CN101876039A - Aluminum alloy-pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy-pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101876039A CN101876039A CN2010102203144A CN201010220314A CN101876039A CN 101876039 A CN101876039 A CN 101876039A CN 2010102203144 A CN2010102203144 A CN 2010102203144A CN 201010220314 A CN201010220314 A CN 201010220314A CN 101876039 A CN101876039 A CN 101876039A
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Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum alloy-pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material has the advantages of high wave adsorption and excellent damping performance. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, low production cost and suitability for industrial production. The composite material uses aluminum alloy as a substrate on which pumice and vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt compounds are distributed, the particle size of the compounds is 0.5-1mm; and the aluminum alloy substrate comprises the following chemical components in weight percentage: 2%-5% of Mg, 0.001%-0.005% of Co, 0.01%-0.05% of Ga, 0.5%-1% of Si and the balance of Al.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, relate to a kind of aluminum alloy-pumice, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material and preparation method thereof and preparation method thereof.
Two, background technology
Belong at present in the material field, the suction ripple damping effect of material has been subjected to attention.
CN200410023374.1 relates to a kind of aluminium base absorbing material and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: adopt direct current or one step of alternating-current or two-step anodic oxidization method to form multiaperture pellumina on aluminum or aluminum alloy plate top layer, make aluminium-based porous alumina formwork, i.e. the AAO template; Adopt direct current or pulsed current electrochemical deposition in aluminium base AAO porous-film, to assemble the magnetic Nano array of metal lines, make the aluminium base absorbing material of top layer assemble in situ magnetic Nano linear array.The shortcoming of this method is a requirement technical difficulty height.
CN200910071958.9 proposes ceramic whisker/ferromagnetic metal composite wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof, and it relates to a kind of electromagnetic-power-absorbing composite and preparation method thereof that is used for.The ceramic whisker that the surface is coated with ferromagnetic metal coating is that 300～400 ℃, heat-treating atmosphere are thermal treatment 60 minutes under the condition of hydrogen or argon gas in temperature, promptly gets ceramic whisker/ferromagnetic metal composite wave-absorbing material.The shortcoming of this method is that ceramic whisker surface is coated with ferromagnetic metal coating, and ferromagnetic metal easily comes off in the processing.
CN200810219444.9 discloses a kind of preparation method of particle reinforced damping porous nickel-titanium memory alloy based composite material.Adopt the step powder sintering; the silicon or the alumina particle of nickel, titanium metal powder and controlled material are pressed into green compact behind the uniform mixing by a certain percentage; silicon grain or alumina particle account for 5～15% of green compact weight, take step type of heating Integratively sintering and make matrix material.The shortcoming of this material is that absorbing property is poor.
Three, summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly at above-mentioned technological deficiency, and a kind of aluminum alloy-pumice, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material are provided, this matrix material absorbing property height, and have superior damping capacity.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of aluminum alloy-pumice, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material, and this preparation method's technology is simple, and production cost is low, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material, this matrix material are matrix with the aluminium alloy, and the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture that distributing on matrix, the particle of mixture are 0.5-1mm; The following chemical components in percentage by weight of this alloy matrix aluminum: Mg is 2%～5%, and Co is 0.001%～0.005%, and Ga is 0.01%～0.05%, and Si is 0.5%-1%, and all the other are Al.
The pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture is that float stone and vermiculite pore surface are covered with one deck barium ferric oxide cobalt, and the thickness of barium ferric oxide cobalt layer is 0.1-10 μ m film.
A kind of preparation method of Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
A. float stone, the preparation of vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture: iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride and ferrous ammonium sulphate are packed in the hydro-thermal container of being with teflon lined, (adding less water to dissolving gets final product) is dissolved in water, reinstall float stone and vermiculite, vermiculite granule is of a size of 0.1-0.4mm, the float stone particulate is of a size of 0.5-1mm, vermiculite and pumiceous weight ratio are 1: (1-2), stir above material and reach 2-7min, four kinds of material iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride, the weight ratio of ferrous ammonium sulphate and pumice-vermiculite is 1: 1-2: 1: 1-2, and naturally cooling just obtains the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture after will stirring baking oven that thing places 220 ℃ after stir finishing and being incubated 3h;
B. the preparation of titanium fiber: to contain Cu be 0.003%-0.09% to percentage by weight, and Sm is 0.003%-0.09%, and all the other are prepared burden for Ti, and raw material places fusing in the riser pipe that has heating unit and forms iron alloy liquid, and temperature of fusion is 1780-1800 ℃; The riser pipe bottom is set with plunger, plunger can move along riser pipe is upper and lower under power set drives, liquid level in the riser pipe can be raised when moving on the plunger, thereby being convenient to the runner flange extracts alloy liquid, form the titanium fiber, runner adopts wheel rim that the water-cooled copper alloy runner of flange is arranged, alloy liquid contacts with the water-cooled copper alloy runner flange of rotation by riser pipe, water-cooled copper alloy runner runner flange is extracted alloy liquid, form the alloy material fiber, the linear velocity of runner flange is 19-21m/s, and the diameter of titanium fiber is 10-45 μ m; Runner is opened the runner water-cooling system before opening and changeing, and the water-cooling system inflow temperature is less than 30 ℃;
C. the cavity that with length-to-diameter ratio is the steel die of 7: 1 titanium fiber and the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture logical vacuum system in bottom of putting into heating unit then forms the mixture precast body, the weight percent that the titanium fiber accounts for the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture is 2%, and control mixture precast body accounts for the 40-50% of metal die cavity volume; Open heating unit, controlled temperature 480-520 ℃;
D. the preparation of alloy matrix aluminum: with weight percentage Mg is 2%～5%, and Co is 0.001%～0.005%, and Ga is 0.01%～0.05%, and Si is 0.5%-1%, and all the other are fused into alloy liquid for the raw material of Al under 1680-1720 ℃ of temperature;
E. open vacuum system, the relative vacuum degree of controlling in the above-mentioned steel die is-30Kpa, die temperature is controlled at 480-520 ℃, with above-mentioned alloy liquid pour into mixture precast body in the steel die cavity above, and fill with mould, aluminium alloy liquid infiltrates the gap in the mixture precast body under the vacuum pressure effect, the closing molding heating unit, and alloy liquid solidifies in mold cools down and forms Al-alloy based float stone, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared to existing technology is as follows:
Float stone among the present invention, vermiculite space are big, are easy to admit ferrite (Fe
3O
4), ferrite is in the space of float stone, vermiculite, forms float stone, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture that ferrite can not be scattered, thereby becomes matrix material and absorb electromagnetic solid material center; Iron and cobalt/cobalt oxide composite wave-absorbing absorb electromagnetic range of frequency and broaden, and effect strengthens than single ferrite.The space of float stone and vermiculite is different, holds iron and cobalt/cobalt oxide (Co
2O
3) different amts, be beneficial to electromagnetic quick decay.
Ferrite is in the space of float stone, vermiculite, not in the contact of aluminium alloy liquid, therefore can not cause the oxidation of aluminium alloy;
Si in the aluminium alloy, Co can promote aluminium alloy to combine with the interface of float stone, vermiculite.Th in the aluminium alloy can reduce the particle of aluminium alloy, improves the intensity of matrices of composite material.Solid float stone, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture can improve the compressive property of Al alloy composite.These can both improve the mechanical property of Al-alloy based float stone, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material.
The effect of titanium fiber is the intensity that improves matrices of composite material.
Alloy property of the present invention sees Table 1.
Float stone, vermiculite space are big, are easy to admit ferrite, therefore stir in the preparation and all lack heat-up time, and be with short production cycle.
Composite material preparation process is easy, and the matrix material of production has certain excellent damping performance, and absorbing property is superior simultaneously, and production cost is low, is convenient to very much suitability for industrialized production.
Four, description of drawings
The Al-alloy based float stone that Fig. 1 makes for the embodiment of the invention one, the metallographic structure of vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material.
Can see by Fig. 1 and on alloy matrix aluminum, to be distributed with float stone, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt complex body.
Five, embodiment
Below each embodiment only as explanation of the present invention, weight percent wherein all can change weight g, kg or other weight unit into.
Embodiment one:
The preparation process of the Al-alloy based float stone of the present invention, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material may further comprise the steps:
A. float stone, the preparation of vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture: iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride and ferrous ammonium sulphate are packed in the hydro-thermal container of being with teflon lined, (adding less water to dissolving gets final product) is dissolved in water, reinstall float stone and vermiculite, vermiculite granule is of a size of 0.1mm, the float stone particulate is of a size of 0.5mm, vermiculite and pumiceous weight ratio are 1: 1, stir above material and reach 2-7min, four kinds of material iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride, the weight ratio of ferrous ammonium sulphate and pumice-vermiculite is 1: 1: 1: 1, and naturally cooling just obtains the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture after will stirring baking oven that thing places 220 ℃ after stir finishing and being incubated 3h;
B. the preparation of titanium fiber: to contain Cu be 0.003%-0.09% to percentage by weight, and Sm is 0.003%-0.09%, and all the other are prepared burden for Ti, and raw material places fusing in the riser pipe that has heating unit and forms iron alloy liquid; The riser pipe bottom is set with plunger, plunger can move along riser pipe is upper and lower under power set drives, and liquid level in the riser pipe can be raised when moving on the plunger, thereby be convenient to the runner flange alloy liquid is extracted, form the titanium fiber, runner adopts wheel rim that the water-cooled copper alloy runner of flange is arranged.Alloy liquid contacts with the water-cooled copper alloy runner flange of rotation by riser pipe, and water-cooled copper alloy runner runner flange is extracted alloy liquid, forms the alloy material fiber, and the linear velocity of runner flange is 19-21m/s, and the diameter of titanium fiber is 10-45 μ m;
C. the cavity that with length-to-diameter ratio is the steel die of 7: 1 titanium fiber and the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture logical vacuum system in bottom of putting into heating unit then forms the mixture precast body, the weight percent that the titanium fiber accounts for the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture is 2%, 45% (may command mixture precast body accounts for the volume percent of matrix material thus) that control mixture precast body accounts for the metal die cavity volume; Open heating unit, controlled temperature 480-520 ℃.
D. the preparation of alloy matrix aluminum: with weight percentage Mg is 2%, and Co is 0.001%, and Ga is 0.01%, and Si is 0.5%, and all the other are raw material for aluminium, are fused into alloy liquid under 1680-1720 ℃ of temperature;
E. open vacuum system, the relative vacuum degree of controlling in the above-mentioned steel die is-30Kpa, die temperature is controlled at 480-520 ℃, with above-mentioned alloy liquid pour into mixture precast body in the steel die cavity above, and fill with mould, aluminium alloy liquid infiltrates the gap in the mixture precast body under the vacuum pressure effect, the closing molding heating unit, and alloy liquid solidifies in mold cools down and forms Al-alloy based float stone, vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material.
Embodiment two:
A. the preparation of pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture: vermiculite and pumiceous weight ratio are 1: 2 in the pumice-vermiculite mixture, vermiculite granule is of a size of 0.4mm, the float stone particulate is of a size of 1mm, and the weight ratio of iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride, ferrous ammonium sulphate and pumice-vermiculite mixture is 1: 2: 1: 2
C. controlling the volume ratio that the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture accounts for matrix material is 40-50%,
D. the weight percentage Mg of al alloy component is 5%, and Co is 0.005%, and Ga is 0.05%, and Si is 1%, and all the other are aluminium.
Its preparation process is with embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
A. the preparation of pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture: vermiculite and pumiceous weight ratio are 1: 1.5 in the pumice-vermiculite mixture, vermiculite granule is of a size of 0.3mm, the float stone particulate is of a size of 0.7mm, the weight ratio of iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride, ferrous ammonium sulphate and pumice-vermiculite mixture is 1: 1.5: 1: 1.5
C. controlling the volume ratio that the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture accounts for matrix material is 40-50%,
D. the weight percentage of al alloy component is that Mg is 4%, and Co is 0.004%, and Ga is 0.03%, and Si is 0.7%.
Its preparation process is with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: (proportioning raw materials is the example in ratio range of the present invention not)
A. the preparation of pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture: vermiculite and pumiceous weight ratio are 1: 0.7 in the pumice-vermiculite mixture, vermiculite granule is of a size of 0.07mm, the float stone particulate is of a size of 0.4mm, the weight ratio of iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride, ferrous ammonium sulphate and pumice-vermiculite mixture is 1: 0.9: 1: 0.8
C. controlling the volume ratio that the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture accounts for matrix material is 40-50%,
D. the weight percentage of al alloy component is that Mg is 1%, and Co is 0.00095%, and Ga is 0.009%, and Si is 0.4%.
Its preparation process is with embodiment one.
Embodiment five: (proportioning raw materials is the example in ratio range of the present invention not)
A. the preparation of pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture: vermiculite and pumiceous weight ratio are 1: 2.1 in the pumice-vermiculite mixture, vermiculite granule is of a size of 0.5mm, the float stone particulate is of a size of 1.2mm, the weight ratio of iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride, ferrous ammonium sulphate and pumice-vermiculite mixture is 1: 2.1: 1: 2.1
C. controlling the volume ratio that the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture accounts for matrix material is 40-50%,
D. the weight percentage of al alloy component is that Mg is 5.2%, and Co is 0.006%, and Ga is 0.06%, and Si is 1.2%.
Its preparation process is with embodiment one.
Following table is the alloy property synopsis of different components and proportioning:
Table 1
Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide barium matrix material, the particle size of float stone mixture is too small, has both reduced suction ripple unit, has reduced suction intensity of wave and vibration damping intensity, is unfavorable for the matrix material manufacturing again; The particle size of mixture is excessive, inhales the ripple unit and increases, and has reduced to inhale the unitary quantity of ripple in the unit matrix material volume, also is unfavorable for inhaling ripple and vibration damping.
During Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide barium Composite Preparation, vermiculite float stone quantity is too small, and iron(ic) chloride, nitrate of baryta, ferrous ammonium sulphate etc. are difficult for all entering vermiculite float stone gap, and the total ferric oxide quantity of matrix material is few, inhales a little less than the intensity of wave; Vermiculite float stone quantity is too much, be difficult for to form perfect matrix material, and the ferric oxide quantity of holding in the vermiculite float stone gap is few, inhale intensity of wave also a little less than.
During Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide barium Composite Preparation, vermiculite quantity is very few or vermiculite granule is too small, every not opening vermiculite float stone particle, be unfavorable for the infiltration of aluminium alloy liquid, vermiculite quantity is too much or vermiculite granule is excessive, can influence the mechanical property of Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide barium matrix material.
Ti in the alloy matrix aluminum, Ga, Si, Co are in the application's scope, and matrix material has good performance.These elements exceed the application's ratio range, and frangible compounds quantity is many, and aluminium alloy is difficult to be combined with vermiculite float stone interface, and the mechanical property of titanium alloy self reduces, and also reduces the wave absorbtion and the vibration damping of matrix material greatly.
Claims (2)
1. Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material, this matrix material is a matrix with the aluminium alloy, the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture that distributing on matrix, the particle of mixture are 0.5-1mm; The following chemical components in percentage by weight of this alloy matrix aluminum: Mg is 2%～5%, and Co is 0.001%～0.005%, and Ga is 0.01%～0.05%, and Si is 0.5%-1%, and all the other are Al.
2. the preparation method of an Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
A. float stone, the preparation of vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture: iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride and ferrous ammonium sulphate are packed in the hydro-thermal container of being with teflon lined, be dissolved in water, reinstall float stone and vermiculite, vermiculite granule is of a size of 0.1-0.4mm, the float stone particulate is of a size of 0.5-1mm, vermiculite and pumiceous weight ratio are 1: (1-2), stir above material and reach 2-7min, four kinds of material iron(ic) chloride, cobalt chloride, the weight ratio of ferrous ammonium sulphate and pumice-vermiculite is 1: 1-2: 1: 1-2, and naturally cooling just obtains the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture after will stirring baking oven that thing places 220 ℃ after stir finishing and being incubated 3h;
B. the preparation of titanium fiber: to contain Cu be 0.003%-0.09% to percentage by weight, and Sm is 0.003%-0.09%, and all the other are prepared burden for Ti, and raw material places fusing in the riser pipe that has heating unit and forms iron alloy liquid, and temperature of fusion is 1780-1800 ℃; Alloy liquid contacts with the water-cooled copper alloy runner flange of rotation by riser pipe, and water-cooled copper alloy runner runner flange is extracted alloy liquid, forms the alloy material fiber, and the linear velocity of runner flange is 19-21m/s, and the diameter of titanium fiber is 10-45 μ m; Runner is opened the runner water-cooling system before opening and changeing, and the water-cooling system inflow temperature is less than 30 ℃;
C. the cavity that with length-to-diameter ratio is the steel die of 7: 1 titanium fiber and the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture logical vacuum system in bottom of putting into heating unit then forms the mixture precast body, the weight percent that the titanium fiber accounts for the pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt mixture is 2%, and control mixture precast body accounts for the 40-50% of metal die cavity volume; Open heating unit, controlled temperature 480-520 ℃;
D. the preparation of alloy matrix aluminum: with weight percentage Mg is 2%～5%, and Co is 0.001%～0.005%, and Ga is 0.01%～0.05%, and Si is 0.5%-1%, and all the other are fused into alloy liquid for the raw material of Al under 1680-1720 ℃ of temperature;
E. open vacuum system, the relative vacuum degree of controlling in the above-mentioned steel die is-30Kpa, die temperature is controlled at 480-520 ℃, with above-mentioned alloy liquid pour into mixture precast body in the steel die cavity above, and fill with mould, aluminium alloy liquid infiltrates the gap in the mixture precast body under the vacuum pressure effect, the closing molding heating unit, and alloy liquid solidifies in mold cools down and forms Al-alloy based pumice-vermiculite-iron oxide cobalt composite material.
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