CN101863793A - Synthesizing method of N-methyl glucamine - Google Patents
Synthesizing method of N-methyl glucamine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101863793A CN101863793A CN201010209821A CN201010209821A CN101863793A CN 101863793 A CN101863793 A CN 101863793A CN 201010209821 A CN201010209821 A CN 201010209821A CN 201010209821 A CN201010209821 A CN 201010209821A CN 101863793 A CN101863793 A CN 101863793A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation process of N-methyl glucamine, which sequentially comprises the steps of: 1, firstly adding anhydrous dextrose into an alcohols solvent while stirring to ensure that the mass percent concentration of the dextrose in the solvent is 10-80 percent, adding methylamine, reacting at a temperature of 10-40 DEG C for 1-3h under normal pressure, introducing N2 for protection during the reaction; 2, adding a transparent solution prepared in the step 1 into a catalyst Ni-Cu/TiO2, wherein the mass ratio of the Ni:Cu:TiO2 in the catalyst is 0.7-1:0.6-0.8:0.3-0.5, the adding amount of the catalyst is 2-20 percent by mass of the dextrose; introducing N2 and then crystallizing at a temperature of 0-10 DEG C; and 3, adding meglumine prepared in the step 2 and fatty acid methyl ester in the mol ratio of 1.0:1,0-1.1 into the alcohols solvent, carrying out amidation under the normal pressure at a temperature of 50-80 DEG C in the presence of the alkali catalyst for 2-6h, wherein the adding amount of the catalyst is 1-5 percent of the meglumine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a class nonionogenic tenside, particularly a kind of synthetic method of N-methyl glucamine.
Background technology
The N-methyl glucamine is a kind of glycosyl surfactant active of nontoxic non-stimulated, readily biodegradable, the raw materials used renewable resources that comes from, to environment and biological safety height, has good surfactivity, the performance gentleness, be nonionogenic tenside, and can adjust every performance of product by fatty acid carbons chain length, substituting group and glycosyl with certain anionic nature.Have been widely used as cosurfactant, be applied in washing powder, liquid washing agent, detergent for washing dishware with hand, multi-usage clean-out system and the individual's protection articles for use.
The synthetic method generates adducts at first using glucose and alkylamine or hydroxyalkyl amine to react in solvent or water, hydrogenation reaction generates the glucose methylamine then, the hydrogenation catalyst that can be used for this reaction is more, as Ni, Pt, Pd, Fe, Cu etc., catalyzer commonly used is a nickel, nickel both can be particle nickel, also can be nickel-loaded or Raney's nickel.In organic alcohol solvent and aqueous systems, reaction is carried out under 50 ℃～120 ℃, 0.7MPa～8MPa usually in the high pressure stirring tank.
The synthetic of glucose amide is an amidate action, fatty acid ester commonly used and the reaction of glucose methylamine, and catalysis is carried out under basic catalyst, and basic catalyst commonly used is sodium ethylate, yellow soda ash or salt of wormwood.Because the fusing point of glucose methylamine is higher, for the dissolving that helps the glucose methylamine and with the mixing of fatty acid ester, in reaction system, add hydroxyl organic solvent usually, as ethanol, propyl alcohol and propylene glycol etc., the most frequently used is the mixture of ethanol and propylene glycol or ethanol and propylene glycol, usually be warmed up to 130 ℃～140 ℃, so the synthetic method of N-methyl glucamine of the prior art can not be carried out at normal temperatures and pressures, conditional request for reaction is tighter, has certain danger.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of safety, under the normal pressure, the N-methyl glucamine synthetic method that adopts the composite highly effective catalyzer just can carry out.
A kind of preparation technology of N-methyl glucamine wherein, in turn includes the following steps:
(1) at first dextrose anhydrous is under agitation added in the alcoholic solvent, making the mass percent concentration of glucose in solvent is 10～80%, adds methylamine, and temperature of reaction is at 10～40 ℃, and normal pressure is reaction 1～3h down, and is transparent until solution, feeds N during reaction
2Protection, the mol ratio of glucose and methylamine is 1.0: 1.0～3.0;
(2) clear solution that step (1) is made adds catalyst n i-Cu/TiO
2, Ni in the catalyzer: Cu: TiO
2Mass ratio be 0.7～1: 0.6～0.8: 0.3～0.5, the catalyzer add-on is 2～20% of a glucose quality, at 50～80 ℃, feeds N
2, normal pressure is reaction 1～2h down, filters out catalyzer, carries out crystallization under 0～10 ℃ then, obtains glucose methylamine white crystals, carries out drying;
(3) glucose methylamine that step (2) is made and fatty acid methyl ester are in 1.0: 1.0～1.10 adding alcoholic solvents by the mol ratio of glucose methylamine and fatty acid methyl ester, feed N
2With the protection color and luster, under the basic catalyst condition, the add-on of catalyzer is 1～5% of a glucose methylamine, and at 50～80 ℃, normal pressure carries out amidate action, and behind the reaction 2-6h, heating up to vacuumize steams solvent, obtains purpose product N-methyl glucamine.
The synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine of the present invention, wherein, the mass percent concentration of glucose in solvent is 40～50% in the step (1).
The synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine of the present invention, wherein, the mol ratio of glucose and methylamine is 1.0: 1.2～1.5.
The synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine of the present invention, wherein, alcoholic solvent is methyl alcohol, ethanol, butanols, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or Virahol in step (1), (3).
The synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine of the present invention, wherein, heating up vacuumizes when steaming solvent, and top temperature rises to 160 ℃.
The synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine of the present invention, wherein, the basic catalyst in the step (3) is yellow soda ash, salt of wormwood or water glass.
The synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine of the present invention, wherein, step (3) fatty acid methyl ester is Laurate methyl or Uniphat A60.
Advantage of the present invention is: adopt composite highly effective catalyst n i-Cu/TiO
2Catalysis, can make the novel process and the novel method that are reflected at synthetic N-methyl glucamine under normal pressure and the comparatively gentle condition, the high temperature and high pressure method that this method discards tradition is produced methyl glucamine, not only shorten the reaction times, reduced reaction pressure, also can eliminate the Hazard Factor of production, reduce disposal of pollutants in the product process, and effectively reduced production cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1,
Add the 60kg alcohol solvent in tank reactor, under agitation add the 25kg dextrose anhydrous, add the 5.8kg methylamine, temperature of reaction is at 10～40 ℃, and normal pressure reacts 2h, feeds N during reaction
2Protection, transparent to solution.
Above-mentioned clear solution is added 2.5kg Ni-Cu/TiO
2Catalyzer, Ni in the catalyzer: Cu: TiO
2Mass ratio be 1: 0.8: 0.5, at 50～80 ℃, feed N
2Protection was reacted 1 hour, filtered out catalyzer, carried out crystallization under 0 ℃ then, filtered out solvent, obtained glucose methylamine white crystals, carried out drying.
In tank reactor, add ethanol 60kg, open and stir, adds above-mentioned glucose methylamine 19kg that obtains and lauric acid 21kg, at 50～80 ℃, after normal pressure carries out amidate action 6h, the attach most importance to yellow soda ash of 190 grams of catalyzer, adding N
2With the protection color and luster, heating up to vacuumize steams solvent, and top temperature rises to 160 ℃, and cooling obtains glucose amide.
Embodiment 2:
In tank reactor, add the 58kg alcohol solvent, under agitation add the 25kg dextrose anhydrous, add the 6kg methylamine, add N
2With the protection color and luster, temperature of reaction is at 10～40 ℃, and normal pressure reacts 1.5h, and is transparent to solution.
Above-mentioned clear solution is added 1kg Ni-Cu/TiO
2Catalyzer, Ni in the catalyzer: Cu: TiO
2Mass ratio be 0.7: 0.6: 0.3, at 50～80 ℃, feed N
2Protection was reacted 2 hours, filtered out catalyzer, carried out crystallization under 0 ℃ then, filtered out solvent, obtained glucose methylamine white crystals, carried out drying.
In tank reactor, add ethanol 60kg, open and stir, adds above-mentioned glucose methylamine 19kg that obtains and lauric acid 21kg, at 50～80 ℃, after normal pressure carries out amidate action 6h, the attach most importance to water glass of 950 grams of catalyzer, adding N
2With the protection color and luster, heating up to vacuumize steams solvent, and top temperature rises to 140 ℃, and cooling obtains glucose amide.
Above embodiment is described preferred implementation of the present invention; be not that scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not breaking away from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that the common engineering technical personnel in this area make technical scheme of the present invention all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation technology of a N-methyl glucamine is characterized in that, in turn includes the following steps:
(1) at first dextrose anhydrous is under agitation added in the alcoholic solvent, making the mass percent concentration of glucose in solvent is 10～80%, adds methylamine, and temperature of reaction is at 10～40 ℃, and normal pressure is reaction 1～3h down, and is transparent until solution, feeds N during reaction
2Protection, the mol ratio of glucose and methylamine is 1.0: 1.0～3.0;
(2) clear solution that step (1) is made adds catalyst n i-Cu/TiO
2, Ni in the catalyzer: Cu: TiO
2Mass ratio be 0.7～1: 0.6～0.8: 0.3～0.5, the catalyzer add-on is 2～20% of a glucose quality, at 50～80 ℃, feeds N
2, normal pressure is reaction 1～2h down, filters out catalyzer, carries out crystallization under 0～10 ℃ then, obtains glucose methylamine white crystals, carries out drying;
(3) glucose methylamine that step (2) is made and fatty acid methyl ester are in 1.0: 1.0～1.10 adding alcoholic solvents by the mol ratio of glucose methylamine and fatty acid methyl ester, feed N
2With the protection color and luster, under the basic catalyst condition, the add-on of catalyzer is 1～5% of a glucose methylamine, and at 50～80 ℃, normal pressure carries out amidate action, and behind the reaction 2-6h, heating up to vacuumize steams solvent, obtains purpose product N-methyl glucamine.
2. the synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the mass percent concentration of glucose in solvent described in the step (1) is 40～50%.
3. the synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the mol ratio of described glucose and methylamine is 1.0: 1.2～1.5.
4. the synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the alcoholic solvent described in step (1), (3) is methyl alcohol, ethanol, butanols, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or Virahol.
5. the synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, heats up to vacuumize when steaming solvent, and top temperature rises to 160 ℃.
6. the synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described step (3) basic catalyst is yellow soda ash, salt of wormwood or water glass.
7. the synthetic method of a kind of N-methyl glucamine as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described step (3) fatty acid methyl ester is Laurate methyl or Uniphat A60.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106986900A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-07-28 | 盐城通海生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of N alkyl glucoses imines |
| CN110746944A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-04 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Flow pattern regulator for synthetic base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN110804425A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-18 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Emulsifier for synthetic base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106986900A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-07-28 | 盐城通海生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of N alkyl glucoses imines |
| CN106986900B (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-11-05 | 盐城通海生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of N- alkyl glucose imines |
| CN110746944A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-04 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Flow pattern regulator for synthetic base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN110804425A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-18 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Emulsifier for synthetic base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN110804425B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-11-23 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Emulsifier for synthetic base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20101020 |