CN101873172B - Millimeter wave generating device based on optic-fiber ring resonator and method thereof - Google Patents

Millimeter wave generating device based on optic-fiber ring resonator and method thereof Download PDF

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CN101873172B
CN101873172B CN2010102065089A CN201010206508A CN101873172B CN 101873172 B CN101873172 B CN 101873172B CN 2010102065089 A CN2010102065089 A CN 2010102065089A CN 201010206508 A CN201010206508 A CN 201010206508A CN 101873172 B CN101873172 B CN 101873172B
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polarisation
polarization maintaining
intensity modulator
millimeter
frequency
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CN101873172A (en
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杨波
金晓峰
章献民
池灏
郑史烈
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a millimeter wave generating device based on an optic-fiber ring resonator and a method thereof. The optic-fiber ring resonator is formed by connecting a semiconductor optical amplifier, a 1*2 polarization maintaining coupler, a Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator, a three-port polarization maintaining circulator, a polarization maintaining fiber grating and a polarization maintaining optical delay line in sequence, the output of the optic-fiber ring resonator obtained through the other output end of the 1*2 polarization maintaining coupler is connected with a high-speed photoelectric detector through an optical comb filter with an adjustable wavelength, and when the Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator modulates a microwave source with the frequency being fm, and millimeter wave signals with the being 4fm are generated at the radio-frequency output end of the high-speed photoelectric detector through controlling the DC offset voltage of the Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator and the length of the fine-tuning polarization maintaining optical delay line. The invention has the advantages of high millimeter-wave efficiency, compact structure, stable operation, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like.

Description

A kind of millimeter-wave generating device and method thereof based on fiber annular resonant cavity
Technical field
The present invention relates to millimeter wave optical fiber communication and millimeter wave optics and generate the field, relate in particular to a kind of millimeter-wave generating device based on fiber annular resonant cavity and method thereof.
Background technology
Radio over fiber (ROF) is the communication technology that a kind of radio communication combines with optical communication, signal is loaded on the light carrier by subcarrier multiplexing, by optical fiber link wireless signal is assigned to each base station (BS) from central station, again base station signal is transmitted back central station (CS).Along with people's requirement more and more higher to message transmission rate, the bandwidth of wireless signal has expanded to millimeter wave band, especially the 60GHz frequency range.Because the restriction of electronic bottleneck produces in electric territory and there is a series of drawback in the processing millimeter-wave signal, such as high loss, extra phase noise, expensive high-gain amplifier etc.Process millimeter-wave signal on the light territory and have the time-bandwidth product height, crosstalking between circuit and the equipment is little, and phase noise is low, the advantages such as anti-electromagnetic interference, and can with the natural coupling of ROF chain-circuit system, reduce the cost of system.The appearance of broadband, powerful photodetector becomes possibility so that the photon method produces millimeter-wave signal, and can substitute traditional electronics RF signal generator.
Up to now, photonic propulsion generation millimeter-wave signal can be divided into 3 classes basically in the world.Be respectively: (1) carries out beat frequency to the lasing light emitter of two phase place lockings, and implementation method comprises optical injection-locked and light phase locking.The lasing light emitter of the essential narrow linewidth of this method, system cost is too high.(2) utilize the four wave mixing effect of optical fiber or photosemiconductor amplifier, the reference microwave signal is carried out up-conversion, the shortcoming of this method is that the threshold value of four wave mixing effect is very high, and the variation of external environment causes system unstable easily.(3) utilize the realization of light external modulator to frequency multiplication and the quadruple of reference microwave signal, this technology is widely adopted in ROF of today system, but it is powerful with reference to microwave signal that the shortcoming of this technology is that system needs, the efficient that produces millimeter-wave signal is lower, the unnecessary noise of having introduced extra microwave amplifier and having caused thus.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that existing photonic propulsion produces the millimeter-wave signal method, a kind of millimeter-wave generating device and method thereof of the stability and high efficiency based on fiber annular resonant cavity is provided.
Millimeter-wave generating device based on fiber annular resonant cavity comprises semiconductor optical amplifier, 1 * 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre optical coupler, mach zhender intensity modulator, microwave source, D.C. regulated power supply, three ports guarantor polarisation circulator, polarization-maintaining fiber grating, guarantor's polarisation delay line, wavelength tunable light comb filter, high-speed photodetector; Semiconductor optical amplifier and 1 * 2 is protected the polarisation coupler and is linked to each other, 1 * 2 protects a wherein output and the mach zhender intensity modulator of polarisation coupler, the first port that three ports are protected the polarisation circulator links to each other successively, the second port that three ports are protected the polarisation circulator links to each other with polarization-maintaining fiber grating, the 3rd port and guarantor's polarisation delay line, semiconductor optical amplifier links to each other successively, consist of a fiber annular resonant cavity, exported by the fiber annular resonant cavity that 1 * 2 another output of protecting the polarisation coupler obtains, link to each other with high-speed photodetector through wavelength tunable light combed filter device, the mach zhender intensity modulator is f in frequency mThe situation of microwave source modulation under, protect the polarisation delay line length by dc offset voltage and the fine setting of control mach zhender intensity modulator, obtaining frequency in the radio-frequency (RF) output end of high-speed photodetector is 4f mMillimeter-wave signal.
Millimeter wave method for generation based on fiber annular resonant cavity is: in the fiber annular resonant cavity of being protected polarisation coupler, mach zhender intensity modulator, three ports guarantor polarisation circulator, polarization-maintaining fiber grating and guarantor's polarisation delay line formation by semiconductor optical amplifier, 1 * 2, providing the output light of the semiconductor optical amplifier of optical signal gain to enter the mach zhender intensity modulator by 1 * 2 delivery outlet of protecting the polarisation coupler, is f through frequency mThe light of microwave source modulation from the delivery outlet output of mach zhender intensity modulator, protect the polarisation delay line by arriving after the optical band pass filter that is consisted of by three ports guarantor's polarisation circulator and polarization-maintaining fiber grating, reenter semiconductor optical amplifier through the light of protecting the delay of polarisation delay line, fiber annular resonant cavity output by 1 * 2 another output of protecting the polarisation coupler obtains enters high-speed photodetector through wavelength tunable light combed filter device; Be f when the mach zhender intensity modulator is subject to frequency mMicrowave source when modulation, regulate the length of protecting the polarisation delay line, so that frequency f m=(k+1/2) f c, wherein k is integer, the chamber of fiber annular resonant cavity is f frequently c=nc/L, n are the effective refractive indexs of fiber annular resonant cavity, and L is that the chamber of fiber annular resonant cavity is long, and fiber annular resonant cavity works in Quadratic Rational and counts the harmonic mode locking state, and it is 2f that 1 * 2 output port of protecting the polarisation coupler obtains repetition rate mLight pulse sequence, regulation direct-current bias voltage makes the mach zhender intensity modulator be operated in the max transmissive point, repetition rate is 2f mThe energy of light pulse sequence maximum, amplitude is the most balanced, repetition rate is 2f mLight pulse sequence in be spaced apart 4f mSpectrum arrive high-speed photodetector by the wavelength tunable light comb filter, high-speed photodetector carries out photoelectric conversion to light signal, occurrence frequency is 4f mMillimeter-wave signal.
Compare with the current the most general method based on light external modulator generation millimeter-wave signal, have benefited from the locked mode effect of fiber annular resonant cavity, the present invention has improved quadruple efficient, and the power of required microwave reference signal is lower, has reduced the cost of system.Compact conformation of the present invention, job stability is high, and is good with millimeter wave optical fiber communication system compatibility, has broad application prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the structural representation of the millimeter-wave generating device of fiber annular resonant cavity;
Fig. 2 is that light pulse is in the spectrum diagram of fiber annular resonant cavity delivery outlet;
Fig. 3 is the transmission curve figure of the adjustable combed filter device of wavelength;
Among the figure: solid arrow represents the optical sideband that sees through, and dotted arrow represents the optical frequency of filtered device filtering;
Fig. 4 is that light pulse is through the spectrum diagram after the filter;
Fig. 5 is the spectrum diagram of the millimeter-wave signal of generation;
Among the figure: semiconductor optical amplifier 1,1 * 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre optical coupler 2, mach zhender intensity modulator 3, microwave source 4, D.C. regulated power supply 5, three ports are protected polarisation circulator 6, polarization-maintaining fiber grating 7, are protected polarisation delay line 8, wavelength tunable light comb filter 9, high-speed photodetector 10.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, the millimeter-wave generating device based on fiber annular resonant cavity comprises semiconductor optical amplifier 1,1 * 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre optical coupler 2, mach zhender intensity modulator 3, microwave source 4, D.C. regulated power supply 5, three ports guarantor polarisation circulator 6, polarization-maintaining fiber grating 7, protects polarisation delay line 8, wavelength tunable light comb filter 9, high-speed photodetector 10; Semiconductor optical amplifier 1 and 1 * 2 is protected polarisation coupler 2 and is linked to each other, 1 * 2 protects a wherein output and the mach zhender intensity modulator 3 of polarisation coupler 2, the first port that three ports are protected polarisation circulator 6 links to each other successively, the second port that three ports are protected polarisation circulator 6 links to each other with polarization-maintaining fiber grating 7, the 3rd port and guarantor's polarisation delay line 8, semiconductor optical amplifier 1 links to each other successively, consist of a fiber annular resonant cavity, exported by the fiber annular resonant cavity that 1 * 2 another output of protecting polarisation coupler 2 obtains, link to each other with high-speed photodetector 10 through wavelength tunable light combed filter device 9, mach zhender intensity modulator 3 is f in frequency mThe situation of microwave source 4 modulation under, protect polarisation delay line 6 length by dc offset voltage and the fine setting of control mach zhender intensity modulator 3, obtaining frequency in the radio-frequency (RF) output end of high-speed photodetector 10 is 4f mMillimeter-wave signal.
Millimeter wave method for generation based on fiber annular resonant cavity is: protected polarisation coupler 2, mach zhender intensity modulator 3, three ports guarantor polarisation circulator 6, polarization-maintaining fiber grating 7 by semiconductor optical amplifier 1,1 * 2 and protecting in the fiber annular resonant cavity of polarisation delay line 8 formations, providing the output light of the semiconductor optical amplifier 1 of optical signal gain to enter mach zhender intensity modulator 3 by 1 * 2 delivery outlet of protecting polarisation coupler 2, is f through frequency mThe light of microwave source 4 modulation from the delivery outlet output of mach zhender intensity modulator 3, protect polarisation delay line 8 by arriving after the optical band pass filter that is consisted of by three ports guarantor's polarisation circulator 6 and polarization-maintaining fiber grating 7, reenter semiconductor optical amplifier 1 through the light of protecting 8 delays of polarisation delay line, fiber annular resonant cavity output by 1 * 2 another output of protecting polarisation coupler 2 obtains enters high-speed photodetector 10 through wavelength tunable light combed filter device 9; Be f when mach zhender intensity modulator 3 is subject to frequency mMicrowave source 4 modulation the time, regulate the length of protecting polarisation delay line 8, so that frequency f m=(k+1/2) f c, wherein k is integer, the chamber of fiber annular resonant cavity is f frequently c=nc/L, n are the effective refractive indexs of fiber annular resonant cavity, and L is that the chamber of fiber annular resonant cavity is long, and fiber annular resonant cavity works in Quadratic Rational and counts the harmonic mode locking state, and it is 2f that 1 * 2 output port of protecting polarisation coupler 2 obtains repetition rate mLight pulse sequence, regulation direct-current bias voltage makes mach zhender intensity modulator 3 be operated in the max transmissive point, repetition rate is 2f mThe energy of light pulse sequence maximum, amplitude is the most balanced, repetition rate is 2f mLight pulse sequence in be spaced apart 4f mSpectrum arrive high-speed photodetectors 10 by wavelength tunable light comb filter 9,10 pairs of light signals of high-speed photodetector carry out photoelectric conversion, occurrence frequency is 4f mMillimeter-wave signal.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
When 1, the prevention at radio-frequency port of modulator did not add the microwave source signal, the optical fiber ring resonant cavity worked in the state of single wavelength laser output, and centre wavelength is the reflection wavelength of fiber grating, is made as f 0, the operating current of adjusting semiconductor optical amplifier can be controlled the power that single wavelength laser is exported.The electric field of single wavelength laser can be expressed as:
E(t)＝E 0exp(j2πf 0t+jθ)
E wherein 0The amplitude of electric field, f 0With θ be respectively frequency and the initial phase of electric field
2, regulate the voltage of direct-flow voltage regulation source, make the mach zhender intensity modulator work in the maximum point transmission state, suppress the generation of odd number sideband.Apply microwave source signal f m, centre frequency is f 0Light when passing through modulator for the first time, increased f 0+ 2f mAnd f 0-2f mTwo optical sidebands, they have identical initial phase with centre wavelength.In order to guarantee f 0+ 2f mAnd f 0-2f mTwo optical sidebands keep and carrier wave f move a week in the chamber after 0Same phase place is regulated the length of protecting the polarisation delay line, so that f m=(q+1/2) f c, fiber annular resonant cavity works in Quadratic Rational and counts the harmonic mode locking state, and at this moment, two optical sidebands can further produce side frequency f by the modulation of microwave source 0+ 4f mAnd f 0-4f m, move in circles, increasing optical sideband f is just arranged in the chamber 0± 2nf m, n is integer.These optical sidebands and light carrier are referred to as longitudinal mode, and the three dB bandwidth of fiber grating reflectance spectrum and the multiplication factor of semiconductor optical amplifier determine the quantity of longitudinal mode in the chamber.As long as the gain of longitudinal mode in the chamber is greater than loss, these longitudinal modes just stably run in the fiber resonance cavity, and it is 2f that 5 longitudinal mode coherent superposition that produce in this example form repetition rate mLight pulse.Light pulse is seen accompanying drawing 2 in the spectrum diagram of fiber annular resonant cavity delivery outlet.The electric field expression of these light pulses is:
E p ( t ) = Σ n = - 2 2 E n exp [ j 2 π ( f 0 + 2 n f m ) t + jθ ) ]
E wherein 0The electric field amplitude of light carrier, E in addition nThe electric field amplitude of n optical sideband.
3, repetition rate is 2f mLight pulse from fiber annular resonant cavity, export, enter the adjustable combed filter device of wavelength.The centre wavelength of adjusting wavelength is adjustable combed filter device is so that the wavelength of one of them minimum transmission power point is identical with the centre wavelength of laser in the fiber annular resonant cavity.Thus, to have selected frequency be f to the adjustable combed filter device of wavelength 0± 2f mOptical sideband, the optical electric field after the filtering can be expressed as:
E L(t)＝E 1exp[j2π(f 0±2f m)t+jθ)]
The transmission curve figure of wavelength is adjustable combed filter device sees accompanying drawing 3, and light pulse is seen accompanying drawing 4 through the spectrum diagram after the filter.
4, the high-speed photodetector among the present invention is the envelope response, and responsive bandwidth is greater than 4f m, the photoelectric current of photodetector output can be expressed as:
I(t)＝ηE L(t)·E L *(t)＝2ηE 1 2+2ηE 1 2cos(8πf mt)
Wherein η is the responsiveness of photodetector, is generally 0.6A/W, and the rightmost first of following formula represents the DC component of photoelectric current, and second portion namely is that the frequency that detection obtains is 4f mMillimeter-wave signal.The spectrum diagram of millimeter-wave signal is seen Fig. 5.

Claims (1)

1. the millimeter-wave generating device based on fiber annular resonant cavity is characterized in that comprising semiconductor optical amplifier (1), 1 * 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre optical coupler (2), mach zhender intensity modulator (3), microwave source (4), D.C. regulated power supply (5), three ports guarantor polarisation circulator (6), polarization-maintaining fiber grating (7), protects polarisation delay line (8), wavelength tunable light comb filter (9), high-speed photodetector (10); Semiconductor optical amplifier (1) links to each other with 1 * 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre optical coupler (2), a wherein output of 1 * 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre optical coupler (2) and mach zhender intensity modulator (3), the first port that three ports are protected polarisation circulator (6) links to each other successively, the second port that three ports are protected polarisation circulator (6) links to each other with polarization-maintaining fiber grating (7), the 3rd port and guarantor's polarisation delay line (8), semiconductor optical amplifier (1) links to each other successively, consist of a fiber annular resonant cavity, the fiber annular resonant cavity output that is obtained by another output of 1 * 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre optical coupler (2), link to each other with high-speed photodetector (10) through wavelength tunable light comb filter (9), mach zhender intensity modulator (3) is f in frequency mThe situation of microwave source (4) modulation under, polarisation delay line (8) length is protected in dc offset voltage and fine setting by control mach zhender intensity modulator (3), and obtaining frequency in the radio-frequency (RF) output end of high-speed photodetector (10) is 4f mMillimeter-wave signal.
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