CN101862916B - Method for improving wear resistance and toughness of large wear resistant part in welding and fusing - Google Patents
Method for improving wear resistance and toughness of large wear resistant part in welding and fusing Download PDFInfo
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- CN101862916B CN101862916B CN201010188637XA CN201010188637A CN101862916B CN 101862916 B CN101862916 B CN 101862916B CN 201010188637X A CN201010188637X A CN 201010188637XA CN 201010188637 A CN201010188637 A CN 201010188637A CN 101862916 B CN101862916 B CN 101862916B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the service life of wear resistant parts of large mechanical equipment used under the industrial and mining conditions of friction and wear as well as particle abrasion and a manufacturing and processing technology. The method imitates a coupling structure of a biosome in quite a deep area on the worn surface of a mechanical part, processes and manufactures a groove or a pit with a certain depth and width, and fully fills the space in the groove or the pit with special or common welding rods through welding and fusing technologies so as to manufacture a bionic coupling unit body. A bionic coupling area in a bionic object structure with hard parts and soft parts at intervals is formed by a bionic coupling unit body area and a work piece original composition area, and the surface is the bionic coupling unit bodies. The method effectively solves the defect that the toughness and the wear resistance of wear resistant material cannot be achieved simultaneously, overcomes the conflict that the wear resistant parts sacrifice wear resistance in order to ensure the toughness or sacrifice toughness in order to ensure the wear resistance so that the service life of the wear resistant parts is greatly improved, simultaneously greatly reduces the production cost and improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing process technology of the heavy mechanical equipment wearing piece service life of use under fretting wear and abrasive wear working condition.Also relate to a kind of method that improves parts wearability and toughness simultaneously.
Background technology
It is indispensable technical process in a lot of industries (like metallurgy, mine, building materials, thermal power plant, chemical industry, pottery, build the road etc.) production that material particles reduces.Granularity reduces to lean on comminution process (comprising fragmentation and grinding) to accomplish.For accomplishing the mechanical wearing piece (like liner plate, grinding roller, cylinder, die casting etc.) of comminution process, it is because of use repeatedly, and long-term rubs with material, and makes component failure because of abrasive wear.Grinding roller with ball mill is an example, and when the ball mill grinding material, cylinder rotates; Material and grinding roller produce violent friction; Grinding roller produces the surface fatigue wearing and tearing, mainly be since abrasive particle in irregular shape roller surface carry out repeatedly ditch dug with a plow, roll, cause crackle to form expansion; With sheet abrasive dust breaking releasing, this granule size with abrasive particle is relevant at last.The coal pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system is as the main system in burning power station, and its operation conditions is directly connected to boiler on-load ability and stove internal combustion stability, and wherein grinding roller is main vulnerable part.Because the fretting wear that grinding roller had both born coal under arms, the heavily stressed contact fatigue effect of bearing coal again particularly receives both associating reciprocations, makes that the service life of grinding roller is very short, and under some harsh working condition, the life-span has only three to four months.Particularly because Power Plant in China burning ature of coal is relatively poor; Impurity such as iron block, stone, wooden unit are more, cause the grinding roller wearing and tearing more serious, because the grinding roller serious wear; Make coal pulverizer under low power output situation, move for a long time, cause boiler coal-grinding reserve factor wretched insufficiency.For many years, the wearing and tearing of wearing piece have caused the loss of sizable human and material resources and the shutdown of boiler, the unit that cause are thus sent out less, not send out the indirect economic loss that causes bigger.Traditional research method is to deal with problems from whole parts or whole parts surface; Whole parts or whole parts surface are improved; But it can not solve the defective that high-abrasive material toughness and wearability can not get both effectively; Be produced as the toughness that guarantees wear parts and sacrifice wearability or for guaranteeing that wearability sacrifices the unvanquishable like this contradiction of toughness; Make that the wearability raising is little or production cost is too high, thereby the service life of how to improve wearing piece, be an extremely urgent difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to break through tradition is handled improvement from whole or whole surface method; Propose a kind of more reasonable, effective welding consolidation and improve large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method, exploitation prepares cell cube forms the soft and hard alternation coupled structure zone of mimic biology body at the certain thickness working surface of wearing piece manufacturing technology through welding forming.It has solved the defective that high-abrasive material toughness and wearability can not get both effectively; Overcome wear parts for guaranteeing toughness and sacrifice wearability or for guaranteeing that wearability sacrifices the contradiction of toughness; The service life of wear parts is increased substantially; Also reduce production costs greatly simultaneously, enhance productivity.Advantage such as have that processing technology is simple, dependable performance, processing cost are low.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of welding consolidation improves large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method, adopts following steps:
A) according to wear parts instructions for use and size; Imitation forms the soft and hard alternation coupled structure of organism; Physical dimension and distribution to parts surface pit and groove cell cube design, and the physical dimension of groove is: wide 3-25mm, dark 3-25mm; Spacing 3-25mm, the diameter of pit, dark and spacing are 3-25mm; The pit of parts surface or groove distribute by latticed or parallel strip, or groove and pit mixed distribution;
B) welding material of selected cell body according to the service life of part requirement, selects common material welding rod or specific alloy material welding rod or selection to produce the wear-resisting welding material that uses and preset to welding rod;
C) adopt method manual or the machinery welding; According to selected alloy adjustment welding condition; Again according to the pit that presets or selected welding wire of groove width or electrode size; Its diameter is less than or equal to 1/2nd of the pit that presets or groove width, is filled in the pit or groove that presets selected gold alloy solder wire bond is molten, and the cell cube after the filling is higher than parts surface 0-3mm.
The physical dimension of described parts surface pit and groove cell cube and distribution click and require to confirm: the service life of part requirement is high more, size is big more, and the width of pre-pit or groove and the degree of depth should be big more, and distribution should be close more.
Described specific alloy material welding rod comprises: golden rich chromium cast iron C 1.5-5.2, Cr 30-39, Si＜0.8, Mn＜0.8, S; P＜0.08, B 0-0.2% rare earth element 0-0.32%; High-carbon vanadium high-speed steel C 1.7-3.2, Cr 4-5, Mo4-5, W 4-5, V 3-10, Si; Mn＜0.35, S, P＜0.03.
The pit of described parts surface and groove cell cube distribute and adopt the structure of soft and hard alternation, and described parallel strip is by being 0～90 arranged distribution with the component axes angle.
The pit of described parts surface and groove cell cube are pressed single size and are evenly distributed or the different size mixed distribution.
The pit of described parts surface and groove cell cube or by row's groove one row pit cross-distribution, or by two row's grooves, two row's pit cross-distribution, or by row's groove two row's pit distribution, perhaps by two row's grooves, one row's pit cross-distribution.
The anti-surface fatigue wearing and tearing and the abrasive wear behavior that improve material and product thereof are the focuses of research always; But the working environment of part is extremely abominable and be aided with fatigue wear the complex nature of the problem because this type milled, and the result improves little and cost greatly improves the service life of often parts.Biological evolution through 1 years not only can adapt to nature, and its evolution degree is near perfect, and their some marvellous functions are considerably beyond the previous design of mankind itself, and becomes the answer that solves the problem job problem gradually.Have the tired biology (like shell, leaf, dragonfly wing etc.) of excellent anti through observation of nature circle and find that they have closely similar characteristic: 1. they all have the structure that soft or hard alternates; 2. can there be different distributional patterns hard unit self in this structure; 3. the relative high rigidity of hard unit is all from the composition material or the institutional framework difference of itself and soft unit.The organic coupling of this form, structure and composition material makes biology have excellent mechanical property and crack arrest anti-fatigue effect.
The present invention proposes the molten technology of applying of welding that adopts thus; Be processed to form hard unit in the similar organism on the wearing piece top layer; Obtain its tissue and be different from parent; Mechanical performance, hardness etc. be much higher than parent the high-wear-resistant alloy metal material cell cube and as increased the firm dowel pin or the special construction of reinforcement on the parts top layer.Concrete way is at first to adopt the surface of the method for machining at parts, processes groove or the pit and the arrangement according to certain rules of similar organism muscle, arteries and veins distribution, and the direction that groove is arranged is 0～90 ° for the angle with component axes.The wear-resisting welding material of usefulness production use or certain particular alloy material such as rich chromium cast iron, high-speed steel etc. preset to welding rod again; Adopt the method for welding, the particular alloy welding rod is filled into to accomplish in the pit that presets or the groove fills, be set in the surface together rapidly after alloy material and mother metal are melted; Make it to be higher than parts surface 0-3mm; Obtain the bionical coupling regime of mimic biology body surface soft and hard alternation, welding is filled into the bionical coupling unit body that different types of alloy forms in the groove (hole), has than base material better intensity and wearability; It is the state of single chemical composition and tissue that this method has changed the parts top layer; Become the structure of soft and hard alternation, the toughness and the wearability that are originally single chemical composition and organization material are greatly improved, thereby make the toughness of parts also improve wearability simultaneously.This method is compared with original laser melting method, and maximum characteristics are exactly molten the applying with big volume is molten of the degree of depth to apply, and the degree of depth of pit or groove can increase to 25mm; Width also can increase to 25mm; Therefore the degree of depth and the bigger bionical cell cube of volume can be prepared, the little deficiency of laser cladding the technology shallow or molten deposited cell cube of overlay in the past can be remedied greatly, for the big machinery wear parts; Can enhance productivity greatly
The specific embodiment
Table 1. is to be the instance of object with MPS type medium-speed pulverizer.
Table 1, MPS type medium-speed pulverizer application example
| Condition | The filling slot width | The filling slot degree of depth | Welding rod material | Height of projection | Filling slot distributes | Spacing | With the component axes angle | Result of use |
| 1 | 3mm | 3mm | Rich chromium cast iron 1 | 1mm | Parallel strip | 3mm | 90 | 1.5 doubly |
| 2 | 3mm | 3mm | Common welding rod | 2mm | Parallel strip | 4mm | 60 | 1.3 doubly |
| 3 | 4mm | 3.5mm | High-carbon vanadium steel 1 | 3mm | Parallel strip | 3mm | 45 | 1.8 doubly |
| 4 | 5mm | 5mm | Common welding rod | 3mm | Latticed | 6mm | 30 | 1.4 doubly |
| 5 | 6mm | 6mm | High-carbon vanadium steel 2 | 0mm | Parallel strip | 3.5mm | 60 | 1.8 doubly |
| 6 | 7mm | 4mm | Rich chromium cast iron 3 | 1.5mm | Latticed | 5mm | 0 | 2.1 doubly |
| 7 | 7mm | 6mm | Common welding rod | 2.5mm | Parallel strip | 6mm | 90 | 1.6 doubly |
| 8 | 9mm | 8mm | Rich chromium cast iron 2 | 3mm | Latticed | 10mm | 30 | 1.6 doubly |
| 9 | 10mm | 8mm | Common welding rod | 1mm | Parallel strip | 8mm | 60 | 1.7 doubly |
| 10 | 10mm | 10mm | High-carbon vanadium steel 3 | 0mm | Parallel strip | 8mm | 45 | 1.6 doubly |
| 11 | 3m | 3.0mm | Rich chromium cast iron 1 | 2mm | The hole shape | 6.5mm | 1.5 doubly | |
| 12 | 10mm | 8mm | High-carbon vanadium steel 1 | 3mm | The hole shape | 7mm | 2.0 doubly | |
| 13 | 9mm | 13mm | Rich chromium cast iron 2 | 3mm | Irregular strip | 10mm | 1.4 doubly | |
| 14 | 13mm | 12mm | Common welding rod | 2mm | Latticed | 11mm | 1.5 doubly |
| 15 | 15mm | 14mm | Common welding rod | 2.5mm | Parallel strip | 13 | 30 | 1.6 doubly |
| 16 | 15mm | 15mm | Common welding rod | 1mm | The hole shape | 15mm | 1.8 doubly | |
| 17 | 20mm | 18mm | High-carbon vanadium steel 3 | 0mm | The hole shape | 15mm | 2.0 doubly | |
| 18 | 20mm | 20mm | Rich chromium cast iron | 3mm | Latticed | 20mm | 2.2 doubly | |
| 19 | 25mm | 4mm | Common welding rod | 2mm | The hole shape | 5mm | 1.5 doubly | |
| 20 | 25mm | 25mm | High-carbon vanadium steel 2 | 0mm | Latticed | 15mm | 2.3 doubly | |
| 20 | 25mm | 25mm | Rich chromium cast iron 3 | 3mm | Parallel strip | 25mm | 2.2 doubly |
Annotate: the composition tabulation of rich chromium cast iron, high-carbon, vanadium high-speed steel as follows
The chemical composition Wt% of table 2. rich chromium cast iron welding rod
| Rich chromium cast iron | C | Cr | Rare earth | Mn、Si | S，P | B |
| No. 1 | 1.51.6 | 3032 | 0 | Less than 0.8 | Be not more than 0.08 | 0 |
| No. 2 | 3.53.7 | 3032 | 0.30.32 | Less than 0.8 | Be not more than 0.08 | 0.1 |
| No. 3 | 5.05.2 | 3739 | 0.30.32 | Less than 0.8 | Be not more than 0.08 | 0.2 |
The chemical composition Wt% of table 3. high-carbon, vanadium high-speed steel welding rod
| High-carbon steel | C | Cr | Mo | W | V | Si，Mn | S，P |
| No. 1 | 1.71.9 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 9.510 | Be not more than 0.35 | Be not more than 0.03 |
| No. 2 | 2.52.5 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 66.5 | Be not more than 0.35 | Be not more than 0.03 |
| No. 3 | 3.03.2 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 33.5 | Be not more than 0.35 | Be not more than 0.03 |
Claims (6)
1. a welding consolidation improves large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method, it is characterized in that, adopts following steps:
A) according to wear parts instructions for use and size; Imitation forms the soft and hard alternation coupled structure of organism; Physical dimension and distribution to parts surface pit and groove cell cube design, and the physical dimension of groove is: wide 3-25mm, dark 3-25mm; Spacing 3-25mm, the diameter of pit, dark and spacing are 3-25mm; The pit of parts surface or groove distribute by latticed or parallel strip, or groove and pit mixed distribution;
B) welding material of selected cell body according to the service life of part requirement, selects common material welding rod or specific alloy material welding rod or selection to produce the wear-resisting welding material that uses and preset to welding rod;
C) adopt method manual or the machinery welding; According to selected alloy adjustment welding condition; Again according to the pit that presets or selected welding wire of groove width or electrode size; Its diameter is less than or equal to 1/2nd of the pit that presets or groove width, is filled in the pit or groove that presets selected gold alloy solder wire bond is molten, and the cell cube after the filling is higher than parts surface 0-3mm.
2. a kind of welding consolidation according to claim 1 improves large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method; It is characterized in that; The physical dimension of described parts surface pit and groove cell cube is confirmed by following requirement with distributing: the service life of part requirement is high more, size is big more; The width of pre-pit or groove and the degree of depth should be big more, and distribution should be close more.
3. a kind of welding consolidation according to claim 1 improves large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method; It is characterized in that; Described specific alloy material welding rod comprises: rich chromium cast iron by quality percentage composition Wt% is: C 1.5-5.2, Cr30-39, Si＜0.8, Mn＜0.8, S; P＜0.08, B 0-0.2, rare earth element 0-0.32, balance iron; High-carbon vanadium high-speed steel by quality percentage composition Wt% is: C 1.7-3.2, Cr 4-5, Mo4-5, W 4-5, V 3-10, Si, Mn＜0.35, S, P＜0.03, balance iron.
4. a kind of welding consolidation according to claim 1 improves large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method; It is characterized in that; The pit of described parts surface and groove cell cube distribute and adopt the structure of soft and hard alternation, and described parallel strip is by being 0～90 arranged distribution with the component axes angle.
5. a kind of welding consolidation according to claim 1 improves large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method, it is characterized in that, the pit of described parts surface and groove cell cube are pressed single size and evenly distributed or the different size mixed distribution.
6. a kind of welding consolidation according to claim 1 improves large wear resistant part wearability and toughness method; It is characterized in that; The pit of described parts surface and groove cell cube or by row's groove one row pit cross-distribution; Or by two row's grooves, two row's pit cross-distribution, or by row's groove two row's pit distribution, perhaps by two row's grooves, one row's pit cross-distribution.
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| CN102302964B (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-05-22 | 吉林大学 | Cement grinding roller with bionic coupling wear-resistant surface layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103143811B (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-12-17 | 马鞍山市晨光高耐磨科技发展有限公司 | Tooth lip burying melting high-wear-resistant alloy technology used for mine |
| CN103286426A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-11 | 马鞍山市晨光高耐磨科技发展有限公司 | Novel alloy welding process |
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| CN109158522B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-04-30 | 吉林大学 | Large-scale crankshaft mold with coupling bionic surface |
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| CN110180983B (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2021-03-30 | 重庆杰品科技股份有限公司 | Hot forging die for cavity surface layer conformal mesh structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN110157876B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-10-09 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Preparation method of low-carbon steel bionic surface self-nanocrystallization layer of agricultural implement soil-contacting component |
| CN113000942A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-22 | 马鞍山市威马机械设备有限责任公司 | Steel-inlaid blade, and welding surface processing method and preparation method thereof |
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| US6138779A (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2000-10-31 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Hardfacing having coated ceramic particles or coated particles of other hard materials placed on a rotary cone cutter |
| CN1230272C (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-12-07 | 吉林大学 | Method of rasing wearability of mechanical element |
| CN100439743C (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2008-12-03 | 吉林大学 | Braking drum with bionic non-smooth surface |
| CN100392290C (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2008-06-04 | 吉林大学 | Bionic non smooth abrasion-proof gear wheel |
| US8691343B2 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2014-04-08 | Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Y-12, Llc | Toughened and corrosion- and wear-resistant composite structures and fabrication methods thereof |
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