CN101852515B - Heat pump air conditioner hot water unit - Google Patents
Heat pump air conditioner hot water unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101852515B CN101852515B CN2010100025354A CN201010002535A CN101852515B CN 101852515 B CN101852515 B CN 101852515B CN 2010100025354 A CN2010100025354 A CN 2010100025354A CN 201010002535 A CN201010002535 A CN 201010002535A CN 101852515 B CN101852515 B CN 101852515B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- way valve
- communicates
- hot water
- port
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
一种热泵空调热水机组,包括压缩机、第一换热器、第一四通阀、第二换热器、节流部件、电磁阀、第二四通阀以及气液分离器,压缩机的高压出口与第一换热器的一端相通,第一换热器的另一端与第一四通阀的第四接口相通,第一四通阀的第一接口与第二换热器的一端相通,电磁阀的一端与第一四通阀的第四接口相通,电磁阀的另一端与第二换热器的另一端相通,第一四通阀的第二接口与气液分离器的一端相通,第一四通阀的第三接口与第二四通阀的第一接口相通,第二四通阀的第二接口接入第一四通阀的第二接口与气液分离器的一端之间。本发明具有六种不同运行模式,其结构简单合理、整机体积小、功能多,制作成本低,操作方便。
A heat pump air conditioner and hot water unit, including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first four-way valve, a second heat exchanger, a throttling component, a solenoid valve, a second four-way valve, and a gas-liquid separator, the compressor The high pressure outlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with one end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the first heat exchanger communicates with the fourth port of the first four-way valve, and the first port of the first four-way valve communicates with one end of the second heat exchanger One end of the solenoid valve communicates with the fourth port of the first four-way valve, the other end of the solenoid valve communicates with the other end of the second heat exchanger, and the second port of the first four-way valve communicates with one end of the gas-liquid separator The third port of the first four-way valve communicates with the first port of the second four-way valve, and the second port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second port of the first four-way valve and one end of the gas-liquid separator between. The invention has six different operation modes, has simple and reasonable structure, small volume of the whole machine, multiple functions, low manufacturing cost and convenient operation.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种热泵空调热水机组。The invention relates to a heat pump air conditioner and hot water unit.
背景技术 Background technique
传统的空调热水机只有单独制冷、单独制热、单独制热水和制冷制热水四种模式,没有同时制热制热水功能,而用户在寒冷的冬天却要求有这种功能。另外,传统空调热水机制冷制热水时候都是全热回收,不能进行部分回收,当水温高时候室内的送风效果就很难保证。Traditional air-conditioning water heaters only have four modes: separate cooling, separate heating, separate heating of hot water, and cooling and heating of hot water. There is no simultaneous heating and hot water function, but users require this function in the cold winter. In addition, traditional air-conditioning and hot water machines recover all the heat when cooling and heating hot water, and cannot perform partial recovery. When the water temperature is high, the indoor air supply effect is difficult to guarantee.
中国专利文献号CN 201043824Y于2008年4月2日公开了一种空气源热泵空调热水机,包括压缩机、第一四通阀,室外换热器及室内换热器,其中第一四通阀的d接口和压缩机排气口连接,e接口和室内换热器连接,s接口和压缩机回气口连接,其特征在于还包括第二四通阀,换热器,单向阀,第一电子膨胀阀及第二电子膨胀阀,第二四通阀的d接口和第一四通阀的c接口连接,e接口和室外换热器连接,s接口和压缩机回气口连接,c接口和换热器连接,换热器与单向阀的阳极端连接,单向阀阴极端与第一电子膨胀阀,第二电子膨胀阀连接,第一电子膨胀阀,第二电子膨胀阀分别与室外换热器,室内换热器连接。这种空气源热泵空调热水机不仅可以实现制冷制热功能,还可以产生热水,但是,其体积大、机构复杂、制作成本偏高。Chinese patent document number CN 201043824Y disclosed an air source heat pump air conditioner water heater on April 2, 2008, including a compressor, a first four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and an indoor heat exchanger, wherein the first four-way The d interface of the valve is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor, the e interface is connected to the indoor heat exchanger, and the s interface is connected to the air return port of the compressor. It is characterized in that it also includes a second four-way valve, a heat exchanger, a one-way valve, and a second One electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve, the d port of the second four-way valve is connected to the c port of the first four-way valve, the e port is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger, the s port is connected to the return air port of the compressor, and the c port is connected It is connected to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected to the anode end of the one-way valve, the cathode end of the one-way valve is connected to the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve, and the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are respectively connected to Outdoor heat exchanger, indoor heat exchanger connection. This air-source heat pump air-conditioning water heater can not only realize cooling and heating functions, but also generate hot water, but has a large volume, complicated mechanism, and relatively high manufacturing cost.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的旨在提供一种结构简单合理、整机体积小、操作灵活、适用范围广的热泵空调热水机组,以克服现有技术中的不足之处。The object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump air conditioner and hot water unit with simple and reasonable structure, small overall volume, flexible operation and wide application range, so as to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
按此目的设计的一种热泵空调热水机组,包括压缩机、第一换热器、第一四通阀、第二换热器、节流部件、电磁阀、第二四通阀以及气液分离器,其结构特征是压缩机的高压出口与第一换热器的一端相通,第一换热器的另一端与第一四通阀的第四接口相通,第一四通阀的第一接口与第二换热器的一端相通,电磁阀的一端与第一四通阀的第四接口相通,电磁阀的另一端与第二换热器的另一端相通,第一四通阀的第二接口与气液分离器的一端相通,第一四通阀的第三接口与第二四通阀的第一接口相通,第二四通阀的第二接口接入第一四通阀的第二接口与气液分离器的一端之间,第二四通阀的第三接口与气液分离器的一端相通,气液分离器的另一端与压缩机的低压入口相通。A heat pump air conditioner and hot water unit designed for this purpose, including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first four-way valve, a second heat exchanger, a throttling component, a solenoid valve, a second four-way valve, and a gas-liquid The structural feature of the separator is that the high-pressure outlet of the compressor communicates with one end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the first heat exchanger communicates with the fourth port of the first four-way valve, and the first port of the first four-way valve The port communicates with one end of the second heat exchanger, one end of the solenoid valve communicates with the fourth port of the first four-way valve, the other end of the solenoid valve communicates with the other end of the second heat exchanger, and the fourth port of the first four-way valve communicates with the other end of the second heat exchanger. The second port communicates with one end of the gas-liquid separator, the third port of the first four-way valve communicates with the first port of the second four-way valve, and the second port of the second four-way valve connects with the first port of the first four-way valve. Between the second interface and one end of the gas-liquid separator, the third interface of the second four-way valve communicates with one end of the gas-liquid separator, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator communicates with the low-pressure inlet of the compressor.
所述节流部件包括第一节流部件,第一节流部件串接在电磁阀的另一端与第二换热器的另一端之间。The throttling part includes a first throttling part, and the first throttling part is connected in series between the other end of the electromagnetic valve and the other end of the second heat exchanger.
所述热泵空调热水机组还包括室内换热器,第二换热器的另一端与室内换热器的一端相通,第二四通阀的第四接口与室内换热器的另一端相通。The heat pump air conditioner and hot water unit also includes an indoor heat exchanger, the other end of the second heat exchanger communicates with one end of the indoor heat exchanger, and the fourth port of the second four-way valve communicates with the other end of the indoor heat exchanger.
所述节流部件包括还包括第二节流部件,第二节流部件串接在电磁阀的另一端与室内换热器的一端之间。The throttling part further includes a second throttling part, and the second throttling part is connected in series between the other end of the solenoid valve and one end of the indoor heat exchanger.
所述第二四通阀的第二接口通过毛细管接入第一四通阀的第二接口与气液分离器的一端之间。The second port of the second four-way valve is connected between the second port of the first four-way valve and one end of the gas-liquid separator through a capillary tube.
所述第一换热器为水侧换热器,该水侧换热器为套管换热器、板式换热器或壳管换热器。The first heat exchanger is a water-side heat exchanger, and the water-side heat exchanger is a casing heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
所述第二换热器为风侧换热器。The second heat exchanger is a wind-side heat exchanger.
所述节流部件为电子膨胀阀、毛细管或节流阀。The throttling component is an electronic expansion valve, capillary or throttling valve.
本发明将热泵空调冷暖系统和热泵制热水系统融合在一起,不仅可以进行单独制冷、单独制热、单独制热水,还可以在冬天室内机制热时同时制热水,而且可以在夏天室内机制冷时可根据内机所开的大小不同实现全热回收和部分热回收,并且可以在制冷时免费制取热水,同时也可以改善室外环境高温时候内机的送风效果。The invention integrates the heat pump air-conditioning cooling and heating system and the heat pump water heating system together, not only can perform separate refrigeration, separate heating, separate hot water heating, but also can simultaneously heat hot water when the indoor mechanism is heated in winter, and can be used indoors in summer When the machine is cooling, it can realize full heat recovery and partial heat recovery according to the size of the indoor unit, and can make hot water for free during cooling, and can also improve the air supply effect of the indoor unit when the outdoor environment is high.
本发明将一个水侧换热器和一个风侧换热器串联在一起,与压缩机、四通阀、节流部件和空调室内机换热器组合在一起,利用电磁阀和毛细管起的通断作用,可以实现单独空调制冷、单独空调制热、单独制热水、空调制冷同时全热回收、空调制冷同时部分热回收、空调制热同时制热水六种不同运行模式,其中的水侧换热器可以是套管换热器、板式换热器、壳管换热器等任意形式的水和制冷剂换热的换热器,其具有结构简单合理、整机体积小、功能多,制作成本低,操作方便的特点。In the present invention, a water-side heat exchanger and a wind-side heat exchanger are connected in series, and are combined with a compressor, a four-way valve, a throttling component and an air-conditioning indoor unit heat exchanger. It can realize six different operation modes: independent air conditioning cooling, independent air conditioning heating, independent hot water heating, air conditioning cooling and full heat recovery at the same time, air conditioning cooling and partial heat recovery at the same time, air conditioning heating and hot water heating at the same time. The heat exchanger can be any form of water and refrigerant heat exchange heat exchanger such as casing heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger, etc. It has simple and reasonable structure, small volume and multiple functions. The production cost is low and the operation is convenient.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明一实施例系统原理图。Fig. 1 is a system schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
图中:1为压缩机,2为水侧换热器,3为第一四通阀,4为风侧换热器,5为第一节流部件,6为第二节流部件,7为电磁阀,8为第二四通阀,9为毛细管,10为气液分离器,11为室内换热器。In the figure: 1 is the compressor, 2 is the water side heat exchanger, 3 is the first four-way valve, 4 is the air side heat exchanger, 5 is the first throttling part, 6 is the second throttling part, 7 is the Electromagnetic valve, 8 is the second four-way valve, 9 is a capillary, 10 is a gas-liquid separator, and 11 is an indoor heat exchanger.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
参见图1-图2,本热泵空调热水机组,包括压缩机1、第一换热器2、第一四通阀3、第二换热器4、节流部件、电磁阀7、第二四通阀8、毛细管9、气液分离器10和室内换热器11。第一换热器2为水侧换热器,该水侧换热器为套管换热器、板式换热器或壳管换热器。第二换热器4为风侧换热器。Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the heat pump air conditioner and hot water unit includes a compressor 1, a
节流部件为电子膨胀阀、毛细管或节流阀。节流部件包括第一节流部件5和第二节流部件6。The throttling parts are electronic expansion valves, capillary tubes or throttling valves. The throttling member includes a
压缩机1的高压出口与第一换热器2的一端相通,第一换热器2的另一端与第一四通阀3的第四接口IV相通,第一四通阀3的第一接口I与第二换热器4的一端相通,电磁阀7的一端与第一四通阀3的第四接口IV相通,电磁阀7的另一端与第二换热器4的另一端相通,第一四通阀3的第二接口II与气液分离器10的一端相通,第一四通阀3的第三接口III与第二四通阀8的第一接口V相通,第二四通阀8的第二接口VI接入第一四通阀3的第二接口II与气液分离器10的一端之间,第二四通阀8的第三接口VII与气液分离器10的一端相通,气液分离器10的另一端与压缩机1的低压入口相通。The high-pressure outlet of the compressor 1 communicates with one end of the
第一节流部件5串接在电磁阀7的另一端与第二换热器4的另一端之间。第二换热器4的另一端与室内换热器11的一端相通,第二四通阀8的第四接口VIII与室内换热器11的另一端相通。第二节流部件6串接在电磁阀7的另一端与室内换热器11的一端之间。第二四通阀8的第二接口VI通过毛细管9接入第一四通阀3的第二接口II与气液分离器10的一端之间。The
热泵空调热水机组正常运行时共有六种运行模式,分别描述如下:There are six operating modes for the heat pump air conditioner and hot water unit in normal operation, which are described as follows:
1、空调制冷同时全热回收模式1. Air-conditioning refrigeration and full heat recovery mode at the same time
冷媒流向:a-b-c-d-e-f-g-h-iRefrigerant flow direction: a-b-c-d-e-f-g-h-i
第一换热器2通水,第一四通阀3上电,第二四通阀8掉电,电磁阀7开通,第一节流部件5关闭,第二节流部件6根据系统状况调节。冷媒从压缩机1的高压出口排出来后通过第一换热器2,与水换热后流经电磁阀7,经过第二节流部件6节流后,进入室内换热器11蒸发,然后经过第二四通阀8和气液分离器10回到压缩机的低压入口。The
2、空调制冷同时部分热回收模式2. Air-conditioning refrigeration and partial heat recovery mode
冷媒流向:a-b-j-k-l-e-f-g-h-iRefrigerant flow direction: a-b-j-k-l-e-f-g-h-i
第一换热器2通水,第一四通阀3和第二四通阀8都掉电,电磁阀7关闭,第一节流部件5全开,第二节流部件6根据系统状况调节。冷媒从压缩机1的高压出口排出来通过第一换热器2,与水换掉部分热后流经第一四通阀3,与第二换热器4再换热,流经第一节流部件5,经过第二节流部件6节流后进入室内换热器11蒸发,然后经过第二四通阀8和气液分离器10回到压缩机的低压入口。The
3、空调制热同时制热水模式3. Air conditioner heating and hot water heating mode at the same time
冷媒流向:a-b-j-n-f-e-l-k-m-h-iRefrigerant flow direction: a-b-j-n-f-e-l-k-m-h-i
第一换热器2通水,第一四通阀3和第二四通阀8都上电,电磁阀7关闭,第一节流部件5根据系统状况调节,第二节流部件6全开。冷媒从压缩机1的高压出口排出来通过第一换热器2,与水换掉部分热后流经第一四通阀3和第二四通阀8,进入室内换热器11换热,冷凝后流经第二节流部件6,经过第一节流部件5节流后,流经第二换热器4蒸发,然后经过第一四通阀3和气液分离器10回到压缩机的低压入口。The
4、单独制热水模式:4. Separate hot water heating mode:
冷媒流向:a-b-c-d-l-k-m-h-iRefrigerant flow direction: a-b-c-d-l-k-m-h-i
第一换热器2通水,第一四通阀3上电,第二四通阀8掉电,电磁阀7开通,第一节流部件5根据系统状况调节,第二节流部件6关闭。冷媒从压缩机1的高压出口排出来通过第一换热器2,与水换热后流经电磁阀7,经过第一节流部件5节流后,流经第二换热器4蒸发,然后经过第一四通阀3和气液分离器10回到压缩机的低压入口。The
5、单独制冷模式:5. Separate cooling mode:
冷媒流向:a-b-j-k-l-e-f-g-h-iRefrigerant flow direction: a-b-j-k-l-e-f-g-h-i
第一换热器2不通水,第一四通阀3和第二四通阀8都掉电,电磁阀7关闭,第一节流部件5全开,第二节流部件6根据系统状况调节。冷媒从压缩机1的高压出口排出来通过第一换热器2和第一四通阀3后流经第二换热器4冷凝,通过第一节流部件5,经过第二节流部件6节流后,进入室内换热器11蒸发,然后经过第二四通阀8和气液分离器10回到压缩机的低压人口。The
6、单独制热模式:6. Separate heating mode:
冷媒流向:a-b-j-n-f-e-l-k-m-h-iRefrigerant flow direction: a-b-j-n-f-e-l-k-m-h-i
第一换热器2不通水,第一四通阀3和第二四通阀8都上电,电磁阀7关闭,第一节流部件5根据系统状况调节,第二节流部件6全开。冷媒从压缩机1的高压出口排出来通过第一换热器2,经过和第一四通阀3和第二四通阀8后,进入室内换热器11换热,冷凝后流经第二节流部件6,经过第一节流部件5节流后,在第二换热器4蒸发,然后经过第一四通阀3和气液分离器10回到压缩机的低压入口。The
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100025354A CN101852515B (en) | 2010-01-09 | 2010-01-09 | Heat pump air conditioner hot water unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100025354A CN101852515B (en) | 2010-01-09 | 2010-01-09 | Heat pump air conditioner hot water unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101852515A CN101852515A (en) | 2010-10-06 |
| CN101852515B true CN101852515B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
Family
ID=42804116
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100025354A Expired - Fee Related CN101852515B (en) | 2010-01-09 | 2010-01-09 | Heat pump air conditioner hot water unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101852515B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104390385A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-04 | 江门市凯立信电气科技有限公司 | Heat pump system and control method thereof |
| CN105180527B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2017-12-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner, hot water system and control method |
| CN108679868B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2020-10-09 | 广州大学 | Self-operated multifunctional heat pump system and control method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-01-09 CN CN2010100025354A patent/CN101852515B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101852515A (en) | 2010-10-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102645060B (en) | Multi-split air conditioning system | |
| CN100443826C (en) | Multifunctional Ground Source Heat Pump Radiant Air Conditioning and Hot Water System | |
| CN102155820B (en) | Multipurpose air-conditioner hot water system | |
| CN107278253A (en) | Air energy double-stage heat pump air conditioning system | |
| CN201363859Y (en) | Air conditioning unit | |
| CN101806516B (en) | A heat pump air conditioner water heater | |
| CN210717989U (en) | A multi-line system | |
| CN206579445U (en) | Heat pump type air conditioning system and electric automobile | |
| CN102759219B (en) | Energy-saving heat pump hot water air conditioner and working method thereof | |
| CN101788208B (en) | Air source heat pump air-conditioning water chiller/heater unit | |
| CN102022826A (en) | Two-stage synchronous condensation air supply heat pump water heater | |
| CN102183104A (en) | Indirect-expanding solar assisted multifunctional heat pump system | |
| CN101487642B (en) | Heat pump | |
| CN201706774U (en) | A heat pump air conditioner water heater | |
| CN101749884A (en) | Direct heating type cold and warm air conditioner water heater | |
| CN201043824Y (en) | Air source heat pump air conditioner water heater | |
| CN101852515B (en) | Heat pump air conditioner hot water unit | |
| CN102072531B (en) | Four-pipe type heat recovery multi-split air conditioning system | |
| CN209165778U (en) | A kind of novel heat pump system | |
| CN100467966C (en) | Multi-connected central heat pump heating air conditioning water heater | |
| CN104406247B (en) | Multipurpose air conditioner heat-pump water heater system | |
| CN107477900A (en) | Air conditioner circulating system and round-robin method and air-conditioning | |
| CN203478692U (en) | Total heat recovery household multi-split air-conditioner system | |
| CN201014845Y (en) | Ground source heat pump water heater | |
| CN201014834Y (en) | Ground source heat pump radiant air conditioner and hot water device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: MIDEA GROUP CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: MEIDI ELECTRIC APPLIANCES CO., LTD., GUANGDONG Effective date: 20131203 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 528300 FOSHAN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE TO: 528311 FOSHAN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20131203 Address after: 528311 Guangdong, Foshan, Beijiao, the United States, the United States and the United States on the avenue of the United States, the headquarters of the United States building B floor, District, 26-28 Patentee after: MIDEA GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528300 Penglai Road, Beijiao Town, Shunde District, Guangdong, Foshan Patentee before: GD MIDEA HOLDING CD., Ltd. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20201218 Address after: 381-8 Zhenghe Avenue, district a, Huigu Pioneer Park, Huishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Wuxi Pinzhi Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528311, 26-28, B District, Mei headquarters building, 6 Mei Road, Beijiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong. Patentee before: MIDEA GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20220505 Address after: 102488 515, floor 5, building 1, yard 12, Changxing East Street, Fangshan District, Beijing Patentee after: Dizhuo (Beijing) Consulting Co.,Ltd. Address before: 381-8 Zhenghe Avenue, district a, Huigu Pioneer Park, Huishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Wuxi Pinzhi Information Technology Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240508 Address after: Room 1206-07, building 3, No. 311, Yanxin Road, Huishan Economic Development Zone, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214174 Patentee after: Wuxi Hengyang Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 102488 515, floor 5, building 1, yard 12, Changxing East Street, Fangshan District, Beijing Patentee before: Dizhuo (Beijing) Consulting Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20111116 |
