CN101841636B - Photoelectric imaging system based on low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit - Google Patents
Photoelectric imaging system based on low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoelectric imaging system based on a low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit. The system comprises a low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module, an ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) module and a general-purpose computer imaging software module. Hardware modules are connected in a bus mode, the ARM module outputs parallel control signals, receives status signals output by the reading circuit module and collects serial data, the ARM module communicates with a general-purpose computer in a universal serial bus (USB) mode, and the imaging software module runs in the general-purpose computer, obtains data through drivers, processes voltage value uploaded by lower computers of each pixel of a photoelectricity sensor and displays the corresponding gray value. The system presents gray images of vision corresponding to the photoelectricity sensor on the general-purpose computer, and provides convenience for measurement, adjustment, application and development of the photoelectricity sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical fields such as circuit design, control automatically, communication, measurement and instrument and meter, is a kind of photo electric imaging system that is used to gather low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit data and demonstration.
Background technology
Photoelectric sense technology has been widely used in the various aspects of productive life, and wherein various fields such as modern industrial measurement and control, medical treatment detection, disaster prevention are particularly enriched-expanded to gradually from initial Military Application to the infrared electronic technology content.With regard to the senser element material, CCD imageing sensor (CCDs) is the leader that traditional imaging is read, but complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) (CMOS) technology rely on its read-out speed height, low in energy consumption, pixel dimension is little, be easy to advantage such as integrated functionality circuit constantly develops, become with CCDs can compete and read imaging technique, low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor promptly belongs to cmos device.
Imaging system at photoelectric sensor needs data acquisition system (DAQ) that the output of transducer reading circuit is converted to the view data that can supply display device to show usually.Particularly, the reading circuit module needs outside sequential to drive, and generally uses Digital Circuit Control; Reading circuit is exported sensor signal, generally needs analog to digital converter that it is sampled; Adopt to such an extent that data are transferred to display device through microcontroller (MCU) by certain communication mode.
The above-mentioned DAQ that is built by standalone module is obviously too scattered, is unfavorable for system low-power consumption, the easily debugging and the realization of reliability.It is the external analog to digital converter of field programmable gate array (FPGA) (ADC) that more scheme is adopted in market, does not realize fully that the module height is integrated; Still have use universal synchronous/asynchronous serial reception/transmitter (USART) interface with communicating by letter of computer, message transmission rate is too small, or directly uses liquid crystal display screen to show as portable equipment, and is not high to signal handling capacity and versatility.
Summary of the invention
What the objective of the invention is to provide at the deficiencies in the prior art is a kind of in order to drive, transfer the photo electric imaging system of surveying low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit and having realized simplifying and meeting performance requirement for the design of this low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of photo electric imaging system based on low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit is gathered photoelectric sensor data, utilizes all-purpose computer to show that characteristics are:
A, system comprise low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module, advanced RISC machines module (ARM module) and all-purpose computer imaging software module, connect with bus mode between hardware module; Adopt control and the data acquisition interface of ARM module as the reading circuit module, and the data transmission interface of all-purpose computer imaging software module;
B, system adopt the parallel communication mode that combines with serial, are exported the parallel control signal and are gathered the serial data that the reading circuit module is exported by the ARM module; ARM module and all-purpose computer communicate by the general-purpose serial bus USB mode;
It is USB device that c, system form slave computer with ARM module and reading circuit module, with host computer be that all-purpose computer constitutes master slave relation, by all-purpose computer and go up the imaging software module controls of operation;
Wherein:
Described low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module comprises 2 * 8 low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensors and reading circuit;
Described ARM module comprises ARM control kernel, core buffer, 12 analog to digital converters of two-way, direct memory access controller, USB device interface, timer and universal input/output interface and level shifting circuit;
Described imaging software module comprises operation system driver part and application program part.
Reading circuit in the above-mentioned reading circuit module carries out integration to the low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor output valve, passes through each pixel voltage value of shift register output transducer, i.e. data-signal, and return state signal from the two-way pin chronologically.
Above-mentioned ARM module is obtained the status signal and the data-signal of reading circuit module by producing the required work schedule of reading circuit module; The ARM module uses 12 analog to digital converters of two-way that the data-signal magnitude of voltage is sampled, and by dma controller sampled result is directly reached buffering area and transfers to USB device to be sent to all-purpose computer.
Operation system driver part in the above-mentioned all-purpose computer imaging software module provides the equipment control service for the USB device of reading circuit module and ARM module composition, the application program part sends order or receives data to equipment, sampled result is converted to the gray scale figure is shown in computer screen.
The usb communication mode that above-mentioned ARM module and all-purpose computer imaging software module are used adopts 3 pipelines (pipe): end points (endpoint) 1 is to import (bulk in) transmission means in batches as pipeline 1; End points 2 is to interrupt input (interrupt in) transmission means as pipeline 2; End points 2 is to interrupt output (interrupt out) transmission means as pipeline 3.
This photo electric imaging system utilizes control and the data acquisition of monolithic ARM realization to this reading circuit module, and is integrated into USB device with it based on low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit, and hardware is succinct; Utilize all-purpose computer imaging software deal with data, the display image write voluntarily, can show and control by the computer graphical interface, flexibly, accurately adjust reading circuit time of integration, built the photo electric imaging system that the module height is integrated, message transmission rate is high, performance is excellent.
For low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor CMOS, the driving of especially infrared cmos sensor reading circuit, accent are surveyed, and further utilize imaging, lay a solid foundation in the future extensive quantum structure photoelectricity sensor imaging, help novel photoelectric sensor application and realizations such as quantum structure spectrometer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module working timing figure
Fig. 3 is an ARM module hardware block architecture diagram of the present invention
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1, the present invention is made up of three big modules: low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module, ARM module and all-purpose computer imaging software module; Connect with bus mode between hardware module.The status signal of ARM module output parallel control signal, the output of reception reading circuit module, and gather serial data; ARM module and all-purpose computer communicate by USB (USB) mode; The imaging software module runs on the all-purpose computer, obtains data by driver, handles and demonstration.
(1), low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module
This module adopts 2 * 8 low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuits of number of patent application 200910047116.X, the signal of telecommunication after this processing of circuit and the output transducer opto-electronic conversion mainly contains three parts: shift-register circuit, the buffering output circuit that can carry out reading out structure element circuit, row choosing and the column selection of photoelectric current integration (changing into voltage as electric charge) to photoelectric sensor; Adopt 0.6 μ m double level polysilicon double-level-metal (DPDM) 5V CMOS technology to carry out layout design and flow, all input/output ports at control circuit increase the corresponding driving circuit module, input/output pulse is carried out shaping, and improved the driving force of pulse; Simple in structure, stable performance, control is convenient.
Consult Fig. 2, this reading circuit obtains clock signal (CP) and promptly starts working, and the output positive pulse is finished and required to obtain negative pulse reset (RST) signal, SH1 signal and SH2 signal behind signal (TD) rising edge, makes circuit carry out integration to the transducer output signal of telecommunication.After the SH2 rising edge finished, circuit stopped integration and begins output, and promptly each CP rising edge moment VOUT1 and VOUT2 export the magnitude of voltage of a pixel, totally 8 simultaneously; Positive pulse of TD output represents that 8 the road finish afterwards.After this a same minor cycle exports other 8 tunnel, two minor cycles and forms a large period, exports the magnitude of voltage of whole 16 pixels.
(2), ARM module
Consult Fig. 3, that module is selected ST company for use is the STM32 monolithic type ARM of core with CORTEX-M3, inner dominant frequency is up to 72MHz, have 4 powerful timers, chip integration has become 12 analog to digital converters of independence (ADC), high speed direct memory visit (DMA) controller of 2 1Msps and USB2.0 interface at full speed, and 2.0 editions firmware libraries that the operation of each peripheral hardware utilizes ST company to provide are realized.The ARM module produces the required work schedule of reading circuit module by general input and output pin (GPIO), obtains the status signal and the data-signal of reading circuit module; The accuracy of sequential is provided by two timers, and the real-time of status signal interrupts guaranteeing by one; The two paths of data signal carries out the binary channels sampling by two ADC, by dma controller sampled result is directly reached buffering area and transfers to USB device to be sent to all-purpose computer.Because this ARM module is used Transistor-Transistor Logic level, the reading circuit module is used the CMOS level, so the single-chip microcomputer output pin must be made as out the external pull-up resistor of stripping pattern formula to 5V, input pin is selected 5V tolerance type for use.
I, state machine
Because reading circuit module sequential determines that each road signal takes place sequentially, so for ensureing its operate as normal, user mode machine thought is write the sequential output program of ARM module.Wherein the CP signal uses a timer to produce separately; RST, SH1, SH2 use another timer by three GPIO pin output timings of sequence state machine control.The ARM module produces and interrupts when a reading circuit status signal of output (finishing signal TD), and interrupt service routine drags down the RST pin level and opens the timer at RST, SH1, SH2 place.
Ii, sampling of ADC binary channels and DMA transmission
Reading circuit module 2 road VOUT export two kinds of voltage integrating meter values of a pixel simultaneously, therefore need 2 ADC to sample simultaneously, obtain this pixel grey scale corresponding voltage value after the gained sampled value is subtracted each other.The function that STM32 provides 2 road ADC binary channels to sample simultaneously, it is not enough or a plurality of ADC are arranged and the problem that can't start synchronously to have solved general microcontroller ADC.After 2 road ADC sample simultaneously and finish, open the DMA function, sampled result is directly transferred to core buffer from the ADC register, alleviated the workload of control kernel greatly, thereby guarantee the real-time of system.
iii、USB
Transfer of data of the present invention is: USB device sends a large amount of sensing datas to all-purpose computer, and the exchange of control data between equipment and the all-purpose computer.So general-purpose serial bus USB 3 pipelines of communications setting (pipe): end points (endpoint) 1 is to import (bulk in) transmission means sends a large amount of sensing datas transmission to all-purpose computer as USB device pipeline 1 in batches; End points 2 is to interrupt input interrupt in) transmission means sends the transmission pipeline 2 of control data to all-purpose computer as USB device; End points 2 is to interrupt output (interrupt out) transmission means as the transmission pipeline 3 of all-purpose computer to USB device transmission control data.End points 0 is defaulted as the passage of USB device control transmission, is a two-way pipeline.4 pipelines are made as an interface (interface), set up this USB device model thus.
The setting of above-mentioned USB device model is expressed promptly by program and at initial phase USB device descriptor (Device Descriptor), configuration descriptor (Config Descriptor) (comprising interface descriptor and endpoint descriptor) and other several unit type word string descriptors is set successively.
(3), all-purpose computer imaging software module
Operation system driver part in the all-purpose computer imaging software module provides management such as address assignment, power supply for the USB device of reading circuit module and ARM module composition.Drive development and use Visual C++6.0, Driver Studio software and Windows XP and drive kit (DDK),, generate the driver framework, add the reading and writing data code therein by the self-defined USB class of above-mentioned USB device modelling.As add a USB request block (URB) in end points 1 pipeline read data function, transmission is used when keeping supplying layer application program reading of data.
Application program partly uses Visual C++6.0 and microsoft foundation class (MFC) thereof to write, and sends order or receives data to equipment, sampled result is converted to the gray scale figure is shown in computer screen.In timing routine, utilize Windows system applies DLL (dynamic link library) function DeviceIoControl read-write USB device data.As in timing routine, not stopping a large amount of sensing datas that fetch equipment is sent to computer by end points 1.
The gained data are handled by the measurement of correlation standard by computer CPU, draw grey scale pixel value, utilize paintbrush to draw the rectangular color lumps of 16 pixel correspondences at program interface.
Control buttons such as layout setting facility switching, sampling switch, the adjustment time of integration can be carried out on all-purpose computer fully to the operation of equipment, make instrument virtual.Behind install driver under the Windows system, the equipment of opening that runs application can use, and the accent of this 2 * 8 low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor is surveyed provides very big facility, has improved the versatility of this photo electric imaging system.
Claims (3)
1. the photo electric imaging system based on low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit is gathered photoelectric sensor data, utilizes the all-purpose computer imaging, it is characterized in that:
A, system comprise that low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module, advanced RISC machines module are ARM module and all-purpose computer, connect with bus mode between hardware module; Adopt the ARM module as the control of reading circuit module and data acquisition interface and and all-purpose computer between data transmission interface;
B, system adopt the parallel communication mode that combines with serial, are exported the parallel control signal and are gathered the serial data that the reading circuit module is exported by the ARM module; ARM module and all-purpose computer communicate by the general-purpose serial bus USB mode;
It is USB device that c, system form slave computer with ARM module and reading circuit module, with host computer be that all-purpose computer constitutes master slave relation, control by all-purpose computer;
Wherein:
Described low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module comprises 2 * 8 low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensors and reading circuit thereof;
Described ARM module comprises ARM control kernel, core buffer, 12 analog to digital converters of two-way, direct memory access controller, USB device interface, timer and universal input/output interface and level shifting circuit; The ARM module produces the required work schedule of reading circuit module by universal input/output interface, obtains the status signal and the data-signal of reading circuit module; The accuracy of sequential is provided by two timers, and the real-time of status signal interrupts guaranteeing by one; The two paths of data signal carries out the binary channels sampling by 12 analog to digital converters of two-way, by the direct memory access controller sampled result is directly reached core buffer and transfers to the USB device interface to be sent to all-purpose computer.
2. the photo electric imaging system based on low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the reading circuit in the described reading circuit module carries out integration to the low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor output valve, pass through each pixel voltage value of shift register output transducer from the two-way pin chronologically, be data-signal, and the return state signal.
3. the photo electric imaging system based on low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described general-purpose serial bus USB communication mode adopts three pipelines: end points 1 is to import transmission means as pipeline 1 in batches; End points 2 is to interrupt the input transmission means as pipeline 2; End points 2 is to interrupt the output transmission means as pipeline 3.
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| CN109709545B (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2023-01-17 | 西北工业大学 | Multichannel high-resolution through-wall radar imaging system based on embedded architecture |
| CN111093037B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-01-08 | 深圳市中科先见医疗科技有限公司 | Image data receiving method, image capturing apparatus, and artificial retina apparatus |
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| US20060073852A1 (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-06 | Jiankun Li | Wireless device having a configurable camera interface to support digital image processing |
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| US20060073852A1 (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-06 | Jiankun Li | Wireless device having a configurable camera interface to support digital image processing |
| CN1878278A (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2006-12-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Apparatus and method for carrying out video processing |
| CN101504313A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2009-08-12 | 华东师范大学 | Design method for photoelectric detector reading circuit |
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