other are arranged, if having, and order execution in step (D22) then; Otherwise, select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, redirect execution in step (D3);
(D22) main frame sends updating message to the opposite end main frame, and this updating message carries the address parameter of a new preferential use address of sign; After sending this updating message, host waits receives the affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end; Receive the affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end as if main frame, then order execution in step (D23); Otherwise, redirect execution in step (D24);
(D23) main frame receives the affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end, shows that the opposite end main frame confirmed the change of current address, and then the two ends main frame is accomplished remaining address step of updating according to the three-way handshake renewal process of HIP agreement regulation; After the scheduler, the two ends main frame adopts new address to communicate, and finishes to fix a breakdown flow process;
(D24) if in setting-up time, main frame is not received any answer that main frame is sent from the opposite end, shows that then the new address of trial in the step (D22) can't be used; At this moment, main frame is selected following dual mode: reselect an address as priority address, continue to select for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, promptly send new updating message, then return execution in step (D21); Perhaps select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, then order execution in step (D3).
(D3) main frame selects for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, and promptly main frame is with this link error message announcement opposite end main frame, by the address of its use of opposite end main frame change; Its concrete operations the contents are as follows:
(D31) main frame checks current opposite end host address concentrates whether the address that is in state of activation is arranged, if having, and order execution in step (D32) then; Otherwise, select for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, return execution in step (D2);
(D32) main frame from the opposite end host address concentrate and to choose an address that is in state of activation, send the notice message that has the unavailable type announce parameters in address to the opposite end main frame, inform that its current link breaks down; After sending this message, main frame begins to wait for the reception affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end; Receive this notice message as if the opposite end main frame, then order execution in step (D33); Otherwise, redirect execution in step (D34);
(D33) the opposite end main frame selects for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, i.e. the communication recovery flow process is initiated in opposite end main frame execution in step (D2) operation; Wherein, source address in the notice message that main frame acquiescence in opposite end is received before choosing and destination address are to right for new available address, and perhaps according to self strategy, it is right to reselect the address;
(D34) main frame continues to select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, and then prepares from the opposite end host address and concentrates and choose the address that another is in state of activation again, promptly returns execution in step (D31); Perhaps, main frame is abandoned Passive Mode and is selected for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, and then returns execution in step (D2).
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being made, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope that the present invention protects.
Claims (3)
1. the link state monitoring of a multi-home host and troubleshooting methodology; It is characterized in that: HIP expands to host identity protocol; Introduce accessibility preventive maintenance time (KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT) parameter and accessibility and safeguard the announce parameters of two types of (KEEPALIVE) and addresses unavailable (INVALID_LOCATOR); So that initiate the main frame of communication and the timing numerical value that the opposite end main frame can be confirmed transmission timer separately respectively; And, use accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter negotiation to confirm the timing numerical value of address maintenance timer separately in the starting stage of link state monitoring; In communication process, rely on accessibility and safeguard the announce parameters of type and two timing numerical value of agreed transmission timer and address maintenance timer, the two ends main frame is monitored communication link state; After breaking down, the two ends main frame is selected the different working pattern for use, uses the announce parameters of the unavailable type in address and the three-way handshake renewal process of HIP agreement to fix a breakdown and restoring communication; Said method comprises the following operations step:
(A) communication two ends main frame consults to confirm the link state monitoring parameter; Accomplish the link state monitoring initialization: the timing numerical value of two ends main frame setting transmission timer separately; Consult announcement accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter again, be used to be provided with the timing numerical value of address maintenance timer separately; This step comprises the following operations content:
The main frame of (A1) initiating communication is according to the timing numerical value of self its transmission timer of policy development; This transmission timer is that the main frame of initiating communication requires the opposite end main frame in the setting-up time of timing numerical value, must make the time set of answer; When this main frame sends packet, just start transmission timer; If in the setting-up time of transmission timer, this main frame is not received the answer of opposite end main frame, thinks that then link breaks down;
The main frame of (A2) initiating communication sends accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter to the opposite end main frame, and the numerical value of accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter is the timing numerical value of the transmission timer of this main frame; This accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter is to send through R1, I2 or renewal (UPDATE) message of HIP agreement;
(A3) after the opposite end main frame is received the message that contains accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter, the timing numerical value of its address maintenance timer is set according to the numerical value of this accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter; Simultaneously, its preventive maintenance time of opposite end host setting duration at interval, this duration be its address maintenance timer timing numerical value 1/3～1/2; This address maintenance timer is that the opposite end main frame must be in the setting-up time of its timing numerical value be made the time set of answer to the main frame of initiating communication, when the opposite end main frame receives the packet from the main frame of initiating communication, safeguards timer with regard to the enabling address; And in the setting-up time of this address maintenance timer; With preventive maintenance time duration at interval is the cycle; Have HIP agreement announcement (NOTIFY) message that accessibility is safeguarded the type announce parameters to the main frame transmission of initiating communication, be used to safeguard the accessibility of its current use address;
(A4) the opposite end main frame is according to the timing numerical value of self its transmission timer of policy development; This transmission timer is the main frame of opposite end main frame requirement initiation communication must be made answer in the setting-up time of timing numerical value a time set; Then, the opposite end main frame sends accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter to the main frame of initiating communication, and the numerical value of this accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter is the timing numerical value of its transmission timer;
(A5) after the main frame of initiation communication is received the message that contains accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter, the timing numerical value of its address maintenance timer is set according to the numerical value of this accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter; Simultaneously, initiate its preventive maintenance time of host setting duration at interval of communication; This address maintenance timer is to initiate the main frame of communication must be in the setting-up time of its timing numerical value be made time set from answer to the opposite end main frame; So far, communication two ends main frame has all been accomplished the parameter setting of transmission timer and address maintenance timer, finishes link state monitoring initialization flow process;
(B) in the communication process, communication two ends main frame sends packet to its opposite end main frame, and current Link State is monitored; This step comprises the following operations content:
(B1) main frame at communication two ends all starts its transmission timer after sending packet to the opposite end main frame, begins to monitor this link, promptly waits for receiving the packet that main frame returns from the opposite end; If in the setting-up time of transmission timer, main frame is not received the message that the opposite end main frame sends at this link, thinks that then this link breaks down, redirect execution in step (D); Otherwise, order execution in step (B2);
(B2) in the setting-up time of transmission timer, main frame is received the packet of opposite end main frame on current monitoring link, then closes transmission timer; At this moment, if main frame still has packet to send, then return execution in step (B1); Otherwise, order execution in step (C);
(C) communication two ends main frame is safeguarded the accessibility of current separately use address respectively; This step comprises the following operations content:
(C1) main frame cuts out transmission timer after receiving packet on the current monitoring link, starts its address maintenance timer simultaneously, and the timing numerical value of this address maintenance timer is accessibility preventive maintenance time parameter value; At this moment, there is not packet to send, then order execution in step (C2) as if main frame; Otherwise, redirect execution in step (C3);
(C2) main frame is the cycle with preventive maintenance time duration at interval, sends to have the HIP agreement notice message that accessibility is safeguarded the type announce parameters, and it is overtime that this operation will continue to implement the timing of address maintenance timer, or till receiving packet on the current link;
When (C3) main frame will send new packet, close the address maintenance timer, return execution in step (B);
(D) break down after, detect that an end communication host that Link State makes mistakes initiates to fix a breakdown, the operating process of restoring communication; This step comprises the following operations content:
(D1) overtime because of the timing of transmission timer, main frame initiates to reselect available address and the operation of fixing a breakdown: according to current mode of operation, main frame selects following two kinds of patterns to fix a breakdown; If select for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, order execution in step (D2) then; If select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, then redirect execution in step (D3);
(D2) main frame selects for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, and promptly main frame is attempted the address that change is used self; Concrete operations the contents are as follows:
(D21) main frame is checked the own current available address whether other are arranged, if having, and order execution in step (D22) then; Otherwise, select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, redirect execution in step (D3);
(D22) main frame sends updating message to the opposite end main frame, and this updating message carries the address parameter of a new preferential use address of sign; After sending this updating message, host waits receives the affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end; Receive the affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end as if main frame, then order execution in step (D23); Otherwise, redirect execution in step (D24);
(D23) main frame receives the affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end, shows that the opposite end main frame confirmed the change of current address, and then the two ends main frame is accomplished remaining address step of updating according to the three-way handshake renewal process of HIP agreement regulation; After the scheduler, the two ends main frame adopts new address to communicate, and finishes to fix a breakdown flow process;
(D24) if in setting-up time, main frame is not received any answer that main frame is sent from the opposite end, shows that then the new address of trial in the step (D22) can't be used; At this moment, main frame is selected following dual mode: reselect an address as priority address, continue to select for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, promptly send new updating message, then return execution in step (D21); Perhaps select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, then order execution in step (D3);
(D3) main frame selects for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, and promptly main frame is with this link error message announcement opposite end main frame, by the address of its use of opposite end main frame change; Concrete operations the contents are as follows:
(D31) main frame checks current opposite end host address concentrates whether the address that is in state of activation is arranged, if having, and order execution in step (D32) then; Otherwise, select for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, return execution in step (D2);
(D32) main frame from the opposite end host address concentrate and to choose an address that is in state of activation, send the notice message that has the unavailable type announce parameters in address to the opposite end main frame, inform that its current link breaks down; After sending this message, main frame begins to wait for the reception affirmation message that main frame returns from the opposite end; Receive this notice message as if the opposite end main frame, then order execution in step (D33); Otherwise, redirect execution in step (D34);
(D33) the opposite end main frame selects for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, i.e. the communication recovery flow process is initiated in opposite end main frame execution in step (D2) operation; Wherein, source address in the notice message that main frame acquiescence in opposite end is received before choosing and destination address are to right for new available address, and perhaps according to self strategy, it is right to reselect the address;
(D34) main frame continues to select for use Passive Mode to fix a breakdown, and then prepares from the opposite end host address and concentrates and choose the address that another is in state of activation again, promptly returns execution in step (D31); Perhaps, main frame is abandoned Passive Mode and is selected for use aggressive mode to fix a breakdown, and then returns execution in step (D2).
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the main frame of said initiation communication and opposite end main frame all are multi-home hosts, and perhaps wherein an end is a multi-home host.
3. method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said accessibility preventive maintenance time (KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT) parameter format comprises fields: the Type parameter type is 10; The Length parameter length, the timing parameter of Reserved reserved field and Keepalive Timeout address maintenance timer, its numerical value equates with the timing numerical value of the transmission timer of message sending end;
Said accessibility safeguards that (KEEPALIVE) type announce parameters form comprises fields: the Type parameter type is 832, Length parameter length, Reserved reserved field and Notify Message Type notice message type; According to HIP agreement regulation, accessibility safeguards that the HIP agreement notice message types value of type announce parameters should be between 16384～65535;
Said address unavailable (INVALD_LOCATOR) type announce parameters form comprises fields: the Type parameter type is 832; The Length parameter length; The Reserved reserved field, Notify Message Type notice message type and NOTIFICATION DATA announcement data; According to HIP agreement regulation, the notice message types value of the unavailable type announce parameters in address should be between 0～16383, and the announcement data field is used to identify the current address that can't use.
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