CN101845606B - Method fur forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part by current self-resistance heating - Google Patents
Method fur forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part by current self-resistance heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101845606B CN101845606B CN2010102052002A CN201010205200A CN101845606B CN 101845606 B CN101845606 B CN 101845606B CN 2010102052002 A CN2010102052002 A CN 2010102052002A CN 201010205200 A CN201010205200 A CN 201010205200A CN 101845606 B CN101845606 B CN 101845606B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for forming an aluminum base composite material thin wall part by current self-resistance heating, which belongs to the field of heat processing. The invention aims to solve the problems of poor forming quality of a thin wall part just by heating a blank as well as low heat utilization ratio and great energy consumption by heating the blank together with a die when the stretching formation is carried out on a particle-reinforced aluminum base composite material. The method comprises the following steps of: 1. placing a forming device on a press machine; 2. pressurizing an upper electrode clamping plate, clamping the blank to be formed, switching on a power supply and heating the blank to be formed; 3. measuring temperature in real time by using an infrared thermometer and adjusting an output current parameter of a power supply in real time so that the heating speed of the blank to be formed reaches 5-20 DEG C/s; 4. when the blank to be formed reaches 350-450 DEG C, removing the pressure on the upper electrode clamping plate and pressurizing an edge press ring by the press machine so that the edge press ring compresses the blank to be formed on a lower die; and 5. pressing an upper die for descending and pressing the blank to be formed for forming.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric current from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method, belong to the hot-work field.
Background technology
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material has advantages such as high strength, high rigidity, low density, in high-tech sector a lot of application is arranged, and still, this material plasticity is relatively poor, adopts conventional stretch forming technology to be difficult to be shaped, and must adopt thermoforming.If adopt traditional blank heating, the stock rapid heat dissipation of thin-walled parts, non-uniform temperature, forming quality instability; Adopting the mold integral heating to be about to mould puts into body of heater with blank and heats jointly, can improve forming quality, but, generally speaking, the volume of mould will be far longer than the volume of blank to be formed, that is to say that in the process of common heating, the heat of the overwhelming majority all has been applied on the mould.It is estimated, generally, in the heat that superplastic forming consumed, only there is heat to be used on the blank superplastic deformation less than 5%, all the other all consume on other parts such as mould, pressure head, airway, therefore in traditional superplasticity gas bulging forming process, the effective rate of utilization of heat is very low, certainly will cause great energy dissipation.And in the heat-processed of traditional technology, the mode that mould and blank receive heat mainly is thermal radiation and thermal conduction, the heat transmission speed is slower, in order to make blank reach even, higher superplastic forming temperature, heat-up time is often very long, reaches 1 to a few hours according to the unusual of technology, and therefore the heating efficiency of this type of heating is also very low, production efficiency is very low, is difficult to adapt to batch production requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks in order to solve when particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material carried out stretch forming, as only heating blank, then the forming quality of thin-walled parts is poor; As heating together with mould, then heat utilization ratio is low, has wasted the problem of a large amount of energy, provides a kind of electric current from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method.
Building mortion that the inventive method is used comprises power supply, mould, top electrode clamping plate, lower electrode clamping plate and infrared thermometer,
Mould comprises upper die and lower die, mould is provided with blank holder, the top electrode clamping plate and the lower electrode clamping plate of correspondence about in a pair of position of blank holder arranged outside, on the two ends that are connected to power supply of two electrodes that top electrode clamping plate and lower electrode clamping plate are folded, keep insulation between top electrode clamping plate and lower electrode clamping plate and the mould
Electric current may further comprise the steps from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method:
Step 5, exert pressure by pressing machine, make the patrix pressurized descending, the pressure head of patrix is pressed into blank to be formed in the die cavity of counterdie, make blank generation viscous deformation to be formed, through crooked, stretching, subsides moding shape stage the internal surface of blank to be formed and counterdie is fitted, finish the plastic forming process of blank to be formed.
Advantage of the present invention: since be utilize electric current to flow through blank produced that a joule resistance heat directly heats blank itself, to blank itself heating and its temperature is remained in the thermoforming temperature range, by pressurizing device blank is applied certain pressure then, make it that viscous deformation take place in mold cavity.So avoided not only that monoblock type adds the calorific loss of heat rejection on other parts such as mould in traditional superplastic forming technology, and make that heat-processed is very fast, the blank interior temperature distribution is very even, greatly improved the efficient of energy utilization ratio and heating.In addition, because blank can form after temperature immediately, temperature is even, helps the viscous deformation of blank, improves quality product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of the inventive method, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the used building mortion of the inventive method, and Fig. 3 is the structural principle synoptic diagram that adds the postforming process, and Fig. 4 is a SiC particle-reinforced Al matrix compound electric heating property curve.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 present embodiment is described, present embodiment building mortion that method is used comprises power supply 1, mould, top electrode clamping plate 5, lower electrode clamping plate 6 and infrared thermometer 8,
Mould comprises patrix 2 and counterdie 3, mould is provided with blank holder 4, the top electrode clamping plate 5 and the lower electrode clamping plate 6 of correspondence about in a pair of position of blank holder 4 arranged outside, on the two ends that are connected to power supply 1 of two electrodes that top electrode clamping plate 5 and lower electrode clamping plate 6 are folded, keep insulation between top electrode clamping plate 5 and lower electrode clamping plate 6 and the mould
Electric current may further comprise the steps from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method:
Step 5, exert pressure by pressing machine, make patrix 2 pressurizeds descending, the pressure head of patrix 2 is pressed into blank 7 to be formed in the die cavity of counterdie 3, make blank 7 to be formed that viscous deformation take place, through crooked, stretching, subsides moding shape stage the blank 7 to be formed and the internal surface of counterdie 3 are fitted, finish the plastic forming process of blank 7 to be formed.
The die sinking pickup, school shape is cut edge, and obtains final part.
Patrix 2 and counterdie 3 place the both sides up and down of blank 7 to be formed respectively, the position to be formed of blank 7 to be formed places the cavity top of counterdie 3, the outward flange of blank 7 to be formed stretches out outside the die edge and places between top electrode clamping plate 5 and the lower electrode clamping plate 6, so that top electrode clamping plate 5 and lower electrode clamping plate 6 are with the outward flange clamping of blank 7 to be formed
When the inventive method heats in opening power 1, because of keeping insulation between top electrode clamping plate 5 and lower electrode clamping plate 6 and the mould, do not participate in power circuit so occupy the mould of very big resistance, top electrode clamping plate 5 and lower electrode clamping plate 6 folded two electrodes, power supply 1 and blank to be formed 7 form power circuit, insulating Design makes mould can not shunt the electric current of the blank 7 to be formed of flowing through, and reduces power loss.The resistance of blank 7 to be formed will be far longer than the resistance of loop other parts in described loop, so electric current can produce a large amount of joule heatings on blank 7 to be formed, make its at short notice (several seconds to tens seconds) be heated to the thermoforming temperature.
The described current parameters of step 3 is selected according to the cross-sectional dimension and the resistance data of blank 7 to be formed, by temperature by infrared thermometer 8 monitorings blank 7 to be formed, and the outward current parameter of adjustment power supply 1, the purpose that finally reaches is to allow the rate of heating of blank 7 to be formed reach between 5～20 ℃/s, reaches forming temperature fast and efficiently to guarantee blank 7 to be formed.
Conventional current assist formation technology generally is applied to wire drawing shaping aspect, because the diameter of silk material is generally less, technology is simple, so the power of power supply is generally less, and implementation method is also fairly simple.Being applied to sheet material forming still belongs to internal blank.The part plate size of this project is bigger, and the requirement of equipment and processing method is increased greatly, reports lessly both at home and abroad, and scheme implementation has certain difficulty.This project is by adopting power supply, can realize the rapid heating of aluminum matrix composite, provide a concrete experimental result, in this experiment, the rectangle thin-walled parts length that provides is 100mm, and part section is long-pending to be 96mm * 1.5mm, the current parameters of power supply 1 output is: voltage is 1.14V, electric current is 2500A, experimental result as shown in Figure 4, described thin-walled parts reaches 450 degree from room temperature only need be less than 100 seconds.The inventive method can high-level efficiency, high-quality shaped particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites thin-walled parts.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is, fixes resistant to elevated temperatures sheet mica, pottery or paronite between top electrode clamping plate 5 and lower electrode clamping plate 6 and the mould and realizes insulation, and other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that the current parameters of described power supply 1 output of step 3 is: voltage is that 6 V～8V, electric current are 5000 A～10000A, and other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that the current parameters of described power supply 1 output of step 3 is: voltage is that 7V～8V, electric current are 8000 A～10000A, and other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that the temperature of the described blank 7 to be formed of step 4 reaches 380 ℃～420 ℃, and other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that the temperature of the described blank 7 to be formed of step 4 reaches 390 ℃～400 ℃, and other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment seven: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that the temperature of the described blank 7 to be formed of step 4 reaches 400 ℃, and other is identical with embodiment one.
Claims (7)
1. electric current is characterized in that from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method building mortion that this method is used comprises power supply (1), mould, top electrode clamping plate (5), lower electrode clamping plate (6) and infrared thermometer (8),
Mould comprises patrix (2) and counterdie (3), mould is provided with blank holder (4), the top electrode clamping plate (5) and the lower electrode clamping plate (6) of correspondence about in a pair of position of blank holder (4) arranged outside, two folded electrodes of top electrode clamping plate (5) and lower electrode clamping plate (6) are connected on the two ends of power supply (1), keep insulation between top electrode clamping plate (5) and lower electrode clamping plate (6) and the mould
Electric current may further comprise the steps from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method:
Step 1, described building mortion is positioned on the pressing machine, and the outward flange of blank to be formed (7) is placed between top electrode clamping plate (5) and the lower electrode clamping plate (6);
Step 2, pressing machine pressurize to top electrode clamping plate (5) by hydraulic efficiency system, make top electrode clamping plate (5) and lower electrode clamping plate (6) clamp the outward flange of blank to be formed (7), and connection power supply (1), folded two electrodes of top electrode clamping plate (5) and lower electrode clamping plate (6), power supply (1) and blank to be formed (7) form power circuit, give blank to be formed (7) heating;
Step 3, measure the temperature of blank to be formed (7) in real time by infrared thermometer (8), and adjust the outward current parameter of power supply (1) in real time according to the temperature that measures, so that the rate of heating of blank to be formed (7) reaches 5～20 ℃/s, the current parameters of power supply (1) output is: voltage is that 4V～10V, electric current are 1000A～20000A;
Step 4, when the temperature of blank to be formed (7) reaches 350 ℃～450 ℃, pressing machine removes the pressure to top electrode clamping plate (5), pressing machine is given blank holder (4) pressurization by hydraulic efficiency system, makes blank holder (4) that the edge of blank to be formed (7) is pressed on the counterdie;
Step 5, exert pressure by pressing machine, make patrix (2) pressurized descending, the pressure head of patrix (2) is pressed into blank to be formed (7) in the die cavity of counterdie (3), make blank to be formed (7) that viscous deformation take place, through crooked, stretching, subsides moding shape stage the blank to be formed (7) and the internal surface of counterdie (3) are fitted, finish the plastic forming process of blank to be formed (7).
2. electric current according to claim 1 is characterized in that from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method, fixes resistant to elevated temperatures sheet mica, pottery or paronite between top electrode clamping plate (5) and lower electrode clamping plate (6) and the mould and realize insulation.
3. electric current according to claim 1 is characterized in that from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method the current parameters of the described power supply of step 3 (1) output is: voltage is that 6V～8V, electric current are 5000A～10000A.
4. electric current according to claim 1 is characterized in that from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method the current parameters of the described power supply of step 3 (1) output is: voltage is that 7V～8V, electric current are 8000A～10000A.
5. electric current according to claim 1 is characterized in that from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method the temperature of the described blank to be formed of step 4 (7) reaches 380 ℃～420 ℃.
6. electric current according to claim 1 is characterized in that from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method the temperature of the described blank to be formed of step 4 (7) reaches 390 ℃～400 ℃.
7. electric current according to claim 1 is characterized in that from resistance heating forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part method the temperature of the described blank to be formed of step 4 (7) reaches 400 ℃.
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| CN2010102052002A CN101845606B (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2010-06-22 | Method fur forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part by current self-resistance heating |
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| CN2010102052002A CN101845606B (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2010-06-22 | Method fur forming aluminum base composite material thin wall part by current self-resistance heating |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104475587A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 华中科技大学 | Conduction heating forming device and method |
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| CN107913930A (en) * | 2017-11-04 | 2018-04-17 | 北华航天工业学院 | It is a kind of to heat press-processing method from resistance for difficult deformable metal plate |
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| CN109550852B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-05-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Pneumatic flexible electrode heating and clamping device for aluminum alloy component and in-mold quenching forming method |
| CN111545649B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-08-06 | 燕山大学 | Metal plastic forming method based on self-resistance heating |
| CN112114601B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-04-13 | 南京弘图华智科技有限公司 | Self-resistance heating forming intelligent temperature detection control system and control method thereof |
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| US7306451B2 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-12-11 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Forming tool apparatus with pivoting wall segment |
| CN101417299A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2009-04-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electric impulse auxiliary superplastic forming device and method |
| CN101670385B (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-01-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Pulse current assisted extrusion forming device and extrusion forming method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104475587A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 华中科技大学 | Conduction heating forming device and method |
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