CN101848029A - Interactive method of MAC (Media Access Control) layer and radio-frequency head - Google Patents
Interactive method of MAC (Media Access Control) layer and radio-frequency head Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.16d based interactive method of an MAC (Media Access Control) layer and a radio-frequency head, which prescribes the interactive information type and the interactive mechanism of the MAC layer and the radio-frequency head the basis of a TDD (Time Division Duplex) Mesh network. Interlayer common interface information which is added during interlayer data interaction and interlayer interactive information for interlayer function maintenance are respectively defined in the aspect of ensuring interlay function interaction, and two different transmission frame structures specially for interlayer information transmission are formulated, thereby ensuring that the transmission of a data packet at the radio frequency head is completely controlled and scheduled by the MAC layer and ensuring the reliability of transmission among hardware.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Wireless Mesh network communications field, relate in particular to based on the IEEE802.16d standard, at the mutual a kind of method that puts forward of the MAC layer and the radio-frequency head of wireless Mesh netword.
Background technology
In the TDD system, will be divided into fritter one by one the time, be referred to as time slot (Timeslot), the user determines to send message at different time slots after by mutual and reservation, thereby avoids colliding.Most important based on the system of time division duplex also is that the most difficult part just is the control to time slot, promptly MAC layer and radio-frequency head (RF) clock synchronously, and the control that radio-frequency head is transmitted and receive data of MAC layer on this basis.
Stipulated to consult between node the process of time slot in the IEEE 802.16d standard, but do not relate to the MAC layer in the same node and the reciprocal process of radio-frequency head, therefore the MAC reasonable in design and the soft interface of radio-frequency head, receiving and dispatching at the time slot of regulation by soft interface control radio-frequency head, is the important channel that guarantees the TDD systematic function.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of MAC layer and the mutual method of radio-frequency head of the TDD of being applicable to Mesh network, make radio-frequency head can better be controlled by the MAC layer, thereby ensure the TDD systematic function.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: defined interlayer generic interface message and interlayer interaction message.The interlayer interface that should add when sending data is referred to as interlayer generic interface message.When not needing to send data, be the interactive information that the function that keeps two interlayers is transmitted, be referred to as the interlayer interaction message.
In addition, at above two kinds of frame formats that message definition is different.Its purpose is to transmit message when (comprise the generic interface message that interlayer transmits and be used for the mutual interlayer interaction message of interlayer) at interlayer, adds the control information position, with the accuracy that guarantees to transmit between hardware.Described information bit comprises the frame head of identification frames starting point, the postamble that identification frames finishes, type, frame length and the CRC check position of label layer interface message.
(1) particular content of described interlayer generic interface message comprises:
1) MAC → RF interlayer generic interface message, content is as shown in table 1,
Table 1 MAC → RF interlayer generic interface message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ??1 | Send control/Data Labels | ??tx_flag_control_data | ??1bit |
| ??2 | Send multiple frame number | ??tx_multiframe_num | ??1bit |
| ??3 | Transmitting channel number | ??tx_channel_num | ??4bits |
| ??reserved | ??2bits |
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ??4 | The transmit frame starting point | ??tx_frame_num | ??8bits |
| ??5 | The sending time slots starting point | ??tx_minislot_num | ??8bits |
| ??6 | The sending time slots duration | ??tx_minislot_duration | ??8bits |
| ??7 | Transmitted power | ??tx_power | ??8bits |
| ??reserved | ??24bits |
To be the indication radio-frequency head send this packet at 6 time slot for added interface message when this message is used for the MAC layer and sends MAC_PDU message to physical layer, the major function of this interface message.Wherein,
-tx_flag_control_data: the MAC_PDU message that sign MAC layer sends is the administrative messag of MAC layer or common data-message.0 expression control messages, 1 expression data-message.If control messages, then the message of back need only detect 4 and 5, because control messages sends in a control time slot.
-tx_multiframe_num: sign MAC_PDU message sends in which multi-frame of radio-frequency head.Because be 2 the multiframe period that radio-frequency head is safeguarded, therefore this position is only represented with 1 bit.
-tx_channel_num: in multichannel Mesh system, the transmitting channel of sign MAC_PDU message.
-tx_frame_num: the transmit frame starting point of sign MAC_PDU message.
-tx_minislot_num: the sending time slots starting point of sign MAC_PDU message.
-tx_minislot_duration: sign sends the timeslot number that MAC_PDU message continues, and shows that promptly this message should distribute in several time slots.
-tx_power: indicate the power that adopts when sending this message.Power when the MAC layer calculates suitable transmission data by power control algorithm.
2) RF → MAC interlayer generic interface message, content is as shown in table 2,
Table 2 RF → MAC interlayer generic interface message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ??1 | Receive time delay | ??rx_delay | ??6bits |
| ??2 | Receive control and Data Labels | ??rx_flag_control_data | ??1bit |
| ??3 | Receive multiple frame number | ??rx_multiframe_hum | ??1bit |
| ??4 | Received power | ??rx_power | ??4bits |
| ??5 | Receive channel number | ??rx_channel_hum | ??4bits |
| ??6 | Received frame | ??rx_frame_num | ??8bits |
| ??7 | Receiving slot | ??rx_minislot_num | ??8bits |
| ??8 | Received signal to noise ratio | ??rx_snr | ??32bit |
After this interface message is used for message that radio-frequency head receives wireless space, the interface message of being added when sending physical layer (physical layer sends the MAC layer again to) to, the node that is mainly used in radio-frequency head clock and MAC clock is synchronous.Wherein,
-rx_delay: the time migration of the reception information that radio-frequency head is measured is used to estimate receive time delay, thereby is used for the synchronously smart of radio-frequency head.
-rx_flag_control_data: the message that sign receives from wireless space is at the control time slot or at data slot.0 is illustrated in the control time slot receives, and 1 is illustrated in data slot receives.
-rx_multiframe_num: sign MAC_PDU message is which the multi-frame reception at radio-frequency head, is used for the synchronous detecting of radio-frequency head clock and MAC clock.
-rx_power: the received power of sign MAC_PDU message when radio-frequency head receives, obtain by the radio-frequency module detection, be used for the topology control of network layer.
-rx_channel_num: sign MAC_PDU message is to receive on which channel, is used for multichannel system control.
-rx_frame_num: which frame sign MAC_PDU is at during message sink, is used for the detection of radio-frequency head and MAC clock synchronization.
-rx_minislot_num: which time slot sign MAC_PDU message sink is at, is used for the detection of radio-frequency head and MAC clock synchronization.
-rx_snr: sign receives the received power of MAC_PDU message, is used for the selection and the power control of MAC layer debud mode.
(2) described interlayer interaction message particular content comprises:
1) MAC → RF interlayer interaction message
1. node inserts message (CMD=0x01, wherein CMD identifies the type of interface message, down together), and content is as shown in table 3,
Table 3 node inserts message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ?1 | Node access network sign | flag_net_access | ?8bits |
| reserved | ??56bits |
The MAC layer is by this message informing radio-frequency head, and the state of node is access network state or access network state not now.0 expression node accessed network, 1 expression node is access network not.
2. channel search message (CMD=0x02), content is as shown in table 4,
Table 4 channel search message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ?1 | Adjust channel number | ??select_channel_num | ??8bits |
| ??reserved | ??56bits |
Which receive channel the MAC layer should adjust to by this message informing radio-frequency head at node networking stage receiver, and this message is used for the search network upper signal channel before new node networks.
3. clock synchronization message (CMD=0x03), content is as shown in table 5,
Table 5 clock synchronization message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ??1 | Frame type | ?sych_frame_type | ??1bit |
| ??2 | Multiple frame number | ?sych_multiframe_num | ??7bits |
| ??3 | Frame number | ?sych_frame_num | ??8bits |
| ??4 | Timeslot number | ?sych_minislot_num | ??8bits |
| ?reserved | ??40bits |
The MAC layer is by this message, and the indication radio-frequency head makes its clock correction consistent with MAC layer clock.Wherein,
-sych_frame_type: the timeslot number below the frame type sign herein is the time slot of control subframe or the time slot of data burst.0 sign is the time slot of control subframe, the time slot of 1 expression data burst.
4. network configuration message (CMD=0x04), content is as shown in table 6,
Table 6 network configuration message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ??1 | The length of control subframe | ??config_msh_ctrl_len | ??4bits |
| ??2 | The length of scheduling frame | ??config_scheduling_frames | ??4bits |
| ??3 | The number of channel | ??config_channels | ??4bits |
| ??reserved | ??4bits | ||
| ??reserved | ??48bits |
The MAC layer is by this message, with the configuration information notice radio-frequency head of network.After new node adds already present network, from the broadcast that receives, can obtain the configuration parameter of network, the MAC layer obtains to inform radio-frequency head by this message after these parameters that radio-frequency head is provided with its clock cycle.Wherein,
-config_msh_ctrl_len: identify the length of control subframe in the frame of this network, follow the frame structure of the 10ms that stipulates in the IEEE802.16d standard.
-config_scheduling_frames: identify a multi-frame and contain what scheduling frames, show that also how many frames a multi-frame has, and follows the frame structure of the 10ms that stipulates in the IEEE 802.16d standard simultaneously.0 represents and comprises 0 frame in the multi-frame, and 1 representative comprises 1*4=4 frame, and 2 represent and comprise 2*4=8 frame, and the like.
-config_channels: identify the number of available channels in the existing network.
5. time of reception message (CMD=0x05), content is as shown in table 7,
Table 7 time of reception message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ??1 | Receive multiple frame number | ??rx_multiframe_num | ??1bits |
| ??2 | Receive channel number | ??rx_channel_num | ??4bits |
| ??reserved | ??3bits | ||
| ??3 | The received frame starting point | ??rx_frame_num | ??8bits |
| ??4 | The received frame duration | ??rx_frame_duration | ??8bits |
| ??5 | The receiving slot starting point | ??rx_minislot_num | ??8bits |
| ??6 | The receiving slot duration | ??rx_minislot_duration | ??8bits |
| ??reserved | ??24bits |
The MAC layer is by this message, and when indication radio-frequency head receiver is opened, and is opened to which channel, and receives the message in the wireless space.
2) RF → MAC interlayer interaction message
Clock synchronization message (CMD=0x81), content is as shown in table 8,
Table 8 clock synchronization message content
| Title | Take bit number | ||
| ??1 | Frame type | ?config_frame_type | ??1bit |
| ??2 | Multiple frame number | ?config_multiframe_num | ??7bits |
| ??3 | Frame number | ?config_frame_num | ??8bits |
| ??4 | Timeslot number | ?config_minislot_num | ??8bits |
| ?reserved | ??40bits |
This message is used to measure propagation delay time and the clock synchronization between MAC layer and radio-frequency head.Receive the node access message of MAC layer transmission when radio-frequency head after, return clock synchronization message immediately and give the MAC layer.The MAC layer is by propagation delay time and clock synchronization between this process computing hardware.
(3) particular content of described frame format comprises:
1) interlayer generic interface data frame format:
1.MAC → RF interlayer generic interface Frame, content is as shown in table 9,
Table 9MAC → RF interlayer generic interface data frame content
| ??1 | Frame head | ??8bits | ?0x95 |
| ??2 | ??CMD | ??8bits | ?0x00 |
| ??3 | ??Len | ??16bits | The length of entire frame behind removal frame head and the postamble |
| ??4 | Interface message | ??64bits | The interlayer generic interface message of MAC → RF |
| ??5 | ??Payload | Variable | ?MAC-PDU |
| ??6 | ??CRC | ??8bits | Get and negate verification (not comprising frame head, postamble and CRC itself) |
| ??7 | Postamble | ??8bits | ?0xA5 |
Wherein, the type of CMD sign interface message is fixed as 0x00.
2.RF → MAC interlayer generic interface Frame, content is as shown in table 10,
Table 10RF → MAC interlayer generic interface data frame content
| ??1 | Frame head | ??8bits | ?0x95 |
| ??2 | ??CMD | ??8bits | ?0x80 |
| ??3 | ??Len | ??16bits | The length of entire frame behind removal frame head and the postamble |
| ??4 | Interface message | ??64bits | The interlayer generic interface message of RF → MAC |
| ??1 | Frame head | ??8bits | ?0x95 |
| ??5 | ??Payload | Variable | Radio-frequency head receives the message in the wireless space |
| ??6 | ??CRC | ??8bits | Get and negate verification (not comprising frame head, postamble and CRC itself) |
| ??7 | Postamble | ??8bits | ?0xA5 |
Wherein, CMD is fixed as 0x80.
2) interlayer interaction message frame format
1.MAC → RF interlayer interaction message frame, content is as shown in table 11,
Table 11MAC → RF interlayer interaction message content frame
| ??1 | Frame head | ??8bits | ?0x95 |
| ??2 | ??CMD | ??8bits | ?0x01～0x7F |
| ??3 | Interface message | ??64bits | The interlayer interaction message of MAC → RF |
| ??4 | ??CRC | ??8bits | Get and negate verification (not comprising frame head, postamble and CRC itself) |
| ??5 | Postamble | ??8bits | ?0xA5 |
Wherein, the span of CMD is 0x01～0x7F.
2.RF → MAC interlayer interaction message frame, content is as shown in table 12,
Table 12RF → MAC interlayer interaction message content frame
| ??1 | Frame head | ??8bits | ?0x95 |
| ??2 | ??CMD | ??8bits | ?0x81～0xFF |
| ??3 | Interface message | ??64bits | The interlayer interaction message of RF → MAC |
| ??4 | ??CRC | ??8bits | Get and negate verification (not comprising frame head, postamble and CRC itself) |
| ??5 | Postamble | ??8bits | ?0xA5 |
Wherein, the span of CMD is 0x81～0xFF.
By the soft interface of design MAC layer and radio-frequency head on the basis of hardware SPI interface, realize MAC layer control radio-frequency head and the mutual purpose of two interlayers, thereby the assurance data can be received and dispatched normally in the time slot that the MAC layer is divided.
Effect of the present invention is: the interlayer interface message by design has guaranteed the clock synchronization of radio-frequency head and MAC layer and has guaranteed that radio-frequency head sends data and accurately is subjected to the control of MAC layer that the frame format of formulation has ensured the reliable transmission between hardware preferably preferably.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
1. interlayer generic interface data frame format, as shown in table 13:
Table 13 interlayer generic interface data frame format
| Frame head | ?CMD | ??Len | The general data interface message | ??Payload | ??CRC | Postamble |
2. interlayer interaction message frame format, as shown in table 14:
Table 14 interlayer interaction message frame format
| Frame head | ??CMD | The interlayer interaction message | ??CRC | Postamble |
Embodiment two
MAC layer and radio-frequency head utilize the message of above-mentioned definition to carry out mutual process:
1. node device powers on;
2. radio-frequency head and MAC layer are opened clock separately;
3.MAC sending node inserts message (CMD=0x01) and gives radio-frequency head, the state of notice radio-frequency head node access network, opening timing device T1 simultaneously.After radio-frequency head received, tranmitting data register synchronization message (CMD=0x81) was given MAC, the clock of notice MAC radio-frequency head.After MAC receives this message, stop timer T1 at once, and writing time be T, calculate that propagation delay time is T/2 between hardware.
4.MAC transmitting channel is adjusted message (CMD=0x02) and given radio-frequency head, the indication radio-frequency head is searched on which channel.
5. if radio-frequency head receives a message on this channel when one of them channel of search, then radio-frequency head is sent to the MAC layer to this message, and the MAC layer is resolved.When the message that transmission receives, transmit RF → MAC interlayer generic interface Frame (CMD=0x80) simultaneously.
6. if in the time of MAC layer appointment, radio-frequency head does not still receive any message on channel appointed, then the MAC layer resends channel adjustment message (CMD=0x02) and gives radio-frequency head, allowing radio-frequency head change channel searches for again, overtime up to MAC layer clock, the notice radio-frequency head is switching channels again.If all channels are all searched intact, radio-frequency head does not all receive information on all channels, and then MAC layer oneself is set up network.
7.MAC layer receives after the message in the step 5, the MAC layer carries out the first step of node access network;
If the message in the execution in step 6, then MAC layer oneself is set up network, and by MAC → RF transmission node inserts message (CMD=0x01) and network configuration message (CMD=0x04) is given radio-frequency head, the node networking stage finishes.
8. radio-frequency head continues to receive message on this channel, pass to the MAC layer, the MAC layer is resolved the message that receives, if finding the message that receives is the NCFG of same node and is NCFG ND message, then carry out the synchronous of MAC clock, and the clock synchronization message (CMD=0x03) that sends in MAC → RF message is given radio-frequency head, with the clock of this synchronous radio-frequency head.In this message, should add propagation delay time (T/2) between a hardware.
9. beginning access procedure, access procedure is finished.MAC sends network configuration message (CMD=0x04) and informs radio-frequency head node access network.
Mutual behind the access network:
If the value of the NCFG that-MAC layer receives " hop count " is less than own value, then with own MAC clock synchronization in the message that receives, and simultaneously tranmitting data register synchronization message (CMD=0x03) to radio-frequency head, the clock of synchronous radio-frequency head once more.
If-MAC does not receive the message that radio-frequency head passes to for a long time, think that then node falls net.This moment, MAC layer sending node inserted message (CMD=0x01) to radio-frequency head, and notice radio-frequency head node has fallen net.(MAC layer-management message or receive the message on upper strata) in the time of will sending out, adds general data packet interface message (CMD=0x00) if-MAC layer has data, and when the notice radio-frequency head opens transmitter sends out this message.
When the crack sends if-this node has licensed to neighbor node, be that this node and neighbor node are finished " three-way handshake " afterwards, send time of reception message (CMD=0x05) and give radio-frequency head, the notice radio-frequency head opens when open the message that receiver receives neighbours' transmission.For example: receive multiple frame number=0, receive channel number=1, received frame starting point=3, received frame duration=4, receiving slot starting point=4, receiving slot duration=4.Then radio-frequency head is open at 0 multi-frame with receiver, the time slot that the time slot of reception such as table 15 grid cover, and receive channel is opened to 1 channel.
Table 15 receiving slot
Node inserts the periodic synchronous that these three interlayer interaction messages of message (CMD=0x01), clock synchronization message (CMD=0x81) and clock synchronization message (CMD=0x03) are made the intra-node clock by node.Concrete, MAC course radio-frequency head periodically sending node inserts the state that message (CMD=0x01) is inquired about radio-frequency head, radio-frequency head receives and returns clock synchronization message (CMD=0x81) at once after the message and report the clock situation of oneself, the MAC layer compares the clock of the radio-frequency head that receives and the clock of this layer, finds when inconsistent that tranmitting data register synchronization message (CMD=0x03) is proofreaied and correct at once.
The MAC layer that the present invention has realized on based on DSK and based on the FPGA development board on the radio-frequency head realized carried out joint test, the interlayer interaction message of table with test results exposed installation meter makes interlayer carry out alternately preferably, makes radio-frequency head be controlled by the MAC layer preferably and carries out operations such as transceive data.In addition, the transmission frame-form of the interlayer message of design has ensured the reliability of transmission of messages preferably.
Claims (7)
1. MAC layer and radio-frequency head exchange method based on an IEEE802.16d, it is characterized in that, define MAC layer and the interlayer generic interface message between radio-frequency head and the interlayer interaction message of same node, and at generic interface Frame and interlayer interaction message frame between these two kinds of message difference definition layers;
Described interlayer generic interface message is divided into that the MAC layer is sent to radio-frequency head and radio-frequency head is sent to MAC layer two class;
The interlayer generic interface message that described MAC floor is sent to radio-frequency head comprises following information: send control/Data Labels, send and answer frame number, transmitting channel number, transmit frame starting point, sending time slots starting point, sending time slots duration, transmitted power;
The interlayer generic interface message that described radio-frequency head is sent to the MAC floor comprises following information: receive time delay, receive control and Data Labels, the multiple frame number of reception, received power, receive channel number, received frame, receiving slot, received signal to noise ratio.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described interlayer interaction message is divided into that the MAC layer is sent to radio-frequency head and radio-frequency head is sent to MAC layer two class.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the interlayer interaction message that described MAC layer is sent to radio-frequency head is divided into following classification: node inserts message, channel search message, clock synchronization message, network configuration message, time of reception message.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the interlayer interaction message that described radio-frequency head is sent to the MAC layer is a clock synchronization message.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described interlayer generic interface Frame and described interlayer interaction message frame are divided into respectively that the MAC layer is sent to radio-frequency head and radio-frequency head is sent to MAC layer two class.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described interlayer generic interface Frame comprises following information: frame head, CMD, Len, interface message, Payload, CRC, postamble; Wherein,
The type of-CMD sign interface message;
-Len is the length of entire frame behind removal frame head and the postamble;
-interface message is an interlayer generic interface message;
-Payload is that MAC-PDU message or radio frequency receive the message in the wireless space.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described interlayer interaction message frame comprises following information: frame head, CMD, interface message, CRC, postamble; Wherein,
The type of-CMD sign interface message;
-interface message is the interlayer interaction message.
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| CN101013912A (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2007-08-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Power control method for centralized wireless multihop access network |
| EP1885090A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-06 | Siemens S.p.A. | Time horizon scheduling method for transmitting traffic data bursts with variable length in PMP telecommunications networks |
| CN101541043A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-09-23 | 重庆邮电大学 | Method for ensuring reliability of 802.16MAC layer supporting service differentiation |
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| EP1885090A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-06 | Siemens S.p.A. | Time horizon scheduling method for transmitting traffic data bursts with variable length in PMP telecommunications networks |
| CN101013912A (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2007-08-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Power control method for centralized wireless multihop access network |
| CN101541043A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-09-23 | 重庆邮电大学 | Method for ensuring reliability of 802.16MAC layer supporting service differentiation |
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