CN101843165B - For the method and apparatus that the transmission feature in cordless communication network is identified - Google Patents

Abstract

Wireless network uses the frame structure improved strengthen timing acquisition ability and reduce spectral line.In one aspect, it is possible to use frame packet transmits different operator schemes, and this packet generates in this mode of operation.

Description

For the method and apparatus that the transmission feature in cordless communication network is identified

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

The application claims the benefit of on October 31st, 2007 submits to, entitled " Frame according to 35U.S.C.119 (e) Format for UWB System Employing Common Mode Signaling and Beamforming " the U.S. The priority of provisional application No.60/984,296.

Technical field

The disclosure relates generally to wireless communication system, passes more particularly, to the wireless data in wireless communication system Defeated.

Background technology

At an aspect of correlation technique, there is support single carrier or the physics of OFDM (OFDM) modulating mode (PHY) equipment of layer can be used for millimetre-wave attenuator, such as, is following Institute of Electrical and Electric Engineers (IEEE) at it 802.15.3c in standard in the network of the details of defined.In this example, PHY layer can be configurable for frequency spectrum is 57 Gigahertz (GHz) is to the millimetre-wave attenuator of 66GHz, and specifically, according to region, PHY layer can be configurable for the U.S. Scope communication from 57GHz to 64GHz, and the communication of 59GHz to the 66GHz of Japan.

In order to allow to support the interoperability between OFDM or the equipment of single carrier mode or network, both patterns are also propped up Hold sharing model.Specifically, the single carrier basic rate pattern that sharing model is OFDM and single carrier transceiver all uses, it has Help the compossibility between distinct device and heterogeneous networks and interoperability.Sharing model can be used to beacon, transmission Control and command information, and can serve as the basic rate of packet.

802.15.3c the single carrier transceiver in network generally uses at least one code generator, in order to send Some or all territories of Frame provides the expanded form (referred to as Gray code) first proposed by Marcel J.E.Golay, and And the gray code signal received is carried out matched filtering.Complementary Gray code is the finite sequence that many group length is equal, and it makes one What the pairing quantity of the same symbol with any given spacing in individual sequence was equal in other sequence has uniform distances The pairing quantity of different code elements.The S.Z.Budisin being incorporated herein by reference, " Efficient Pulse Compressor for Golay Complementary Sequences,”Electronic Letters,27,no.3,pp.219–220, January31,1991 shows the transmitter for generating Golay complementary code and Gray's matched filtering device.

For low-power equipment, sharing model uses the advantage of Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) signal with constant envelope It is that power amplifier can operate under peak power output, without affecting the frequency spectrum of filtered signal.Gauss is minimum Frequency shift keying (GMSK) is a kind of Continuous Phase Modulation form, and it is by selecting the bandwidth time being suitable for take advantage of in Gaussian filter Amass (BT) parameter and there is compact spectrum occupancy.Constant envelope makes GMSK hold concurrently mutually with the operation of nonlinear power amplifier Hold, without there being the incident spectral re-growth (spectral regrowth) being associated with non-constant envelope signals.

Various technology can be implemented to produce GMSK pulse shape.Such as, as being incorporated in herein by quoting I.Lakkis,J.Su,&S.Kato,“A Simple Coherent GMSK Demodulator”,IEEE Personal, Shown in Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC) 2001, it is possible to implement have linear Pi/2-the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation (or pi/2-difference BPSK) of GMSK pulse is for sharing model.

Summary of the invention

Aspect disclosed herein is for using millimeter wave Wireless Personal Area as defined in IEEE802.15.3c agreement The system of network (WPAN) can be favourable.But, the disclosure is not only limited to this system, because other application can also Benefit from similar advantage.

According to an aspect of this disclosure, it is provided that a kind of communication means.More specifically, include: generate packet, and should Packet has the header including this packet relative to the positional information of beacon.Hereafter, send this packet, wherein, send out in superframe Give this packet and this beacon.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of communicator includes: for generating the assembly of packet, this packet has Including this packet relative to the header of the positional information of beacon；And for sending the assembly of this packet, wherein, send out in superframe Give this packet and this beacon.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of device for communication includes processing system, and it is configured that generation point Group, this packet has the header including this packet relative to the positional information of beacon；And send this packet, wherein, at superframe This packet of interior transmission and this beacon.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of computer program for radio communication includes that coding has instruction Machine readable media, this instruction can perform following operation: generates packet, and this packet has and includes that this packet is relative to beacon The header of positional information；And send this packet, wherein, in superframe, send this packet and this beacon.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, it is provided that a kind of communication means.More specifically, include: receive packet, and This packet has the header including this packet relative to the positional information of beacon, wherein, sends this packet and this letter in superframe Mark.Hereafter, the position in this positional information is used to determine this superframe.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of communicator includes: for receiving the assembly of packet, this packet has Including this packet relative to the header of the positional information of beacon, wherein, in superframe, send this packet and this beacon；And be used for Use this positional information to determine the assembly of the position in this superframe.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of device for communication includes processing system, and it is configured to: receive Packet, this packet has a header including this packet relative to the positional information of beacon, wherein, send in superframe this packet and This beacon；And use this positional information to the position determining in this superframe.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of computer program for radio communication includes that coding has instruction Machine readable media, this instruction can perform following operation: receives packet, and this packet has and includes that this packet is relative to beacon The header of positional information, wherein, in superframe, send this packet and this beacon；And use this positional information to determine that this surpasses Position in frame.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, it is provided that a kind of method for wireless communications.More specifically, include: raw Become packet, and this packet includes that, by the separate Part I of delimiter and Part II, wherein, it is right that this delimiter is also used to The feature of this Part II is identified.Hereafter, this packet is sent.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of communicator includes: for generating the assembly of packet, this packet includes By the separate Part I of delimiter and Part II, wherein, this delimiter is also used to the feature to this Part II and carries out Mark；And for sending the assembly of this packet.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of communicator includes processing system, and it is configured to: generate packet, This packet includes that, by the separate Part I of delimiter and Part II, wherein, this delimiter is also used to this Part II Feature be identified；And send this packet.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of computer program for communication includes the machine encoding instruction Device computer-readable recording medium, this instruction can perform following operation: generates packet, this packet include by the separate Part I of delimiter and Part II, wherein, this delimiter is also used to be identified the feature of this Part II；And send this packet.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, it is provided that a kind of communication means.More specifically, include: effective by be grouped Load is divided into multiple data block, and wherein, each data block includes Gray code and data division, and each data division is at two Gray codes Between, and information is inserted between the some data blocks in the plurality of data block, described information is for time, channel and frequency At least one operation in estimation.Hereafter, this packet is sent.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of device for communication, including: for the payload of packet is divided Becoming the assembly of multiple data block, wherein, each data block includes Gray code and data division, and each data division is at two lattice Between thunder code；For information being inserted the assembly between the some data blocks in the plurality of data block, described information for the time, At least one operation in channel and Frequency Estimation；And for sending the assembly of this packet.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of device for wireless communications includes processing system, and it is configured to: The payload of packet is divided into multiple data block, and wherein, each data block includes Gray code and data division, and each data Part is between two Gray codes；Information is inserted between the some data blocks in the plurality of data block, when described information is used for Between, at least one operation in channel and Frequency Estimation；And send this packet.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of computer program for communication includes the machine encoding instruction Device computer-readable recording medium, this instruction can perform following operation: the payload of packet is divided into multiple data block, wherein, every number Include Gray code and data division according to block, and each data division is between two Gray codes；Information is inserted the plurality of data Between some data blocks of block, at least one operation in time, channel and Frequency Estimation of described information；And send this Packet.

Although there is described herein particular aspects, a lot of changes and substitutions in terms of these both fall within the scope of the present disclosure In.Although some benefits of preferred aspect mentioned above and advantage, the scope of the present disclosure is not only limited to specific benefit, use Way or purpose.On the contrary, each side of the disclosure be intended to be widely applicable for different wireless technology, system configuration, network with And host-host protocol, by accompanying drawing and described further below in example some of which is illustrated.Describe in detail and attached Figure is the most of this disclosure illustrates rather than restriction, and the scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by claims and equivalent thereof Justice.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The each side according to the disclosure is understood with reference to the following drawings.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the wireless network according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the superframe timing of the wireless network for Fig. 1 according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the superframe structure of the wireless network for Fig. 1 according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration；

Fig. 4 is the signal of the frame/packet configuration of the superframe structure for Fig. 3 according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration Figure；

Fig. 5 is according to an aspect of this disclosure, supports the frame to the improvement that multiple header rate are identified/packet knot The schematic diagram of structure；

Fig. 6 is according to an aspect of this disclosure, the schematic diagram of multiple start frame delimiters that can use；

Fig. 7 is according to an aspect of this disclosure, the frame/packet knot supporting regularly to detect superframe the improvement being identified The schematic diagram of structure；

Fig. 8 is according to an aspect of this disclosure, the flow chart that shows process for determining superframe timing information；

Fig. 9 is according to an aspect of this disclosure, the signal of the frame/packet configuration of the improvement of the carrier estimation supporting improvement Figure；

Figure 10 is according to an aspect of this disclosure, the signal of multiple data blocks that can be used by the spectral line reduced Figure；

Figure 11 is the circuit diagram of the scrambler according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration；

Figure 12 is according to an aspect of this disclosure, the showing of frame/packet configuration of the improvement being configured to longer data block It is intended to；

Figure 13 is the circuit diagram of the Gray's circuit according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration；

Figure 14 is the block diagram of the start frame delimiter generator unit according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration；

Figure 15 is the block diagram of the timestamp generator unit according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration；And

Figure 16 is the block diagram of the channel estimation sequence generator unit according to an aspect of this disclosure configuration.

Traditionally, for the sake of clarity, the various features shown in accompanying drawing can be simplified.Therefore, accompanying drawing may be not Describe setter (such as, equipment) or all constituents of method.It addition, in entire disclosure and accompanying drawing, similar Reference number can be used to represent similar feature.

Detailed description of the invention

Various aspects of the disclosure is described below.It is readily apparent that can embody herein with diversified form In teaching, and any concrete structure disclosed herein, function or both are the most representational.According to religion herein Leading, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, aspect disclosed herein can realize independent of any other side, and permissible Combine two or more in these aspects in various manners.It is, for example possible to use any number of aspect set forth herein is come Realize device or execution method.Additionally, in addition to one or more aspects set forth herein, it is possible to use other structure, merit Energy or 26S Proteasome Structure and Function realize this kind of device or perform the method.

In the following description, a large amount of detail is elaborated for purpose of explanation, in order to provide the disclosure Thorough understanding.It is to be understood, however, that particular aspects shown and described herein is not configured to be limited to the disclosure Any particular form, on the contrary, the disclosure to contain the institute in the protection domain falling into the disclosure as defined by the following claims There are amendment, equivalent and selection.

Several aspects of wireless network 100 are shown now with reference to Fig. 1, this wireless network 100 be with The network that the compatible mode of IEEE802.15.3c personal area network (PAN) standard is formed, and it is referred to herein as Piconet (piconet).Network 100 is wireless Ad Hoc (ad hoc) data communication system, and it allows the most multiple data to set The multiple independent data equipment of standby (DEV) 120 is in communication with each other.There is the network of the function being similar to network 100 also referred to as Basic Service Set (BSS), or, if communicated between a pair equipment, the most referred to as independent basic service set (IBSS).

Each DEV in multiple DEV120 is to realize interface to the MAC of the wireless medium of network 100 and PHY interface Equipment.The equipment of the function with the equipment being similar in multiple DEV120 can be referred to as access terminal, user terminal, movement Stand, subscriber station, stand, wireless device, terminal, node or some other term of being suitable for.Various described in the whole disclosure Concept is intended to be applicable to all applicable radio nodes regardless of whether what their specific name is.

The role of the coordinator of piconet will be undertaken according to IEEE802.15.3c, a DEV.This coordination DEV is referred to as micro- Piconet coordinator (PicoNet Coordinator, PNC), and it is illustrated as PNC110 in FIG.Therefore, PNC includes with many The functions of the equipments that individual miscellaneous equipment is identical, but also provide coordination function for network.Such as, PNC110 provides and such as uses beacon Service for the basic timing of network 100；And to any service quality (QoS) requirement, battery saving mode and network insertion The management controlled.The equipment with the function described by PNC100 in other systems with similar functions can be referred to as accessing Point, base station, base transceiver station, stand, terminal, node, access terminal as access point, or some other arts being suitable for Language.PNC110 uses and is referred to as the communication that the structure of superframe is come in coordination network 100 between each equipment.Based on the time by beacon Each superframe is demarcated by the cycle.

PNC110 can also be connected to system controller 130 to communicate with other network or other PNC.

Fig. 2 shows the superframe 200 of the piconet timing in network 100.Generally, superframe be comprise beacon period, Channel time allocation period and comprise the basic time separation structure of contention access period alternatively.The length of superframe is also referred to as Beacon interval (BI).Beacon period (BP) 210 is provided, as being described further herein, such as in superframe 200 The PNC of PNC110 sends beacon frame during this beacon period 210.

Contention access period (CAP) 220 is used between the DEV in PNC110 in the network 100 and multiple DEV120 Transmit and between any DEV in order and data, or multiple DEV120 in the network 100, transmit order and data. The access method of CAP200 can aloha agreement based on time-division slot or have the Carrier Sense Multiple Access of conflict avoidance (CSMA/CA) agreement.CAP220 can not be included in each superframe by PNC110.

Channel time allocation period (CTAP) 220 based on time division multiple acess (TDMA) agreement is provided by PNC110, thus is Multiple DEV120 distribution time is to use the channel in network 100.Specifically, CTAP is divided into and is distributed to equipment by PNC110 One or more time cycles of pairing, this time cycle is referred to as channel time allocation (CTA)；Each CTA distributes to a pair Equipment.Therefore, the access mechanism of CTA is based on TDMA.

Fig. 3 shows, from the angle of data, the superframe structure 300 that network 100 is used.Superframe structure 300 is with beacon period 302 start, and in beacon period 302, the piconet controller of such as PNC110 broadcasts various control parameters, including beacon frame number 310 and super-frame durations 312.This information is sent via one or more beacon packet (not shown).Volume of data divides After the transmission of group 360 is connected on beacon period 302.Can send by the distinct device by PNC110 or as the member of piconet These packets.Each beacon period of such as beacon period 302 or any packet of such as packet 360 are general It is followed by guard time (GT) 330.

Fig. 4 is the example of the frame structure 400 that can be used for single carrier, OFDM or sharing model frame.As used herein, Term " frame " can also be referred to as " packet ", and will be understood that the two term is synonym.

Frame structure 400 includes leading 402, header 440 and packet payload 480.Sharing model is for all three territory (i.e. to leading 402, header 440 and packet payload 480) all uses Gray code.Sharing model signal uses has chip-level Gray's extended code of pi/2-BPSK modulation is so that growth data wherein.Header 440(header 440 is to meet physical layer to assemble association View (PLCP) header) and packet payload 480(packet payload 480 be physical layer service data (PSDU)) Including with the Gray code of a length of 64 symbol to extending.Each frame adaptive can be carried out according to the various aspects of frame structure 400 Parameter, these frame parameters include but not limited to quantity and the Gray code length that Gray code repeats by way of example.A side Face, can select the Gray code of leading middle use from the Gray code of a length of 128 or a length of 256.For Data expansion Gray code can include the Gray code of a length of 64 or a length of 128.

Referring back to Fig. 4, leading 402 include packet synchronization sequence territory 410, start frame delimiter (SFD) territory 420 and Channel estimation sequence territory 430.Leading 402 can be shortened when using higher data rate.Such as, for sharing model, lack The preamble length saved can be set to 36 Gray codes, and it is associated with the data rate of about 50Mbps.For 1.5Gbps number According to the data rate about speed, leading 402 can be shortened into 16 Gray codes, and for the data rate of about 3Gbps, Leading 402 can be shortened to 8 Gray codes further.Based on the implicitly or explicitly request from equipment, leading 402 can also turn Become shorter leading.

As shown in code 412-1 to the 412-n in Fig. 4, packet synchronization sequence territory 410 is by the complementary Gray of a length of 128 Code (aⁱ ₁₂₈,bⁱ ₁₂₈The repetition of extended multiple yards of in),.As shown in the code 422 in Fig. 4, SFD territory 420 includes all As { the specific code of-1}, this specific code is by the complementary Gray code (a of a length of 128ⁱ ₁₂₈,bⁱ ₁₂₈One in) is expanded Exhibition.As shown in code 432 and 436, can be with the complementary Gray code (a of a pair a length of 256ⁱ ₂₅₆,bⁱ ₂₅₆) extend CES territory 430, and, as shown in 434-1 and 438-1, CES territory 430 can also include at least one Cyclic Prefix, such as aⁱ _CPOr bⁱ _CP, This Cyclic Prefix is the Gray code of a length of 128, and wherein CP is Cyclic Prefix or suffix.Respectively as shown in 434-2 and 438-2, The cyclic suffix of each in code 432 and 436, such as aⁱ _CPOr bⁱ _CP, it is the Gray code of a length of 128 respectively.

In one aspect, header 440 uses reed-solomon (RS) coding of approximation half rate, and is grouped payload The 480 RS codings using 0.937 speed, RS (255,239).Header 440 and packet payload 480 can be binary systems or multiple Numerical value, and use the complementary Gray code a of a length of 64ⁱ ₆₄And/or bⁱ ₆₄It is extended.Preferably, sending header 440 should More robust way is used, so that the packet error rate caused due to header error rate is than sending packet payload 480 Little.Such as, the coding gain provided to header 440 can be than high 4dB to the 6dB of data division in packet payload 480.Can Adaptive header rate is carried out with the change in response to data rate.Such as, for the scope of the data rate of up to 1.5Gbps, report Head speed can be 400Mbps.For the data rate of 3Gbps, header rate can be 800Mbps, and for up to The scope of the data rate of 6Gbps, header rate can be set at 1.5Gbps.Header rate can be kept data rate The constant ratio of scope.So, when data rate changes to another scope from a scope, header rate can be conditioned with Maintain the header rate constant ratio to data rate ranges.The change of header rate sent in network 100 is multiple Each equipment in DEV120 is critically important.But, by all of pattern (that is, single carrier, ODFM and sharing model) in Fig. 4 The current frame structure 400 used does not possesses such ability.

Fig. 5 shows the frame structure 500 of the improvement according to an aspect of this disclosure, its support multiple header rate and Multiple PHY patterns are identified.In this regard, may have up to four kinds different header rate, each header rate is corresponding In specific data rate or the scope of data rate.Interchangeable aspect can provide different number of header rate and data Speed.Frame structure 500 includes leading 502, header 540 and packet payload 580.To be similar to configuration header 440 and packet The mode of payload 480 comes configuration header 540 and packet payload 580 part.Leading 502 include packet synchronization sequence territory 510, start frame delimiter (SFD) code character 520 and channel estimation sequence territory 530.

At the aspect shown in Fig. 5, SFD code character 520 includes three codes SFD1522, SFD2524 and SFD3526.Ginseng further According to Fig. 6, in one aspect, default header rate can be set to SFD code character 620a corresponding to being represented by [-1+1+1], The wherein sign symbol of the sign symbol Gray code corresponding to sending.For the first header rate (such as, 400Mbps), SFD code Group 520 is SFD code character 620a represented by [-1+1-1].For the header rate of 800Mbps, SFD code character 520 is by [-1-1+ 1] SFD code character 620c represented, and, for 1.5Gbps header rate, SFD code character 520 is the SFD represented by [-1-1-1] Code character 620d.In yet another aspect, it is possible to use complementary Gray code builds a set of different SFD code character, multiple as in Fig. 6 Shown in SFD code character 620e to 620h.In addition to providing only header rate, SFD pattern can be utilized to provide out of Memory, It is grouped with OFDM including distinguishing single carrier packet, or distinguishes beacon packet and packet.It addition, SFD can be used to table Show the packet of the specific type for beam shaping.Such as, SFD pattern 620a in Fig. 6 is assigned to beacon packet, SFD mould Formula 620b, 620c and 620d are assigned to single carrier data and are grouped with the report distinguishing 400Mbps, 800Mbps and 1.5Gpbs respectively Head speed, and SFD pattern 620e, 620f, 620g be assigned to OFDM data and be grouped to distinguish 900Mbps, 1.5Gbps respectively With the speed of 3Gbps, and, SFD pattern 620h be assigned to beamforming training packet.Multiple DEV120 perform leading inspection Any equipment surveyed will search for these SFD patterns.

At the aspect of the disclosure, by overlay code (cover code), the code a in packet synchronization sequence territory 510 can be carried out Scrambling, so that each yard of a is multiplied by {+1} or {-1}.Do so can reduce spectral line, otherwise can be due to packet synchronization sequence territory Code in 510 repeats and produces these spectral lines.It addition, as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 previously illustrated goes out and discusses, it is possible to use mutual-complementing code b SFD code character 520 is encoded.Therefore, it can use the various combinations of a and b in SFD code character 520.

As previously discussed, be positioned at each superframe beginning (that is, the time is zero) beacon period 302 during this period of time In, can by PNC110 send one or more beacon packet to set super-frame durations, the CAP end time, the time distribution, And transmit the management information for piconet.When PNC have sent more than one beacon packet, send when the time is zero The beacon packet of numbered 1, and remaining beacon packet comprises the information about the time migration counted from the beginning of superframe. Due to beacon packet for all devices in network 100 properly functioning for it is critical that, therefore use sharing model Signal send will beacon period 302 during this period of time in send any beacon packet so that beacon packet can be by institute Equipment is had to understand.It addition, only when equipment makes himself with Network Synchronization, this equipment just can be launched.Therefore, multiple All devices in DEV120 must attempt to determine whether to there is existing network by the beginning of detection beacon and location superframe.

Each equipment in wireless network 100 is searched for superframe and is started by locking onto beacon period 302 after start-up Time.Because all use identical Gray code leading to extend for beacon packet and packet, therefore by header 440 is entered Row decoding determines that each segmentation received is beacon packet or packet.But, this may for low-power equipment Become problem, especially when using long superframe (such as, 65ms length), because equipment had to set before finding beacon period Method carries out the decoding up to 20ms to each packet.It addition, header 440 can be used and beacon 302 phase by some packets Same extension and protection, therefore they will pass through CRC check.

Fig. 7 shows the frame structure 700 of improvement, and it supports time stamp and superframe timing information transmission.In one aspect, Frame structure 700 includes leading 702, header 740 and packet payload 780.With leading 402 of the frame structure 400 with Fig. 4 and point The mode that group payload 480 is identical comes configuring preamble 702 and packet payload 780 part.Frame structure 700 also includes header Timestamp 742 in 740, this timestamp 742 provides the improvement transmission of the timing information of the superframe sent.Timestamp 742 It is configurable to include information that: the most any equipment has been received and decoded time stamp 742, then this information allows this to set For determining one or more information in the following a plurality of information in list below, this list is illustrated as example and is not limited to: The positional information of frame, superframe length, the beginning of superframe, the ending of superframe, the position of beacon and the position of CAP sent in superframe Put.Generally speaking, this information list is herein referred to as superframe timing information.Therefore, set as in multiple DEV120 During standby hope location superframe timing information, this equipment can capture arbitrary frame, and solve the timestamp in this frame After Ma, this equipment will can determine superframe timing information.Therefore, timestamp 742 can help equipment to carry out the localizer beacon cycle. Preferably, timestamp 742 being orientated first territory in header field 740 as, whole header can be carried out by such equipment Decoding, but only need the part being used for determining the header 740 of superframe timing information to be decoded it.

Some are grouped in the case of not having header and are sent, and (such as, the packet of some beam shapings can not have header Sent with in the case of payload), and in this case, SFD code character 520 can be configured to identify these points subsequently Group, so that the equipment received knows that these packets do not comprise timing information.

In an aspect of this disclosure, same preamble can be used at the equipment supporting single carrier and OFDM both of which In the case of, SFD code character 520 can use the different sets of the SFD pattern distributing to single carrier and OFDM pattern, in order to receives Equipment distinguishes single carrier packet and OFDM is grouped.

In an aspect of this disclosure, if it is desired, it is possible to compression time stamp 742 reduces expense.For example, it is possible to Use the timestamp of 8 bits, this timestamp can calculate the position of beacon, but resolution reduces.

Once equipment located beacon, and it is to save electric power and just all at beacon that this equipment just can enter park mode It was waken up before phase to detect such as header rate.Therefore, when the equipment in multiple DEV120 it needs to be determined that during header rate, should Equipment can be by capturing this information to powering up to be timed or woke up up at time enough before beacon period.

Fig. 8 shows in an aspect of this disclosure, can perform to capture superframe by the equipment in multiple DEV120 The superframe timing information acquisition procedure 800 of timing information.In step 802, DEV by initialization and is ready to carry out and network 100 Radio communication.In step 804, DEV detects the leading of beacon frame or Frame by managing.Assume to detect successfully, then in step In rapid 806, the timestamp part of header or at least header will be decoded by DEV.Then, in step 808, DEV can basis The timestamp of decoding determines superframe timing information.

Once DEV has determined that superframe timing information, and the most in step 810, this DEV may be selected by using this superframe Timing information.In an aspect of this disclosure, as being previously discussed as herein, DEV may decide that entrance low-power or dormancy Pattern is until next beacon period, in order to the complete information of the superframe that capture is sending about PNC110.Such as, DEV Oneself dormancy can be made up to predetermined time period, such as be enough to the time period making current super frame terminate.As another example, DEV can enter park mode and be up to a beacon period more than, and periodically wakes up to capture superframe timing information. Although the equipment for such as DEV there may be some requirement so that it is for losing the situation of synchronization, be less than at the beacon lost Operation in the guideline of predetermined quantity, the DEV in this situation still can maintain Timing Synchronization, because it using the time Stamp.

In yet another aspect, if DEV detect timestamp and find superframe in the CAP stage, then this DEV can attempt to add Enter network 100 without waiting beacon and CAP stage.

In yet another aspect, particular channel during DEV can detect network 100 is the busiest detects letter without wait Mark.In this regard, once DEV detects timestamp, and it is it will be assumed that channel busy and to the transfer of subsequent channels.

As already discussed, because each packet need not be decoded determining whether specific cluster is letter by DEV Mark packet, so timestamp contributes to beacon and superframe timing detection.One timestamp at most need only successfully be solved by DEV Code.Therefore, to header and possible decoding data, DEV intactly need not judge whether this packet is beacon packet.

Timestamp can be utilized to improve the signal capture carried out by multiple DEV120 and network adds.For example, it is assumed that DEV120-2 distance PNC110 is enough remote, to such an extent as to the beacon that cannot be sent PNC110 carries out good detection.But, also vacation If DEV120-1 is close to PNC110, but also close to DEV120-2, and the beacon from PNC110 can be reliably detected. Because all of equipment all will include timestamp information in its transmission, and DEV120-2 can listen to from DEV120-1 Transmission, therefore DEV120-2 recognizes beacon position with will be apparent from, and can change its operation and improve it and receive beacon Chance.Such as, send in the time of beacon from PNC110 intended, because DEV120-2 more determines that detection will not be by mistake Surveying, so DEV120-2 can reduce its preamble detection threshold, this preamble detection threshold is signal to noise ratio (snr) or signal and make an uproar The function of sound/interference ratio (SNIR).

At some aspects of the disclosure, covering can be used for the leading of different piconets of operation in same frequency band Sequence, this sequence coverage provides the orthogonality in time and/or frequency.In one aspect, the first piconet controller PNC1 makes Use a1282 with the first Gray code a1281 of a length of 128, the second piconet controller PNC2, and the 3rd piconet controls Device PNC3 uses a1283.Leading is to be repeatedly formed, such as following feelings by 8 times of each Gray code being multiplied by orthogonal overlay code Shown in condition:

PNC1 sends :+a¹+a¹+a¹+a¹+a¹+a¹+a¹+a¹(overlay code [1 11 1])

PNC2 sends :+a²-a²+a²-a²+a²-a²+a²-a²(overlay code [1-1 1-1])

PNC3 sends :+a³+a³-a³-a³+a³+a³-a³-a³(overlay code ([1 1-1-1])

Therefore, although system is nonsynchronous, at any time shift, orthogonality is yet suffered from.

In this case, these yards are the binary codes that only three periodicity is orthogonal.Such as, the orthogonality table in cycle Show if the first overlay code is to repeat, such as:

1-1 1-1 1-1 1-1 1-1 ...,

And this first overlay code is matched and is filtered into the second orthogonal covering codes, then result is except the forward position at the code repeated Beyond at tailing edge, it is zero everywhere at other.

Some aspects in the disclosure, it is provided that nonbinary overlay code.Such as, the plural overlay code of a length of 4 is such as Shown in lower:

cover1=ifft([1 0 0 0])=[1 1 1 1]

cover2=ifft([0 1 0 0])=[1 j -1 -j]

cover3=ifft([0 0 1 0])=[1 -1 1 -1]

cover4=ifft([0 0 0 1])=[1 -j -1 j]

These codes can be used as follows to be multiplied by specific Gray code (such as, a(1)): [a¹.cover1(1) a¹.cover1(2)a¹.cover1(3)a¹.cover1(4)].For every 4th subcarrier, the fast Fourier of this sequence becomes Changing (FFT) is all non-zero.If a¹A length of 128 and FFT a length of 512(numberings 0:511), then cover1 produces non-zero Subcarrier 0,4,8 ....For cover2, only subcarrier 1,5,9 ... be non-zero.Cover3 produce non-zero subcarrier 2,6, 10 ..., and cover4 produce subcarrier 3,7,11 ....

During beacon period, first send the beacon (quasi-nodirectional beacon) with almost omni-directional antenna pattern.Permissible CTAP during beacon period or between both devices sends directional beacom (that is, with certain sky on certain (a bit) direction The beacon that line gain sends).

In an embodiment of the disclosure, Gray code length is applicable to different antennas from the various combination of number of repetition Gain.Such as, for the antenna gain of 0-3dB, using and have default leading sharing model to send beacon, this is default leading 32 repetitions of the Gray code including a length of 128.For the antenna gain of 3-6dB, beacon uses 16 times of identical Gray code Shortening leading repeated.For the antenna gain of 6-9dB, beacon uses the leading of the shortening of 8 repetitions of Gray code.For 9dB and above antenna gain, beacon uses the leading of the shortening of 4 repetitions of Gray code.It addition, in certain embodiments, Relative to antenna gain, header and/or the Data expansion factor can be zoomed in and out.

Fig. 9 shows the frame structure 900 according to an aspect of this disclosure.In one aspect, frame structure 900 includes leading 902, header 940 and packet payload 980.To be similar to leading 902 and packet payload 480 of the frame structure 900 of Fig. 9 Mode come configuring preamble 902 and packet payload 980 part.(it can include header 940 and include point for the data division of frame Group payload 980) it is divided into multiple pieces of 950-1 to 950-n, and each piece of 950-1 to 950-n is further divided into son Block, such as sub-block 952-1 to 952-n.The known Golay sequence of a length of L is had before each sub-block 952-1 to 952-n, all Such as known Golay sequence 954-1 to 954-n, this known Golay sequence generally should be longer than multipath delay spread.Additionally, it is known that lattice After thunder sequence 954-[n+1] is connected on last data division 956-n.In one aspect, all known lattice in certain data block Thunder sequence is all identical.If use frequency domain equalizer, the most known Golay sequence is used as Cyclic Prefix.It addition, these known lattice Thunder code sequence can be used for timing, frequency and channel tracking.It is followed by pilot channel after each data block 950-1 to 950-n to estimate Meter sequence (PCES) 960, this PCES960 has one group of complementary Gray code 964-1 and 968-1, and each of which is respectively provided with CP962-1 and 966-2.If necessary, PCES960 can be used for recapture channel, and can change the weight of PCE960 The multiple cycle is to reduce expense.Such as, the PCES cycle can be encoded in header 940.

In order to make known Golay sequence 954-1 to 954-n be used as in frequency domain equalizer (or other equalizer type) CP, needs to use the Golay sequence (aL) of identical L length.It is well known, however, that Golay sequence be repeatedly introduced spectral line.In order to reduce Spectral line, as shown in Figure 10, each data block uses different known Golay sequence.It is, for example possible to use a pair Gray code (aL, BL), wherein, aL and bL represents the Golay sequence of a pair complementation of a length of L, or is protected by the short Cyclic Prefix of himself Length shorter for K(K < L) a pair Complementary Golay sequences.Such as, for L=20, it is possible to use the Gray code of a length of 16, Wherein repeat last 4 sampling in beginning.Each data block can use aL, aL, bL or bL.Scrambling as shown in figure 11 Device 1100 can be used to select Gray code aL, aL, bL and bL.In one aspect, scrambler 1100 may be implemented as instead Feedback shift register.Scrambler 1100 can be utilized for each data block selection Gray code.

In another embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to use longer data block, and can use shown in Figure 12 Frame structure 1200.In this example, each data block use four Gray codes select in aL, aL, bL and bL one with For a part for this data block, and code changes for each part.Such as, the different block portion of data block 1202 The different Gray code of point 1250-1 to 1250-5 use is (such as, for the Gray code 1254-1-1 of block part 21250-1 to being used for The Gray code 1254-1-2 of block part 21250-2)

Known array can be used before the equalization and afterwards.Such as, known array is used before the equalization and afterwards Technology for timing, frequency and channel tracking is well known in the present art technology.But, each side of the disclosure is permissible The further use of known Golay sequence is provided.After the equalization, the noise to the known Golay sequence sent is had to estimate Meter.By carrying out relevant by the noise version of the estimation of Golay sequence to original pure version, the multipath of residual can be estimated And use the simplest short equalizer (such as, two tap equalizers) to use it for time domain equalization.

Figure 13 be according to the disclosure some in terms of the block diagram of Gray code circuit 1300, this Gray code circuit 1300 is permissible As Gray code maker or matched filtering device.Gray code circuit 1300 include a series of delay element 1302-1 to 1302-M, A series of can be adaptive Seeding vector insertion element 1330-1 to 1330-M, first group of combiner 1310-1 to 1310-M, and Second group of combiner 1320-1 to 1320-M, this second group of combiner be configured to by delay signal be multiplied by Seeding vector Signal merge.

In an aspect of this disclosure, one group of following four sequence may be used for the leading of space and frequency reuse, from And make the interference between the piconet operated in same frequency band minimum.

Hexadecimal sequence

s1	3663FAAFFA50369CC99CFAAF05AF369C
		s2	C99C055005AFC963C99CFAAF05AF369C
s3	6C39A0F55FF5933993C6A0F5A00A9339

Delay vector is represented by D1, D2 and D3, and corresponding Seeding vector is represented by W1, W2 and W3.First ray makes Use Gray code a, and second and the 3rd sequence be type be the sequence of b.Binary sequence is provided with hexadecimal format (s1, s2 and s3).These sequences are optimized to sidelobe level and the cross correlation of minimum with minimum.

Sharing model data sequence can use following one group Golay complementary code.

Postpone and Seeding vector

D1	16	32	4	8	2	1
							D2	16	32	4	8	2	1
D3	16	32	4	8	2	1
							W1	-1	1	-1	1	1	1
W2	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1
							W3	1	1	-1	1	-1	1

Hexadecimal sequence

a1	2DEE2DEE22E1DD1E
		b1	78BB78BB77B4884B
a2	E122E12211D2EE2D
		b2	B477B4774487BB78
a3	E1221EDDEE2DEE2D
		b3	B4774B88BB78BB78

A length of the 64 of Golay sequence a and b.Each symbol carries 2 bits per symbol.Such as, it is " 00 " when these 2 bits Time, send a.When these 2 bits are " 01 ", transmission-a.When these 2 bits are corresponding to " 10 ", send b；And for than Special combination " 11 ", transmission-b.

Frequency reuse use three is to complementary Gray code, and wherein, each piconet uses a pair complementary Gray code.These are complementary Gray code to be provided be selected such that its each other and and leading between there is relatively low cross correlation.As known array Like that, these codes can be used before each sub-burst (sub-burst).

In an aspect of this disclosure, the code of the most a length of 16 and a length of 8 can serve as extended code and/or is used as every Known Cyclic Prefix before individual sub-burst.

In various aspects of the disclosure, illustrate with hexadecimal and by following delay and Seeding vector generate a length of The following sequence of 128, it is provided that as Cyclic Prefix or for PCES territory.

Postpone and Seeding vector

D1	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
								D2	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
D3	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
								W1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
W2	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1
								W3	-1	-1	1	1	-1	-1	1

Hexadecimal sequence

a1	593F5630593FA9CFA6C0A9CF593FA9CF
		b1	0C6A03650C6AFC9AF395FC9A0C6AFC9A
a2	56CFA63FA930A63FA93059C0A930A63F
		b2	039AF36AFC65F36AFC650C95FC65F36A
a3	950C9A036AF39A03950C9A03950C65FC
		b3	C059CF563FA6CF56C059CF56C05930A9

In an aspect of this disclosure, the following sequence of a length of 256 and 512 can be used for pilot channel estimation sequence (PCES).These sequences each other and and leading between there is relatively low cross correlation.

The delay of the sequence for a length of 256 and Seeding vector

D1	128	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
									D2	128	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
D3	128	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
									W1	-1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
W2	-1	-1	-1	1	1	1	1	1
									W3	1	1	-1	1	-1	-1	1	1

The hexadecimal sequence of a length of 256

a1	593F5630593FA9CF593F5630A6C05630593F5630593FA9CFA6C0A9CF593FA9CF
		b1	0C6A03650C6AFC9A0C6A0365F39503650C6A03650C6AFC9AF395FC9A0C6AFC9A
a2	593F5630A6C05630A6C0A9CFA6C05630593F5630A6C05630593F5630593FA9CF
		b2	0C6A0365F3950365F395FC9AF39503650C6A0365F39503650C6A03650C6AFC9A
a3	9AFC95F3650395F39AFC95F39AFC6A0C65036A0C9AFC6A0C9AFC95F39AFC6A0C
		b3	CFA9C0A63056C0A6CFA9C0A6CFA93F5930563F59CFA93F59CFA9C0A6CFA93F59

The delay of the sequence for a length of 512 and Seeding vector

D1	256	128	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
										D2	256	128	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
D3	256	128	64	32	16	4	2	8	1
										W1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
W2	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	1
										W3	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	1

The hexadecimal sequence of a length of 512

a1	593F5630593FA9CF593F5630A6C05630593F5630593FA9CFA6C0A9CF593FA9CFA6C0A9CFA6C05630A6C0A9CF593FA9CF593F5630593FA9CFA6C0A9CF593FA9CF
		b1	0C6A03650C6AFC9A0C6A0365F39503650C6A03650C6AFC9AF395FC9A0C6AFC9AF395FC9AF3950365F395FC9A0C6AFC9A0C6A03650C6AFC9AF395FC9A0C6AFC9A
a2	9AFC6A0C9AFC95F39AFC6A0C65036A0C9AFC6A0C9AFC95F3650395F39AFC95F39AFC6A0C9AFC95F39AFC6A0C65036A0C650395F365036A0C9AFC6A0C65036A0C
		b2	CFA93F59CFA9C0A6CFA93F5930563F59CFA93F59CFA9C0A63056C0A6CFA9C0A6CFA93F59CFA9C0A6CFA93F5930563F593056C0A630563F59CFA93F5930563F59
a3	A63F56CFA63FA93059C0A930A63FA93059C0A93059C056CF59C0A930A63FA930A63F56CFA63FA93059C0A930A63FA930A63F56CFA63FA930A63F56CF59C056CF
		b3	F36A039AF36AFC650C95FC65F36AFC650C95FC650C95039A0C95FC65F36AFC65F36A039AF36AFC650C95FC65F36AFC65F36A039AF36AFC65F36A039A0C95039A

Figure 14 shows the start frame delimiter generating means 1400 that can be used for various aspects of the disclosure, and it has: use Include by the start frame delimiter maker module 1402 of the separate Part I of delimiter and the packet of Part II in generating, Wherein this delimiter is also used to be identified the feature of Part II；And for sending the start frame delimiter of this packet Transmitter module 1404.

Figure 15 shows the timestamp generating means 1500 that can be used for various aspects of the disclosure, and it has: be used for generating The timestamp generation module 1502 of packet, this packet has the header including this packet relative to the positional information of beacon；And For sending the timestamp sending module 1504 of this packet, in superframe, wherein send this packet and this beacon.

Figure 16 shows the channel estimation sequence generating means 1600 that can be used for various aspects of the disclosure, and it has: use In the payload of packet is divided into the data block generator module 1602 of multiple data block, the most each data block includes Gray Code and data division, and each data division is between two Gray codes；For the some numbers in the plurality of data block Generating according to the channel estimation sequence inserting information between block and insert module 1604, described information is for time, channel and frequency At least one operation in estimation；And for sending the packet transmission module 1606 of this packet.

Various aspects described herein can be implemented as method, device or use standard program and/or the system of engineering Product.Term used herein " goods " is intended to can be from the calculating of any computer readable device, carrier or medium access Machine program.Such as, computer-readable medium can include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage apparatus, CD, digital versatile disc, intelligence Can card and flash memory device.

The disclosure is not limited to preferred aspect.Additionally, it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that and can use various ways Realizing method and apparatus aspect specifically described herein, these modes are included in hardware, software, firmware or their various combinations In realization.The example of this kind of hardware can include ASIC, field programmable gate array, general processor, DSP and/or other Circuit.The software of the disclosure and/or firmware realize can by include Java, C, C++, MatlabTM, Verilog, VHDL and/ Or the combination in any of the programming language of processor special purpose machinery and assembler language realizes.

Those skilled in the art are it should also be appreciated that combine the various exemplary logic that various aspects disclosed herein describes Frame, module, processor, assembly, circuit and algorithm steps can be implemented as electronic hardware (such as, Digital Implementation, simulated implementation or Combination, it is possible to use it is designed by source code or some other technology), the various forms of journeys that comprise instruction Sequence or design code (for convenience, can be referred to as " software " or " software module " herein), or combination.In order to Clearly show that this interchangeability between hardware and software, above to various exemplary parts, frame, module, circuit and step Suddenly all overall description has been carried out around its function.It is implemented as hardware as this function and is also implemented as software, depend on spy Fixed application and the design constraint that whole system is applied.Those skilled in the art can for each application-specific with It is embodied in various ways described function, but, these realize decision-making and should not be construed as the protection domain that can deviate the disclosure.

The various exemplary box, module and the circuit that describe in conjunction with aspect disclosed herein can be at integrated circuits Realize in (" IC "), access terminal or access point, or performed by integrated circuit (" IC "), access terminal or access point.IC General processor, digital signal processor (DSP), special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array can be included (FPGA) or other PLD, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, electricity parts, light portion Part, mechanical part, or it is designed as performing their combination in any of function described herein, and, IC can perform to be positioned at IC The code interior, IC is outward or inside and outside IC or instruction.General processor can be microprocessor, or, this processor can also be to appoint Processor, controller, microcontroller or the state machine what is conventional.Processor is likely to be embodied as the combination of calculating equipment, example As, DSP and the combination of the combination of microprocessor, multi-microprocessor, one or more microprocessor and DSP core, or appoint What its this kind of configuration.

Method and system aspect described herein only illustrates the particular aspects of the disclosure.It should be appreciated that, ability Field technique personnel can design various scheme, although these schemes are not described the most in this article or illustrate, Embody the principle of the disclosure and be included in the scope of the present disclosure.It addition, all examples described herein and conditional statement It is intended to the purpose in order to teach, in order to help the principle of reader understanding's disclosure.The disclosure and relevant quoting thereof are to be interpreted as Example and condition to these concrete descriptions do not limit.Additionally, describe the principle of the disclosure, aspect and instantiation thereof All statements herein, it is intended to contain their equivalent form of value structurally and functionally.It addition, the mesh of these equivalent form of values The equivalent form of value being to include the currently known equivalent form of value and will be developed in future, i.e. no matter structure, perform Any element of the exploitation of identical function.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, block diagram herein represents the exemplary electricity of the principle embodying the disclosure The conceptual illustration of road, algorithm and functional steps.Similarly, it should be appreciated that any flow chart, flow chart, signal graph, system Figure, code etc. all represent the various mistakes that substantially can represent in computer-readable medium and therefore be performed by computer or processor Journey, whether show obviously this kind of computer or processor.

Claims (18)

1. a method for wireless communications, including:

Generate packet, described packet includes by the separate Part I of delimiter and Part II, wherein, described delimiter also by Being used for being identified the feature of described Part II, wherein, described delimiter includes multiple symbol, and these symbols show described The transmission rate of at least header of packet, wherein, it is described that described header includes that timestamp, described timestamp are included in transmission The timing information of the superframe of packet；And

Send described packet.

The most the plurality of symbol also shows at least one in following characteristics: beacon Packet；Non-beacon is grouped；And beamforming training packet.

The most described feature shows that described packet is in single carrier mode or orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) carrier mode sends.

4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described packet includes not only for described single carrier mode but also for described OFDM pattern leading.

The most described delimiter is based at least one Gray code.

The most described delimiter is estimated for channel.

7. a communicator, including:

For generating the assembly of packet, described packet includes by the separate Part I of delimiter and Part II, wherein, described Delimiter is also used to be identified the feature of described Part II, and wherein, described delimiter includes multiple symbol, these symbols Number showing the transmission rate of at least header of described packet, wherein, described header includes that timestamp, described timestamp are included in it The timing information of the superframe of the described packet of middle transmission；And

For sending the assembly of described packet.

8. communicator as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the plurality of symbol also shows at least one in following characteristics: Beacon packet；Non-beacon is grouped；And beamforming training packet.

9. communicator as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described feature show described packet be single carrier mode or OFDM (OFDM) carrier mode sends.

10. communicator as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described packet include not only for described single carrier mode but also for Described OFDM pattern leading.

11. communicators as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described delimiter is based at least one Gray code.

12. communicators as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described delimiter is estimated for channel.

13. 1 kinds of wireless devices, including:

Antenna；

Being configured to generate the packet generator of packet, described packet includes by the separate Part I of delimiter and Part II, Wherein, described delimiter is also used to be identified the feature of described Part II, and wherein, described delimiter includes multiple symbol Number, these symbols show the transmission rate of at least header of described packet, and wherein, described header includes timestamp, described time Stamp is included in sending the timing information of the superframe of described packet；And

It is configured to be sent the packet transmission module of described packet by described antenna.

14. wireless devices as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the plurality of symbol also shows at least in following characteristics Individual: beacon packet；Non-beacon is grouped；And beamforming training packet.

15. wireless devices as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described feature show described packet be in single carrier mode or OFDM (OFDM) carrier mode sends.

16. wireless devices as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described packet include not only for described single carrier mode but also for Described OFDM pattern leading.

17. wireless devices as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described delimiter is based at least one Gray code.

18. wireless devices as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described delimiter is estimated for channel.