CN101871648B - Multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner - Google Patents

Multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101871648B
CN101871648B CN2010102286378A CN201010228637A CN101871648B CN 101871648 B CN101871648 B CN 101871648B CN 2010102286378 A CN2010102286378 A CN 2010102286378A CN 201010228637 A CN201010228637 A CN 201010228637A CN 101871648 B CN101871648 B CN 101871648B
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fuel
pipe
air compartment
precombustion chamber
powder
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CN2010102286378A
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CN101871648A (en
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郭雅婷
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Abstract

The invention discloses a multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner, belonging to the field of combustion apparatuses. The invention has technical scheme that the multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner comprises a wind chamber, a preignition chamber, a blast pipe, a fuel gas pipe, a fuel oil pipe and a powder-conveying pipe, wherein the preignition chamber comprises a cone-expanding body and a cone-shrinking body, the cone-expanding body is located at the rear end, the cone-shrinking body is located at the front end and has an opening at the front end part, the front flange of the wind chamber is fixedly connected with the outer side of the cone-expanding body of the preignition chamber, and annular guiding blades uniformly distributed are arranged between the rear flange of the wind chamber and the rear baffle plate of the preignition chamber; the rear flange of the wind chamber is provided with the powder-conveying pipe, the fuel gas pipe, the fuel oil pipe and an ignition electrode, a dispersing device is arranged at the front end part of the powder-conveying pipe, located at the maximum diameter of the preignition chamber and comprises a rotating blade and an external end cover, wherein the rotating blade can rotate around the axis per se; and the blast pipe is arranged on one side of the wind chamber. The invention has the advantages of burning powder fuels, liquid fuels and gas fuels respectively or synchronously, and having energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

Multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner
Technical field
The present invention relates to burner, the multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and the kiln burner of that particularly a kind of suitable Industrial Boiler and Industrial Stoves use, incendivity powder fuel (like coal dust, living beings powder etc.), liquid fuel and gaseous fuel.
Background technology
Along with rapid development of economy; Problems such as China's energy utilization rate is low, environmental pollution is serious become increasingly conspicuous; Industrial Boiler and kiln energy resource consumption and disposal of pollutants all occupy China's industrial trade second; Be only second to station boiler, become problem demanding prompt solution so improve the efficiency of combustion of Industrial Boiler and kiln.Existing Industrial Boiler and kiln are main with fire coal; Other fuel such as oil, gas, living beings are auxilliary; Wherein the coal-burning boiler overwhelming majority is the grate firing mode, and it adopts traditional burner, and using lump coal is main fuel; Be not suitable for the powder material that burns, and the burner of existing fuel-firing gas-firing can not directly apply to the powder material use.The coal burner that is used for station boiler at present, its structure only are suitable for the well-to-do station boiler of furnace cavity and use, and can not directly be used for the very limited Industrial Boiler of furnace cavity.Simultaneously, existing Industrial Stoves adopt the direct injection combustion device, and combustion system is more extensive, and energy consumption and pollution are difficult to control.Therefore, develop that a kind of suitable Industrial Boiler and kiln use distinguish or the energy-saving environment-protection combustor of the powder fuel that burns simultaneously (like coal dust, living beings powder etc.), liquid fuel and gaseous fuel very necessary.
In realizing process of the present invention; The inventor finds that there is following problem at least in prior art: the burner that existing Industrial Boiler and kiln use; Burning when can't realize burning or powder fuel, liquid fuel and the gaseous fuel of powder fuel, and energy consumption is difficult to control with pollution.
Summary of the invention
For the burner that Industrial Boiler and kiln are used can be distinguished or burn simultaneously powder fuel, liquid fuel and gaseous fuel, and energy-conserving and environment-protective, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner.Said technical scheme is following:
Multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner comprise air compartment, precombustion chamber, blast pipe, Gas Pipe, fuel pipe, powder feeding pipe, shell and control cabinet:
Said precombustion chamber comprises the reamer body that is positioned at the rear end and is positioned at front end and the open-ended cone that contracts of front end; The front end flange of said air compartment is fixedly connected with the external side of the reamer of said precombustion chamber, is provided with annular equally distributed guide vane between the back end flanges of said air compartment and the back end-stopping plate of said precombustion chamber;
The back end flanges outside of said air compartment is provided with shell; The inboard of said shell bottom surface is provided with high voltage package, gas electromagnetic valve and fuel pump; The outside of said shell bottom surface is provided with control cabinet, and said control cabinet divides level signal to be connected with said high voltage package, said gas electromagnetic valve and said fuel pump;
The rear end flange center of said air compartment is provided with powder feeding pipe; The rear end of said powder feeding pipe is passed said shell and is extended said housing exterior; The front end of said powder feeding pipe stretches in the said precombustion chamber; The front end end of said powder feeding pipe is provided with dispersal device, and said dispersal device is positioned at the maximum gauge place of said precombustion chamber;
Said dispersal device is made up of rotating vane and end cap; The center that said rotating vane is passed in the rear end of said end cap is threaded with said powder feeding pipe; Said rotating vane is movably arranged between said powder feeding pipe and the said end cap, and the circumference of said end cap is provided with the flour opening that is communicated with said powder feeding pipe and said rotating vane;
Also be provided with fuel pipe, Gas Pipe and ignitor on the back end flanges of said air compartment, said fuel pipe is connected with said fuel pump, and said Gas Pipe is connected with said gas electromagnetic valve, and said ignitor is connected with said high voltage package;
Said blast pipe is arranged on the side of said air compartment.
In order better to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the embodiment of the invention can also comprise following technical scheme:
The sidewall of said reamer body and the angle of its axis are 6 °~14 ° or 20 °~45 °, and the angle β of the sidewall of the said cone that contracts and its axis is 12 °~18 ° or 0 °~10 °.
In order better to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the embodiment of the invention can also comprise following technical scheme:
Said guide vane is connected on the back end flanges of said air compartment through annular fixed disk; Said guide vane is hingedly connected on the said annular fixed disk through the central shaft on the end face; Be welded with the adjusting connecting rod on the said central shaft; The other end of said adjusting connecting rod is provided with U type adjustment hole, and the inboard of said annular fixed disk is provided with annular movable disk, and said annular movable disk is provided with the bolt that inserts said U type adjustment hole; The inside circumference of said annular movable disk be provided with regulating tooth and with the regulating tooth meshed gears, the center of said gear is provided with the handle that extends the end flanges outside, said back.
In order better to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the embodiment of the invention can also comprise following technical scheme:
Also be provided with observation window, flame detection components and CCD camera assembly on the back end flanges of said air compartment; The front end of said observation window extends in the said precombustion chamber; The rear end of said observation window extends the said shell outside, and said flame detection components is connected with said control cabinet signal respectively with said CCD camera assembly.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is brought is: 1, through gas, oil, three nozzles of powder are set, can realize the independent burning or the mixed combustion of various fuel.2, the embodiment of the invention belongs to vortex burner, and adopts adjustable blade, makes the combustion air that gets in the burner can produce different swirl strengths, thereby is easy to control combustion intensity and load.3, the precombustion chamber processed by heat resisting steel of the present invention adopts various structure when being applied to boiler or kiln, promptly adopt preferred cone angle and β, thereby efficiency of combustion is brought up to 96%~98%.4, the present invention is owing to be provided with dispersal device at powder fuel nozzle ports place; Dispersal device directly is connected the powder feeding pipe front end, and structure adopts the rotating vane structure, and powder can be blown out from each different direction; Add wind action; The rotating vane rotation is blown out the powder rotation simultaneously, can make the powder fuel of carrying in precombustion chamber, form the dispersion of optimizing, thereby make the burning of powder material abundant more and stable through dispersal device.5, the embodiment of the invention makes that through unique flow Field Design the ignition temperature field distribution of flame in precombustion chamber and combustion chamber is even, localized hyperthermia's phenomenon can not occur, for the desulfuration in furnace and the low nitrogen burning of fuel have been created advantage.6, the embodiment of the invention can reach higher efficiency of combustion, can significantly reduce operating cost simultaneously.The embodiment of the invention can be widely used in various Industrial Boilers and the kiln.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the side view that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of A portion among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of B portion among Fig. 2.
In the accompanying drawing, the component list of each label representative is following:
1, air compartment; 2, precombustion chamber; 3, blast pipe; 4, Gas Pipe; 5, fuel pipe; 6, powder feeding pipe; 7, shell; 8, control cabinet; 11, back end flanges; 12, guide vane; 13, front end flange; 21, reamer body; 22, the cone that contracts; 23, connecting plate; 41, ignitor; 42, high voltage package; 43, gas electromagnetic valve; 51, fuel pump; 61, dispersal device; 71, observation window; 81, flame detection components; 82, CCD camera assembly; 121, handle; 122, gear; 123, annular movable disk; 124, annular fixed disk; 125, central shaft; 126, regulate connecting rod; 127, U type adjustment hole; 128, bolt; 129, regulating tooth; 611, rotating vane; 612, flour opening; 613, end cap;
The specific embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, will combine accompanying drawing that embodiment of the present invention is done to describe in detail further below.
Shown in Fig. 1-5, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is: multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner comprise air compartment 1, precombustion chamber 2, blast pipe 3, Gas Pipe 4, fuel pipe 5, powder feeding pipe 6, shell 7 and control cabinet 8:
Precombustion chamber 2 comprises the reamer body 21 that is positioned at the rear end and is positioned at front end and the open-ended cone 22 that contracts of front end; The front end flange 11 of air compartment 1 is fixedly connected with reamer body 21 outsides of precombustion chamber 2, is provided with annular equally distributed guide vane 12 between the back end flanges 13 of air compartment 1 and the back end-stopping plate 23 of precombustion chamber 2;
Back end flanges 13 outsides of air compartment 1 are provided with shell 7; The inboard of shell 7 bottom surfaces is provided with high voltage package 42, gas electromagnetic valve 43 and fuel pump 51; The outside of shell 7 bottom surfaces is provided with control cabinet 8, and control cabinet 8 is connected through signal line respectively with high voltage package 42, gas electromagnetic valve 43 and fuel pump 51;
Back end flanges 13 centers of air compartment 1 are provided with powder feeding pipe 6; The rear end of powder feeding pipe 6 is passed shell 7 and is extended shell 7 outsides; The front end of powder feeding pipe 6 stretches in the precombustion chamber 2; The front end end of powder feeding pipe 6 is provided with dispersal device 61, and dispersal device 61 is positioned at the maximum gauge place of precombustion chamber 2, i.e. the junction of the reamer body 21 and the cone 22 that contracts;
Dispersal device 61 is made up of rotating vane 611 and end cap 613; The center that rotating vane 611 is passed in the rear end of end cap 613 is threaded with powder feeding pipe 6; Rotating vane 611 is movably arranged between powder feeding pipe 6 and the end cap 613, and the circumference of end cap 613 is provided with the flour opening 612 that is communicated with powder feeding pipe 6 and rotating vane 611;
Also be provided with fuel pipe 5, Gas Pipe 4 and ignitor 41 on the back end flanges 13 of air compartment 1, fuel pipe 5 is connected with fuel pump 51, and Gas Pipe 4 is connected with gas electromagnetic valve 43, and ignitor 41 is connected with high voltage package 42;
Blast pipe 3 is arranged on the side of air compartment 1.
The sidewall of reamer body 21 and the angle of its axis are 6 °~14 ° or 20 °~45 °, and the angle β of the sidewall of the cone that contracts 22 and its axis is 12 °~18 ° or 0 °~10 °.
Guide vane 12 is connected on the back end flanges 13 of air compartment 1 through annular fixed disk 124; Guide vane 12 is hingedly connected on the annular fixed disk 124 through the central shaft on the end face 125; Be welded with on the central shaft 125 and regulate connecting rod 126; The other end of regulating connecting rod 126 is provided with U type adjustment hole 127, and the inboard of annular fixed disk 124 is provided with annular movable disk 123, and annular movable disk 123 is provided with the bolt 128 that inserts U type adjustment hole 127; The inside circumference of annular movable disk 123 be provided with regulating tooth 129 and with regulating tooth 129 meshed gears 122, the center of gear 122 is provided with the handle 121 that extends end flanges 13 outsides, back.
Also be provided with observation window 71, flame detection components 81 and CCD camera assembly 82 on the back end flanges 13 of air compartment 1; The front end of observation window 71 extends in the precombustion chamber 2; The rear end of observation window 71 extends shell 7 outsides, and flame detection components 81 and CCD camera assembly 81 are connected through signal line with control cabinet 8 respectively.
The burner of the embodiment of the invention; Powder in the powder feeding pipe 6 gets in the precombustion chamber 2 through the dispersal device 61 of its front end; Promptly the inner chamber through powder feeding pipe 6 gets into the inner chamber of end cap 613, and the flour opening 612 from end cap 613 circumference gets in the precombustion chambers 2 with rotating vane 611 then; Powder gets in the precombustion chamber 2 through all directions of rotating vane 611 from its circumference, is uniformly dispersed; Add under the combustion-supporting wind action that gets in the precombustion chambers 2 from blast pipe 3 and guide vane 12; Rotating vane 611 is around self rotation; Thereby powder is thrown away with all directions of parabolical form from rotating vane 611 circumference; Send in the precombustion chamber 2, disperse more evenly, the burning of powder fuel is more fully with stable; And dispersal device 61 is arranged on the maximum gauge place of precombustion chamber 2, also can guarantee the abundant dispersion of powder.
The burner of the embodiment of the invention, when being used for Industrial Boiler, the sidewall of its reamer body 21 and the angle of its axis are 6 °~14 °, the angle β of the sidewall of the cone that contracts 22 and its axis is 12 °~18 °; When being used for kiln, the sidewall of its reamer body 21 and the angle of its axis are 20 °~45 °, and the angle β of the sidewall of the cone that contracts 22 and its axis is 0 °~10 °; Structure through after the above-mentioned angle optimization makes the air flow fields that obtain optimization in the precombustion chamber 2, and can make flame quicken to spray in the exit of precombustion chamber 2; Show through the combustion test result; The efficiency of combustion of its fuel reaches 96%~98%, and the flow Field Design of above-mentioned uniqueness, makes flame even with the ignition temperature field distribution in the combustion chamber in precombustion chamber 2; Localized hyperthermia's phenomenon can not appear, for the desulfuration in furnace and the low nitrogen burning of fuel have been created advantage; Simultaneously higher efficiency of combustion also can significantly reduce operating cost.
The burner of the embodiment of the invention, through rotary handle 121, driven gear 122 rotation, thus stir regulating tooth 129 and annular movable disk 123 is rotated synchronously; During 123 rotations of annular movable disk, in U type adjustment hole 127, slide, drive and regulate connecting rod 126 rotations, thereby drive central shaft 125 and guide vane 12 rotations, realize adjusting the angle of guide vane 12 through bolt 128; The difference of the angle of guide vane 12 can make the combustion air that gets in the burner produce different swirl strengths, thereby be easy to control combustion intensity and load.
The burner of the embodiment of the invention; During installation, at first whole burner is docked with Industrial Boiler or kiln through front end flange 13, the rear end with powder feeding pipe 6 is connected with feeding device then; Gas electromagnetic valve 43 is connected (source of the gas can be in propane flammable gas, liquefied petroleum gas or the natural gas any one) with gas source; Fuel pump 51 is connected with fuel tank, and blast pipe 3 is connected with air blast, with control system holding wire and power line be connected with control cabinet 8.
The operation principle of the embodiment of the invention:
During burning gases fuel: the relevant therrmodynamic system of boiler or kiln, drum induced draught system start finish after, start high voltage package 42, the ignitor 41 that links to each other with high voltage package 42 promptly begins to discharge high tension spark; Start gas electromagnetic valve 43 afterwards; Combustion gas is connected, and combustion gas is ignited under the effect of high tension spark through Gas Pipe 4 ejections; Close high voltage package 42 afterwards, can realize the autonomous burning of combustion gas.
During combustion of liquid fuel: the step of at first carrying out above-mentioned burning gases fuel; Start fuel pump 51 afterwards; Connect fuel oil, fuel oil promptly through fuel pipe 5 ejections, ignites under the effect of gas flame; Be gas fuel mixed combustion under this kind situation, this moment is if close the autonomous burning that gas electromagnetic valve can be realized fuel oil.
During burning powder fuel (like coal dust, living beings powder): at first carry out the above-mentioned burning gases fuel and/or the step of combustion of liquid fuel; Start feeding device afterwards; Powder fuel gets into ajutage 6 through feeding device, gets into precombustion chamber 2 through dispersal device 61.Simultaneously, air blast imports air compartment 1 with combustion air by blast pipe 3, produces eddy flow through guide vane 12 and gets into precombustion chamber 2, with the powder fuel mix of ajutage 6 importing precombustion chambers 2.Powder fuel is ignited by fuel oil flame; In precombustion chamber 2, form and revolve the flame burning; Can realize the mixed combustion of combustion gas, fuel oil, powder fuel multipropellant under this kind situation, also can close gas electromagnetic valve 43 and fuel pump 51, promptly realize the autonomous burning of powder material.
Above step all can realize operation automatically under the combination of control cabinet 8, flame detection components 81 and boiler control system.Can the field observation combustion position through observation window 71, can the remote observation combustion position through CCD camera assembly 82.In process of coal combustion; Can change the powder-feeding amount of feeding device, the air output of air blast and the parameters such as eddy flow angle of guide vane 12; Thereby length, burning position, combustion intensity and the swirl strength etc. of control flame; Make fuel be able to reasonably tissue burning, reach the purpose of steady combustion.
As shown in Figure 2, the blast pipe 3 in the embodiment of the invention is that tangential manner is blown to air compartment 1, and it is air compartment 1 air-supply that blast pipe 3 can also adopt the mode of vertical air intake.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner is characterized in that, comprise air compartment, precombustion chamber, blast pipe, Gas Pipe, fuel pipe, powder feeding pipe, shell and control cabinet:
Said precombustion chamber comprises the reamer body that is positioned at the rear end and is positioned at front end and the open-ended cone that contracts of front end; The front end flange of said air compartment is fixedly connected with the external side of the reamer of said precombustion chamber, is provided with annular equally distributed guide vane between the back end flanges of said air compartment and the back end-stopping plate of said precombustion chamber;
The back end flanges outside of said air compartment is provided with shell; The inboard of said shell bottom surface is provided with high voltage package, gas electromagnetic valve and fuel pump; The outside of said shell bottom surface is provided with control cabinet, and said control cabinet divides level signal to be connected with said high voltage package, said gas electromagnetic valve and said fuel pump;
The rear end flange center of said air compartment is provided with powder feeding pipe; The rear end of said powder feeding pipe is passed said shell and is extended said housing exterior; The front end of said powder feeding pipe stretches in the said precombustion chamber; The front end end of said powder feeding pipe is provided with dispersal device, and said dispersal device is positioned at the maximum gauge place of said precombustion chamber;
Said dispersal device is made up of rotating vane and end cap; The center that said rotating vane is passed in the rear end of said end cap is threaded with said powder feeding pipe; Said rotating vane is movably arranged between said powder feeding pipe and the said end cap, and the circumference of said end cap is provided with the flour opening that is communicated with said powder feeding pipe and said rotating vane;
Also be provided with fuel pipe, Gas Pipe and ignitor on the back end flanges of said air compartment, said fuel pipe is connected with said fuel pump, and said Gas Pipe is connected with said gas electromagnetic valve, and said ignitor is connected with said high voltage package;
Said blast pipe is arranged on the side of said air compartment.
2. multicomponent fuel industrial boiler according to claim 1 and kiln burner; It is characterized in that; The sidewall of said reamer body and the angle of its axis are 6 °~14 ° or 20 °~45 °, and the angle β of the sidewall of the said cone that contracts and its axis is 12 °~18 ° or 10 °.
3. multicomponent fuel industrial boiler according to claim 1 and 2 and kiln burner; It is characterized in that; Said guide vane is connected on the back end flanges of said air compartment through annular fixed disk; Said guide vane is hingedly connected on the said annular fixed disk through the central shaft on the end face, is welded with the adjusting connecting rod on the said central shaft, and the other end of said adjusting connecting rod is provided with U type adjustment hole; The inboard of said annular fixed disk is provided with annular movable disk; Said annular movable disk is provided with the bolt that inserts said U type adjustment hole, the inside circumference of said annular movable disk be provided with regulating tooth and with the regulating tooth meshed gears, the center of said gear is provided with the handle that extends the end flanges outside, said back.
4. multicomponent fuel industrial boiler according to claim 1 and 2 and kiln burner; It is characterized in that; Also be provided with observation window, flame detection components and CCD camera assembly on the back end flanges of said air compartment; The front end of said observation window extends in the said precombustion chamber, and the rear end of said observation window extends the said shell outside, and said flame detection components is connected with said control cabinet signal respectively with said CCD camera assembly.
5. multicomponent fuel industrial boiler according to claim 3 and kiln burner; It is characterized in that; Also be provided with observation window, flame detection components and CCD camera assembly on the back end flanges of said air compartment; The front end of said observation window extends in the said precombustion chamber, and the rear end of said observation window extends the said shell outside, and said flame detection components is connected with said control cabinet signal respectively with said CCD camera assembly.
CN2010102286378A 2010-07-09 2010-07-09 Multicomponent fuel industrial boiler and kiln burner Expired - Fee Related CN101871648B (en)

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CN102705823B (en) * 2012-05-16 2015-07-15 神华集团有限责任公司 Pulverized coal burner
CN103925595B (en) * 2013-05-03 2016-12-28 上海伊德科技有限公司 A kind of burner for ceramic furnace
CN104515126A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-15 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 Multi-fuel combined combustion industrial boiler
CN106545858A (en) * 2015-09-23 2017-03-29 潞安卓泰祥和金属科技宜兴有限公司 A kind of oxygen-enriched burner with photographic head
CN106556257A (en) * 2015-09-24 2017-04-05 潞安卓泰祥和金属科技宜兴有限公司 A kind of automatization's oxygen-enriched burner
CN106247338B (en) * 2016-08-29 2018-05-25 煤科院节能技术有限公司 A kind of multi fuel burner of rapid interchangeable
CN106402894A (en) * 2016-10-27 2017-02-15 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 Large-size hazardous waste rotary kiln type incinerator device taking sludge as main target
CN106594727B (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-08-24 景德镇陶瓷大学 A kind of efficient, energy saving, long flame turbulent burner
CN107842848A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-03-27 煤科院节能技术有限公司 A kind of Industrial Boiler precombustion chamber
CN111998337B (en) * 2020-08-20 2023-04-28 陕西商洛发电有限公司 Combustor capable of adjusting rotational flow secondary air speed

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