CN101866321B - Adjustment method and system for cache management strategy - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustment method and an adjustment system for a cache management strategy, relates to the field of the cache of the processor of a computer, and aims to solve the problem of reduction in system performance caused by deviation between a decision making mode of the cache management strategy and the actual demand of applying the access action in the prior art. The system comprises a working subsystem, a testing subsystem and an adjusting subsystem, wherein the working subsystem and the testing subsystem make up of the entire cache; the cache in the working subsystem is managed by the working subsystem by using a cache management strategy; the testing subsystem comprises a plurality of test groups; a different cache management strategy is adopted by each test group to manage the cache in the test group; the access failure rate information of the test groups is acquired by the adjusting subsystem; and the cache management strategy adopted by the working subsystem is adjusted according to the access failure rate information of the plurality of test groups.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer processor high-speed cache field, particularly relate to a kind of method of adjustment and system of cache management strategy.
Background technology
Cache memory (Cache is also referred to as high-speed cache) is one of important component part of computer processor, is a kind of storer of storage speed between register and internal memory.The principle of locality of utilizing program to carry out; Arrive high-speed cache to the data storage that will visit as much as possible; When processor needs data, can submit to processor to data, reduce the memory access time delay, improve the purpose of processor performance thereby reach with very little time delay.
Because cache capacity is less, need effectively manage high-speed cache, the data that as far as possible processor needed are put in the high-speed cache, thereby reduce system's memory access inefficacy probability, reduce the memory access cost, improve the overall performance of system.
At present, the replacement management method of high-speed cache employing mainly comprises the method for replacing at random (random), FIFO replacement method (FIFO) and least recently used replacement method (LRU) etc.Wherein, LRU replacement method is generally believed, and combination property is higher, has therefore obtained the extensive employing of industry member, widely applies in the general processor cache design.
Using recently at most (MRU) replacement policies in the LRU replacement method, is that the cache lines of newly inserting is put into recently the method for use locations at most, in, when locality preferably use better performances less in the face of working set, can bring less memory access to lose efficacy.
But; A large amount of successions are visited, working set is big, the relatively poor application program of locality is widely used along with network and multimedia etc. is easy to generate; Adopt traditional LRU replacement management by methods high-speed cache can not satisfy the high performance demands of these application programs, tend to bring bigger inefficacy loss and memory access cost.
Insert the shortcoming and defect of strategy to LRU replacement method; A series of optimization method and improvement project have successively appearred; Comprise minimum insertion strategy (Least Insertion Policy; LIP), (Bimodal Insertion Policy is BIP) with dynamic strategy (Dynamic Insertion Policy, the DIP) strategy of inserting for bimodal insertion strategy.In these prioritization schemes, DIP strategy is owing to have the function of dynamically switching according to the memory access behavior between between LIP and these two kinds of strategies of DIP, thereby has higher performance and application promise in clinical practice.
But; Because program run has the locality characteristics; Getting in touch between the running status of present procedure operation action and over and done with longer a period of time is less; If the dynamic decision of DIP strategy is not done corresponding adjustment according to current application operation variation, may make the erroneous decision that does not meet the current application operation action, thereby bring bigger inefficacy loss and performance cost.In addition, even the DIP strategy is adjusted, also should dynamically adjust according to the behavior of program run.
Adopt the relatively poor static state adjustment mode of dirigibility; Although realize comparatively simple; But fundamentally do not change DIP decision-making mode and the behavior of current application actual motion and get in touch less problem; Thereby can't satisfy the performance requirement of various complex situations, especially in the face of multithreading multiprocessor shared buffer memory structure the time, performance is often relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is method of adjustment and the system that a kind of cache management strategy need be provided, and solves prior art high speed buffer memory and dynamically inserts the strategic decision-making mode and use memory access behavior actual needs and the problem that system performance that deviation causes reduces occurs.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of Adjustment System of cache management strategy, said system comprise working subsystem, test subsystems and adjustment subsystem, and said working subsystem and said test subsystems constitute whole high-speed caches, wherein:
Said working subsystem adopts a kind of cache management strategy to manage the high-speed cache in the said working subsystem;
Said test subsystems comprises a plurality of testing group, and each testing group adopts the high-speed cache in different this testing group of cache management strategy management respectively;
Said adjustment subsystem obtains the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, and according to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts is adjusted.
Further, said test subsystems comprises the cache lines that responds current process.
Further, the cache lines quantity that each testing group comprised in the said test subsystems equates.
Further, said adjustment subsystem comprises acquisition module, selects module and adjusting module, wherein:
Said acquisition module is used to obtain the visit crash rate information of each testing group;
Said selection module; Link to each other with said acquisition module; Be used for visit crash rate information, select in these a plurality of testing group the target cache operating strategy of a cache management strategy that testing group adopted as said working subsystem according to said a plurality of testing group;
Said adjusting module links to each other with said selection module, is used for the adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that are provided with in advance according to this locality, adjusts the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts.
Further, the visit crash rate information obtained of said acquisition module is the visit crash rate information of one or more unit interval sheets.
Further, said adjusting module comprises record cell, judging unit and adjustment unit, wherein:
Said record cell is used to write down the number of times of the same target cache operating strategy of said selection module Continuous Selection;
Said judging unit links to each other with said record cell, is used to judge whether the number of times of said record cell reaches the threshold value that is provided with in advance;
Said adjustment unit links to each other with said judging unit, is used for when judgment unit judges reaches said threshold value, and the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopted is adjusted into said target cache operating strategy.
A kind of method of adjustment of cache management strategy comprises:
High-speed cache is divided into working subsystem and test subsystems;
Said test subsystems is divided into the testing group of the different cache management strategy of a plurality of employings;
Obtain the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group;
According to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts is adjusted.
Further, said high-speed cache is divided into working subsystem and test subsystems, comprises:
Obtain the process status of the current response of said high-speed cache;
According to the state of the current response of said high-speed cache, will comprise the cache lines that responds current process as test subsystems, remaining cache lines is as working subsystem.
Further, said said test subsystems is divided into the testing group of the different cache management strategy of a plurality of employings, comprises:
Said test subsystems is divided into a plurality of testing group that comprise the equal number cache lines, and wherein each testing group adopts different cache management strategy manage high-speed caches.
Further, said visit crash rate information according to said a plurality of testing group is adjusted the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts, and comprising:
Obtain the visit crash rate information of each testing group;
According to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, select in these a plurality of testing group the target cache operating strategy of a cache management strategy that testing group adopted as said working subsystem;
According to adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that this locality is provided with in advance, adjust the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts.
Further, the said visit crash rate information visit crash rate information that is one or more unit interval sheets.
Further, said adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that is provided with in advance according to this locality adjusted the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts, and comprising:
Write down the number of times of the same target cache operating strategy of said selection module Continuous Selection;
Judge whether said recorded times reaches the threshold value that is provided with in advance;
If judge to reach said threshold value, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopted be adjusted into said target cache operating strategy; Otherwise, the cache management strategy of not adjusting said working subsystem and being adopted.
Technical scheme provided by the invention; Test result through the testing group that adopts the different cache operating strategy is exported is adjusted the cache management strategy that adopts in the working subsystem; Guarantee that the strategy that adopts in the working subsystem is consistent with application memory access behavior actual needs; Reduce the cost that memory access was lost efficacy, improved system performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 provides the schematic flow sheet of a kind of method of adjustment embodiment of cache management strategy for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for adjustment application example of a kind of cache management strategy provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 provides the structural representation of a kind of Adjustment System embodiment of cache management strategy for the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of middle adjustment subsystem 303 embodiment illustrated in fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of middle adjusting module 403 embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.
Embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the present invention is done to specify further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for adjustment embodiment of a kind of cache management strategy provided by the invention.Method embodiment shown in Figure 1 comprises:
Step S101, high-speed cache is divided into working subsystem and test subsystems;
Step S102, said test subsystems is divided into the testing group of the different cache management strategy of a plurality of employings;
Step S103, obtain the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group;
Step S104, according to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts is adjusted.
Because program has the locality characteristic, the user mode that is cached at cache lines in the response process process also has the locality characteristic, and therefore in step S101, the division of subsystem specifically comprises: the process status of obtaining the current response of said high-speed cache; According to said process status; To comprise that the cache lines that responds current process is as test subsystems; Remaining cache lines is as working subsystem; Wherein this test subsystems can all be the cache lines that is used to respond current process, also can be partly for to be used to respond the cache lines of current process, if be part; The cache lines that is used for responding current process should account for the over half of whole test subsystems cache lines sums, thereby guarantees that the cache lines that test subsystems comprised can embody the current current process state that is responding.
In order to reduce the error of test result; Each testing group comprises the cache lines of equal number in test subsystems described in the step S102; And each testing group adopts different cache management strategy manage high-speed caches; Test basis to guarantee each testing group is consistent, avoids occurring because the error that cache lines quantity disunity causes.
In step 103; Through test; Different Strategies therefrom obtains a preference policy to the treatment effect of current process under the current process state, and the process of wherein adjusting the cache management strategy of said working subsystem employing comprises: the visit crash rate information of obtaining each testing group; According to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, select in these a plurality of testing group the target cache operating strategy of a cache management strategy that testing group adopted as said working subsystem; According to adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that this locality is provided with in advance, adjust the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts.In this step, adopt unit interval sheet visit crash rate to calculate; Overcome in the prior art that access number differs the problem that can't embody each tactful access characteristic more for a long time according to unit interval sheet visit failure number information between the testing group; Adopt unit interval sheet visit crash rate provided by the invention can accurately embody the access characteristic of each testing group; Thereby, guarantee the accuracy of policy selection carrying out tactful selection under the access characteristic condition accurately.
The visit crash rate information that wherein said visit crash rate information is one or more unit interval sheets.
Because in the running status of program is not plateau; Can accidental too much the or very few sight of resource requirement occur, cause process status to undergo mutation, become non-flat stable state; If therefore only adjust with regard to the strategy that working subsystem is adopted at once according to the preference policy of once selecting; When program when non-flat stable state is recovered plateau, the operation strategy that adjusted strategy and incompatibility are current, thus caused erroneous judgement.Therefore judge by accident for avoiding in the present embodiment, the process of adjusting in conjunction with the tactful and said target cache operating strategy of said adjustment comprises: the number of times that writes down the same target cache operating strategy of said selection module Continuous Selection; Judge whether said recorded times reaches the threshold value that is provided with in advance; If judge to reach said threshold value, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopted be adjusted into said target cache operating strategy; Otherwise, the cache management strategy of not adjusting said working subsystem and being adopted.
In conjunction with technique scheme, describe with an application example below:
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for adjustment application example of a kind of cache management strategy provided by the invention.Method embodiment shown in Figure 2 comprises the steps:
Step S201 is divided into part of detecting, adjustment member and working portion with high-speed cache, and wherein this part of detecting comprises the cache lines of current response process;
Step S202 is divided into first testing group and second testing group with part of detecting, and the quantity of the cache lines that this first testing group and second testing group are comprised equates; The cache lines number that is used to carry out the test of single replacement policy can set up on their own when realizing, is no more than 5% (present embodiment be set at number of lines sum 5%) of number of lines sum in the high-speed cache in principle;
First testing group adopts the LRU replacement policy, and second testing group adopts the BIP replacement policy; Aforesaid first testing group also can be referred to as the LRU testing group, and second testing group also can be referred to as the BIP testing group;
Step S203, adjustment member be provided with a mask register (policy selector, psel), move to right time number register (shr_num) and four access register.These two access register comprise first access register, second access register, the 3rd access register and the 4th access register; Wherein first access register is used to write down LRU testing group unit interval sheet visit sum; Second access register is used to write down LRU testing group unit interval sheet visit failure number; The 3rd access register is used to write down BIP testing group unit interval sheet visit sum, and the 4th access register is used to write down BIP testing group unit interval sheet visit failure number;
Step S204 utilizes the visit sum of these four access register record high-speed cache testing group unit interval sheets and visits failure number;
Step S205 obtains the unit interval sheet of first testing group and second testing group and visits crash rate, wherein unit interval sheet visit crash rate=unit interval sheet visit failure number/unit interval sheet visit sum;
Step S206; Obtain unit interval sheet crash rate poor of first testing group and second testing group; And be recorded in the Misses_difference register, and this Misses_difference register can generate a sign bit according to the output result and be used to identify the positive and negative of failure number, and for example the difference of two testing group unit interval sheet failure numbers is greater than 0; Be designated 1, otherwise be designated 0;
Step S207, poor according to this unit interval sheet crash rate is predicted as the preference policy of current system with LRU strategy or BIP strategy, obtains predicting the outcome of a preference policy; As giving an actual example among the step S204, be 1 o'clock in the Misses_difference register identification, the preference policy that the mark prediction obtains is the LRU strategy; Be designated at 0 o'clock, the preference policy that the mark prediction obtains is the LRU strategy.
Step S208; The current strategies of sign bit indication compares in preference policy during this is predicted the outcome and this psel register, if two kinds of strategies are identical, then changes step S209; Otherwise change step S210; Wherein with reference to giving an actual example among the step S206, sign bit 0 is the LIP strategy in the configurable psel register, and sign bit 1 is the BIP strategy;
Step S209, the tired value that subtracts this time number register (shr_num) that moves to right promptly adds 1 operation, and in the present embodiment, the value of this shr_num register is 8 to the maximum, and minimum is 0; Change step S211 afterwards;
Step S210, the value of this time number register (shr_num) that moves to right that adds up promptly subtracts 1 operation; Change step S211 afterwards;
Step S211 carries out right-shift operation to the psel register, carries out and dynamically inserts the adjustment of strategy unit interval sheet; When wherein the psel register is carried out right-shift operation; The value decision that the figure place that moves to right is changed by the shr_num register; For example; The shr_num register adds up and the tired different figure place that moves to right respectively that subtracts, and according to the result that moves to right the sign bit of the strategy that is used to identify the work at present part on the psel register and adopted is adjusted;
Can certainly, the continuous several times preference policy revise the sign bit on the psel register again when being LIP or BIP strategy;
Step S212 after right-shift operation is accomplished, to above-mentioned four access register, execution clear operation, to note the memory access information of a timeslice, adjusts operation, specifically referring to step S204～S212 next time.
Method provided by the invention; Test result through the testing group that adopts the different cache operating strategy is exported is adjusted the cache management strategy that adopts in the working subsystem; Guarantee that the strategy that adopts in the working subsystem is consistent with application memory access behavior actual needs; Reduce the cost that memory access was lost efficacy, improved system performance.
Fig. 3 provides the structural representation of a kind of Adjustment System embodiment of cache management strategy for the present invention.In conjunction with the method shown in Fig. 1 and 2, system shown in Figure 3 embodiment comprises working subsystem 301, test subsystems 302 and adjustment subsystem 303, and said working subsystem 301 constitutes whole high-speed caches with said test subsystems 302, wherein:
Said working subsystem 301 adopts a kind of cache management strategy to manage the high-speed cache in the said working subsystem;
Said test subsystems 302 comprises a plurality of testing group, and each testing group adopts the high-speed cache in different this testing group of cache management strategy management respectively;
Said adjustment subsystem 303 obtains the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, and according to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts is adjusted.
Wherein said test subsystems 302 comprises the cache lines that responds current process.
The cache lines that each testing group comprised in the wherein said test subsystems 302 equates.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of middle adjustment subsystem 303 embodiment illustrated in fig. 3.Adjustment subsystem 303 shown in Figure 4 comprises acquisition module 401, selects module 402 and adjusting module 403, wherein:
Said acquisition module 401 is used to obtain the visit crash rate information of each testing group;
Said adjusting module 403 links to each other with said selection module 402, is used for the adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that are provided with in advance according to this locality, adjusts the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts.
The visit crash rate information that wherein said acquisition module 401 obtains is the visit crash rate information of one or more unit interval sheets.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of middle adjusting module 403 embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.Adjusting module 403 shown in Figure 5 comprises record cell 501, judging unit 502 and adjustment unit 503, wherein:
Said record cell 501 is used to write down the number of times of the same target cache operating strategy of said selection module Continuous Selection;
Said judging unit 502 links to each other with said record cell 501, is used to judge whether the number of times of said record cell 501 reaches the threshold value that is provided with in advance;
Said adjustment unit 503 links to each other with said judging unit 502, is used for when judging unit 502 judgements reach said threshold value, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopted being adjusted into said target cache operating strategy.
System provided by the invention; Test result through the testing group that adopts the different cache operating strategy is exported is adjusted the cache management strategy that adopts in the working subsystem; Guarantee that the strategy that adopts in the working subsystem is consistent with application memory access behavior actual needs; Reduce the cost that memory access was lost efficacy, improved system performance.
The all or part of step that the one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the foregoing description program circuit that can use a computer is realized; Said computer program can be stored in the computer-readable recording medium; Said computer program (like system, unit, device etc.) on the relevant hardware platform is carried out; When carrying out, comprise one of step or its combination of method embodiment.
Alternatively, all or part of step of the foregoing description also can use integrated circuit to realize, these steps can be made into integrated circuit modules one by one respectively, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step is made into the single integrated circuit module and realizes.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
Each device/functional module/functional unit in the foregoing description can adopt the general calculation device to realize, they can concentrate on the single calculation element, also can be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation element forms.
Each device/functional module/functional unit in the foregoing description is realized with the form of software function module and during as independently production marketing or use, can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium.The above-mentioned computer read/write memory medium of mentioning can be a ROM (read-only memory), disk or CD etc.
The above; Be merely embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; Can expect easily changing or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the described protection domain of claim.
Claims (8)
1. the Adjustment System of a cache management strategy is characterized in that, said system comprises working subsystem, test subsystems and adjustment subsystem, and said working subsystem and said test subsystems constitute whole high-speed caches, wherein:
Said working subsystem adopts a kind of cache management strategy to manage the high-speed cache in the said working subsystem;
Said test subsystems comprises a plurality of testing group, and each testing group adopts the high-speed cache in different this testing group of cache management strategy management respectively;
Said adjustment subsystem obtains the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, and according to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts is adjusted;
Wherein, said adjustment subsystem comprises acquisition module, selects module and adjusting module, wherein:
Said acquisition module is used to obtain the visit crash rate information of each testing group;
Said selection module; Link to each other with said acquisition module; Be used for visit crash rate information, select in these a plurality of testing group the target cache operating strategy of a cache management strategy that testing group adopted as said working subsystem according to said a plurality of testing group;
Said adjusting module links to each other with said selection module, is used for the adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that are provided with in advance according to this locality, adjusts the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts;
Wherein, said adjusting module comprises record cell, judging unit and adjustment unit, wherein:
Said record cell is used to write down the number of times of the same target cache operating strategy of said selection module Continuous Selection;
Said judging unit links to each other with said record cell, is used to judge whether the number of times of said record cell reaches the threshold value that is provided with in advance;
Said adjustment unit links to each other with said judging unit, is used for when judgment unit judges reaches said threshold value, and the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopted is adjusted into said target cache operating strategy.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that said test subsystems comprises the cache lines that responds current process.
3. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the cache lines quantity that each testing group comprised in the said test subsystems equates.
4. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the visit crash rate information that said acquisition module obtains is the visit crash rate information of one or more unit interval sheets.
5. the method for adjustment of a cache management strategy is characterized in that, comprising:
High-speed cache is divided into working subsystem and test subsystems;
Said test subsystems is divided into the testing group of the different cache management strategy of a plurality of employings;
Obtain the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group;
According to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts is adjusted;
Wherein, said visit crash rate information according to said a plurality of testing group is adjusted the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts, and comprising:
Obtain the visit crash rate information of each testing group;
According to the visit crash rate information of said a plurality of testing group, select in these a plurality of testing group the target cache operating strategy of a cache management strategy that testing group adopted as said working subsystem;
According to adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that this locality is provided with in advance, adjust the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts.
Wherein, said adjustment strategy and the said target cache operating strategy that is provided with in advance according to this locality adjusted the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopts, and comprising:
The number of times of the same target cache operating strategy of record Continuous Selection;
Judge whether said recorded times reaches the threshold value that is provided with in advance;
If judge to reach said threshold value, the cache management strategy that said working subsystem adopted be adjusted into said target cache operating strategy; Otherwise, the cache management strategy of not adjusting said working subsystem and being adopted.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said high-speed cache is divided into working subsystem and test subsystems, comprising:
Obtain the process status of the current response of said high-speed cache;
According to the state of the current response of said high-speed cache, will comprise the cache lines that responds current process as test subsystems, remaining cache lines is as working subsystem.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described methods, it is characterized in that, said said test subsystems be divided into the testing group of the different cache management strategy of a plurality of employings, comprising:
Said test subsystems is divided into a plurality of testing group that comprise the equal number cache lines, and wherein each testing group adopts different cache management strategy management of cache.
8. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the visit crash rate information that said visit crash rate information is one or more unit interval sheets.
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