CN101844070A - Porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of sheath-core composite structure and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of sheath-core composite structure and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101844070A CN101844070A CN 201010169520 CN201010169520A CN101844070A CN 101844070 A CN101844070 A CN 101844070A CN 201010169520 CN201010169520 CN 201010169520 CN 201010169520 A CN201010169520 A CN 201010169520A CN 101844070 A CN101844070 A CN 101844070A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of a sheath-core composite structure and preparation thereof. The structure of the porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material is as follows: a surface layer is made of macro-porous carbon fiber, and a core layer is made of non-porous carbon fiber; wherein the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the surface layer is controlled to be 10-40 percent, and the cross-section thereof is uniformly provided holes. The preparation comprises the following steps: (1) impregnating carbon fiber in aqueous solution of sodium salt for 2-4 hours, and then placing the carbon fiber in an activation furnace; (2) heating to 800-1100 DEG C under the protection of an inert gas, adding steam, and carrying out constant-temperature activation for 0.5-2 hour(s); and (3) reducing the temperature to be below 200 DEG C, and cutting off the inert gas and the steam, thereby preparing the porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material. The strength of the adsorbing material provided by the invention is up to 0.3-0.6Gpa, and the surface layer thereof is of a porous structure, thereby not only prolonging the service life of the material, but also facilitating the loading of large-sized molecules such as biological cells and the like; and the preparation method can be controlled easily, the activation process is simple, and the invention is suitable for large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to activated carbon fiber adsorbing material and preparation field thereof, particularly a kind of porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material and preparation thereof with core-sheath composite structure.
Background technology
NACF (ACF) also claims fibrous activated carbon, is high-efficiency activated sorbing material and environment-friendly engineering material that performance is better than active carbon, and its carbon atom above 50% is positioned at surfaces externally and internally, is built into unique adsorption structure, is called as the superficiality solid.It is by fibrous presoma, forms through the certain procedure carbonization-activation.Flourishing specific area and narrower pore-size distribution make it have adsorption/desorption speed and bigger adsorption capacity faster, and because it can be processed as different shapes such as felt, cloth, paper easily, and have the acid and alkali-resistance corrosion resistance characteristic, make one come out just to obtain that people pay close attention to widely and deep research.Be used widely in fields such as environmental protection, catalysis, medicine, military projects at present.
Present fibrous NACF intensity is no more than 0.2GPa substantially, and it is lower to have the ACF intensity index of macropore, does not reach 0.1GPa substantially.Different aperture, ACF surface can give activated carbon fiber different absorption properties.Haveing breakthrough aspect the preparation of macropore at present, basically be in raw material, to add the reaming catalyst to reach the purpose that obtains macropore, but the generation of macropore causes the loss of intensity easily among the existing preparation technology, and low excessively intensity has also had a strong impact on the scope of application and the service life of ACF.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material and preparation thereof with core-sheath composite structure, this sorbing material controllable intensity is built in 0.3-0.6Gpa, the top layer is loose structure, when prolonging material service life, also helps the load biological cell; And the preparation method is easy to control, and activating process is simple, is fit to large-scale production.
A kind of porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of the present invention with core-sheath composite structure, its structure is formed and comprised: the top layer is the carbon fiber with macropore, sandwich layer is the carbon fiber of atresia, and the shared sectional area ratio of its mesexine is controlled at 10%-40%, and cross-sectional distribution has hole.
Described carbon fiber is viscose-based carbon fiber, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre or asphalt base carbon fiber, and preferred carbon fiber is a viscose-based carbon fiber, and carbon fiber strength is 0.4GPa～0.8Gpa;
Described porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material, the aperture of its top layer macropore is 50～600nm, specific area reaches 1000～2000m
2/ g.
A kind of preparation method with porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of core-sheath composite structure of the present invention comprises:
(1) with above-mentioned impregnated carbon fiber in the aqueous solution of sodium salt 2～4 hours, wherein the concentration of sodium salt was 0.1mol/L～saturated concentration;
(2) above-mentioned carbon fiber is put into activation furnace, be heated to 800～1100 ℃ under the inert gas shielding condition, heating rate is 5～20 ℃/min, feeds steam constant temperature activation processing 0.5～2 hour;
(3) cool to 200 ℃ after, close inert gas and water vapour, make porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material.
Sodium salt in the described step (1) is selected from one or more the mixture in sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, the sodium sulphate, and concentration is 0.1mol/L～2.0mol/L.
The present invention directly adopts carbon fiber as raw material on the basis of original preparation macropore activated carbon fiber, and by the concentration of regulation and control salt and size and the position that activation condition comes control hole, preparation has the activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of unique texture; The top layer is the activated carbon fiber of porous, and hole is given the material absorption property, and sandwich layer is the carbon fiber strength skeleton, and this structure has guaranteed that this material has absorption property and higher intensity preferably simultaneously.
Beneficial effect
(1) sorbing material controllable intensity of the present invention is built in 0.3-0.6Gpa, and the top layer is loose structure, when prolonging material service life, also helps the load biological cell;
(2) this preparation methods is easy to control, and activating process is simple, is fit to large-scale production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sorbing material electromicroscopic photograph that different holes distribute;
Wherein, (a) for surface hole defect distributes, (b) distribute for the cross section hole;
Fig. 2 is " core-skin " structural model schematic diagram of sorbing material of the present invention;
Wherein, the top layer is the activated carbon fiber of porous, and sandwich layer is a carbon fiber;
Fig. 3 is the material section photo of embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the material section photo of embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the material section photo of embodiment 3;
Fig. 6 is the material section photo of embodiment 4.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
With intensity is the Na that the viscose-based carbon fiber of 0.7GPa places 0.1M
3PO
4Left standstill in the solution 3 hours, and put into activation furnace again, feed water vapour and N
2, be warmed up to 1000 ℃ with the speed of 20 ℃/min, fed steam constant temperature activation processing 0.5 hour, cool to 200 ℃ after, close inert gas and water vapour, make porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material.
Fig. 3 is the electromicroscopic photograph of present embodiment sorbing material, and the aperture is 50nm＜aperture＜300nm on the top layer, and intensity reaches 0.4GPa, and specific area is 1030m
2/ g.
Embodiment 2
With intensity is the NaH that the viscose-based carbon fiber of 0.7GPa places 0.2M
2PO
4Left standstill in the solution 2 hours, and put into activation furnace again, feed water vapour and N
2, be warmed up to 1000 ℃ with the speed of 10 ℃/min, fed steam constant temperature activation processing 1 hour, cool to 200 ℃ after, close inert gas and water vapour, make porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material.
Fig. 4 is the electromicroscopic photograph of present embodiment sorbing material, and the aperture is 100nm＜aperture＜500nm on the top layer, and intensity reaches 0.3GPa, and specific area is 1100m
2/ g.
Embodiment 3
With intensity is the Na that the viscose-based carbon fiber of 0.7GPa places 0.1M
2HPO
4Left standstill in the solution 4 hours, and put into activation furnace again, feed water vapour and N
2, be warmed up to 1000 ℃ with the speed of 10 ℃/min, fed steam constant temperature activation processing 0.5 hour, cool to 200 ℃ after, close inert gas and water vapour, make porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material.
Fig. 5 is the electromicroscopic photograph of present embodiment sorbing material, and the aperture is 50nm＜aperture＜300nm on the top layer, and intensity reaches 0.4GPa, and specific area is 1280m
2/ g.
Embodiment 4
With intensity is the NaH that the viscose-based carbon fiber of 0.7GPa places 0.1M
2PO
4And Na
2HPO
4Mixed solution in left standstill 2 hours, put into activation furnace again, feed water vapour and N
2, be warmed up to 1100 ℃ with the speed of 5 ℃/min, fed steam constant temperature activation processing 0.5 hour, cool to 200 ℃ after, close inert gas and water vapour, make porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material.
Fig. 6 is the electromicroscopic photograph of present embodiment sorbing material, and the aperture is 50nm＜aperture＜200nm on the top layer, and intensity reaches 0.3GPa, and specific area is 1520m
2/ g.
Claims (5)
1. porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material with core-sheath composite structure, its structure is formed and comprised: the top layer is the carbon fiber with macropore, and sandwich layer is the carbon fiber of atresia, and the shared sectional area ratio of its mesexine is controlled at 10%-40%, and cross-sectional distribution has hole.
2. a kind of porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material according to claim 1 with core-sheath composite structure, it is characterized in that: described carbon fiber is viscose-based carbon fiber, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre or asphalt base carbon fiber, and carbon fiber strength is 0.4GPa～0.8Gpa.
3. a kind of porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material with core-sheath composite structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material, and the aperture of its top layer macropore is 50～600nm, specific area reaches 1000～2000m
2/ g.
4. preparation method with porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of core-sheath composite structure comprises:
(1) with above-mentioned impregnated carbon fiber in the aqueous solution of sodium salt 2～4 hours, wherein the concentration of sodium salt was 0.1mol/L～saturated concentration;
(2) above-mentioned carbon fiber is put into activation furnace, be heated to 800～1100 ℃ under the inert gas shielding condition, heating rate is 5～20 ℃/min, feeds steam constant temperature activation processing 0.5～2 hour;
(3) cool to 200 ℃ after, close inert gas and water vapour, make porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material.
5. a kind of preparation method according to claim 4 with porous activated carbon fiber adsorbing material of core-sheath composite structure, it is characterized in that: the sodium salt in the described step (1) is selected from one or more the mixture in sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, the sodium sulphate, and concentration is 0.1mol/L～2.0mol/L.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103320904A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Steam activation preparation method and preparation device of microporous activated carbon fibers |
| CN106132368A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-11-16 | 3M创新有限公司 | Fiber and bag article comprising fibers |
| CN106702538A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-24 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of high-performance activated carbon fibers |
| CN110013832A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-07-16 | 贵州万峰湖智慧水产科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation water process carbon fiber modifying material and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5696813B2 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-04-08 | 東レ株式会社 | Porous carbon material, porous carbon material precursor, method for producing porous carbon material precursor, and method for producing porous carbon material |
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| JPH0238374A (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-02-07 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Bulk active carbon fiber aggregate and production thereof |
| CN1762575A (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2006-04-26 | 东华大学 | Method for preparation of active carbon fibrous absorption material |
| CN101337176A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of macropore activated carbon fiber with intensity more than 0.3GPa |
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2010
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Patent Citations (3)
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| JPH0238374A (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-02-07 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Bulk active carbon fiber aggregate and production thereof |
| CN1762575A (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2006-04-26 | 东华大学 | Method for preparation of active carbon fibrous absorption material |
| CN101337176A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of macropore activated carbon fiber with intensity more than 0.3GPa |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103320904A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Steam activation preparation method and preparation device of microporous activated carbon fibers |
| CN103320904B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-03-18 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Steam activation preparation method and preparation device of microporous activated carbon fibers |
| CN106132368A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-11-16 | 3M创新有限公司 | Fiber and bag article comprising fibers |
| US10704172B2 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2020-07-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fibers and articles including them |
| CN106702538A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-24 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of high-performance activated carbon fibers |
| CN110013832A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-07-16 | 贵州万峰湖智慧水产科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation water process carbon fiber modifying material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110013832B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2022-03-04 | 广州誉隆智慧科技有限公司 | Carbon fiber modified material for aquaculture water treatment and preparation method thereof |
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