CN101838098A - Novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace - Google Patents
Novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN101838098A CN101838098A CN201010136263A CN201010136263A CN101838098A CN 101838098 A CN101838098 A CN 101838098A CN 201010136263 A CN201010136263 A CN 201010136263A CN 201010136263 A CN201010136263 A CN 201010136263A CN 101838098 A CN101838098 A CN 101838098A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace, which comprises a feed opening part, a melting part, a neck or throat part and a cooling part, wherein the feed opening, the melting part, the neck or throat part and the cooling part are connected with one another in succession; the melting part comprises a melting tank and breast walls arranged on two sides of the melting tank; the melting part is provided with a hot spot along the middle section of the feeding direction of glass liquid; the breast wall on each side of the melting part is at least provided with a flue and an oxy-fuel combustion gun, and the flues on the breast walls on the two sides of the melting part are opposite to each other, and the oxy-fuel combustion guns on the two sides are arranged in a staggered mode; and tank bottom of the melting tank of the melting part is provided with a plurality of pellet-shaped molybdenum electrodes. The novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace has the characteristics of having a simple structure, being easy to implement, being favorable for improving the heat efficiency of the glass melting furnace, reducing the discharge of NOx pollutants and the greenhouse gas CO2, improving the glass quality, saving the investment cost of the melting furnace, prolong the service life of the melting furnace and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the glass melter technical field, particularly relate to a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace.
Background technology
Usually glass melter adopts flame mostly, and common have regenerator horse shoe flame glass melter and a regenerator cross flame glass melter, and the combustion medium of these melting furnaces adopts air-breathing more.Yet, because when use air-breathing, have only in the air 20% oxygen really to participate in burning, all the other nitrogen of 80% and other gas do not participate in burning, and behind a large amount of heat of consumption with NO
xPollutant emission makes these melting furnaces not only cause severe contamination to atmosphere easily in atmosphere, and has reduced the thermo-efficiency of kiln.See also shown in Figure 1, since regenerator horse shoe flame glass melter the front end of its melting end need be provided with huge regenerator 1 ' and port 2 ', make these melting furnaces not only can consume a large amount of refractory materialss and material of construction, and need take bigger plant area, the kiln later stage also need spend high expense and come regenerator is safeguarded.See also shown in Figure 2 since regenerator cross flame glass melter need be provided with respectively in the both sides of its melting end huge regenerator 3 ' and port 4 ', make these melting furnaces can consume a large amount of refractory materialss and material of construction equally, and need take bigger plant area.Therefore so that two kinds of melting furnaces all obviously investment is bigger, be unfavorable for applying.
In order to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned glass melter, oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace arises at the historic moment.Notification number is that the patent application of CN201250168Y discloses a kind of oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace, its characteristics are, the full-oxygen combustion device that is provided with on the both sides breastwork of its melting end mainly is made of fuel burner and the total oxygen insufflator that is positioned at the fuel burner below, and fuel burner is external fuel source and total oxygen source of the gas respectively, the external total oxygen source of the gas of total oxygen insufflator.Though this glass melter can reach the purpose of full-oxygen combustion, but its full-oxygen combustion apparatus structure is complicated, and the oxygen that the total oxygen insufflator that is positioned at the fuel burner below is sprayed is unfavorable for the heat that fuel combustion produces is passed to admixtion and glass metal, also wants the absorption portion heat on the contrary.In addition, simple oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace because flame temperature height, radiation capacity are strong, the concentration height of alkali steam in the melting furnaces, to the erosion aggravation of melting furnaces refractory materials, thereby can shorten work-ing life of melting furnaces.Notification number is that the patent application of CN1762865A discloses a kind of electricity fusing-aid system that is used for the melting furnaces of glass-melting furnace, its characteristics are, a plurality of molybdenum electrode bars are located at the bottom of melting furnaces heating zone and cooling zone, and are along two opposition side end of melting furnaces bottom and are oppositely arranged.Though this glass melter can reach the purpose of electricity fusing-aid, used molybdenum electrode bar can rupture because of temperature vibration, does not have cooling infrastructure also can make stick electrode be subjected to the erosion of high temp glass liquid easily, and shorten work-ing life.
In a single day melting furnaces build up, and want to increase melting furnaces output, have only the melting furnaces of increasing heat supply, improve melting furnace temperature.Yet, for the flame melting furnaces,, be subjected to the restriction of melting furnaces refractory materials on the other hand even oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace is subjected to the burner combustion quantitative limitation on the one hand, promptly can not infinitely improve melting furnace temperature and increase output.Therefore, the oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of prior art is further improved.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace is provided, it can guarantee that the flame space temperature of oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace is unlikely too high, thereby reduce the concentration of alkali steam, with of the erosion of minimizing alkali steam to the melting furnaces refractory materials, and then the work-ing life of prolongation melting furnaces.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace comprises reinforced oral area, melting end, card neck or dog-hole portion and cooling end; Reinforced oral area, melting end, card neck or dog-hole portion, cooling end are connected in turn; The breastwork that this melting end comprises melting pool and is located at the melting pool both sides; This melting end is provided with focus along the stage casing of the direction of feed of glass metal; Also be provided with a flue and total oxygen at least and burn rifle on the breastwork of the every side of melting end, and the flue on this melting end both sides breastwork is and is oppositely arranged, the total oxygen of both sides burns rifle and is and shifts to install.
Flue on the breastwork of the every side of described melting end is 1～2, and it is 1～8 that total oxygen burns rifle.
Described flue is arranged on the breastwork near the zone, melting end stage casing of focus.
Described total oxygen burns rifle and is provided with second interface that first interface of an external fuel that is used for introducing fuel oil or combustion gas and are used for introducing the total oxygen gas of oxygen purity 〉=93%.
Described second interface is connected with the VSA oxygen generation system of the total oxygen source of the gas that oxygen purity 〉=93% can be provided.
Also be provided with a plurality of ball shape molybdenum electrodes at the bottom of the pond of the melting pool of described melting end; Each ball shape molybdenum electrode is separately positioned near first district of reinforced oral-lateral, is positioned at second district in melting end stage casing and the 3rd district of close card neck or dog-hole side, and the arrangement mode of each interior ball shape molybdenum electrode in district is for lining up two row near the both sides breastwork along the material direction of feed.
Ball shape molybdenum electrode in described each district is 2～15.
On described each ball shape molybdenum electrode watercooling jacket being housed also, being respectively equipped with the water-in and the water outlet that are connected with the cyclic softening water source device on this watercooling jacket, the temperature of this water outlet is made as≤and 50 ℃.
Described arrangement mode near the ball shape molybdenum electrode in the 3rd district of card neck or dog-hole side is along lining up delegation at least perpendicular to the direction of feed of glass metal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, compare with the oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of prior art, at first, because burning rifle, total oxygen of the present invention only needs external fuel (fuel oil or combustion gas) and total oxygen source of the gas, and do not need external total oxygen insufflator, it is simple in structure to make that total oxygen of the present invention burns rifle, is easy to realize, and effective save energy, thereby effectively reduce NO
xPollutent and greenhouse gases CO
2Discharging.In addition and since total oxygen burn rifle external fuel can adopt traditional supply mode, and the total oxygen source of the gas can be supplied with by the VSA oxygen generation system, and oxygen purity can reach more than 93%, so cost is lower.Second, because electricity fusing-aid of the present invention system comprises a plurality of ball shape molybdenum electrodes, and on electrode is located at the bottom of the pond of reinforced oral-lateral, central area, card neck or dog-hole side of melting end, power supply is connected to electrode, make electrode have certain power and in molten glass, produce joule heating, improve the temperature of molten glass, quicken the fusing of admixtion, the clarification and homogenization of glass metal.The 3rd, the ball shape molybdenum electrode heat resistanceheat resistant vibrations performance that the present invention adopts is good, can not rupture; Also be provided with watercooling jacket in the ball shape molybdenum electrode, can effectively prolong the life-span of ball shape molybdenum electrode, therefore, ball shape molybdenum electrode of the present invention can guarantee can both bring into play in the phase at whole kiln the effect of electricity fusing-aid.The 4th, because ball shape molybdenum electrode to the glass metal direct heating, can improve the temperature of bottom glass, improve the convection current of glass metal, make ball shape molybdenum electrode help the clarification and homogenization of glass metal, and can improve the output of melting furnaces, and the quality of glass metal.The 5th, because being located at the arrangement mode of the ball shape molybdenum electrode in card neck or dog-hole side the 3rd district is along line up delegation at least perpendicular to the direction of feed of glass metal, make the ball shape molybdenum electrode in this card neck or dog-hole side the 3rd district be equivalent to raise at temperature of glass liquid, when convection current strengthens, the barrier that laterally play a part one at melting furnaces, thereby can improve the horizontal and vertical convection current of glass metal, and prolong the residence time of glass metal in melting furnaces, minimizing is back to the glass liquid measure of melting end from cooling end, and then help the clarification and homogenization of glass metal, and reduce the energy consumption of melting furnaces.The 6th, because ball shape molybdenum electrode can improve the temperature of glass metal, make firing rate to reduce, and the quantity combusted minimizing can make the spatial altitude of flame suitably reduce, and promptly the height of breastwork can suitably reduce, so this not only can reduce firing rate, save energy further reduces NO
xPollutent and greenhouse gases CO
2Discharging, and can reduce the cost of melting furnaces.The 7th, because ball shape molybdenum electrode can improve the temperature of glass metal, make the temperature of flame space suitably to reduce, thereby can reduce the concentration of alkali steam, and reduce of the erosion of alkali steam the melting furnaces refractory materials, prolong the work-ing life of melting furnaces.The 8th, can complement one another or adjusting separately because flame heating and ball shape molybdenum electrode heat, so this has increased the operability of melting furnaces.
In sum, a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of the present invention has simple structure, is easy to realize, helps improving thermo-efficiency, the reduction NO of glass melter
xPollutent and greenhouse gases CO
2Discharging, improve glass quality, save the melting furnaces cost of investment and prolong characteristics such as melting furnaces work-ing life.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail; But a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of the present invention is not limited to embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the regenerator horse shoe flame glass melter of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the regenerator cross flame glass melter of prior art;
Fig. 3 is embodiment one structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is embodiment one transverse sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is embodiment two structural representations of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, sees also Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, and a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of the present invention comprises reinforced oral area J, melting end R, card neck or K of dog-hole portion and cooling end L; Reinforced oral area J, melting end R, card neck or the K of dog-hole portion, cooling end L are connected in turn; The breastwork X that this melting end R comprises melting pool and is located at the melting pool both sides; This melting end R is provided with focus along the stage casing of the direction of feed of glass metal; Also be respectively equipped with a flue F and 8 total oxygens burning rifles on the breastwork of melting end R both sides, wherein a side is total oxygen burning rifle S1, total oxygen burning rifle S2, total oxygen burning rifle S3, total oxygen burning rifle S4, total oxygen burning rifle S5, total oxygen burning rifle S6, total oxygen burning rifle S7, total oxygen burning rifle S8; Opposite side is that total oxygen burns rifle N1, total oxygen burns rifle N2, total oxygen burns rifle N3, total oxygen burns rifle N4, total oxygen burns rifle N5, total oxygen burns rifle N6, total oxygen burns rifle N7, total oxygen burns rifle N8, and the flue F on the breastwork of this melting end R both sides is and is oppositely arranged, the total oxygen of both sides burns rifle and is and shifts to install, and promptly total oxygen burns rifle S1, total oxygen burns rifle S2, total oxygen burns rifle S3, total oxygen burns rifle S4, total oxygen burns rifle S5, total oxygen burns rifle S6, total oxygen burns rifle S7, total oxygen burns rifle S8 and total oxygen burns rifle N1, total oxygen burns rifle N2, total oxygen burns rifle N3, total oxygen burns rifle N4, total oxygen burns rifle N5, total oxygen burns rifle N6, total oxygen burns rifle N7, total oxygen burns rifle N8 for shifting to install.
Wherein,
Described flue F is arranged on the breastwork near the zone, melting end R stage casing of focus;
Total oxygen on the breastwork of described both sides burns rifle S1～S8, N1～N8 is respectively equipped with second interface that first interface of an external fuel that is used for introducing fuel oil or combustion gas and are used for introducing the total oxygen gas of oxygen purity 〉=93%, (burning rifle S4 with total oxygen is example, and remaining total oxygen burns rifle S1 to burn rifle S4 as total oxygen among Fig. 4, total oxygen burns rifle S2, total oxygen burns rifle S3, total oxygen burns rifle S5, total oxygen burns rifle S6, total oxygen burns rifle S7, total oxygen burns rifle S8, total oxygen burns rifle N1, total oxygen burns rifle N2, total oxygen burns rifle N3, total oxygen burns rifle N4, total oxygen burns rifle N5, total oxygen burns rifle N6, total oxygen burns rifle N7, it is identical that total oxygen burns rifle N8) in be provided with second interface that first interface that is used for introducing fuel oil or combustion gas N and are used for introducing the total oxygen gas Y of oxygen purity 〉=93%;
Described second interface is connected with the VSA oxygen generation system of the total oxygen source of the gas that oxygen purity 〉=93% can be provided;
Also be provided with a plurality of ball shape molybdenum electrode D at the bottom of the pond of the melting pool of described melting end R on the C; Each ball shape molybdenum electrode D is separately positioned near first district of charging opening J one side, is positioned at the second district Z in melting end R stage casing and near the 3rd district of card neck or dog-hole K one side, and the arrangement mode of ball shape molybdenum electrode D is two row of lining up close both sides breastwork along the material direction of feed in each district; Be row promptly near a pleurobranch wall;
Ball shape molybdenum electrode D in described each district is 2～15;
Seeing also shown in Figure 4ly, on described each ball shape molybdenum electrode D watercooling jacket M is housed also, be respectively equipped with the water-in M1 and the water outlet M2 that are connected with the cyclic softening water source device on this watercooling jacket M, the temperature of this water outlet M2 is made as≤and 50 ℃; Also be provided with a port P who is connected with power supply among each ball shape molybdenum electrode D.
A kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of the present invention, has following some advantage: at first, because it (is that total oxygen burns rifle S1 that its total oxygen burns rifle, total oxygen burns rifle S2, total oxygen burns rifle S3, total oxygen burns rifle S4, total oxygen burns rifle S5, total oxygen burns rifle S6, total oxygen burns rifle S7, total oxygen burns rifle S8, total oxygen burns rifle N1, total oxygen burns rifle N2, total oxygen burns rifle N3, total oxygen burns rifle N4, total oxygen burns rifle N5, total oxygen burns rifle N6, total oxygen burns rifle N7, total oxygen burning rifle N8) only needs external fuel (fuel oil or combustion gas) and total oxygen source of the gas, and do not need external total oxygen insufflator, it is simple in structure to make that total oxygen of the present invention burns rifle, be easy to realize, and effective save energy, thereby effectively reduce NO
xPollutent and greenhouse gases CO
2Discharging.In addition and since total oxygen burn rifle S1～S8, N1～N8 external fuel can adopt traditional supply mode, and the total oxygen source of the gas can be supplied with by the VSA oxygen generation system, and oxygen purity can reach more than 93%, so cost is lower.The second, because its electricity fusing-aid system comprises a plurality of ball shape molybdenum electrode D, and ball shape molybdenum electrode D heat resistanceheat resistant vibrations performance is good, can not rupture; Also be provided with watercooling jacket M among the ball shape molybdenum electrode D, can effectively prolong the life-span of ball shape molybdenum electrode D, therefore, ball shape molybdenum electrode D of the present invention can guarantee can both bring into play in the phase at whole kiln the effect of electricity fusing-aid.The 3rd, because ball shape molybdenum electrode D to the glass metal direct heating, can improve the temperature of bottom glass, improve the convection current of glass metal, make ball shape molybdenum electrode D help the clarification and homogenization of glass metal, and can improve the output of melting furnaces, and the quality of glass metal.The 4th, because ball shape molybdenum electrode D can improve the temperature of glass metal, make firing rate to reduce, and the quantity combusted minimizing can make the spatial altitude of flame suitably reduce, and promptly the height of breastwork X can suitably reduce, so this not only can reduce firing rate, save energy further reduces NO
xPollutent and greenhouse gases CO
2Discharging, and can reduce the cost of melting furnaces.The 5th, because ball shape molybdenum electrode D can improve the temperature of glass metal, make the temperature of flame space suitably to reduce, thereby can reduce the concentration of alkali steam, and reduce of the erosion of alkali steam the melting furnaces refractory materials, prolong the work-ing life of melting furnaces.The 6th, can complement one another or adjusting separately because flame heating and ball shape molybdenum electrode D heat, so this has increased the operability of melting furnaces.For example, can increase or reduce the consumption of fuel or electricity according to actual needs separately.
Embodiment two, a kind of novel oxy-fuel glass melter of the present invention, see also shown in Figure 5ly, the difference of itself and embodiment one is: its arrangement mode that is located near the ball shape molybdenum electrode D ' in the 3rd district of card neck or dog-hole K side is capable along line up two perpendicular to the direction of feed of glass metal.Obviously, this arrangement mode that is located at the ball shape molybdenum electrode D ' in card neck or dog-hole K side the 3rd district helps ball shape molybdenum electrode D ' in the temperature of glass liquid rising, when convection current strengthens, be equivalent to the horizontal barrier that plays a part one at melting furnaces, thereby can improve the horizontal and vertical convection current of glass metal, and prolong the residence time of glass metal in melting furnaces, minimizing is back to the glass liquid measure of melting end R from cooling end L, and then helps the clarification and homogenization of glass metal, and reduces the energy consumption of melting furnaces.
In sum, a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of the present invention has simple structure, is easy to realize, helps improving thermo-efficiency, the reduction NO of glass melter
xPollutent and greenhouse gases CO
2Discharging, improve glass quality, save the melting furnaces cost of investment and prolong characteristics such as melting furnaces work-ing life.
The foregoing description only is used for further specifying a kind of novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to embodiment; every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all falls in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.
Claims (9)
1. a novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace comprises reinforced oral area, melting end, card neck or dog-hole portion and cooling end; Reinforced oral area, melting end, card neck or dog-hole portion, cooling end are connected in turn; The breastwork that this melting end comprises melting pool and is located at the melting pool both sides; This melting end is provided with focus along the stage casing of the direction of feed of glass metal; It is characterized in that: also be provided with a flue and total oxygen at least and burn rifle on the breastwork of the every side of melting end, and the flue on this melting end both sides breastwork is and is oppositely arranged, the total oxygen of both sides burns rifle and is and shifts to install.
2. novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the flue on the breastwork of the every side of described melting end is 1～2, and it is 1～8 that total oxygen burns rifle.
3. novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described flue is arranged on the breastwork near the zone, melting end stage casing of focus.
4. novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described total oxygen burns rifle and is provided with second interface that first interface of an external fuel that is used for introducing fuel oil or combustion gas and are used for introducing the total oxygen gas of oxygen purity 〉=93%.
5. novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described second interface is connected with the VSA oxygen generation system of the total oxygen source of the gas that oxygen purity 〉=93% can be provided.
6. novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with a plurality of ball shape molybdenum electrodes at the bottom of the pond of the melting pool of described melting end; Each ball shape molybdenum electrode is separately positioned near first district of reinforced oral-lateral, is positioned at second district in melting end stage casing and the 3rd district of close card neck or dog-hole side, and the arrangement mode of each interior ball shape molybdenum electrode in district is for lining up two row near the both sides breastwork along the material direction of feed.
7. novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the ball shape molybdenum electrode in described each district is 2～15.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnaces, it is characterized in that: on described each ball shape molybdenum electrode watercooling jacket is housed also, being respectively equipped with the water-in and the water outlet that are connected with the cyclic softening water source device on this watercooling jacket, the temperature of this water outlet is made as≤and 50 ℃.
9. novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described arrangement mode near the ball shape molybdenum electrode in the 3rd district of card neck or dog-hole side is along lining up delegation at least perpendicular to the direction of feed of glass metal.
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| CN102910799A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-02-06 | 芜湖东旭光电科技有限公司 | Heating electrode and alkali-free boron-free aluminosilicate glass melting furnace with same |
| CN105884171A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-08-24 | 肖自江 | Longitudinal flame and transverse oxygen-fuel combustion energy-saving environment-friendly glass melting method and melting furnace |
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| CN105884171B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2018-08-14 | 肖自江 | Longitudinal flame adds lateral all-oxygen combustion energy-saving environment-friendly glass melting method and melting furnaces |
| CN107840560A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-27 | 江西金凤凰纳米微晶有限公司 | A kind of novel nano micro-crystal plate production system |
| CN107867791A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-03 | 九江金凤凰装饰材料有限公司 | A kind of kiln and melting method of the production of nano microcrystalline sheet material |
| CN108439767A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-08-24 | 清远忠信世纪玻纤有限公司 | A technique for it is melted for glass fibre |
| CN110818225A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 中建材蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院有限公司 | Wide-body melting furnace for electronic display glass production |
| CN110818225B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-02-18 | 中建材蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院有限公司 | Wide-body melting furnace for electronic display glass production |
| CN112608009A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | 成都中光电科技有限公司 | Control method of nitric oxide in TFT-LCD (thin film transistor-liquid crystal display) liquid crystal glass kiln |
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Application publication date: 20100922 Assignee: Zhuzhou Kibing Group Stock Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhuzhou flag group Limited by Share Ltd|Zhangzhou flag Glass Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2013430000101 Denomination of invention: Novel oxy-fuel combustion glass melting furnace Granted publication date: 20130213 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20130709 |
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