CN101873171B - Control device and method of delay interferometer of DPSK (Differential Phase Shift Keying)/DQPSK (Differential Quadrature-Phase Shift Keying) module - Google Patents
Control device and method of delay interferometer of DPSK (Differential Phase Shift Keying)/DQPSK (Differential Quadrature-Phase Shift Keying) module Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses control device and method of a delay interferometer of a DPSK (Differential Phase Shift Keying)/DQPSK (Differential Quadrature-Phase Shift Keying) module. The control device mainly comprises a microcontroller unit, a drive circuit unit and an optical power sampling unit, wherein the microcontroller unit is used for outputting electrical signals according to a set time interval and a stepping interval, receiving an output value of the optical power sampling unit and calculating the specific value of the output value; the drive circuit unit is used for processing the output signals of the microcontroller to guarantee that the control voltages of the delay interferometer correspond to the output signals of the microcontroller one to one; if the output signals of the microcontroller are changed, the control voltages of the delay interferometer are correspondingly changed, and the values do not exceed the range of the control voltages; and the optical power sampling unit is used for converting two paths of optical power output by the delay interferometer into corresponding electrical signals and outputting the electrical signals to the microcontroller. The control device simplifies a peripheral hardware circuit, adopts a mode of combining hardware and software, and is easy to realize, stable and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the modulation technique of optical communication, relate in particular to a kind of differential phase keying (DPSK) (DPSK)/differential quadrature phase keying (DQPSK) (DQPSK) module delay interferometer control device and method.
Background technology
The DPSK modulation technique utilizes the phase information of adjacent light carrier wave to transmit signal, and than traditional on-off keying coding mode, DPSK has the sensitivity advantage of 3dB, and has the higher non-linearity tolerance limit, is widely used in long-distance optical fiber communication at present.
Fig. 1 receives the link schematic diagram for existing 40G DPSK/DQPSK module, as shown in Figure 1, the DPSK/DQPSK module of 40G adopts the mode that directly detects, and receive path comprises delay interferometer (Delay-line interferometer), balanced reciver and demultiplexing unit.The light DPSK modulation signal that delay interferometer will receive changes into light intensity signal, and balanced reciver changes into serial electric signal with light signal.Demultiplexing unit changes into serial electric signal the interface signal of SFI5 standard.Delay interferometer must be controlled, make the centre frequency of incoming signal be positioned at the crest frequency that delay interferometer is interfered phase longer transmission curve, like this, delay interferometer two delivery outlets (interfere long mutually mouth and interfere the mouth that disappears mutually) Output optical power differs maximum, is beneficial to the judgement of balanced reciver.There is frequency shift (FS) Δ f in the crest frequency of longer transmission curve if the centre frequency of incoming signal is interfered mutually with delay interferometer, the cost that will cause Optical Signal To Noise Ratio (OSNR) to reduce." Optical Phase-Shift-Keyed Transmission " (JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL.23, NO.1 with reference to A.H.Gnauck, JANUARY 2005), this article points out, when frequency shift (FS) be data rate 4% the time, the OSNR cost is 1dB.The delay interferometer transmission curve is seen Fig. 2, and as shown in Figure 2, solid line is represented delay interferometer interference phase longer transmission curve, and dotted line represents to interfere the transmission curve that disappears mutually.The difference on the frequency of interfering long mutually curve two adjacent peak values is the self-resonant frequency (FSR) of delay interferometer.
Delay interferometer comprises heater (Heater), and this heater is used for the crest frequency that the control lag interferometer is interfered phase longer transmission curve, makes the centre frequency of incoming signal be positioned the crest frequency that delay interferometer is interfered phase longer transmission curve.Change the control voltage of heater, thereby change the refractive index in delay interferometer internal latency path, and then the optical path difference of inner two light paths of change delay interferometer, change phase difference, finally eliminate delay interferometer and interfere the crest frequency of phase longer transmission curve and the shifted by delta f of incoming signal centre frequency.Phase error δ=2 π Δ fT
d, T
dBe the time of delay of delay interferometer inside two light paths.When phase difference is 0 or during π, phase error δ is 0, has eliminated the influence of frequency shift (FS) Δ f.So the control of delay interferometer changes the control voltage of delay interferometer exactly, the phase difference that makes the two ways of optical signals that delay interferometer inside interferes is 0 or π.Interfere this moment and grow (disappearing) mouthful Output optical power maximum mutually, another port is interfered (length) mouthful Output optical power minimum that disappears mutually.
At publication number is that CN1798121A, name are called in the Chinese invention patent application of " differential phase shift keying demodulator and demodulation method ", disclosed a kind of control method of traditional delay interferometer, as shown in Figure 3, by the output of heater control device and the output of local oscillator are applied on the heater, consequent heat changes the temperature of heated arm, makes that the phase mismatch between two arms produces slight concussion.This vibration is fluctuateed by the long mutually mouthful power spectrum of exporting of the interference l that is positioned at interferometer and is reflected.It is just or negative that phase relation between envelope detection circuit output signal and the local oscillator has been indicated the mismatch of delay interferometer.If phase relation is a homophase, then increase the output level of control circuit for heater; If anti-phase, then reduce the output level of heating control circuit.If the output level of envelope detection circuit does not vibrate with local oscillator frequencies, show that then delay interferometer adjusted to optimum Working, this moment, the output level of control circuit for heater was a constant.Here, the frequency of local oscillator is selected, and is traditionally arranged to be several hertz or less than 1 hertz.The heat that control voltage produces through several seconds delay of zero crossing, just can have influence on the variation of delay interferometer phase place.In order to make oscillator signal effective, its cycle should be longer than delay interferometer causes phase change owing to heating time-delay.
But this method needs local oscillator signal generator, band pass filter, envelope detector, phase comparator, its peripheral circuit more complicated, and low-frequency local oscillator wherein is difficult to realize, and be subject to the interference of external noise signal.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device and method, by designing a simple peripheral control circuit, realization makes the centre frequency of incoming signal be positioned the crest frequency that delay interferometer is interfered phase longer transmission curve to stable, the delay control reliably of module interferometer.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device comprises delay interferometer (4) and balanced reciver (5), and this control device also comprises micro controller unit (1), drive circuit unit (2) and luminous power sampling unit (3); Wherein, micro controller unit (1) outputs voltage signal to drive circuit unit (2), drive circuit unit (2) links to each other with the heating resistor (41) of described delay interferometer (4), and described delay interferometer (4) links to each other with described micro controller unit (1) with luminous power sampling unit (3) by balanced reciver (5) successively; The interference of described delay interferometer (4) is exported light signal and is interfered mouthful output light signal input balanced reciver (5) that disappears mutually for long mutually mouthful, be converted to the signal of telecommunication, passing through luminous power sampling unit (3) more respectively carries out feeding back to described micro controller unit (1) at last with doubly amplifying; Described luminous power sampling unit (3) comprises first amplifying circuit (31) and second amplifying circuit (32), described first amplifying circuit (31) links to each other with described micro controller unit (1) respectively with second amplifying circuit (32), first amplifying circuit (31) amplifies and interferes the proportional signal of telecommunication of long mutually Output optical power, and second amplifying circuit (32) amplifies and interferes the proportional signal of telecommunication of Output optical power that disappears mutually; First amplifying circuit (31) output valve that micro controller unit (1) calculating is received and the ratio of second amplifying circuit (32) output valve, corresponding a series of delay interferometer control signals, obtain a series of ratio by micro controller unit (1), find out maximum ratio, the voltage of delay interferometer is set to the voltage of maximum ratio correspondence;
Described drive circuit unit (2) comprises integrating circuit (21), drive circuit (22), sample resistance (23) and amplifying circuit (24); Wherein, the microcontroller (11) of described micro controller unit (1) links to each other with described integrating circuit (21), pass through described drive circuit (22) then successively and link to each other with described sample resistance (23), described sample resistance (23) is in series with heating resistor (41); Described amplifying circuit is connected in parallel between the described sample resistance (23), then output signal is fed back to described integrating circuit (21).
Wherein, described micro controller unit (1) further comprises microcontroller (11).
Described micro controller unit (1) further comprises the adaptive resistance (12) that links to each other with described microcontroller (11).
Described luminous power sampling unit (3) further comprises first amplifying circuit (31) and second amplifying circuit (32), and described first amplifying circuit (31) links to each other with the microcontroller (11) of described micro controller unit (1) respectively with second amplifying circuit (32).
The output valve of described microcontroller (11) is corresponding one by one with the output voltage values U of described delay interferometer, and shown in the following formula of its corresponding relation:
U=I×R×R1/（A×R2）；
Wherein, U is the control voltage of delay interferometer (4), and I is the output current of microcontroller (11), A is the amplification coefficient of amplifying circuit (24), R is the resistance of heating resistor (41), and R1 is the resistance of adaptive resistance (12), and R2 is the resistance of sample resistance (23).
A kind of control method of DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device, this method comprises:
Micro controller unit (1) outputs voltage signal to drive circuit unit (2), drive circuit unit (2) links to each other with the heating resistor (41) of described delay interferometer (4), makes the output voltage values of described micro controller unit (1) corresponding one by one with the voltage at described delay interferometer heating resistor (41) two ends; When micro controller unit (1) according to certain time interval and stepped intervals output voltage signal, can obtain the voltage signal of the identical time interval and stepped intervals in described heating resistor (41); To each voltage signal, the long mutually Output optical power Pc of the interference of delay interferometer (4) is with to interfere mouthful Output optical power Pd that disappears mutually also corresponding different, described balanced reciver (5) becomes the signal of telecommunication with Pc with the Pd conversion of signals, pass through luminous power sampling unit (3) again and carry out the amplification of identical multiple, make the self-corresponding luminous power of two path signal and each corresponding proportional; Described micro controller unit (1) receives the output valve of described luminous power sampling unit (3), and calculating is through the voltage ratio of the two path signal of luminous power sampling unit (3), corresponding a series of delay interferometer control signals, can access a series of ratio by micro controller unit (1), find out maximum, the voltage of delay interferometer (4) is set to the voltage of described maximum ratio correspondence.
Wherein, described a series of delay interferometer control signal, for obtaining by the control voltage that increases stepping, correspondingly, judge whether this control signal voltage surpasses predetermined threshold value, if be no more than, then correspondingly the two path signal of luminous power sampling unit output is sampled and the control voltage of ratio calculated and record correspondence; If surpass predetermined threshold value, then finish this process, and the control voltage of delay interferometer be set to the magnitude of voltage of corresponding maximum ratio.
DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device provided by the present invention and method have the following advantages:
In the control voltage range of delay interferometer, carry out voltage scanning, to different control voltage, the luminous power of delay interferometer two delivery outlets can change, write down the ratio of the delay interferometer two-way Output optical power of each control voltage correspondence, the control voltage of delay interferometer is set to the voltage of corresponding maximum luminous power ratio.When delay interferometer two-way Output optical power ratio is maximum, show that the centre frequency of incoming signal is positioned the crest frequency that delay interferometer is interfered phase longer transmission curve.The peripheral circuit of control device of the present invention is simple, is applicable to the control of DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer, compared with prior art, this control device has simplified the peripheral hardware circuit, and the mode that adopts hardware and software to combine is easy to realize, and reliable and stable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 receives the link schematic diagram for existing 40G DPSK/DQPSK module;
Fig. 2 is the delay interferometer transmission curve;
Fig. 3 is a kind of traditional controlling schemes schematic diagram of existing delay interferometer;
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of delay interferometer control device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the control method schematic flow sheet of delay interferometer control device of the present invention;
The eye pattern schematic diagram of Fig. 6 latter two delivery outlet of control device of the present invention for delay interferometer adopts.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiments of the invention method of the present invention is described in further detail.
Basic thought of the present invention is: the control circuit of this invention control device, comprise micro controller unit, drive circuit unit, luminous power sampling unit etc., described microcontroller produces signal according to certain time interval (this time interval must greater than the phase adjusted time of delay interferometer) and stepped intervals, through behind the drive circuit unit, on the control pin of delay interferometer, obtain a series of control voltage (this control voltage is no more than the maximum controlling voltage of delay interferometer), control voltage also is according to certain time interval and stepped intervals, and should the time interval identical with the time interval of microcontroller output signal.The Output optical power of the corresponding one group of delay interferometer of each control voltage, microcontroller this two-way luminous power of sampling, and ratio calculated are found out maximum ratio, and the delay interferometer control voltage of this maximum ratio correspondence is Optimal Control voltage.
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of delay interferometer control device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device of the present invention mainly comprises micro controller unit 1, drive circuit unit 2, luminous power sampling unit 3, delay interferometer 4 and balanced reciver 5.Wherein,
Micro controller unit 1 further comprises microcontroller 11 and adaptive resistance 12.
Luminous power sampling unit 3 further comprises first amplifying circuit 31, second amplifying circuit 32, be respectively applied for the amplification two path signal, this two path signal is interfered long mutually mouthful Output optical power (Pc) and is interfered mouthful Output optical power (Pd) that disappears mutually to be directly proportional with delay interferometer respectively.
The self-resonant frequency of delay interferometer 4 (FSR) is 66.7GHz, comprises heating resistor (heater) 41, interferes long mutually delivery outlet 42 and interferes the delivery outlet 43 that disappears mutually.Wherein, the resistance of heater41 remains unchanged in 0～75 ℃ of scope Celsius substantially.
Because among the present invention, microcontroller 11 is output as current signal, and integrating circuit 21 be input as voltage signal, so need adaptive resistance 12.Here, also can adopt the microcontroller that is output as voltage signal, thereby omit adaptive resistance.
Described microcontroller 11 is according to certain time interval and stepped intervals output current signal, and this current signal enters into integrating circuit 21 behind adaptive resistance 12; Constitute closed loop circuit by integrating circuit 21, drive circuit 22, sample resistance 23 and amplifying circuit 24, sample resistance is connected with heater41, and the control voltage (voltages at heater41 two ends) of output valve with the delay interferometer of microcontroller 11 is corresponding one by one.Its corresponding relation is:
The formula one of U=I * R * R1/(A * R2)
Wherein: U is the control voltage of delay interferometer 4, and I is the output current or the voltage of microcontroller 11, and A is the amplification coefficient of amplifying circuit 24, and R is the resistance of heater41, and R1 is the resistance of adaptive resistance 12, and R2 is the resistance of sample resistance 23.
After the value of parameter I, A, R, R1 and R2 in the formula one was selected, control voltage U and output current I were linear, and promptly the output valve of microcontroller 11 is corresponding one by one with the control voltage of delay interferometer 4.
When microcontroller 11 according to certain time interval and stepped intervals output current signal, by will on heater41, obtaining the voltage signal that the identical time interval and stepped intervals are I * R * R1/(A * R2) behind adaptive resistance 12 and the drive circuit unit 2.To each voltage signal, the long mutually Output optical power Pc of the interference of delay interferometer 4 disappears Output optical power Pd mutually with interference all can be different.
Balanced reciver 5 will be interfered long mutually Output optical power Pc and be interfered the Output optical power Pd that disappears mutually to convert the signal of telecommunication to, because this signal of telecommunication is very faint, be unfavorable for the sampling of microcontroller 11, so this signal of telecommunication needs further to amplify.First amplifying circuit 31 amplifies and interferes the proportional signal of telecommunication of long mutually Output optical power Pc, and second amplifying circuit 32 amplifies and interferes the proportional signal of telecommunication of Output optical power Pd that disappears mutually, and first amplifying circuit 31 is identical with the multiplication factor of second amplifying circuit 32.Like this, two path signal is corresponding proportional with the two-way luminous power.
When the centre frequency of incoming signal is positioned the crest frequency of delay interferometer interference phase longer transmission curve, first amplifying circuit, 31 output valve maximums, second amplifying circuit, 32 output valve minimums, its ratio maximum.By the output valve of described microcontroller 11 receptions first amplifying circuit 31, second amplifying circuit 31, and ratio calculated.
To a series of delay interferometer control signal, microcontroller 11 will obtain a series of ratio, finds out maximum ratio, and the control voltage of delay interferometer 4 is set to the voltage of maximum ratio correspondence.
Fig. 5 is the control method schematic flow sheet of delay interferometer control device of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 5, this control method comprises the steps:
After step 54, microcontroller 11 are waited for a trace interval, the two path signal of luminous power sample circuit 3 outputs is carried out the voltage sample of luminous power correspondence, and get ratio.
Here, choosing of the time interval of microcontroller 11 must be noted that this time interval must be greater than the adjusting time of delay interferometer.Because delay interferometer under the effect of control voltage, needs could embody through certain adjusting time the variation of two light path phase differences.
In addition, choosing also of the stepped intervals of microcontroller 11 must be noted that.If stepped intervals is too big, then the centre frequency of incoming signal just very accurate in locating interfere the crest frequency of phase longer transmission curve in delay interferometer.
The reception link of DQPSK module also comprises delay interferometer and balanced reciver.The output of DQPSK module delay interferometer comprises two passages of I, Q, and control phase is poor separately for these two passages, and each passage is equivalent to a DPSK delay interferometer.I passage two light path phase differences are π/4, and Q passage two light path phase differences are-π/4.Phase difference between I, the Q passage is a pi/2.So, still can adopt control circuit of the present invention and control method to control I passage or Q passage separately for the DQPSK delay interferometer.But microcontroller 11 is not a maximum of seeking luminous power ratio, but seeks the ratio that calculates according to formula 0.85B/ (0.15B+1).Wherein, B is the maximum ratio of the two-way luminous power of delay interferometer 4 output, and the control voltage of delay interferometer is set to corresponding ratio 0.85B/(0.15B+1) voltage.
The eye pattern schematic diagram of Fig. 6 latter two delivery outlet of control device of the present invention for delay interferometer adopts, wherein, Fig. 6 a is for interfering the output signal of long mutually delivery outlet 42, and Fig. 6 b is for interfering the output signal of the delivery outlet 43 that disappears mutually.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device, comprise delay interferometer (4) and balanced reciver (5), it is characterized in that this control device also comprises micro controller unit (1), drive circuit unit (2) and luminous power sampling unit (3); Wherein, micro controller unit (1) outputs voltage signal to drive circuit unit (2), drive circuit unit (2) links to each other with the heating resistor (41) of described delay interferometer (4), and described delay interferometer (4) links to each other with described micro controller unit (1) with luminous power sampling unit (3) by balanced reciver (5) successively; The interference of described delay interferometer (4) is exported light signal and is interfered mouthful output light signal input balanced reciver (5) that disappears mutually for long mutually mouthful, be converted to the signal of telecommunication, passing through luminous power sampling unit (3) more respectively carries out feeding back to described micro controller unit (1) at last with doubly amplifying; Described luminous power sampling unit (3) comprises first amplifying circuit (31) and second amplifying circuit (32), described first amplifying circuit (31) links to each other with described micro controller unit (1) respectively with second amplifying circuit (32), first amplifying circuit (31) amplifies and interferes the proportional signal of telecommunication of long mutually Output optical power, and second amplifying circuit (32) amplifies and interferes the proportional signal of telecommunication of Output optical power that disappears mutually; First amplifying circuit (31) output valve that micro controller unit (1) calculating is received and the ratio of second amplifying circuit (32) output valve, corresponding a series of delay interferometer control signals, obtain a series of ratio by micro controller unit (1), find out maximum ratio, the voltage of delay interferometer is set to the voltage of maximum ratio correspondence;
Described drive circuit unit (2) comprises integrating circuit (21), drive circuit (22), sample resistance (23) and amplifying circuit (24); Wherein, the microcontroller (11) of described micro controller unit (1) links to each other with described integrating circuit (21), pass through described drive circuit (22) then successively and link to each other with described sample resistance (23), described sample resistance (23) is in series with heating resistor (41); Described amplifying circuit is connected in parallel between the described sample resistance (23), then output signal is fed back to described integrating circuit (21).
2. DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described luminous power sampling unit (3) further comprises first amplifying circuit (31) and second amplifying circuit (32), and described first amplifying circuit (31) links to each other with the microcontroller (11) of described micro controller unit (1) respectively with second amplifying circuit (32).
3. DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device according to claim 2 is characterized in that described micro controller unit (1) further comprises the adaptive resistance (12) that links to each other with described microcontroller (11).
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device, it is characterized in that the output valve of described microcontroller (11) is corresponding one by one with the output voltage values U of described delay interferometer, and shown in the following formula of its corresponding relation:
U=I×R×R1/（A×R2）；
Wherein, U is the control voltage of delay interferometer (4), and I is the output current of microcontroller (11), A is the amplification coefficient of amplifying circuit (24), R is the resistance of heating resistor (41), and R1 is the resistance of adaptive resistance (12), and R2 is the resistance of sample resistance (23).
5. the control method of a DPSK/DQPSK module delay interferometer control device is characterized in that this method comprises:
Micro controller unit (1) outputs voltage signal to drive circuit unit (2), drive circuit unit (2) links to each other with the heating resistor (41) of described delay interferometer (4), makes the output voltage values of described micro controller unit (1) corresponding one by one with the voltage at described delay interferometer heating resistor (41) two ends; When micro controller unit (1) according to certain time interval and stepped intervals output voltage signal, can obtain the voltage signal of the identical time interval and stepped intervals in described heating resistor (41); To each voltage signal, the long mutually Output optical power Pc of the interference of delay interferometer (4) is with to interfere mouthful Output optical power Pd that disappears mutually also corresponding different, described balanced reciver (5) becomes the signal of telecommunication with Pc with the Pd conversion of signals, pass through luminous power sampling unit (3) again and carry out the amplification of identical multiple, make the self-corresponding luminous power of two path signal and each corresponding proportional; Described micro controller unit (1) receives the output valve of described luminous power sampling unit (3), and calculating is through the voltage ratio of the two path signal of luminous power sampling unit (3), corresponding a series of delay interferometer control signals, can access a series of ratio by micro controller unit (1), find out maximum, the voltage of delay interferometer (4) is set to the voltage of described maximum ratio correspondence; Described a series of delay interferometer control signal, for obtaining by the control voltage that increases stepping, correspondingly, judge whether this control signal voltage surpasses predetermined threshold value, if be no more than, then correspondingly the two path signal of luminous power sampling unit output is sampled and the control voltage of ratio calculated and record correspondence; If surpass predetermined threshold value, then finish this process, and the control voltage of delay interferometer be set to the magnitude of voltage of corresponding maximum ratio.
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| CN1798121A (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-05 | 阿尔卡特公司 | Dpsk demodulator and demodulating method |
| CN101213775A (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-07-02 | 日本电气株式会社 | Dpsk modulation/demodulation method, and optical communication device and system using the method |
| CN101283528A (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2008-10-08 | 日本电气株式会社 | Optical receiver, optical communication system, and method |
| CN101340243A (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2009-01-07 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Method for implementing DQPSK demodulation and apparatus thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1798121A (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-05 | 阿尔卡特公司 | Dpsk demodulator and demodulating method |
| CN101213775A (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-07-02 | 日本电气株式会社 | Dpsk modulation/demodulation method, and optical communication device and system using the method |
| CN101283528A (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2008-10-08 | 日本电气株式会社 | Optical receiver, optical communication system, and method |
| CN101340243A (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2009-01-07 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Method for implementing DQPSK demodulation and apparatus thereof |
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