CN101839024A - Electric field salt rejection protective system protected by reinforced concrete structure in chloride environment - Google Patents
Electric field salt rejection protective system protected by reinforced concrete structure in chloride environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101839024A CN101839024A CN 201010145910 CN201010145910A CN101839024A CN 101839024 A CN101839024 A CN 101839024A CN 201010145910 CN201010145910 CN 201010145910 CN 201010145910 A CN201010145910 A CN 201010145910A CN 101839024 A CN101839024 A CN 101839024A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric field salt rejection protective system protected by a reinforced concrete structure in chloride environment, which is provided with an anode arranged on the surface layer of the concrete structure and an anode cable connected on the anode; the reinforcement in the concrete is used as a cathode and is provided with a cathode cable connected on the reinforcement and simultaneously provided with a direct-current power supply. The invention is characterized in that the output voltage of the direct-current power supply between the anode and the cathode is 0.5-1V; and the current density in the reinforcement is 0.3-0.7mA/m<2>. The new corrosion guard introduced by the invention provides a new electric field salt rejection system aiming at the essence that chloride in external environment invades concrete to cause reinforcement corrosion; aiming at the new reinforced concrete structure in chlorine environment, the adoption of the system can effectively prevent chloridions from penetrating into the environment, thus achieving the purpose of protecting durable non-corrosion on the internal reinforcement. The electric field salt rejection system has simple constitution, good salt rejection effect and long protective service life, and is convenient for implementation and maintenance management.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to reinforced concrete structure anticorrosion technique field, the electric field resistance protective salt system that relates to protected by reinforced concrete structure in a kind of bar in chlorine salt solution, the corrosion that is used for preventing ocean, saline and alkaline area and spreads the reinforced concrete structure of cryosel environment improves its application life.
Background technology
Be in the ocean, spread the reinforced concrete structure in the salt pollution environment such as cryosel, because the erosion of villaumite, cause wherein reinforcement corrosion and cause its too early destruction, a big disaster that has become whole world common concern and become increasingly conspicuous, huge direct, indirect loss have not only been caused, but also cause a large amount of consumption of limited resources, cause environment pollution, threaten personal safety.Therefore, in the today of advocating energy-saving and emission-reduction, low-carbon economy, solve the corrosion of concrete reinforcement, improve project durability, be not only the great scientific and technological problem that is related to engineering safety and service life, and be energy supply anxiety, environment pollution and ecological degeneration pressing for sustainable development.
At present, the newly-built in the world and major infrastructure projects such as bridge spanning the sea, tunnel and the large-scale bridges and culverts of speedway planned to build all require the application life more than 100 years.A large amount of investigations and engineering practice prove, in harsh and unforgiving environments such as villaumite, reach the design service life more than 100 years, must take effective corrosion protection measure.Therefore effective guard technology of reinforced concrete structure has become the research focus of international academic community and engineering circle.
The reinforced concrete structure erosion guard technology has multiple in the bar in chlorine salt solution at present; using is to be coated with organic coating at concrete surface more widely; its principle is the intrusion by chlorion in the physical method shielding environment, but owing to characteristics such as it are easily aging, the protection life-span has only about 10 years usually.
The protection philosophy of cathodic protection (claiming cathodic protection again for newly-built structure) is to lose electronics and the essence of corroding from reinforcing bar; continue to provide the reinforcing bar certain amount of electrons by external device (ED); with its current potential cathodic polarization to being defeated by a certain value, thereby make and be prevented from or be reduced to very little degree in the own oxidation reaction of reinforcing bar (corrosion).This technology is considered to prevent at present in the villaumite contaminated environment reinforcement corrosion effective measures the most, some newly-built major workss of China begin to adopt the cathodic protection technology, have all implemented the cathodic protection measure as Construction of Hangzhou Bay Cross-sea Bridge king-tower, PORT OF TIANJIN harbour and the speedway Yongdinghe River, Langfang to Zhuozhou grand bridge.But also there is following problem in cathode protection technology:
(1) protection system complexity, difficult management, cost height.Cathodic protection system mainly partly is made up of power-supply system, anode system, control and measuring system etc.
[1]The general employing of power-supply system has the constant potential function potentiostat that can control the reinforcing bar current potential or provides constant current or the constant voltage rectifier, and the potentiostat price is higher relatively at present, and complicated, fragile; Rectifier then needs to adjust the output voltage of rectifier or output current repeatedly until the reinforcing bar current potential is met the demands according to the reinforcing bar potential value that records, therefore the technology management level of having relatively high expectations.The effect of cathodic protection is weighed by the reinforcing bar protection potential in addition; at the whole protecting life period; need regularly by being embedded in the current potential of the current potential detection probe measurement reinforcing bar in the protected structure; in order to guarantee the reliability of reinforcing bar potential value, require the potential measuring probe a reference value to have long-time stability.But at present the current potential detection probe also depends on import, and it is not long-lastingly effectively solved, and for example Sydney Opera House negative electrode prevention protection operation is after 7～8 years, and 17% current potential detection probe lost efficacy, and needed frequent calibration, replacing.
(2) the protection life-span is difficult to guarantee.The inefficacy of anode system will cause the inefficacy of whole cathode protection system, so the life-span of cathodic protection is mainly determined by anode system.Activation titanium anode is because its discharge capacity is big, corrosion resistance is strong, and anode itself can reach 25 years design life～and 100 years, be to use the most extensive and successful anode in the present protecting reinforced concrete cathode
[2]But in running, the anode reaction shown in anode/concrete interface anode reaction generation following formula produces H
+Be difficult for spreading out, can cause acidifying between the concrete of interface, anode/concrete interface adhesion stress descends and causes whole protecting system premature failure
[3]
2H
2O-4e→4H
++O
2
List of references
[1]EN12696：Cathodic?protection?of?steel?in?concrete[S]
[2] Zhu Yaxian, Cai Wei becomes. protecting reinforced concrete cathode [J]. and corrosion and protection, 2008,29:24-32
[3]S.D.Cramer，B.S.Covino?Jr.，S.J.Bullard，et.al.Corrosion?prevention?and?remediationstrategies?for?reinforced?concrete?coastal?bridges[J]，Cement?and?Concrete?Composites.2002(24)：101-117
[4]Luca?Bertolini，Bernhard?Elsener，Pietro?Pedeferri，Rob?Polder.Corrosion?of?Steel?inConcrete：prevention，diagnosis，repair[M]，Weinheini；Cambridge：Wiley-VCH，c2004
Summary of the invention
The electric field resistance salt system that the purpose of this invention is to provide protected by reinforced concrete structure in a kind of bar in chlorine salt solution; it is demand in conjunction with above application life of large foundation facilities engineering a century and sustainable development; at the short or system complex of the present reinforced concrete structure erosion guard technology protection time limit; present situations such as difficult management; introduce brand-new corrosion protection theory; villaumite is invaded the essence that concrete causes reinforcement corrosion from external environment; the novel electric field resistance salt system that proposes; to after being in newly-built reinforced concrete structure in the bar in chlorine salt solution and adopting this system; can effectively stop the intrusion of chlorion in the environment, reach the lasting incorrosive purpose of the inner reinforcing bar of protection.
This electric field resistance salt system, composition is simple, resistance salt is effective, and the protection life-span is long, is convenient to implement and maintenance management.
The technical scheme of finishing the foregoing invention task is that the electric field of protected by reinforced concrete structure resistance protective salt system is provided with the anode that is arranged on the concrete structure top layer, and is provided with the anode cable that is connected on this anode in a kind of bar in chlorine salt solution in this system; Steel bars in concrete is as negative electrode, and be provided with the cathode cable that is connected on this reinforcing bar, and be provided with dc source simultaneously, it is characterized in that, the output voltage of the dc source between described anode and the negative electrode is 0.5～1V, and the current density in the described reinforcing bar is 0.3～0.7mA/m
2
In the prioritization scheme:
(1), described anode adopts insulation anchoring piece and the cement mortar concrete surface that is laid in;
(2), described anode is made of jointly anode body and some buss of being fixedly connected on this main body.On the described anode body and the equidistant setting of each bus, the present invention recommends: it is 10～20cm that described anode body is provided with spacing, each bus distance 60～80cm is set.
(3), described dc source is provided with the adjusting and the display unit of voltage or the adjusting of electric current and display unit.
Can regulate the output voltage of dc source according to the technical condition (protective layer thickness, density) and the design protection time limit of concrete structure.
The present invention is all obviously different with prior art constructions and operating principle: on the structure, different with the reinforcing bar protection system of traditional impressed current cathodic protection is, system forms simply in the solution of the present invention, and reference electrode equipotential measuring probe does not have checkout gear and control device yet; Anode form and size can arbitrarily change according to protected concrete structure size and shape, the anode structural outer surface that is laid in, construction install convenience; Only need regulate the output voltage of dc source, simple to operate, simple and clear, be easy to maintenance management; The external dc power supply output voltage is low, low energy consumption; The current density ratio conventional art obviously reduces, and lifetime of system is long.
Operating principle of the present invention is: mix the concrete portland cement of system and contain a large amount of calcium silicates, can discharge a large amount of OH during aquation
-, the pH value that makes concrete pore liquid is up to more than 12, is embedded in the thick pact that rebar surface in this high alkalinity environment can form one deck densification
γ-Fe
2O
3Diaphragm, to keep the passive state of reinforcing bar,, also be not corrodible even exist the oxygen G﹠W on the steel surface this moment.Yet because concrete is a porous mass, the space of containing a series of apertures from the pore to the gel pore, also can there be small crack between cement stone and the aggregate, also may be in work progress or running owing to a variety of causes produces defective, when reinforced concrete structure is in the bar in chlorine salt solution, chlorion can infiltrate inside concrete and arrive rebar surface, when the chlorion of rebar surface reaches certain content, can destroy the passivating film of rebar surface and makes reinforcing bar begin corrosion.
Therefore, just can keep reinforcing bar forever to be in passive state and do not corrode as long as keep chloride ion content around the reinforcing bar less than the critical concentration of bringing out reinforcement corrosion.The present invention propose based on the corrosion protection technology of electric field resistance salt system exactly from this thinking, by external device (ED) reinforced concrete structure is applied certain electric field, to stop the intrusion of chlorion in the environment.
When steel concrete is in the bar in chlorine salt solution, extraneous chlorion since concentration gradient to the inside concrete diffusive migration, its migration is measured available following formula and is expressed:
D wherein
t=D
0(t
0/ t)
m
In the formula: D
tBe t chlorion diffusion coefficient in concrete during the time; D
0Be t fiducial time
0The time chloride diffusion coefficient that records; M is the time attenuation factor of diffusion coefficient; D
0Can also can get empirical value by test determination with m according to concrete mix; C is a chlorine ion concentration in the concrete.
Self has negative electrical charge chlorion, anode direction generation electromigration mass transfer under electric field action.Its migration amount meets following formula
In the formula: z is the chlorion electricity price, and F is the Faraday constant, and R is the Mole gas constant, and T is an absolute temperature, and V is the reinforcing bar current potential.
Therefore when being in steel concrete in the bar in chlorine salt solution and applying a cathode electric field, chlorion is inwardly migration under the concentration difference effect, and to external migration, its gross migration to inside concrete then is under electric field action:
When concentration field to the chlorion migration amount of inside concrete diffusion when equating owing to the outside migration amount of electric field action, chlorion just can't infiltrate in the environment.At 25 ℃, in the marine environment, the voltage that applies hundreds of mV between reinforcing bar and anode just is enough to effectively with retardance Cl in theory
-Inside migration under the concentration field effect, thus reinforcing bar lasting passivation condition on every side guaranteed.The present invention continues the electric field that provides reinforcing bar certain by external device (ED), and this device partly is made up of dc constant voltage power supply, anode system, cable etc.It implements schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can effectively stop the intrusion of chlorion in the environment, reach the lasting incorrosive purpose of the inner reinforcing bar of protection.This electric field resistance salt system, composition is simple, resistance salt is effective, and the protection life-span is long, is convenient to implement and maintenance management.
For the migration of the one dimension under uniform electric field E, according to Fick second law, in the concrete different depth place there be over time chlorine ion concentration:
By test determination water: cement: sand: stone is 0.45: 1: 1.75: 2.61 concrete chloride diffusion coefficients relation is in time seen formula (3):
D
t＝1.87×10
-12t
-0.29(3)
With formula (3) substitution formula (2); adopt Finite Element Method calculated when protective layer thickness be that the concrete structure of 50mm is in that to contain the villaumite amount be in 1.0% the environment, have or not adopt the protection of electric field resistance salt system concrete structure under arms after 1 year and 100 years the distribution of chloride ion content contrast and see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 has or not the concrete structure that adopts electric field resistance salt system (0V and 0.5V) chlorine ion concentration distribution curve when 1 year and 100 years;
Fig. 3 has or not the concrete structure that adopts electric field resistance salt system (0V and 1.0V) chlorine ion concentration distribution curve when 1 year and 100 years;
Fig. 4 is resistance salt effect test result;
Fig. 5 implements figure for electric field resistance salt system.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1; the electric field of reinforced concrete structure resistance protective salt technology in the bar in chlorine salt solution; the specific embodiments of the present invention in engineering seen Fig. 1 and Fig. 5: according to the size and dimension cutting anode of protected structure; described anode is made of with the some bus 1-1 that are fixedly connected on this main body jointly anode body 1; anode is fixed on the external surface of concrete structure; on anode, connect anode cable 3; connect cathode cable 4 on the reinforcing bar 2 in concrete 6; with cement mortar 7 anode is covered; anode cable 3 and cathode cable 4 are received the both positive and negative polarity of dc source 5 respectively; technical condition (protective layer thickness according to concrete structure; density); the design protection time limit; regulate the output voltage of dc source, output voltage is generally 0.5～1.0V, and the reinforcing bar current density is generally 0.3～0.7mA/m
2
By Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as seen, when concrete structure was in the bar in chlorine salt solution, chlorion invaded concrete very soon, inside concrete content is higher, and after adopting electric field resistance salt system, has stoped the intrusion of chlorion significantly, after 100 years, the depth of invasion of chlorion is less than 15mm even be on active service.When anode and cathode voltage is 1V, to be on active service after 100 years, top layer 5mm place chlorine ion concentration has only 0.02%.After adopting electric field resistance salt system, chloride ion content only under arms the initial stage penetrate into concrete surface layer, then along with the prolongation of active time, the infiltration capacity increase is very little, when voltage is 1V, chlorion distribution curve and 1 year overlap substantially in the time of 100 years.
At above-mentioned match ratio, topping is 50mm, and the Preliminary experiment results that is of a size of on the concrete component of 1000 * 800 * 80mm has confirmed that also electric field resistance salt system hinders salt effect (see figure 4) significantly.
For newly-built concrete structures guard technology in the bar in chlorine salt solution, the protection of electric field resistance salt system relatively sees Table 1 with the technical characterictic of similar technology (cathodic protection).
Table 1 electric field sun salt system and cathodic protection technical characterictic are relatively
Domestic economy fast development has in recent years particularly been built a large amount of reinforced concrete structures in the serious zone of coastal and western salt pollution, and these protection and restoration and protection work that are in seriously corroded zone reinforced concrete structure are shouldered heavy responsibilities.The corrosion of adopting electric field resistance salt system to be used for controlling the concrete reinforcing bar is with a wide range of applications.
Claims (6)
1. the electric field of protected by reinforced concrete structure resistance protective salt system in the bar in chlorine salt solution is provided with the anode that is arranged on the concrete structure top layer, and is provided with the anode cable that is connected on this anode in this system; Steel bars in concrete is as negative electrode, and be provided with the cathode cable that is connected on this reinforcing bar, and be provided with dc source simultaneously, it is characterized in that, the output voltage of the dc source between described anode and the negative electrode is 0.5～1V, and the current density in the described reinforcing bar is 0.3～0.7mA/m
2
2. the electric field of protected by reinforced concrete structure resistance salt system is characterized in that in the bar in chlorine salt solution according to claim 1, and described anode adopts insulation anchoring piece and the cement mortar concrete surface that is laid in.
3. the electric field of protected by reinforced concrete structure resistance salt system is characterized in that in the bar in chlorine salt solution according to claim 1, and described anode is made of jointly anode body and the some buss that are fixedly connected on this main body.
4. the electric field of protected by reinforced concrete structure resistance salt system is characterized in that the equidistant setting of each bus on the described anode body in the bar in chlorine salt solution according to claim 3.
5. the electric field of protected by reinforced concrete structure resistance salt system is characterized in that it is 10～20cm that described anode body is provided with spacing in the bar in chlorine salt solution according to claim 4, each bus distance 60～80cm is set.
6. according to the electric field resistance salt system of protected by reinforced concrete structure in the described bar in chlorine salt solution of one of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that described dc source is provided with the adjusting and the display unit of voltage, or the adjusting of electric current and display unit.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104046998A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-17 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Oriented reinforced concrete chloride ion absorption device convenient to install and change and method |
| CN105672499A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Device and method for performing construction by taking marine sand as concrete fine aggregates |
| CN105672498A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Device and method for performing construction by taking marine sand as concrete fine aggregates |
| CN105735465A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Reutilization method for building debris at coastal and island areas |
| CN109778821A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-21 | 傅程凯 | The construction method and maintenance process of reinforced concrete structure under marine environment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038481A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1990-01-03 | 水利电力部交通部南京水利科学研究院 | The conductive layer that is used for cathod protected reinforced concrete constructure |
| JP2003113484A (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-18 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Corrosion prevention system for reinforced concrete |
| CN101619596A (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2010-01-06 | 林州建总建筑工程有限公司 | Method for preventing indoor swimming pool with concrete structure from being eroded by chlorine gas |
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2010
- 2010-04-13 CN CN 201010145910 patent/CN101839024A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038481A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1990-01-03 | 水利电力部交通部南京水利科学研究院 | The conductive layer that is used for cathod protected reinforced concrete constructure |
| JP2003113484A (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-18 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Corrosion prevention system for reinforced concrete |
| CN101619596A (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2010-01-06 | 林州建总建筑工程有限公司 | Method for preventing indoor swimming pool with concrete structure from being eroded by chlorine gas |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《公路交通科技（应用技术版）》 20091231 戴福星 混凝土结构的腐蚀控制技术研究 第119-120页 1-6 , 第11期 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104046998A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-17 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Oriented reinforced concrete chloride ion absorption device convenient to install and change and method |
| CN105672499A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Device and method for performing construction by taking marine sand as concrete fine aggregates |
| CN105672498A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Device and method for performing construction by taking marine sand as concrete fine aggregates |
| CN105735465A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Reutilization method for building debris at coastal and island areas |
| CN109778821A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-21 | 傅程凯 | The construction method and maintenance process of reinforced concrete structure under marine environment |
| CN109778821B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-01-15 | 傅程凯 | Method for maintaining reinforced concrete structure in marine environment |
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Application publication date: 20100922 |