CN101840308A - Hierarchical memory system and logical volume management method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a logical volume management method applied for a hierarchical memory system. A volume group bit chart is arranged, and the bits of the volume group bit chart correspond to the physical zones of a physical volume one to one; and the bits in the volume group bit chart indicate whether the corresponding physical zone is occupied or not. The method comprises the following steps: A. initializing a mapping array, wherein each element in the mapping array corresponds to one bit in the volume group bit chart, and the element value shows the position of the corresponding bit in the volume group bit chart; B. seeking a bit set to be invalid in the volume group bit chart and setting the value of the bit to be valid; C. recording the position of the sought bit in the volume group bit chart into the element corresponding to the mapping array of the logical volume; and D. creating a new logical volume which is mapped to the physical zone corresponding to the sought bit. The invention also discloses a memory system adopting the logical volume management method. With the scheme, the invention does not need to distribute a large number of physical zones in initialization, achieves the dynamic use of the physical zones, and greatly saves the memory resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer memory technical field, particularly a kind of hierarchical stor and logical volume management method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of storage and network technology, the capacity exponentially level of the network storage increases.The storage user of enterprise-level wishes that data have higher reliability, and data that can continuous access enterprises service management; Simultaneously, the system manager of storage server wishes that also more high efficiency memory management policy is arranged.
In the use of enterprise class storage server, the system manager wishes that storage resources can dynamic adjustments, rather than will predict the capacity that certain storage resources may need in future when bringing into use.When certain storage resources is about to exhaust, can online dilatation, guarantee the sustainability visit of data.
Logical volume management (LVM, Logical Volume Manager) provide solution of the above problems.LVM is a logical layer that is based upon on hard disk and the subregion, is used to improve the dirigibility of disk partition management.Figure 1 shows that the storage system logic structural representation with logical volume management of prior art.The position of volume management module 102 in storage system 100 is under the front end protocol-driven module 101, receives the read/write order, and by the function of self, with read/write order distribution, process cache module 103 is in physical store resource driver module 104.
By the LVM system, the keeper is the hyperdisk subregion easily.As: several disk partition are connected to the volume group (volume group) of a monoblock, form a storage pool.The keeper can arbitrarily create logical volume group (logical volumes) on the volume group, and further creates file system on the logical volume group.The keeper can adjust the size of storage volume group easily by LVM, and can name, manage and distribute according to the mode of group disk storage, thereby has improved the efficient of storage administration.
Figure 2 shows that the mapping relations synoptic diagram of logical volume management physical zone to logic block.Logical volume management module 102 is formed volume group (VG, Volume Group) with physical volume (PV, Physical Volume), divides logical volume (LV, Logical Volume) on the volume group.After PV is distributed to the volume group, just can create the LV (as long as being no more than the size of VG) of any size.In order to realize that physics is rolled onto the mapping relations of logical volume, logical volume management module 102 also is divided into the more section of small grain size with physical volume and logical volume, is called physical zone (PE, Physical Extent) and logic block (LE, Logical Extent).Physical zone and logic block are one to one always.
Though logical volume management has solved the problem of partition management well, but because the user is in application storage resources (promptly dividing logical volume), always will consider later use and divide jumbo space in advance, and when reality is used, real space of using is far smaller than the space of prior division, logical volume management still exists storage resources waste, the problem that service efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the objective of the invention is to, propose a kind of logical volume management method that is applied to hierarchical stor, can realize simplifying automatically configuration, improve the service efficiency of storage resources.
This method is provided with a volume group bitmap table, and the figure place of described volume group bitmap table is the physical sector number sum of the physical volume of composition volume group, and the position of volume group bitmap table is corresponding one by one with the physical zone of physical volume; Position in the volume group bitmap table is set to effectively represent that corresponding physical zone is occupied, and it is unoccupied that the position in the volume group bitmap table is set to the invalid representation corresponding physical zone; This method also comprises the steps:
A, a mapping of initialization array, each element is corresponding to a position in the volume group bitmap table in this mapping array, and element value is represented the pairing position in volume group bitmap table that is;
B, in the bitmap table of volume group, seek one and be set to invalid position, and the value of this position is set to effectively;
C, with the location records in the position place volume group bitmap table that is found in the element of the mapping array correspondence of logical volume;
D, a newly-built logical volume, described logical volume is mapped in the position corresponding physical zone that is found.
The element value of described mapping array equals the sequence number of corresponding with described element value position in the volume group bitmap table; If the element value of mapping array is-1, show not to be mapped to physical zone as yet.
Further comprise before the described step B: the storage space of logical volume application is adjusted, the size of the storage space of application is alignd according to the size of logic block, thereby the logic block number of guaranteeing logical volume is an integer.
Step B is described to be sought in the bitmap table of volume group in the step that is set to invalid position, is not set to invalid position if find, and then carry out following steps: carry out error message and feed back, the reporting system keeper rolls up the group dilatation.
After the described step D, further comprise:
E, the address of read and write access is changed, be converted into the logic area segment number of logical volume;
F, search the mapping array, draw the value of corresponding mapping array element with described logic area segment number;
G, jump to corresponding physical zone, and described physical zone is carried out the read and write access operation according to element value.
Preferably, before the described step G, further comprise:
Value to element is judged, if the value of element greater than 0, is then carried out described step G; If the value of element is not more than 0, then go to described step B.
The embodiment of the invention also proposes a kind of hierarchical stor, comprises front end protocol-driven module, volume management module, cache module and physical store resource driver module, and this storage system also comprises position relationship map module;
Described volume management module is used for when creating the volume group one volume group bitmap table being set, and the figure place of described volume group bitmap table is the physical sector number sum of the physical volume of composition volume group, and the position of volume group bitmap table is corresponding one by one with the physical zone of physical volume; Position in the volume group bitmap table is set to effectively represent that corresponding physical zone is occupied, and it is unoccupied that the position in the volume group bitmap table is set to the invalid representation corresponding physical zone;
Volume management module also was used for before creating logical volume, a mapping of initialization array, and each element is corresponding to a position in the volume group bitmap table in this mapping array, and element value is represented the pairing position in volume group bitmap table that is; Described mapping array and volume group bitmap table all are stored in described position relationship map module;
Volume management module is used for seeking one in the volume group bitmap table of described position relationship map module and is set to invalid position, and the value of this position is set to effectively, with the location records in place, the position volume group bitmap table that is found in the element of the mapping array correspondence of logical volume; A newly-built logical volume, described logical volume is mapped in the described position corresponding physical zone that finds;
Position relationship map module is used for the address from the read and write access of front end protocol-driven module is changed, and is converted into the logic area segment number of logical volume; Search the mapping array with described logic area segment number, draw the value of corresponding mapping array element; Make physical store resource driver module jump to corresponding physical zone according to element value.
The element value of described mapping array equals the sequence number of corresponding with described element value position in the volume group bitmap table; If the element value of mapping array is-1, show not to be mapped to physical zone as yet.
Described volume management module is more than one speed step according to the difference of access speed with the physical store resource division, and sets up data access frequency and described other corresponding relation of level; For data to be stored, search described corresponding relation according to its access frequency and find corresponding speed step, and with this data storage in the physical store resource of this speed step.
The access frequency of described volume management module record data, whether the speed step of judging current accessed frequency correspondence according to described corresponding relation changes, when changing with data dump in the physical store resource of the speed step of current accessed frequency correspondence.
Described volume management module further comprises:
Adjustment unit is used for the storage space of logical volume application is adjusted, and the size of storage space of application is alignd according to the size of logic block, thereby the logic block number of guaranteeing logical volume is an integer.
Preferably, described volume management module further comprises: the error message feedback unit, be used for not finding under the situation that is set to invalid position in the bitmap table of volume group, and carry out the error message feedback, the reporting system keeper rolls up the group dilatation.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the volume group is shone upon by the physical zone of safeguarding a unified bitmap table and physical volume, only there is a logic block corresponding when initial with physical zone, increase along with memory capacity, the logic block corresponding physical zone can dynamically increase, need not like this when initial, to distribute a large amount of physical zone, reach the dynamic use of physical zone, greatly saved storage resources.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the storage system logic block diagram that possesses logical volume management of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the mapping relations synoptic diagram of logical volume management physical zone to logic block;
Fig. 3 is the storage system logic block diagram that possesses logical volume management of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 possesses the mapping relations synoptic diagram that the logical volume management physical zone of simplifying configuration feature automatically arrives logic block;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of the establishment logical volume of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 carries out the process flow diagram that read and write access is operated for the embodiment of the invention to logical volume.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
The logic diagram of the storage system that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 3, storage system 300 comprises front end protocol-driven module 301, volume management module 302, position relationship map module 303, cache module 304 and physical store resource driver module 305.
In order to make storage system on the basis of realizing logical volume management, also possess and simplify configuration feature automatically, the present invention improves the storage system of prior art: a plurality of physical volumes are constituted the volume group jointly, divide logical volume on the volume group; The volume group is shone upon by the physical zone of safeguarding a unified bitmap table and physical volume, only has a logic block corresponding with physical zone when initial.Increase by one is used to realize simplifying automatically the position relationship map module 303 of configuration feature between volume management module 302 and cache module 304.Position relationship map module 303 is used in the read/write order navigating to the position of actual physical storage resources according to mapping relations before lower floor's module distribution.
Front-end driven protocol module 301 is responsible for resolving variety of protocol, comprises optical-fibre channel (fibre Channel FC) agreement and network personal computer interface (iscsi) agreement; Volume management module 302 is responsible for the management of logical volume, comprises establishment, deletion, revises logical volume; The read or write speed of cache module 304 is used for the historical read-write of buffer memory content much larger than hard disk, when receiving new read request, at first seeks the content of this read request correspondence in cache module 304, does not read hard disk again if find, and can improve the IO read or write speed.305 responsible data of physical store resource driver module and true physical equipment are mutual, read or write operation), this storage system also comprises position relationship map module 303, in order to realize the mapping between logic block and the physical zone.
Described volume management module 302 is provided with a volume group bitmap table when creating the volume group, the figure place of described volume group bitmap table is the physical sector number sum of the physical volume of composition volume group, and the position of volume group bitmap table is corresponding one by one with the physical zone of physical volume; Position in the volume group bitmap table is set to effectively represent that corresponding physical zone is occupied, and it is unoccupied that the position in the volume group bitmap table is set to the invalid representation corresponding physical zone;
After establishing logical volume is finished, the user carries out read and write access, after the IO request command is resolved through front-end driven protocol module 301, forward corresponding target logic volume to, the target logic volume is converted to the actual physical address with the logical address of IO request by position relationship map module 303, be forwarded to then on the corresponding physical equipment, the cache module 304 of lower floor and physical store resource driver module 305 carry out read and write access according to the IO request after changing to the physical store resource.When access logic curly hair was given birth to disappearance, volume management module 302 can distribute a physical zone fast, is mapped to the logic block of address disappearance, thereby does not influence normal visit.
Preferably, the physical store resource can comprise polytype storer, for example common magnetic disc formula hard disk (SATA or ATA), micro harddisk (Microdrive) or solid state hard disc (Solid State Disk SSD).Wherein, the access speed of solid state hard disc is fast, but costs an arm and a leg, and the access speed of magnetic disc formula hard disk is slower but cheap.According to the difference of access speed, be more than one speed step with the physical store resource division, and set up data access frequency and described other corresponding relation of level; For data to be stored, search described corresponding relation according to its access frequency and find corresponding speed step, and with this data storage in the physical store resource of this speed step, its principle be access frequency higher data storage in the comparatively faster physical store resource of access speed, and the low data (comprising Backup Data) of access frequency are stored in the relatively slow physical store resource of access speed.The access frequency of volume management module record data judges according to described corresponding relation whether the speed step of current accessed frequency correspondence changes, when changing with data dump in the physical store resource of the speed step of current accessed frequency correspondence.
Preferably, volume management module 302 can further include:
Adjustment unit is used for the storage space of logical volume application is adjusted, and the size of storage space of application is alignd according to the size of logic block, thereby the logic block number of guaranteeing logical volume is an integer.
The error message feedback unit is used for not finding under the situation that is set to invalid position in the bitmap table of volume group, carries out the error message feedback, and the reporting system keeper rolls up the group dilatation.
Shown in Figure 4 is an example with the logical volume management mapping mechanism of simplifying configuration feature automatically, three physical equipments are wherein arranged: physical disk 404, disk array 405 and solid magnetic disc (SSD) 408, wherein physical disk 404 has three subregions, is respectively subregion 401, subregion 402 and subregion 403.Physical disk 404 constitutes physical volume 409, disk array 405 constitutes physical volume 410, solid magnetic disc 408 constitutes physical volume 411, three physical volumes have been formed volume group 416, two logical volumes in volume group 416, have been divided, be respectively logical volume 417 and logical volume 418, in catalogue 419, logical volume 418 is by the file system mounted catalogue 420 that arrives by file system mounted for logical volume 417.
As can be seen from Figure 4, volume group 416 has comprised a bitmap table 415, and the figure place of bitmap table is the physical sector number sum of the physical volume of composition volume group, and the position of bitmap table is corresponding one by one with the physical zone of physical volume.Position 426 in the bitmap table is changed to effectively and (for example is set to 1,1 expression effectively), the physical zone 412 that shows its corresponding physical volume has been set up related with logic block 421, logic block 421 to logical volume carries out read and write access, and the physical zone 412 to physical volume conducts interviews in fact exactly.If the position in the bitmap table is set to invalid (it is invalid for example to be set to 0,0 expression), show that then the physical zone of this corresponding physical volume is not related with the logic block of any logical volume, be unoccupied section.
In this embodiment, the storage space of logical volume 417 applications comprises 13 logic blocks, but when logical volume 417 initialization, the logical volume management module has in fact only been distributed a physical zone 412 for it, first logic block 421 of logical volume 417 is related by bitmap table with physical zone 412, and first element value of the related array on the logical volume is set to position 416 sequence numbers in bitmap table of bitmap table.Equally, the storage space of logical volume 418 application comprises 5 logic blocks, and the physical zone that is assigned to during initialization also has only one, and promptly physical zone 422.
When the physical zone 424 at the logical address place that the IO request is visited does not have physical zone associated, logical volume management can produce the section disappearance, by in the bitmap table of volume group, finding not related as yet position 423 fast, its corresponding physical zone 414 and the logic block 424 of disappearance are set up mapping, thereby solve the section disappearance.
Fig. 5 is a process flow diagram of creating logical volume in the volume group, has shown how how simplify configuration automatically embodies in logical volume management.This flow process comprises the steps:
Step 501: the storage space of logical volume application is adjusted, the size of storage space of application is alignd according to the size of logic block, thereby the logic block number of guaranteeing logical volume is an integer.
Step 502:,, be used to deposit the mapping array of this logical volume to system's application internal memory for the description logic volume structure.
Step 503: value of searching is 0 position in the bitmap table of volume group, promptly seeks a still unappropriated physical zone.
Step 504: judge whether to find unappropriated physical zone, if do not find, show that then all storage spaces exhaust in the volume group, execution in step 506 is carried out the error message feedback, and the reporting system keeper rolls up the group dilatation, and flow process finishes then; If find, then execution in step 505;
Step 505: value that will this position is changed to 1, and the sign corresponding physical zone is cited.
Step 507: the location records in the position place volume group bitmap table that step 504 is found is in the element of the mapping array correspondence of logical volume.
Step 508: upgrade the metadata of logical volume management, a promptly newly-built logical volume, described logical volume is mapped in the described position corresponding physical zone that finds.
Step 509: newly-built logical volume is activated, and apprizing system can carry out read and write access.
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram that logical volume is carried out read and write access, has shown how to carry out the read and write access operation under the logical volume management of simplifying configuration automatically, comprise the steps:
Step 601: the address of read and write access is changed, be converted into the logic area segment number of logical volume.
Step 602: search logical volume mapping array with the logic area segment number that converts, draw the value of corresponding mapping array element.
Step 603: the value to element is judged, if the value of element is not more than 0, shows the section disappearance takes place that the logic block of visit does not have physical zone related with it, execution in step 604; If element value greater than 0, finds corresponding physical zone, can successfully carry out read and write access, go to step 609.
Step 604: the logical volume management module in the bitmap table of volume group, seek a value be 0 the position, promptly seek a still unappropriated physical zone.
Step 605: judge whether that success finds a still unappropriated physical zone, if failure, then execution in step 611, reporting errors information, and reporting system keeper volume group storage resources exhausts.If success, then execution in step 607.
Step 607: value that will this position is changed to 1, and the sign corresponding physical zone is cited.
Step 608: the metadata of logical volume management is preserved.
Step 609: jump to corresponding physical zone according to element value.
Step 610 is carried out the read and write access operation.
In sum, logical volume management has possessed simplifies the function of configuration automatically, thereby has improved the utilization factor of storage resources, has also improved storage efficiency.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. logical volume management method that is applied to hierarchical stor, it is characterized in that, one volume group bitmap table is set, and the figure place of described volume group bitmap table is the physical sector number sum of the physical volume of composition volume group, and the position of volume group bitmap table is corresponding one by one with the physical zone of physical volume; Position in the volume group bitmap table is set to effectively represent that corresponding physical zone is occupied, and it is unoccupied that the position in the volume group bitmap table is set to the invalid representation corresponding physical zone; This method comprises the steps:
A, a mapping of initialization array, each element is corresponding to a position in the volume group bitmap table in this mapping array, and element value is represented the pairing position in volume group bitmap table that is;
B, in the bitmap table of volume group, seek one and be set to invalid position, and the value of this position is set to effectively;
C, with the location records in the position place volume group bitmap table that is found in the element of the mapping array correspondence of logical volume;
D, a newly-built logical volume, described logical volume is mapped in the position corresponding physical zone that is found.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the element value of described mapping array equals the sequence number of corresponding with described element value position in the volume group bitmap table; If the element value of mapping array is-1, show not to be mapped to physical zone as yet.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, further comprise before the described step B: the storage space of logical volume application is adjusted, the size of the storage space of application is alignd according to the size of logic block, thereby the logic block number of guaranteeing logical volume is an integer.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step B is described to be sought in the step that is set to invalid position, is not set to invalid position if find in the bitmap table of volume group, then carry out following steps: carry out the error message feedback, the reporting system keeper rolls up the group dilatation.
5. according to each described method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, after the described step D, further comprise:
E, the address of read and write access is changed, be converted into the logic area segment number of logical volume;
F, search the mapping array, draw the value of corresponding mapping array element with described logic area segment number;
G, jump to corresponding physical zone, and described physical zone is carried out the read and write access operation according to element value.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, before the described step G, further comprises:
Value to element is judged, if the value of element greater than 0, is then carried out described step G; If the value of element is not more than 0, then go to described step B.
7. a hierarchical stor comprises front end protocol-driven module, volume management module, cache module and physical store resource driver module, it is characterized in that this storage system also comprises position relationship map module;
Described volume management module is used for when creating the volume group one volume group bitmap table being set, and the figure place of described volume group bitmap table is the physical sector number sum of the physical volume of composition volume group, and the position of volume group bitmap table is corresponding one by one with the physical zone of physical volume; Position in the volume group bitmap table is set to effectively represent that corresponding physical zone is occupied, and it is unoccupied that the position in the volume group bitmap table is set to the invalid representation corresponding physical zone;
Volume management module also was used for before creating logical volume, a mapping of initialization array, and each element is corresponding to a position in the volume group bitmap table in this mapping array, and element value is represented the pairing position in volume group bitmap table that is; Described mapping array and volume group bitmap table all are stored in described position relationship map module;
Volume management module is used for seeking one in the volume group bitmap table of described position relationship map module and is set to invalid position, and the value of this position is set to effectively, with the location records in place, the position volume group bitmap table that is found in the element of the mapping array correspondence of logical volume; A newly-built logical volume, described logical volume is mapped in the described position corresponding physical zone that finds;
Position relationship map module is used for the address from the read and write access of front end protocol-driven module is changed, and is converted into the logic area segment number of logical volume; Search the mapping array with described logic area segment number, draw the value of corresponding mapping array element; Make physical store resource driver module jump to corresponding physical zone according to element value.
8. hierarchical stor according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the element value of described mapping array equals the sequence number of corresponding with described element value position in the volume group bitmap table; If the element value of mapping array is-1, show not to be mapped to physical zone as yet.
9. hierarchical stor according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described volume management module is more than one speed step according to the difference of access speed with the physical store resource division, and sets up data access frequency and described other corresponding relation of level; For data to be stored, search described corresponding relation according to its access frequency and find corresponding speed step, and with this data storage in the physical store resource of this speed step.
10. hierarchical stor according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the access frequency of described volume management module record data, whether the speed step of judging current accessed frequency correspondence according to described corresponding relation changes, when changing with data dump in the physical store resource of the speed step of current accessed frequency correspondence.
11. hierarchical stor according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described volume management module further comprises:
Adjustment unit is used for the storage space of logical volume application is adjusted, and the size of storage space of application is alignd according to the size of logic block, thereby the logic block number of guaranteeing logical volume is an integer.
12. hierarchical stor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described volume management module further comprises: the error message feedback unit, be used for not finding under the situation that is set to invalid position in the bitmap table of volume group, carry out the error message feedback, the reporting system keeper rolls up the group dilatation.
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