CN101867078A - Supernormal medium miniaturization rectangular waveguide capable of transmitting forward wave - Google Patents
Supernormal medium miniaturization rectangular waveguide capable of transmitting forward wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN101867078A CN101867078A CN 201010183020 CN201010183020A CN101867078A CN 101867078 A CN101867078 A CN 101867078A CN 201010183020 CN201010183020 CN 201010183020 CN 201010183020 A CN201010183020 A CN 201010183020A CN 101867078 A CN101867078 A CN 101867078A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a supernormal medium miniaturization rectangular waveguide capable of transmitting forward wave, relating to the technical field of miniaturization waveguides, and solving the problem that the traditional miniaturization rectangular waveguide based on a supernormal medium can not transmit forward waves. The supernormal medium miniaturization rectangular waveguide comprises a hollow rectangular waveguide and a plurality of supernormal medium structural units, wherein the supernormal medium structural units are positioned inside the hollow rectangular waveguide and are divided into two groups which are placed along the metal walls at the two sides of the z direction of the hollow rectangular waveguide in a stagger mode. The effective magnetic permeability component of each supernormal medium structural unit in the direction parallel to the z direction of the hollow rectangular waveguide is a negative value, and the effective magnetic permeability component in other directions and the effective dielectric constant components in all directions are all positive values. The height of the cross section of the hollow rectangular waveguide is less than or equal to the width of the hollow rectangular waveguide, and the width is less than half of the working wavelength. The invention is suitable for design and manufacturing of miniaturization of electronic circuits, devices and antennae in the field of radio frequency communication and micron wave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to miniaturization guide technology field, be specifically related to a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that transmits forward wave.
Background technology
Rectangular waveguide is a hollow metal tube, and its cross section is a rectangle, is a kind of common electromagnetic transmission structure of microwave, millimeter wave frequency band.Rectangular waveguide is compared with microwave transmission structures such as microstrip line, coaxial lines, has that loss is little, power capacity is big and advantage such as firm in structure.In addition, can also form radio antenna---the slot antenna of a class uniqueness by on rectangular waveguide, cracking.Generally speaking, rectangular waveguide is with a wide range of applications in microwave, millimeter-wave technology field.But rectangular waveguide has a very big shortcoming: the width of rectangular waveguide cross section (suppose width more than or equal to height, down with) must be greater than 1/2nd of transmission electromagnetic wavelength, otherwise electromagnetic wave just can't be propagated in rectangular waveguide.Also can be understood as: the electromagnetic wave of propagating in rectangular waveguide, its operation wavelength must be less than two times of the width of rectangular waveguide cross section (these numerical value be otherwise known as the cut-off wavelength of rectangular waveguide, its corresponding frequency then is called as cut-off frequency).Therefore, the development width is less than the transmission operation wavelength and have important use greater than the electromagnetic miniaturized rectangular waveguide of cut-off wavelength and be worth.
Supernormal medium is a kind of novel artificial composite electromagnetic material that is risen 20 end of the centurys, it has periodic structure, form by the periodic arrangement of supernormal medium construction unit in the space, described supernormal medium construction unit comprises substrate and C type fracture annulus, as shown in Figure 3.Supernormal medium has very special electromagnetic property, and especially the effective dielectric constant of supernormal medium or effective permeability can be negative value.Supernormal medium is owing to possess special electromagnetic property, and supernormal medium is widely used in the performance of improving existing radio frequency, microwave, millimetric wave device, dwindles their volume.2005, people such as Hrabar utilize supernormal medium to realize a kind of rectangular waveguide of miniaturization, as shown in Figure 2, it comprises a hollow rectangle waveguide, and in the inside of rectangular waveguide, place anisotropy supernormal medium construction unit along the central axis of waveguide, and this supernormal medium construction unit perpendicular to the effective permeability component on the waveguide axis direction for negative, the effective permeability component on other direction and the effective dielectric constant component on all directions be on the occasion of.This miniaturized rectangular waveguide can transmit the electromagnetic wave of operation wavelength greater than cut-off wavelength (just operation wavelength is greater than two times of rectangular waveguide cross-sectional width).That is to say that this miniaturization waveguide under 1/2nd the situation of cross-sectional width less than the electromagnetic wave operation wavelength, still can be transmitted electromagnetic wave.Because the cross-sectional width of common waveguide must be greater than 1/2nd of operation wavelength, therefore, this rectangular waveguide is a kind of rectangular waveguide of miniaturization, and it is compared with common waveguide has littler cross-sectional width, but can transmit the electromagnetic wave of same wavelength.
Yet, above-mentioned miniaturized rectangular waveguide based on supernormal medium, a more special place is arranged: electromagnetic wave phase velocity direction therein opposite with the group velocity direction (phase velocity is a negative value, and the electromagnetic wave of Chuan Boing is called as backward wave by this way) aspect transmission characteristic.And for normal rectangular waveguide or other transmission structures (coaxial line, microstrip line etc.) and comprise for most homogeneous mediums of air, electromagnetic wave phase velocity direction therein identical with the group velocity direction (phase velocity be on the occasion of, the electromagnetic wave of Chuan Boing is called as forward wave by this way).Special even so electromagnetic property can make this miniaturized rectangular waveguide bring beyond thought benefit in several applications, but it also can bring very big inconvenience in general traditional application simultaneously.For example, when using this miniaturization waveguide when realizing leaky-wave antenna, this leaky-wave antenna is radiated electromagnetic wave and radiated electromagnetic wave forwards rearward.
Summary of the invention
Existingly can't to transmit the problem of forward wave in order solving, to the invention provides a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that transmits forward wave based on the miniaturized rectangular waveguide of supernormal medium.
A kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that transmits forward wave of the present invention, it comprises a hollow rectangle waveguide and a plurality of supernormal medium construction unit, each supernormal medium construction unit is positioned at described hollow rectangle waveguide inside, and described each supernormal medium construction unit is divided into two groups of z direction both sides metallic walls along the hollow rectangle waveguide and is staggeredly placed, described each supernormal medium construction unit is a negative value at the effective permeability component of the z direction that is parallel to described hollow rectangle waveguide, the effective permeability component of other direction and the effective dielectric constant component on all directions be on the occasion of, the height of the cross section of hollow rectangle waveguide is less than or equal to the width of described cross section, and described width is less than 1/2nd operation wavelengths.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the invention provides a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that can transmit forward wave cheaply, the present invention is by the supernormal medium construction unit that is staggeredly placed in the hollow rectangle waveguide, make the electromagnetic operation wavelength of in the hollow rectangle waveguide, propagating be no longer dependent on the cross sectional dimensions of hollow rectangle waveguide, electromagnetic phase velocity is identical with the group velocity direction simultaneously, has promptly realized the forward wave transmission.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of perspective view of transmitting the supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide of forward wave of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the perspective view of existing supernormal medium construction unit 2, Fig. 2 is the perspective view of existing miniaturized rectangular waveguide based on supernormal medium, Fig. 4 carries out the change curve schematic diagram of the transmission coefficient of the supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that numerical simulation obtains with frequency in the specific embodiment of the present invention five, Fig. 5 carries out the change curve schematic diagram of the effective dielectric constant (effectivepermittivity) of the supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that numerical simulation obtains with frequency in the specific embodiment of the present invention five, Fig. 6 carries out the change curve schematic diagram of the effective permeability (effectivepermeability) of the supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that numerical simulation obtains with frequency in the specific embodiment of the present invention five.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: specify present embodiment according to Figure of description 1, the described a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that transmits forward wave of present embodiment, it comprises a hollow rectangle waveguide 1 and a plurality of supernormal medium construction unit 2, each supernormal medium construction unit 2 is positioned at described hollow rectangle waveguide 1 inside, and described each supernormal medium construction unit 2 is divided into two groups of z direction both sides metallic walls along hollow rectangle waveguide 1 and is staggeredly placed, described each supernormal medium construction unit 2 is a negative value at the effective permeability component of the z direction that is parallel to described hollow rectangle waveguide 1, the effective permeability component of other direction and the effective dielectric constant component on all directions be on the occasion of, the height of the cross section of hollow rectangle waveguide 1 is less than or equal to the width of described cross section, and described width is less than 1/2nd operation wavelengths.
Supernormal medium construction unit 2 in the present embodiment has anisotropy, and present embodiment has been utilized anisotropy, negative magnetoconductivity characteristic and the special electromagnetic transmission pattern of supernormal medium construction unit.
The theoretical foundation of present embodiment is as follows:
Suppose that the waveguide axis direction is the z direction, the cross-sectional width direction is the x direction, and short transverse is the y direction, then this moment the supernormal medium construction unit effective permeability
, effective dielectric constant is
, and following relation is arranged:
At this moment, the electromagnetic field in this rectangular waveguide satisfies the Maxwell equation of no source space
(1a)
Will
Bring (1) formula into, obtain corresponding scalar equation and be
Mutual substitution just can obtain only relevant with longitudinal field component electromagnetic field expressions with (2b) formula with (2a) formula, shown in (3) formula
For the TE pattern, (3) formula can be reduced to
On the other hand, (1b) formula being updated to (1a) formula can obtain
(5) formula is launched, can be obtained
Again (4) formula being updated to (5) formula can obtain
Can utilize the separation of variable to find the solution the above-mentioned differential equation.The result is
(8) formula (4) formula that is updated to just can be obtained filling the field equation in the rectangular waveguide of anisotropy supernormal medium
Can obtain separating of phase constant and find the solution (9) formula
This shows, when
The time, the cut-off frequency of rectangular waveguide disappears, and that is to say, and electromagnetic operation wavelength that waveguide can be propagated and rectangular waveguide size are irrelevant.Simultaneously, because
The time,
And
So this moment, electromagnetic wave is to propagate with the form of forward wave in this rectangular waveguide.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that the material of the substrate of the described supernormal medium construction unit 2 of present embodiment is a Teflon.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or twos' difference is, the height of the substrate of the described supernormal medium construction unit 2 of present embodiment is 12 millimeters, the width of described substrate is 6 millimeters, the thickness of described substrate is 0.7 millimeter, and the relative dielectric constant of described substrate is 2.6.
Embodiment four: present embodiment and embodiment one, two or threes' difference is that the inside radius of the C type fracture annulus of described supernormal medium construction unit 2 is 1 millimeter, the outer radius of described C type fracture annulus is 2 millimeters, and the fracture width of described C type fracture annulus is 0.5 millimeter.
In the present embodiment, opposite in the fracture site of the C type fracture annulus on the substrate two sides of supernormal medium construction unit 2.
Embodiment five: the difference of any one execution mode is that described each supernormal medium construction unit 2 is divided into two groups and is staggeredly placed along the z direction both sides metallic walls of hollow rectangle waveguide 1 period pitch with 6 millimeters in present embodiment and the embodiment one to four.
Carry out numerical simulation at present embodiment, the numerical simulation result of the transmission coefficient of the described supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide of acquisition present embodiment can see as shown in Figure 4, a passband occurred about 8.2GHz.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 have described the effective dielectric constant and the effective permeability of the described supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide of numerical simulation acquisition respectively, from Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, can see, corresponding near the passband the 8.2GHz among Fig. 4, this moment the effective dielectric constant of described supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide and magnetic permeability be on the occasion of, that is what, transmit in this supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide this moment is forward wave (phase velocity is positive electromagnetic wave).
Claims (5)
1. supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that can transmit forward wave, it comprises a hollow rectangle waveguide (1) and a plurality of supernormal medium construction unit (2), it is characterized in that each supernormal medium construction unit (2) is positioned at described hollow rectangle waveguide (1) inside, and described each supernormal medium construction unit (2) is divided into two groups of z direction both sides metallic walls along hollow rectangle waveguide (1) and is staggeredly placed, described each supernormal medium construction unit (2) is a negative value at the effective permeability component of the z direction that is parallel to described hollow rectangle waveguide (1), the effective permeability component of other direction and the effective dielectric constant component on all directions be on the occasion of, the height of the cross section of hollow rectangle waveguide (1) is less than or equal to the width of described cross section, and described width is less than 1/2nd operation wavelengths.
2. a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that transmits forward wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material of the substrate of described supernormal medium construction unit (2) is a Teflon.
3. a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that transmits forward wave according to claim 2, the height that it is characterized in that the substrate of described supernormal medium construction unit (2) is 12 millimeters, the width of described substrate is 6 millimeters, the thickness of described substrate is 0.7 millimeter, and the relative dielectric constant of described substrate is 2.6.
4. a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguide that transmits forward wave according to claim 3, the inside radius that it is characterized in that the C type fracture annulus of described supernormal medium construction unit (2) is 1 millimeter, the outer radius of described C type fracture annulus is 2 millimeters, and the fracture width of described C type fracture annulus is 0.5 millimeter.
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described a kind of supernormal medium miniaturized rectangular waveguides that transmit forward wave, it is characterized in that described each supernormal medium construction unit (2) is divided into two groups and is staggeredly placed along the z direction both sides metallic walls of hollow rectangle waveguide (1) period pitch with 6 millimeters.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106299557A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | Waveguide bandpass filter |
| CN114883767A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-09 | 厦门大学 | Low-pass rectangular waveguide with band-stop characteristic and internally inserted with SSPP material |
Citations (3)
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| CN101030667A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2007-09-05 | 东南大学 | Slow wave structure based on electromagnetic band gap structure |
| EP1933415A1 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Electromagnetic bandgap motion sensor device and method for making same |
| CN201160113Y (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-12-03 | 东南大学 | Slow-wave module based on plane electric tape gap waveguide |
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2010
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1933415A1 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Electromagnetic bandgap motion sensor device and method for making same |
| CN101030667A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2007-09-05 | 东南大学 | Slow wave structure based on electromagnetic band gap structure |
| CN201160113Y (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-12-03 | 东南大学 | Slow-wave module based on plane electric tape gap waveguide |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 《Applied Physics A Materials Science & Processing》 20071231 F.-Y.MENG et al. An ultra-small cavity resonator loaded with LHM and RHM layers 全文 1-5 , * |
| 《Microwave and Optical Technology Letters》 20080831 Fan-Yi Meng et al. Miniaturized Rectangular Cavity Resonator Based on Anisotropic Metamaterials Bilayer 全文 1-5 第50卷, 第8期 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106299557A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | Waveguide bandpass filter |
| CN114883767A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-09 | 厦门大学 | Low-pass rectangular waveguide with band-stop characteristic and internally inserted with SSPP material |
| CN114883767B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-02-24 | 厦门大学 | Low-pass rectangular waveguide with band-stop characteristic and internally inserted with SSPP material |
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| CN101867078B (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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