Vertically-partitioned metallized grid safe film electrode structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal metallized safety film of making interchange and high frequency capacitor that is applicable to, particularly relate to a kind of improvement of metal metallized safety film electrode structure.
Background technology
In the film capacitor field, the metal metallized safety membrane technology is known.It is separated into the many fritters of numbers of poles to the metallic electrode coating of evaporation on medium with the lattice space, and each fritter constitutes the electrode of a junior unit capacitor.Each junior unit has all had the small coating fillet of fuse effect, strides across isolated interstice and links to each other with on every side junior unit, and electric current enters at last that the conductive strips that compile electric current---coating adds webbing.On the film of this structure during if any electric weak point breakdown, the disruptive discharge electric current can blow the outer coating fillet that connects of the small electrode piece at this place, breakdown current is extinguished, junior unit capacitor and integral capacitor device with breakdown point are cut off, reach self-healing, and the integral capacitor device has lost the capacitance of being isolated junior unit, but can the maintenance operate as normal, thus make capacitor improve operating voltage and useful life.
Prior art mesh type metal safety diaphragm, be separated into coating square or other polygon fritter electrode unit with the grid type space, it is less that the area of each fritter can be done, thereby to puncture the capacitance loss of self-healing also much smaller at every turn, and this is its major advantage.But, make the utilization ratio of coating materials descend 10~15% because after the bar density of grid space, bar shared deielectric-coating surface area in space also increases.Prior art is for reducing this side effect, adopted metal metallized safety film coating horizontal partition method, the shared deielectric-coating surface area of space bar of mesh type metal safety diaphragm is reduced at double, improved the utilance of deielectric-coating, as described in Chinese patent CN2434778Y, CN101013629A.
But the mesh type metal safety diaphragm has a significant deficiency: because its each fritter and the small coating fillet of fuse effect has all been arranged between the adjacent isles all around, and greatly the part fritter can not be directly with to add webbing adjacent, their electric current need pass through multiple other fritter and the coating fillet after could arrive and add webbing; Because the coating fillet of each fritter is apart from the position difference that adds webbing, the superposition electric current difference that it flows through, the most close adding on the small coating fillet that webbing plays the fuse effect, flow through bigger superposition electric current, the electric current of this superposition produces bigger additional heating loss, the dielectric withstanding voltage at this place is reduced, even cause voltage breakdown.Need strengthen the width of coating fillet herein in order to reduce this heating loss, but from fuse the safeguard protection effect consider that the width of this coating fillet can not strengthen, to this contradiction, can not be satisfactory to both parties in the design.So each fritter of mesh type metal safety diaphragm is not owing to independently play the small coating fillet of fuse effect, between fritter electric current gang up, superposition, regular meeting produces the puncture of related property, the reliability of safeguard protection is not as people's will.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of vertically-partitioned metallized grid safe film electrode structure that can be applicable to interchange and high-frequency work is provided, can reduce of the loss of the space bar of pattern at double to the film effective area, increase the coating materials utilance, improve fail safe and useful life, reduce the safety film capacitor manufacturing cost.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: vertically-partitioned metallized grid safe film electrode structure, has the upper/lower layer metallic safety diaphragm, every layer of metal metallized safety film is that the metal lining layer electrodes constitutes composite membrane on the medium basement membrane, be the limit of staying of no coating on composite membrane and one side parallel longitudinal, with the another side of parallel longitudinal be that coating adds webbing, it is characterized in that Liu Bian and add between the webbing coating in the vertical by continuous coating district and lattice interval every being alternately distributed, these two kinds of zone width in the vertical are about equally; When rolling capacitor with two-layer this metal metallized safety film stack, the stay limit and the coating of levels add the interlaced correspondence of webbing, and the certain distance that also staggers in the horizontal makes the both sides of lamination add webbing and all is positioned at outstanding position; The continuous coating district of levels is interlaced corresponding with the lattice district simultaneously.
The feature of the technical program also is the particular design in the lattice district of layer electrodes, after the coating in lattice district is separated into up and down the little sticks of two row by T type space bar, with many square space bars they are separated into multiple row rectangular electrode fritter again, every square space bar all intersects with T type space bar and is communicated with, and each electrode fritter all has a coating fillet that independently plays the miniature fuse effect to add webbing with adjacent continuous coating district or coating to link to each other.
Above-mentioned design also can be changed to: after the coating in lattice district is separated into up and down the little sticks of two row by T type space bar, with many oblique space bars they are separated into the plural electrode array fritter again, wherein first is a trapezoidal shape with terminal column electrode fritter, the remaining electrode fritter is a parallelogram shape, every oblique space bar all intersects with T type space bar and is communicated with, and each electrode fritter all has a coating fillet that independently plays the miniature fuse effect to add webbing with adjacent continuous coating district or coating to link to each other.
First two electrode fritters in the two column electrode fritters in above-mentioned lattice district are because to add webbing adjacent with coating, and its coating fillet is directly across this electrode fritter and add the centre position of the space bar between the webbing; The coating fillet of all the other each row electrode fritters across space bar between this electrode fritter and the adjacent continuous coating district from adding the nearer end of webbing.
The horizontal length of side of two column electrode fritters in the above-mentioned lattice district can be done unequal distribution, make the short electrode fritter of current path have bigger area, the long electrode fritter of current path has less area, the electric current of each little cube electrode can be flowed into coating and add webbing and capacitor external electrode with the shortest path, directly or by low-resistance continuous coating district.
By technical scheme of the present invention, can be designed to be applied to the interior concatenation type safety diaphragm of high-voltage capacitor, last rete S, following rete X are closely connected stacked, the serial connection capacitor unit is laterally arranged according to the order of sequence, when if the limit is stayed in the junction between the unit of each adjacent serial connection, then merge into the vertical blank isolation strip of a broad, or claim Nei Liubian, by it both sides are in separating continuously of different serial connections unit, the width of this Nei Liubian is for staying 1.5~2 times of hem width degree outward; If continuously during coating, then adjacent coating is connected as a single entity in the junction between the unit of each adjacent serial connection.
When the stack of the metal metallized safety film of above-mentioned two-layer particular design rolled capacitor, the stay limit and the coating of levels added the interlaced correspondence of webbing, and the certain distance that also staggers in the horizontal makes the both sides of lamination add webbing and all is positioned at outstanding position; The continuous coating district of levels is interlaced corresponding with the lattice district simultaneously, makes metallized capacitor can obtain the gamut safeguard protection in lattice district.Reel before the beginning the staggered corresponding position of tunic relation up and down adjust correct after, as long as keep when reeling tunic up and down move towards parallel, with speed, with Zhang power, the gamut that just can reach safety film capacitor obtains the making required precision of safeguard protection.If the coating district vertically slightly shortening 1~3mm on the width, then can reduce above-mentioned vertical alignment precision than lattice district continuously, the easier gamut that reaches capacitor obtains the making required precision of safeguard protection during coiling.
Because the particular design of said structure makes the present invention have following advantage:
1. the lattice district of vertical partition formula novel metal safe film electrode structure of the present invention, the area of separating the little module unit of electrode of gained reduces, and the capacitance loss that at every turn punctures self-healing dwindles greatly, has increased the useful life of metallized safety film capacitor.
Since each electrode fritter all have one independently the coating fillet add webbing with adjacent continuous coating district or coating and link to each other, not have the coating fillet connection that is connected in series between each fritter, increased the reliability of safeguard protection.
3. independently the coating fillet is identical to 4 the coating fillets of every small electrode of controlling level and existing grid type safety diaphragm that puncture the self-healing electric current if consider the design; when the width of the coating fillet that plays the fuse effect of vertical partition formula novel metal safe film electrode structure of the present invention designs; under the condition of the reliably protecting that guarantees the sensitive puncture of do safely self-healing, can suitably widen, in operate as normal, flow through the additional heating of operating current thereby reduced it.
4. the current path of the little module unit of each electrode is provided with nearby in the lattice district of vertical partition formula novel metal safe film electrode structure of the present invention, first fritter electrode unit is with to add webbing adjacent and flow directly into, and the electric current of all the other each fritter electrode units flows into coating by low-resistance continuous coating district and adds webbing; Also since the width in the continuous coating district of the technical program be designed to the width of lattice electrode district about equally, be the roughly twice of the electrode fritter length of side, width and resistance are inversely proportional to, so the coating district has lower coating resistance continuously, current path is shorter, and resistance is low, thereby has reduced the heating loss of electric current.
5. when the operating current of common metal film laterally flows into the thickening limit, the electric current of the part that the distance thickening is outlying will be superimposed upon distance and add on the near part of webbing, thereby current density is Gradient distribution in the horizontal, has synergistic effect, also maximum near adding webbing place current density maximum current caloric value, place, limit current density minimum current caloric value is also minimum near staying.And in the lattice district of vertical partition formula novel metal safe film electrode structure of the present invention, there is not direct electric current connecting path between each small electrode piece, can mutual superposition, thereby the operating current caloric value in whole lattice district all remains near the minimum level of staying the place, limit, far below the common metal film, the caloric value in lattice district even can ignore in thermal design.In this programme metal metallized safety film electrode structure, because the coating district is that the negligible lattice of the caloric value district that faces another floor makes to be close to the lamination coiling continuously, the levels compole readily conducts heat, the heat neutralization, and both vertical width and area are again about equally, therefore the overall caloric value of vertical partition formula novel metal safe film electrode structure of the present invention has only about 1.5 times of common metal film, and well below traditional mesh type metal safety diaphragm.With the folded capacitor element that is rolled into of dissimilar two membranes, the size of the heating up that their operating current produces is relatively shown in Figure 10 curve: curve 1 is the distribution of common metal membrane capacitance temperature rise in the wide W scope of film among the figure, curve 2 is the distribution of conventional mesh type metallized safety film capacitor temperature rise in the wide W scope of film, and curve 3 is the distribution of mesh type metal safety film capacitor of the present invention temperature rise in the wide W scope of film.
Above-mentioned advantage in the additional heating of operating current shows that vertical partition formula metal metallized safety film electrode structure of the present invention is suitable for making interchange and high frequency capacitor.
6. because the present invention is designed to continuous coating district and lattice district to the coating vertical partition; when rolling capacitor with the stack of double-layer metallization safety diaphragm; the continuous coating district of levels is interlaced corresponding with the lattice district; make metallized capacitor can obtain the gamut safeguard protection in lattice district; thereby it is the same with existing horizontal partition method; also can reduce the loss late of the space bar of pattern at double to the film effective area; prolong the useful life of capacitor; improve the utilance of coating materials, reduced the manufacturing cost of safety film capacitor.
7. owing in the lattice district, there is row culture horizontal full duration in T type space to separate,, thereby can not occur loss yet and rise, be the phenomenon of pyrogenicity puncture so even loose contact occurs between the end face of capacitor element and the gilding layer, electric current can not done vertically to flow yet.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a metal metallized safety film electrode structural chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the folded volume of a double-layer metallization safety diaphragm of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is along the profile that A-A did among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is along the profile that B-B did among Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the horizontal length of side modified version figure of rectangular electrode fritter of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is parallelogram electrode fritter improved shape pattern figure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the folded volume schematic diagram of metal metallized safety film electrode structure of the present invention as two inner series safety film capacitors.
Fig. 8 is along the profile that A-A did among Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is along the profile that B-B did among Fig. 7.
The temperature rise comparison diagram that Figure 10 causes for capacitor working stream
Embodiment:
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1:
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3, a kind of vertically-partitioned metallized grid safe film electrode structure, has the upper/lower layer metallic safety diaphragm, every layer of metal metallized safety film is that the metal lining layer electrodes constitutes composite membrane on medium basement membrane 2, stay limit 2.1 on composite membrane and one side parallel longitudinal for no coating, with the another side of parallel longitudinal be that coating adds webbing 1.11, be in interval alternative distribution by continuous coating district 1.1 and lattice district 1.2 in the vertical at the coating that stays limit 2.1 and add between the webbing 1.11, these two kinds of zone width in the vertical about equally, continuously 1~3mm can slightly shorten than lattice district's 1.2 vertical width in coating district 1.1.
The coating in above-mentioned lattice district 1.2 is separated into the little stick of two row up and down by horizontal T type space bar 1.21, with many square space bars 1.22 they are separated into multiple row rectangular electrode fritter 1.23 again, every square space bar all intersects with T type space bar and is communicated with, each electrode fritter all has a coating fillet 1.24 that independently plays the miniature fuse effect to add webbing 1.11 with adjacent continuous coating district 1.1 or coating to link to each other, wherein and coating add first adjacent two fritters of webbing 1.11 coating fillet 1.24 directly across fritter 1.23 and add the centre position of the space bar between the webbing 1.11, the coating fillet 1.24 of all the other each row fritters across space bar between fritter 1.23 and the adjacent continuous coating district 1.1 from adding the nearer end of webbing, make the electric current of each little cube electrode can be with the shortest path, directly or by low-resistance continuous coating district 1.1, add webbing 1.11 by coating and flow into the capacitor external electrodes.
When rolling capacitor so that above-mentioned metal metallized safety film is stacked, press Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, the stay limit 2.1 and the coating of levels add webbing 1.11 interlaced correspondences, certain distance in the horizontal also staggers, make the both sides of lamination add webbing 1.11 and all be positioned at outstanding position, it can be connected with the metal spraying extraction electrode contact of the capacitor element end face that is rolled into.The continuous coating district 1.1 of levels is interlaced corresponding with lattice district 1.2 simultaneously, makes metallized capacitor can obtain the FR safeguard protection in lattice district.
The size representative value of the above-mentioned metal metallized safety membrane structure of the present invention is: the length of side of rectangular electrode fritter 1.23 is 5~15mm, this size is more little, make the loss of capacitance of each puncture self-healing more little, but the space bar gross area of pattern is increased, reduce the electrode effective area, can be according to the maximum allowable value design of above-mentioned affected two parameters.Vertical width in coating district 1.1 and lattice district 1.2 is about the twice of rectangular electrode fritter 1.23 length of sides, i.e. 10~30mm continuously.The width of T type space bar 1.21 and square space bar 1.22 is by its isolating power decision to the small electrode piece of puncture self-healing, operating voltage high request width more is wide more, but can improve isolating power by the heating that reduces residual gas in the capacitor and moisture, reduction capacitor, reduce space bar width (helping increasing the electrode effective area), its scope is generally 0.1~0.5mm.Play the width design of the coating fillet 1.24 of miniature fuse effect; because advantage of the present invention; can not consider the additional heating of operating current; only consider the ceiling capacity that protected electric weakness can bear when puncturing; promptly before the energy that breakdown current produces reaches this feasible value; essential fusing coating fillet 1.24; the fusing ability certainly also with thickness of coating, fillet length, shape and the capacitor of coating fillet in residue gas be pressed with the pass, under general condition coating fillet 1.24 is 0.3~0.5mm.Staying limit 2.1 width relevant with operating voltage, is 1~5mm.The width that coating adds webbing 1.11 need with stay the limit size and when reeling the intermembranous parameters such as the irregular amount in edge of two ends levels adapt, be 2~4mm.
Application of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, and can also do other improvement variation in force and extend design, for example:
Embodiment 2
The horizontal length of side of the electrode fritter 1.23 in the lattice district 1.2 can be done unequal distribution, as shown in Figure 5, the electrode fritter area that adds webbing 1.11 the closer to continuous coating is big more, allow the short electrode fritter of current path have bigger area, the long electrode fritter of current path has less area, coating fillet 1.24 also by current path with add the setting of webbing nearby principle, help so further reducing exchanging and high-frequency loss.
Embodiment 3
The electrode fritter can be designed to multiple polygon fritter electrode unit shape, such as, as shown in Figure 6, after the coating in lattice district 1.2 is separated into up and down the little sticks of two row by T type space bar 1.21, with many oblique space bars 1.22 they are separated into multiple row parallelogram electrode fritter 1.23 again, such as rhombus (the electrode fritter of both sides is trapezoidal), every oblique space bar all intersects with T type space bar and is communicated with, each electrode fritter all has a coating fillet 1.24 that independently plays the miniature fuse effect to add webbing 1.11 with adjacent continuous coating district 1.1 or coating to link to each other, coating fillet 1.24 also by current path with add the setting of webbing nearby principle, help the flow path of edge current in the electrode fritter like this and flow to more reasonable.
Embodiment 4
Vertical partition formula metallized safety film capacitor electrode structure of the present invention can also be extended design, and concatenation type safety film capacitor in being applied to can increase operating voltage, is applicable to make the ac high-voltage capacitor.With serial connection in Unit two is example: as Fig. 7, Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9, last rete S, down rete X is closely connected stacked, and it is basic identical that each is connected in series the electrode structure of the electrode structure of two membranes up and down of unit and Xiang Dui Guan Department and embodiment 1 safety film capacitor; The serial connection unit transverse is arranged according to the order of sequence, aligning method is: the lower membrane outside of a unit adds webbing 1.11 for coating, be connected with outside metal spraying, unit inside is for staying the limit, fuse with the limit of staying that coexists lower membrane but belong to the b unit, stay limit 2.2 in synthesizing, lower membrane both sides of the edge coating is thickeied and is become to add webbing 1.11; And the last rete of a unit outside is continuous coating 1.5 for staying limit 2.1, unit inside, and this continuous coating fuses with coexist upper strata but the continuous coating of genus b unit.The element of concatenation type safety film capacitor in the present embodiment, its security reliability is identical with embodiment 1 with the advantage of falling aspects such as the maximum alternate current operation temperature rise in the end, but operating voltage can increase to twice.As stated above, can realize multiunit in serial connection, can realize higher withstand voltage.
The foregoing description only is an object lesson of the present invention, and all equivalences of doing according to the content of the present patent application scope change and modify, and all should be the protection range of technical solution of the present invention.