CN101866090B - Programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit and electric pulse delay unit - Google Patents
Programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit and electric pulse delay unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101866090B CN101866090B CN2009100818940A CN200910081894A CN101866090B CN 101866090 B CN101866090 B CN 101866090B CN 2009100818940 A CN2009100818940 A CN 2009100818940A CN 200910081894 A CN200910081894 A CN 200910081894A CN 101866090 B CN101866090 B CN 101866090B
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Abstract
The invention provides a programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit and an electric pulse delay unit. The programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit comprises a first four-port polarized beam splitter/combiner (1), a second four-port polarized beam splitter/combiner (2) and a phase modulator (3), wherein the phase modulator (3) is used for applying modulation voltage to change the phases of the passing optical pulses, thus changing the final polarization state. The optical pulse delay unit has simple structure, is convenient to integrate and can be used for polarized optical pulse delay of all optical fibers and free space. As all the devices are the standard optical fiber devices in optical communication, the devices can be integrated in a small package by the optical integration technology. The programmable optical pulse delay unit is simple and convenient in control and programmable optical delay output can be realized by applying modulation voltage on the phase modulator. The programmable optical pulse delay unit combines electro-optical conversion and optical-electro conversion and can utilize optical delay to expand the range of electric delay.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to light delay technique field, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit and electric pulse delay unit.
Background technology
In optical communication and light signal process field, often need delay time to light pulse signal.For example, the mistiming that often needs the two-way light pulse for interferometer is in its coherence time, but in fact, the light path that is difficult to maintenance two light paths is equal fully.At this moment, can use optical time delay unit, one of them light pulse is delayed time, through regulating time-delay two-beam is in coherence time and the coherent length when interfering, thereby realize stable interference.In the exchange system and connecting system of light packet switching network, the race problem of bag often appears, solution relatively more commonly used is one of them the time-delay a period of time the bag of vying each other, treat that another packet switch is accomplished after, handle this bag again.In optical time division multiplexing system, can extract light through the light time-delay and exchange needed clock signal.In wavelength-division multiplex, particularly dense wavelength division multiplexing system, jumbo tunable optical chronotron can be realized the light buffer zone, to reduce packet loss, improves the performance of communication system greatly.In the optical fiber CDMA, can realize coder/decoder at a high speed through the tunable optical chronotron.
At present, all relatively pay attention to both at home and abroad the research of optical time delay unit, existing technical scheme comprises following several kinds: optical delay line adds the switch scheme, regulates the space length scheme, based on the interference ring of wavelength conversion etc.
Optical delay line adds the switch scheme: this scheme only is simply with the parallel connection of the optical fiber of different length or be cascaded, and the optical line warp that uses switch control light pulse to pass by reaches the time-delay of different length.In this scheme, the fiber lengths of parallel connection or series connection is once confirming that time-delay is just confirmed, can not regulate arbitrarily as required, so extendability is poor.And, obtain more accurate if desired and the wider time-delay of reference time delay, need to use multi-stage fiber and a plurality of photoswitch, cause the total system bulky complex, poor practicability.
Regulate the space length scheme: this scheme is generally sent into light signal between two catoptrons of free space, and light signal is penetrated from the other end.Through the distance of accommodation reflex mirror, can realize different time delay.But this scheme needs very accurate physical construction, and cost is high, and volume is big, and reference time delay is short, if want the time-delay of several microseconds just to need several kilometers light path, indoor very unrealistic.Manual and the automatically controlled fiber delay line VariDelay of U.S. General Photonics company for example in fibre system, but its delay time has only 330ps and 660ps respectively.
Interference ring based on wavelength conversion: light pulse is become the another one wavelength through wavelength conversion; Send into a loop; When exporting if desired; Use demodulation multiplexer and wavelength shifter that its wavelength is changed once more, from chronotron, export, the length of time-delay depends on the round-robin number of times of light signal in fiber optic loop.This scheme invention complex structure, and light signal round-robin number of times receives the restriction of wavelength shifter quantity, and the time that can delay time is not long.In addition, wavelength conversion can exert an influence to former light pulse, and output optical pulse has been original light pulse no longer.And in practical application, need use former light pulse to carry out follow-up operation sometimes.
In addition, " decimal system programmable optical time-delay mechanism " of one Chinese patent application numbers 200310109273 provides a kind of programmable smooth time-delay mechanism, and this invention relates to a kind of decimal system programmable optical time-delay mechanism.As shown in Figure 1; This light time-delay mechanism comprises multistage chronotron module; The fiber delay line of every grade of external different length of chronotron module; The identical chronotron module higher level chronotron module light signal output end mouth of a plurality of structures connects the mode of subordinate's chronotron module light signal input port connects, the light input end mouth of the light input end mouth constituent apparatus of the chronotron module of upper level, the optical output port of the optical output port constituent apparatus of the chronotron module of next stage.Fig. 2 illustrates the inner structure of the single time delay module in this device; As shown in Figure 2, single time delay module inner structure is very complicated, and the control timing accuracy requirement is high; Thereby cause the apparatus structure of Fig. 1 very complicated; Be not easy to integrated, poor practicability, and the light pulse of output no longer is the light pulse of original character through wavelength conversion repeatedly.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the defective of existing polarized optical pulse delay unit complex structure, integrated level and poor practicability, the present invention proposes programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit and electric pulse delay unit.
According to an aspect of the present invention, proposed a kind of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit, having comprised:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner, the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and phase-modulator, the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner are 45 ° of angles;
Wherein, first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to receive the light pulse of parallel polarization, and second port of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; The 3rd port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with first port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 4th port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with the 4th port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 3rd port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with first port of said phase-modulator; Second port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with second port of said phase-modulator;
Said phase-modulator adds the phase place that modulation voltage changes the light pulse of passing through.
Wherein, the light pulse of first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner input is the linearly polarized light of parallel polarization.
Wherein, the distance of light pulse from second port transmission of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner to second port of said phase-modulator and unequal to the distance of first port of said phase-modulator from the 3rd port transmission of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner.
Wherein, Said phase-modulator adds modulation voltage to be modulated one of them component from the light pulse component of said second the two input of port of said first port of said phase-modulator and said phase-modulator, and this modulation voltage can be a half-wave voltage.
According to a further aspect in the invention, propose a kind of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit, comprising:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner, the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and phase-modulator, the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner are 45 ° of angles;
Wherein, first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to receive the light pulse of vertical polarization, and the 3rd port of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; Second port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with first port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 4th port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with the 4th port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 3rd port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with first port of said phase-modulator; Second port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is connected with second port of said phase-modulator;
Said phase-modulator adds the phase place that modulation voltage changes the light pulse of passing through.
According to another aspect of the invention, propose a kind of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit, comprising:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner, the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and phase-modulator, the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is identical with the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner;
First half-wave plate and second half-wave plate, the polarization direction that is used to change light pulse;
Wherein, first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to receive the light pulse of parallel polarization, and second port of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; The 3rd port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is through first port coupling of first half-wave plate and said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 4th port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is through the 4th port coupling of second half-wave plate and said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 3rd port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and the coupling of first port of said phase-modulator; Second port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and the coupling of second port of said phase-modulator;
Said phase-modulator adds the phase place that modulation voltage is used to change the light pulse of passing through;
Said first half-wave plate is identical with the major axes orientation of said second half-wave plate, and the major axes orientation of said first half-wave plate becomes 22.5 ° of angles with respect to the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner.
Wherein, the distance of said light pulse from second port transmission of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner to second port of said phase-modulator and unequal to the distance of first port of said phase-modulator from the 3rd port transmission of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner.
Wherein, the light pulse of first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner input is the linearly polarized light of parallel polarization.
Said programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit also comprises:
Be arranged in the 4th port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and first catoptron between said second half-wave plate;
Be arranged in the 4th port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and second catoptron between said second half-wave plate;
Be arranged in second port and the 3rd catoptron between the said phase-modulator, the 4th catoptron and the 5th catoptron of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner;
Said these catoptrons and incident light can be 45 and arrange.
According to another aspect of the invention, propose a kind of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit, comprising:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner, the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and phase-modulator, the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is identical with the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner;
First half-wave plate and second half-wave plate, the polarization direction that is used to change light pulse;
Wherein, first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to receive the light pulse of vertical polarization, and the 3rd port of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; Second port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is through first port coupling of first half-wave plate and said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 4th port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is through the 4th port coupling of second half-wave plate and said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner; The 3rd port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and the coupling of first port of said phase-modulator; Second port of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner and the coupling of second port of said phase-modulator;
Said phase-modulator adds the phase place that modulation voltage is used to change the light pulse of passing through;
Said first half-wave plate is identical with the major axes orientation of said second half-wave plate, and the major axes orientation of said first half-wave plate becomes 22.5 ° of angles with respect to the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner.
According to another aspect of the invention, propose a kind of electric pulse delay unit able to programme, comprising:
Second port of above-mentioned the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is as the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit output;
The electric to optic converter that connects first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner;
Light/the electric transducer that connects second port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner.
According to another aspect of the invention, propose a kind of electric pulse delay unit able to programme, comprising:
The 3rd port of above-mentioned the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner is as the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit output;
The electric to optic converter that connects first port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner;
Light/the electric transducer that connects the 3rd port of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner.
Programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit provided by the invention is simple in structure, is convenient to integratedly, because all devices are the standard fiber device in the optical communication, can be integrated in the very little encapsulation through the light integrated technology; Control simple and conveniently, only on phase-modulator, add modulation voltage twice, just can realize programmable light time-delay output through first end.
In addition; This programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit can be processed the chronotron of different ranges; And be together in series them, to reach the chronotron of different ranges and precision, because the size of time-delay depends on length of fiber and round-robin number of times in the chronotron; so long Like this, can realize the light time-delay of different accuracy through the length of regulating the light path path.For example, utilize existing integrated optics technique, can be with this contraction in length to the millimeter magnitude, the step-length of time-delay can be as small as several picosecond magnitudes; If it is long that length is provided with, then can realize nanosecond, microsecond or longer time-delay step-length.Through regulating length of fiber, just can realize different time delay step-length, different range and the optical time delay unit of precision.
This programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit is very little to the influence of light pulse: optical loss is little, and the light pulse of time-delay output is original light pulse, and polarization also is consistent, and changes its character through operation such as wavelength conversion, and this in some occasion of great use.In addition, this optical pulse delay unit antijamming capability is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the decimal system programmable optical pulse time-delay mechanism of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of the single time delay module of prior art;
Fig. 3 is programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit structural representation according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is that the polarization state of the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of Fig. 3 is analyzed synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that another polarization state of the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of Fig. 3 is analyzed synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is for be used for the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit structural representation of free space according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that the polarization state of the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of Fig. 6 is analyzed synoptic diagram; With
Fig. 8 is the electric pulse delay unit structural representation able to programme of another embodiment according to the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment a kind of programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit provided by the invention and electric pulse delay unit are described in detail.
Programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of the present invention is used for the time-delay of linearly polarized light, and in fact, the major part of polarized light is a linearly polarized light.Programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit is based on the stack of polarized light, changes the polarization polarized state of light and it circulate in the chronotron internal loop and do not export, and returns original polarization state through change once more and makes it export the time-delay that realizes light pulse.In the present embodiment, be example so that the light pulse of parallel polarization is delayed time.
Fig. 3 is the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of complete according to an embodiment of the invention optical fiber.As shown in Figure 3, programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit comprises four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and phase-modulator 3.Wherein, the printing opacity polarization direction of the printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is 45 ° of angles.The polarization direction is parallel to the light beam of printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/ combiners 1 or 2 with complete transmission; The polarization direction will be reflected perpendicular to the light beam of four port polarization beam splitting/ combiners 1 or 2 printing opacity polarization directions fully, and the light beam that polarization direction and four port polarization beam splitting/ combiners 1 or 2 printing opacity polarization directions are 45 ° of angles is with half reflection of a half transmitting.
4 ports of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 are respectively A, B, C, D, and 4 ports of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 are respectively E, F, G, H, and 2 ports of phase-modulator 3 are respectively J, K.
Wherein, the C port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is connected with the E port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2; The H port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 is connected with the D port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1; The G port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 is connected with the J port of phase-modulator 3; The F port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 is connected with the K port of phase-modulator 3; The A port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is as the light pulse input of whole device; The B port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is as the light pulse time-delay output of whole device; Four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and phase-modulator 3 constitute one ' 8 ' font loop; Realize light pulse circulation always in this loop of certain polarization, the light pulse of perpendicular polarization does not then circulate in loop and exports from the B port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.
Phase-modulator 3 is used to add the phase place that modulation voltage changes the light pulse of being passed through; When for example adding half-wave voltage; The light pulse phase change π that passes through; After feasible two light pulses returning from the port F and the port G of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 were synthesized, the light pulse polarization state of exporting from port H changed.
From the light pulse of the parallel polarization of A port incident of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 (as previously mentioned; Four port polarization beam splitting/combiners are to the transmittance of parallel polarization; To the reflection of the light of vertical polarization, if incident is vertical polarization, then light pulse can transmission; Will be directly from B port reflection output, the chronotron remainder will not participated in work; In actual the use; Can adopt certain methods that polarization is become parallel polarization and make its input); Shown in Fig. 4 a, wherein, incident light pulse is along the normal incidence of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners, 1 port A; X-Y is the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, and X '-Y ' is the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2.The parallel polarization light pulse L of input is parallel polarization in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, so it is in the complete transmission of interphase, exports and send into the port E of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 from port C.
Because the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 are 45 ° of angles; Therefore light pulse L is-45 ° of polarized lights in coordinate system the X '-Y ' of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2; Then the interphase of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 is equally divided into two light pulse component Lx ' and Ly ' with light pulse L, shown in Fig. 4 b.Light pulse component Lx ' is a parallel polarization in coordinate system the X '-Y ' of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, therefore transmission is exported through port G; Light pulse component Ly ' is vertical polarization in coordinate system the X '-Y ' of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, therefore will be from port F reflection output.
The light pulse component Lx ' that exports from the G port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 passes through phase-modulator 3; Port F from four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 returns again; Because light pulse component Lx ' is the parallel polarization state in four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2; Therefore, it will be exported from port H transmission.
The light pulse component Ly ' that exports from the F port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 passes through phase-modulator 3, and the port G from four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 returns again.Because light pulse component Ly ' is an orthogonal polarization state in four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, therefore, it will be exported from the port h reflex.
Like this; Usually, two component Lx ' of light pulse and Ly ' are transferred to the distance of J and K port of phase-modulator 3 respectively from the G port with from the F port unequal, that is to say; The employed time is unequal; Guaranteeing that two light pulse component Lx ' and Ly ' can not pass through phase-modulator simultaneously, but Lx ' and Ly ' will be combined into a light pulse again in the interphase stack of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and from port H output.
The influence of 3 pairs of light polarization of phase-modulator when phase-modulator 3 is passed through in following surface analysis light pulse.
If phase-modulator 3 is not modulated light pulse; Be that modulation voltage is 0; After then light pulse component Lx ' and Ly ' return the interphase of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2; With being combined into polarization state again is the light pulse L when inciding port E originally, is-45 ° of polarization states in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2.This light pulse L sends into the port D of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 after the output of the H port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2.Because light pulse L is a parallel polarization in the coordinate system X-Y of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, therefore four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 are passed through in transmission, export from port B.
One of them is modulated to Lx ' and Ly ' two light pulse components if phase-modulator 3 adds half-wave voltage, for example light pulse component Ly ' is modulated and Lx ' is not modulated.Like this, when two light pulse components returned four port polarization beam splittings/combiner 2 again, the phase place of light pulse component Lx ' did not change, and Ly ' becomes behind phase change π-Ly ', shown in Fig. 4 b.Two light pulses this moment just become light pulse L ' after the H port superposes again, shown in Fig. 4 b.Light pulse L ' is 45 ° of polarized lights in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, and is orthogonal polarized light in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.Light pulse L ' sends into the port D of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 after the port H output; Because it is orthogonal polarized light in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1; To reflect output, and send into the port E of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 once more through port C.At this moment; Light pulse L ' from the port E of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 input; In the coordinate system X-Y of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is orthogonal polarization state, and is 45 ° of polarization states in coordinate system the X '-Y ' of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, shown in Fig. 5 a.Four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 are equally divided into two light pulse components, Lx with it " and Ly ", shown in Fig. 5 b.Light pulse component Lx " in coordinate system the X '-Y ' of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, be the light pulse of parallel polarization, transmission is exported from port G through four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2.Light pulse component Ly " in coordinate system the X '-Y ' of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, be the light pulse of vertical polarization, will reflect through four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and export from port F.
As stated, from the light pulse component Lx of G port output " will be through phase-modulator 3, return from the port F of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, and will be transmitted to port H at interphase and export.Light pulse component Ly from F port output " will be through phase-modulator 3, return from the port G of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, and will export to port H in surface reflections.These two light pulse components will be superposed to a light pulse again at port H place.
In said process, promptly do not carry out phase modulation (PM), then light pulse component Lx if phase-modulator 3 does not add any voltage " and Ly " superposeing again synthesizes light pulse L '.Light pulse L ' is 45 ° of polarization states in coordinate system the X '-Y ' of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, and in the coordinate system X-Y of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, is orthogonal polarization state, shown in Fig. 5 b.Light pulse L ' sends into the port D of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 once more, and reflection is from port C output, and like this, light pulse will constantly circular flow in four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, phase-modulator 3 and four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.
If phase-modulator 3 adds half-wave voltage again one of them light pulse component is modulated; For example to light pulse component Ly " modulate, and to Lx " do not modulate, like this; When two light pulse components return four port polarization beam splittings/combiner 2 again; Light pulse component Lx " phase place do not change Ly " behind phase change π, become-Ly ", shown in Fig. 5 b.At this moment, two light pulse components synthesize the light pulse L of original polarization state again.Light pulse L is-45 ° of polarized lights in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, and is parallel polarized light in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.Light pulse L sends into the port D of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 after the port H of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 output, and transmission is exported from port B through four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.
Can, light pulse modulate when coming through existing control circuit it; The length of whole optical path and light speed therein is known; Can calculate the time that light pulse arrives; When arriving, modulated light pulse, after modulated pulse is passed through, cancels modulation voltage through control circuit through the modulation voltage of control circuit loading phase-modulator 3.
Can find out from top analysis, for parallel polarization light pulse, if do not carry out phase modulation (PM) then the week of directly walking exports from port B from four port polarization beam splitting/combiners, 1 port A input.If modulation is once, polarization direction half-twist then, light pulse will not exported in the light path inner loop always like this, and this is equivalent to delay time.When needs are exported, carry out phase modulation (PM) once more, polarization is half-twist once more, and then light pulse will like this, just realize the process of overall optical pulse delay control from port B output.
In another embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit structure is adjusted slightly, also can delay time the light pulse of vertical polarization.At this moment, the first port A of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1 is used to receive the light pulse of vertical polarization, and the 3rd port C of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1 is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; The second port B of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1 is connected with the first port E of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2; The 4th port H of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2 is connected with the 4th port D of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1; The 3rd port G of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2 is connected with the first port J of said phase-modulator 3; The second port F of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2 is connected with the second port K of said phase-modulator 3.
Fig. 6 illustrates the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit that is used for free space according to another embodiment of the invention, and is as shown in Figure 6; This programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit comprises four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, phase-modulator 3, half-wave plate 4, half-wave plate 5, can also comprise catoptron 6, catoptron 7, catoptron 8, catoptron 9 and catoptron 10.
The C port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is through the E port coupling of half-wave plate 4 and four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2; The H port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 is through the D port coupling of half-wave plate 5 and four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.
Wherein, The printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 is identical with the printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1; Half-wave plate 4 is identical with the major axes orientation of half-wave plate 5; The major axes orientation of half-wave plate 4 is with respect to 22.5 ° of the clockwise deflections in the printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, and in another embodiment, the major axes orientation of half-wave plate 4 is with respect to 22.5 ° of the counterclockwise deflections in the printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.
The polarization direction is parallel to the light beam of printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/ combiners 1 or 2 with complete transmission; The polarization direction will be reflected perpendicular to the light beam of the printing opacity polarization direction of four port polarization beam splitting/ combiners 1 or 2 fully, and the light beam that polarization direction and four port polarization beam splitting/ combiners 1 or 2 printing opacity polarization directions are 45 ° of angles is with half reflection of a half transmitting.
In Fig. 7, establish the main shaft that V is a half-wave plate, the direction of major axes orientation and X axle is-22.5 ° (being positive dirction in a clockwise direction); After half-wave plate 4 or 5 are incided in the light pulse that is parallel to the X axle when the polarization direction, will become and be 22.5 ° polarized light with the major axes orientation of half-wave plate 4 or 5, be equivalent to 45 ° of the clockwise deflections of incident light.Wherein, half-wave plate 4 makes 45 ° of polarization direction deflections through the light pulse L of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, becomes the L ' among Fig. 7 a.Like this, during through four port polarization beam splittings/combiner 2, light pulse is with half transmission of a half reflection.Through after the phase modulation (PM), light pulse becomes L from the port H output of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 ", through half-wave plate 5 back light pulse L " the polarization direction be rotated once more, become the LL of vertical direction, shown in Fig. 7 b.
As shown in Figure 6; Catoptron 6, catoptron 7, catoptron 8, catoptron 9 and catoptron 10 are connected between each optical device; Constitute ' 8 ' font light path of a sealing with four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and phase-modulator 3, said these catoptrons and incident light can be the 45 layout.
4 ports of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 are respectively A, B, C, D, and 4 ports of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 are respectively E, F, G, H, and 2 ports of phase-modulator 3 are respectively J, K.
The A port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is as the light pulse input of whole device; The B port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 is as the light pulse time-delay output of whole device; Four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 and four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 constitute a loop, realize light pulse circulation always in this loop of certain polarization, and the light pulse of perpendicular polarization does not then circulate and directly output in loop.
Phase-modulator 3 is used to change the phase place of light pulse component, and the polarization state of former light pulse is changed.Phase-modulator 3 is in when work, need add half-wave voltage to it and modulate with the phase place to the light pulse passed through.
As previously mentioned, four port polarization beam splitting/combiners are to the transmittance of parallel polarization, and to the light reflection of vertical polarization, if incident is vertical polarization, then light pulse can transmission and will be directly from B port reflection output, and the chronotron remainder will not participated in work.In actual the use, can adopt certain methods that polarization is become parallel polarization and make its input circulation light path, shown in Fig. 7 a; Wherein, X-Y is the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, and V is the major axes orientation of half-wave plate 4 and 5, becomes-22.5 ° of angles with the X axle.The parallel polarization light pulse L of input is parallel polarization in the coordinate system of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, so it is in the complete transmission of interphase, exports and incide half-wave plate 4 from port C.Behind half-wave plate 4, the polarization direction becomes-45 ° light pulse L ', shown in Fig. 7 a.After light pulse L ' incides the E port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, will be equally divided into two component-Ly ' and Lx ', shown in Fig. 7 b, respectively from F port and the output of G port.The modulating action of analysis after this and phase-modulator 3 is the same, and conclusion only is described below.
When phase-modulator 3 was not worked, two light pulse components will be from the synthetic again output of the H port of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2, and the polarization direction is constant promptly still to be-45 ° with respect to four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1 and 2.After passing through half-wave plate 5, the polarization direction rotates back to horizontal polarization, exports from the B port from the D port input back transmission of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.
After phase-modulator 3 adds half-wave voltage one of them light pulse component is modulated; For example light pulse component Lx ' is modulated and Ly ' component is not modulated; Two light pulse components will synthesize at the interphase of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 2 and export from the H port; The polarization direction half-twist becomes L ", shown in Fig. 7 b.This light pulse is through behind the half-wave plate 5, and the polarization direction becomes the light pulse LL of vertical polarization, shown in Fig. 7 b.Light pulse LL will reflect from the output of C port after the D port incident of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1, return again in ' 8 ' the font loop.Have only phase-modulator 3 once more this light pulse to be modulated, make the polarization direction of light pulse rotate back to parallel polarization, light pulse just can be from the B port output of four port polarization beam splitting/combiners 1.So just, reached the effect of light pulse time-delay.
In another embodiment; Structure shown in Figure 6 is adjusted; Be used to receive the light pulse of vertical polarization; The first port A of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1 is used to receive the light pulse of vertical polarization, and the 3rd port C of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1 is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; The second port B of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1 is through the first port E coupling of first half-wave plate 4 with said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2; The 4th port D of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 1 is through the four port H coupling of second half-wave plate 5 with said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2; The 3rd port G of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2 and the first port J of said phase-modulator 3 coupling; The second port K coupling of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner 2 second port F and said phase-modulator 3; All the other structures and operating mechanism and Fig. 6 are said identical, repeat no more.
Therefrom can find out, if the light pulse component is not added modulation, just directly export in one week of then light pulse circulated therein.When the light pulse component being carried out disposable modulation when phase-modulator being added half-wave voltage, light pulse will be in chronotron circulation always and not exporting.Once more phase-modulator is added half-wave voltage when needing output and modulate, light pulse will be exported again like this.
Like this, can realize programmable light time-delay output through the control light pulse in the inner cycle index of chronotron, the size of time-delay also depends on length of fiber and light pulse round-robin number of times in the chronotron.
Electric pulse delay unit
At present, the precision of commercial best electric pulse programmable delayer is a hundreds of psec.For example the time-delay step-length of the DS1023-25 chip of MAXIM company is 250ps, and littler time-delay step-length is difficult to obtain.In addition, programmable maximum delay step-length also receives the restriction of circuit in the commercial devices, and for example the time-delay step-length of DS1023-500 is 5ns, and longer time-delay step-length is also difficult.
Can expand the delay precision and the scope of electric signal effectively through the light time-delay; For example; Realize that precision reaches the time-delay step-length of tens and even several psecs, because the velocity of propagation of light in optical fiber is very fast, adopts integrated optics technique; Can whole optical fiber chronotron be limited in a millimeter magnitude, the step-length of time-delay just can be controlled at picosecond magnitude like this; Realize time-delay on a large scale, if with the lengthening of the fiber lengths in the optical loop, then be easy to realize long time-delay step-length, thereby whole reference time delay is enlarged.And the increase fiber lengths is very little to the loss influence of light, for example, if the fiber lengths setting is long, then can realize nanosecond, microsecond or longer time-delay step-length, increases length and can process the more chronotron of lengthening.
Using up delays time expands the electricity time-delay if make, and then only needs electric impulse signal is converted into light pulse signal earlier, then light pulse signal is delayed time, and at last light pulse signal is recovered to become electric impulse signal again and gets final product.Fig. 8 illustrates the structural representation of electric pulse delay unit; As shown in the figure; The optic communication device light emission secondary module TOSA of employing standard becomes light signal with electrical signal conversion; The optic communication device light-receiving secondary module ROSA of employing standard is converted into electric signal with light signal, can certainly adopt other light/power conversion device to realize the opto-electronic conversion here.For the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit that receives the vertical polarization light pulse, can connect photoelectric conversion module at its IO port equally, realize the time-delay of electric pulse.
What should explain at last is; Above embodiment is only in order to describe technical scheme of the present invention rather than the present technique method is limited; The present invention can extend to other modification, variation, application and embodiment on using, and therefore thinks that all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are in spirit of the present invention and teachings.
Claims (10)
1. programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit comprises:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1), the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and phase-modulator (3), the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) are 45 ° of angles;
Wherein, first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to receive the light pulse of parallel polarization, and second port (B) of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; The 3rd port (C) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is connected with first port (E) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 4th port (D) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is connected with the 4th port (H) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) is connected with first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3); Second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) is connected with second port (K) of said phase-modulator (3);
Said phase-modulator (3) adds the phase place that modulation voltage changes the light pulse of passing through;
Wherein, light pulse be transferred to from second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) said phase-modulator (3) second port (K) distance and be transferred to the distance of first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) from the 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) unequal;
Wherein, said phase-modulator (3) adds half-wave voltage one of them component from the light pulse component of the two input of said second port (K) of said first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) and said phase-modulator (3) is modulated.
2. the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of claim 1, wherein, the light pulse of first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) input is the linearly polarized light of parallel polarization.
3. programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit comprises:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1), the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and phase-modulator (3), the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) are 45 ° of angles;
Wherein, first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to receive the light pulse of vertical polarization, and the 3rd port (C) of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; Second port (B) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is connected with first port (E) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 4th port (D) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is connected with the 4th port (H) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) is connected with first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3); Second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) is connected with second port (K) of said phase-modulator (3);
Said phase-modulator (3) adds the phase place that modulation voltage changes the light pulse of passing through;
Wherein, light pulse be transferred to from second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) said phase-modulator (3) second port (K) distance and be transferred to the distance of first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) from the 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) unequal;
Wherein, said phase-modulator (3) adds half-wave voltage one of them component from the light pulse component of the two input of said second port (K) of said first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) and said phase-modulator (3) is modulated.
4. programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit comprises:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1), the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and phase-modulator (3), the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) is identical with the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1);
First half-wave plate (4) and second half-wave plate (5), the polarization direction that is used to change light pulse;
Wherein, first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to receive the light pulse of parallel polarization, and second port (B) of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; The 3rd port (C) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is through first port (E) coupling of first half-wave plate (4) with said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 4th port (D) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is through four port (H) coupling of second half-wave plate (5) with said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and the coupling of first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3); Second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and the coupling of second port (K) of said phase-modulator (3);
Said phase-modulator (3) adds the phase place that modulation voltage is used to change the light pulse of passing through;
Said first half-wave plate (4) is identical with the major axes orientation of said second half-wave plate (5), and the major axes orientation of said first half-wave plate (4) becomes 22.5 ° of angles with respect to the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1);
Wherein, light pulse be transferred to from second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) said phase-modulator (3) second port (K) distance and be transferred to the distance of first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) from the 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) unequal;
Wherein, said phase-modulator (3) adds half-wave voltage one of them component from the light pulse component of the two input of said second port (K) of said first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) and said phase-modulator (3) is modulated.
5. the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of claim 4; Wherein, said light pulse be transferred to from second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) said phase-modulator (3) second port (K) distance and be transferred to the distance of first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) from the 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) unequal.
6. the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of claim 4, wherein, the light pulse of first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) input is the linearly polarized light of parallel polarization.
7. the programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of claim 4 also comprises:
Be arranged in the 4th port (D) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) and first catoptron (6) between said second half-wave plate (5);
Be arranged in the 4th port (H) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and second catoptron (7) between said second half-wave plate (5);
Be arranged in second port (F) and the 3rd catoptron (9) between the said phase-modulator (3), the 4th catoptron (10) and the 5th catoptron (8) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2);
Said these catoptrons and incident light are 45 and arrange.
8. programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit comprises:
The one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1), the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and phase-modulator (3), the printing opacity polarization direction of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) is identical with the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1);
First half-wave plate (4) and second half-wave plate (5), the polarization direction that is used to change light pulse;
Wherein, first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to receive the light pulse of vertical polarization, and the 3rd port (C) of the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is used to export the light pulse of time-delay; Second port (B) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is through first port (E) coupling of first half-wave plate (4) with said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 4th port (D) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1) is through four port (H) coupling of second half-wave plate (5) with said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2); The 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and the coupling of first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3); Second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) and the coupling of second port (K) of said phase-modulator (3);
Said phase-modulator (3) adds the phase place that modulation voltage is used to change the light pulse of passing through;
Said first half-wave plate (4) is identical with the major axes orientation of said second half-wave plate (5), and the major axes orientation of said first half-wave plate (4) becomes 22.5 ° of angles with respect to the printing opacity polarization direction of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1);
Wherein, light pulse be transferred to from second port (F) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) said phase-modulator (3) second port (K) distance and be transferred to the distance of first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) from the 3rd port (G) of said the two or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (2) unequal;
Wherein, said phase-modulator (3) adds half-wave voltage one of them component from the light pulse component of the two input of said second port (K) of said first port (J) of said phase-modulator (3) and said phase-modulator (3) is modulated.
9. electric pulse delay unit able to programme comprises:
One of one of claim 1 to 4 or claim 6 to 9 described programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit;
The electric to optic converter that connects first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1);
Light/the electric transducer that connects second port (B) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1).
10. electric pulse delay unit able to programme comprises:
Claim 5 or the described programmable polarized optical pulse delay unit of claim 10;
The electric to optic converter that connects first port (A) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1);
Light/the electric transducer that connects the 3rd port (C) of said the one or four port polarization beam splitting/combiner (1).
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| CN1320401C (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2007-06-06 | 上海大学 | Decimal programmable light time delay device |
| CN100430815C (en) * | 2006-11-11 | 2008-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Adjustable light pulse time-delay device with wide bandwidth and multiple gains based on stimulated brillouin scatter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1320401C (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2007-06-06 | 上海大学 | Decimal programmable light time delay device |
| CN100430815C (en) * | 2006-11-11 | 2008-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Adjustable light pulse time-delay device with wide bandwidth and multiple gains based on stimulated brillouin scatter |
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