CN101873182A - Fast multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module - Google Patents
Fast multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module Download PDFInfo
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- CN101873182A CN101873182A CN201010202284A CN201010202284A CN101873182A CN 101873182 A CN101873182 A CN 101873182A CN 201010202284 A CN201010202284 A CN 201010202284A CN 201010202284 A CN201010202284 A CN 201010202284A CN 101873182 A CN101873182 A CN 101873182A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of a radio frequency wireless receiving machine, in particular to a fast multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module, which mainly comprises three parts: a restructurable wave filter, a window function generator and an analog correlation module, wherein the restructurable wave filter carries out wave filtering on signals, inhabits the adjacent frequency band energy, and determines the frequency spectrum resolution to be detected, the window function generator generates window function wave forms required by signal processing, and the analog correlation model correlates the signal wave forms with the window function wave forms, and carries out integral quantification to obtain results. Compared with a multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing method based on the window function regulation frequency spectrum resolution, the invention adds the restructurable wave filter for advanced wave filtering before the window function correlation, breaks through the middle point relationship of the detection time and the frequency spectrum resolution, improves the detection precision, reduces the detection time, and can realize the free regulation of the frequency spectrum resolution on the premise without increasing the detection time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless radiofrequency receiver technical field, be specifically related to a kind of multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module (multi-resolution spectrum sensing) that is applied to realize in the cognitive radio quick perceptional function.The wireless communication transmissions chip that can be used for technical standards such as mobile communication, wireless broadband network and wireless data transmission.
Background technology
Along with the information-intensive society rapid economy development, people constantly increase the demand of mobile communication and broadband wireless access business, and it is precious further that radio spectrum resources also just seems.Therefore, how to improve the utilance of frequency spectrum, be exactly the main task of wireless communication field research all the time.In recent years along with development of Communication Technique and market competition are fierce day by day, the trend that fixing and mobile communication business fusion mutually, telecommunications and IT business are merged mutually is more obvious.Main starting point is exactly: the bandwidth of cable network is unlimited; And the bandwidth of wireless network is limited; Because available radio spectrum resources is very limited, along with The development in society and economy, radio spectrum resources will be nervous more.
In order to solve wireless frequency spectrum this problem in short supply, people have introduced this notion of cognitive radio.The introducing of cognitive radio is based on this fact, if promptly examine the frequency spectrum occupancy in all kinds of regions that comprise the suburb closely, some frequency bands are unappropriated in most times; And being part-time, the other frequency band occupied; The other frequency band is then by intensive use.With the simulated television is example, and the primary bandwidth of China's TV signal is 8MHz.And on VHF and uhf band, wireless videocast has taken the frequency spectrum resource of hundreds of MHz.That is to say, the program of dozens of channel can be provided.But, in overwhelming majority area, only tens of the TV programme that actual use wireless mode transmits.Most of TV programme all is transferred to the user by the cable TV mode.This has just caused a large amount of frequency spectrum resource wastes.The situation in short supply and that spectrum utilization is uneven of frequency spectrum resource makes dynamic spectrum insert, be that unauthorized user can use its frequency band that is not using under not to the prerequisite that the authorized user generation is disturbed, become possibility, also become the needs that improve the availability of frequency spectrum.
The important need of cognitive radio is to find out the frequency spectrum user mode, and what realize this function is exactly frequency spectrum sensing module.The frequency spectrum perception system requirements: as the cognition wireless telecommunication of unauthorized user, its prerequisite of using certain frequency range is the communication that does not influence this frequency range authorized user.This just need be to the rapid and reliable detection of spatial frequency spectrum so.Even it is very faint that reliability shows as the signal amplitude of authorized user, also can reliably it be detected, prevent the Communication Jamming of cognition wireless telecommunication to authorized user.Reliability needs frequency spectrum perception can reach sufficiently high detection accuracy.Show as fast when carrying out the cognition wireless telecommunication, can whether enter this frequency range to authorized user, in time frequency range is returned to main user with the time supervision of enough weak points.Need frequency spectrum perception to survey fast and consume the least possible detection time.Only depend on single frequency spectrum sensing method can't reach the requirement of cognitive radio for frequency spectrum perception.So generally adopting quick perception and meticulous perception collaborative work carries out.Sensing module is found out each frequency band energy size distribution situation by the quick perception to the spatial frequency spectrum energy fast, can obtain candidate's frequency range by this preliminary result.In these alternative frequency spectrums, take meticulous cognitive method, it is further surveyed, determine whether these frequency bands exist the signal of authorized user.Requirement for quick perception is exactly can be with very short time sweep whole frequency, and the detection time of single-point will be seldom.
For the realization of quick perception, generally have two types implementation method, the one, Digital Implementation is carried out the energy assessment to it after the receiver analog to digital converter.Another kind is that simulation realizes, utilizes analog module that spectrum energy is quantized.Adopt the multi-resolution spectrum sensing perception method in the quick detection of analog domain realization to frequency spectrum in the document [1], compare digital energy detection method, it can realize real-time spectrum detection, and hardware spending is also smaller relatively.This design adopts window function to come input signal is got window, utilizes the method that changes the window function bandwidth to obtain the change of spectral resolution.
Detection time is most important for frequency spectrum perception, and for the cognitive radio users of unauthorized user, its communication must not influence the use of authorized user.At first, when cognitive radio users inserts frequency spectrum, must the behaviour in service of entire spectrum be scanned, the neutral of seeking frequency spectrum inserts, if it is very short to carry out the time of frequency spectrum perception, cognitive radio users can in time be carried out communication so on the one hand, and the time that is used for transfer of data on the other hand will obtain prolonging.Then, when cognitive radio users adopted certain frequency range to carry out the signal transmission, if authorized user need use this frequency range, cognitive radio users must in time return to authorized user with this frequency range.So, carry out frequency spectrum perception in the necessary interim time-out transfer of data of cognitive radio users.If so the compression frequency spectrum perception time, can obtain longer data transmission period.Generally the perception for frequency spectrum is made of quick perception and meticulous perception two parts, if reducing detection time in the perception fast, these times offer meticulous perception and can obtain higher reliability so.The speed of detection that general simulation realizes is faster than Digital Implementation, for the multiresolution cognition technology in the document [1] based on window function, when needed spectral resolution is meticulousr, its detection time sharply increases, and that is to say its detection time and surveys the relation that the frequency spectrum precision exists mutual restriction.If the frequency band broad of required detection, so whole detection time will become very long.If can break the compromise between detection time and the detection frequency spectrum precision, so just can effectively reduce detection time.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module that is used for the quick perceptional function of cognitive radio, require its dynamic range big, detecting period is few, the free adjustment of spectral resolution height and spectral resolution.
Document [1] structure as shown in Figure 1, it has the shortcoming that conditions each other of speed of detection and spectral resolution based on the window function structure.In order to obtain sufficiently high spectrum detection precision, need to increase the duration of window function, also be the processing time.The present invention is directed to conditioning each other of speed of detection and spectral resolution, propose the extra restructural filter that increases signal is carried out the pre-filtering processing, solve this problem.
The multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module of the present invention design, its structure as shown in Figure 2, frequency spectrum sensing module mainly is made up of four parts: receiving front-end: low noise amplifier, frequency mixer and frequency synthesizer, with interested frequency range down-conversion; The restructural filter carries out filtering to signal, suppresses the successive bands energy, the spectral resolution that decision will be surveyed; The window function generator produces the needed window function waveform of signal processing; The simulation correlation module, signal waveform is relevant with the window function waveform, and obtain the result after carry out integration amountization.
Receiving front-end is by low noise amplifier (LNA), and frequency mixer (Mixer) is formed with frequency synthesizer (LO), and it is with the band information down-conversion of required detection.Frequency spectrum sensing module can independently have receiving front-end, also can share front end with the receiver signal path.
The restructural filter is in order to suppress the energy of successive bands.Filter can make low pass, the logical or high pass of band.Regulate its cut-off frequency, centre frequency, the pass band width parameter can select to quantize the size of band bandwidth, also promptly can freely select spectral resolution.
The window function generator is made up of RAM, digital to analog converter and frequency overlapped-resistable filter, the waveform of storage window function among the RAM, digital to analog converter is by reading the data in RAM, be converted to simulation window function signal, with image signal and clock feedthrough elimination, produce level and smooth window signal waveform through frequency overlapped-resistable filter.
The simulation correlation module is by multiplier, and integrator and DC maladjustment are eliminated circuit and formed.Multiplier will be after down-conversion spectrum signal and the window function signal multiplication that produces by the window function generator, quantize to obtain the energy information of frequency spectrum then through integration.DC maladjustment is eliminated circuit in order to eliminate the DC deviation that multiplier and integrator circuit mismatch cause.
From the signal processing angle, the present invention has at first realized will needing to survey frequency spectrum shift to the zero intermediate frequency place to surveying moving of frequency range frequency spectrum, and this is realized by frequency synthesizer and frequency mixer.After the down-conversion, signal and window function multiply each other, and integration has then been realized two functions simultaneously then, and one is filter function, and one is quantization function.Filter function is meant the energy of measuring frequency spectrum in the certain bandwidth range of certain frequency, and the energy that bandwidth is outer gives filtering, and this filter function has also determined spectral resolution.Quantization function then is that the spectrum energy with this point is quantified as voltage, is converted into digital quantity by the low analog to digital converter that requires, to obtain the spectrum energy of this point.Move by the segmentation to whole frequency, filtering after the quantification, obtains the spectrum information of entire spectrum.
Signal waveform is relevant with window function, promptly be to utilize window function that received signal f (t) is blocked, and window function to block the direct influence that effect brings be exactly spread spectrum (main lobe width), in received signal f (t), differ less than the spectrum component of main lobe width corresponding to two frequencies and in the frequency spectrum of truncated signal, can't distinguish.Spread spectrum has determined the spectral resolution that frequency spectrum perception can reach.The spread spectrum of truncated signal (also being main lobe width) is inversely proportional to signal duration, and it can use formula (1) expression:
Δ t and Δ ω are respectively signal energies on the time domain and the expansion on the frequency domain, and σ is the standard deviation of window function, and the constant C of different window function correspondence is not quite similar, and uses c1, and c2 represents.This spread spectrum that causes of blocking can be regarded the filtering characteristic of window function as.When changing the duration of window function, just can change the filtering characteristic of window function, as shown in Figure 3.The window function duration is long more, and then spread spectrum is more little, and the frequency component far away of institute's frequency measurement point is suppressed manyly more relatively, and spectral resolution is higher.The structure of document [1] has utilized this characteristic to realize the control of spectrum detection precision, but has also caused conditioning each other of speed of detection and spectral resolution simultaneously.In order to obtain sufficiently high spectrum detection precision, need to increase the duration of window function, also be the processing time.
The present invention is directed to conditioning each other of speed of detection and spectral resolution, propose the extra restructural filter that increases signal is carried out the pre-filtering processing, solve this problem.In Fig. 3, when utilizing window function to change spectral resolution, need to change detection time.And the filtering characteristic that utilizes filter suppresses the bandwidth interference of contiguous frequency spectrum outward, just do not need purely in order to improve spectral resolution, and the increase detection time has been broken the tradeoff of detection time and spectral resolution like this, has brought the performance of speed of detection significantly to promote.When needs increased the spectrum detection precision, the cut-off frequency of only regulating filter can obtain, and also can obtain by the exponent number that changes filter for the inhibition degree of adjacent band frequency range.
So, just can significantly reduce the used time of surveying.Total detection time is made up of change-over time and frequency spectrum perception time two parts of frequency synthesizer, corresponding to the time of frequency spectrum perception processing section, can use formula (2) expression:
Fresolu represents spectral resolution, and Tprocess represents the processing time, relies on the filter effect of window function, and Tprocess is proportional to 1/fresolu, and it can increase with fresolu is meticulous; Increased filter, corresponding to different fresolu, Tprocess only need be regular time.Fig. 4 compares two kinds of methods, and abscissa is a spectral resolution, and ordinate is the perception processing time.If when surveying the 400MHz band limits, corresponding different spectral resolutions, two kinds of methods provide the corresponding different perception processing time.Increase with the spectral resolution quadratic power according to (window function filtering) the frequency spectrum perception time of the method in [1] document, when detection resolution reaches 1MHz, total detection time reaches a few tens of milliseconds, improve back (filter filtering) detection time and only increase linear increasing because of surveying frequency, all the time be controlled in 1 millisecond, reduced total quick detecting period greatly.Survey total time can reduce this extra time that obtains; Alleviate for frequency synthesizer requirement locking time; Offer meticulous perception to obtain higher reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 tradition is known structural representation based on the multi-resolution spectrum sensing of window function.
Fig. 2 modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
The schematic diagram of the outstanding improvement of Fig. 3 the design.
Fig. 4 detection time relatively.
Fig. 5 frequency spectrum perception is surveyed dynamic range.
Fig. 6 adjacent band interference suppressioning characteristic.
Embodiment
The modified model multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module (Fig. 2) of the present invention's design adopts TSMC 0.13 μ m technology.With the frequency spectrum sensing module of this structure, adopt 0.13um RF CMOS 1P6M technology, emulation tool is Cadence SpectreRF, supply voltage is 1.2V.
Utilize front end low noise amplifier, the frequency mixer down-conversion shared with receiver to survey frequency spectrum, handle for signal after the down-conversion then.Frequency spectrum sensing module mainly is made up of three parts: the restructural filter, signal is carried out filtering, and suppress the successive bands energy, the spectral resolution that decision will be surveyed; The window function generator produces the needed window function waveform of signal processing; The simulation correlation module, signal waveform is relevant with the window function waveform, and obtain the result after carry out integration amountization.
Band energy at spatial frequency spectrum 500MHz to 600MHz is surveyed, and corresponding 1MHz precision is surveyed with every frequency 1 μ s detection time.Simulation result is as follows
| The fast multiresolution perception | |
| Index parameter | Simulation result (NOM Corner) |
| Supply voltage | ??1.2V |
| Dynamic range | ??31dB |
| The adjacent band suppresses | ??32dB |
| Spectral resolution | ??1MHz |
| Single-frequency point detection time | ??1us |
| Dc power | ??30mW |
Wherein the partial simulation result can be referring to Figure of description 4 to Fig. 6.
List of references
[1].Park?J，Song?T，Hur?J，et?al.A?Fully?Integrated?UHF-Band?CMOS?ReceiverWith?Multi-Resolution?Spectrum?Sensing(MRSS)Functionality?for?IEEE?802.22Cognitive?Radio?Applications[J].IEEE?Journal?of?Solid-State?Circuits，2009，44(1)：258-268.
Claims (1)
1. a fast multiresolution frequency spectrum sensing module is characterized in that, comprises receiving front-end, restructural filter, window function generator and simulation correlation module successively; Wherein:
Described receiving front-end is by low noise amplifier, and frequency mixer and frequency synthesizer are formed, and it is with the band information down-conversion of required detection; To this receiving front-end, described frequency spectrum sensing module is perhaps shared with the receiver signal path for independently to have;
Described restructural filter is in order to suppress the energy of successive bands; Filter makes low pass, and the logical or high pass of band is regulated its cut-off frequency, centre frequency, pass band width parameter, selects to quantize the size of band bandwidth, also promptly freely selects spectral resolution;
Described window function generator is made up of RAM, digital to analog converter and frequency overlapped-resistable filter, the waveform of storage window function among the RAM, digital to analog converter is read the data in RAM, be converted to simulation window function signal, through frequency overlapped-resistable filter, with image signal and clock feedthrough elimination, produce level and smooth window signal waveform;
Described simulation correlation module is eliminated circuit by multiplier, integrator and DC maladjustment and is formed; Multiplier will be after down-conversion spectrum signal and the window function signal multiplication that produces by the window function generator, quantize to obtain the energy information of frequency spectrum then through integration; DC maladjustment is eliminated circuit in order to eliminate the DC deviation that multiplier and integrator circuit mismatch cause.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107438951A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-12-05 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Window function processing module |
| CN113156994A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-23 | 湖南翰坤实业有限公司 | Unmanned fighter cooperative combat control system |
| CN113156993A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-23 | 湖南翰坤实业有限公司 | Multi-unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative combat intelligent command control system |
| CN116996138A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 成都市智讯联创科技有限责任公司 | Multi-resolution carrier signal detection method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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2010
- 2010-06-17 CN CN201010202284A patent/CN101873182A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107438951A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-12-05 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Window function processing module |
| CN107438951B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2020-12-15 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Window function processing module |
| CN113156994A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-23 | 湖南翰坤实业有限公司 | Unmanned fighter cooperative combat control system |
| CN113156993A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-23 | 湖南翰坤实业有限公司 | Multi-unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative combat intelligent command control system |
| CN116996138A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 成都市智讯联创科技有限责任公司 | Multi-resolution carrier signal detection method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20101027 |