CN101837499B - Electric welding method for hard alloy and steel - Google Patents
Electric welding method for hard alloy and steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101837499B CN101837499B CN2010102033410A CN201010203341A CN101837499B CN 101837499 B CN101837499 B CN 101837499B CN 2010102033410 A CN2010102033410 A CN 2010102033410A CN 201010203341 A CN201010203341 A CN 201010203341A CN 101837499 B CN101837499 B CN 101837499B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric welding method for a hard alloy and steel and belongs to the technical field of welding. The electric welding method comprises the following steps of: A, preheating hard alloy blocks to the temperature of between 500 and 800 DEG C, preheating the steel to the temperature of between 200 and 400 DEG C, and preheating welding rods to the temperature of between 100 and 300 DEG C; and B, a performing electric welding on the hard alloy blocks and the steel by adopting an electric welder and using the welding rods, and slowly cooling to the room temperature in lime powder or an insulation can. The electric welding method has the advantages of convenient use and wide application range, is favorable for improving the intensity and temperature resistance between the hard alloy and steel-based metal welding joint, is applied to the hard alloy welding on tunneling tool bits of mining machinery and subway tunnel shield machines, boring bits, drilling tools, engineering machine shovel teeth, and other tools, and is also favorable for further development and application of the hard alloy in high level industry products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric welding method, be meant the electric welding method of a kind of carbide alloy and steel specifically.Belong to welding technology field.
Background technology
China is maximum in the world CEMENTED CARBIDE PRODUCTION and country of consumption at present.Quickening along with China's industrialization and modernization, carbide alloy in the application meeting of industrial circle more and more widely, and a kind of important method that welding is connected with the base steel metal as carbide alloy, it will play an increasingly important role in the application of wide exploitation carbide alloy.
Because the high-melting-point of carbide alloy and and the physical property of parent metal differ bigger, traditional soldering tech is still the main method that connects carbide alloy and base steel metal, wherein application is the most general is still gas brazing and induction brazing.Gas brazing has intrinsic shortcomings such as sword sheet sealing-off rate height, the burning tendency is big, efficient is low.The shortcoming of induction brazing is to need special equipment and complex process, and when the big thick workpiece of soldering, heating-up temperature is inhomogeneous, is difficult to guarantee brazing quality, and efficient is also low, so generally only be applicable to the simple small size weldment of braze-welded structure pattern.The same substantially soldering of other solderings such as stove, laser braze welding, resistance brazing or the like.Yet for soldering processes, its strength of joint and heatproof degree are not high, and (especially be on active service under the high-strength load of complexity mine engineering machinery) is the subject matter that requires study and solve.
The drilling tool of mine, oil exploitation by the steel carcass with combine than the polylith carbide alloy, the welding of the two is the key technology that such instrument is made.Yet up to now, the welding of this class instrument in engineering is used is still based on manual oxygen one acetylene torch soldering.Although gas brazing has intrinsic shortcomings such as sword sheet sealing-off rate height, the burning tendency is big, efficient is low.Done researchs such as vacuum brazing, diffusion welding (DW), Laser Welding though be no lack of the someone, all be difficult to popularization and application because of the special frock of needs or other special collateral conditions.Trace it to its cause, the one, exist brazing quality to be difficult to guarantee complex technical process, the problem that strength of welded joint and heatproof degree are not high.The 2nd, have that the complicated investment of diffusion welding (DW) equipment is big, production efficiency is low and problem such as cost height.Obviously, welding has stronger adaptability to SMAW to the instrument of multiple-cutting-edge sheet, and bigger leeway is arranged aspect the above-mentioned inherent defect of soldering overcoming.In September calendar year 2001, the Ren Dengyi of Shandong University's college of materials science and engineering, Ren Wa and Qin Mingjun have delivered the article of " research of WC-Co carbide electrode arc welding " on 37 the 9th phases of volume at the mechanical engineering journal.Having proposed is the WC-Co carbide electrode of Main Ingredients and Appearance with the metallic nickel, with the test specimen and the crack resistance test specimen of DC welder 130A electric current weldering system TG8, TG15 and No. 45 steel combinations, not preheating before the test specimen weldering, postwelding air cooling.Every section hammering stress-removal of crack resistance test specimen postwelding.But because the physical property of carbide alloy and steel differs bigger, particularly difference of thermal expansion coefficients is bigger, adopts the internal stress of this method welding back hard alloy blocks bigger, very easily produces fragment and seminess.
Chinese patent publication number: CN 101585117, open day: on November 25th, 2009, denomination of invention " a kind of welding rod and welding method thereof that is used to weld carbide alloy and steel part ", proposed before the weldering steel part to be preheated to 400 ℃-450 ℃ in box type heater, place stove to be preheated to 250 ℃-300 ℃ hard metal tip, adopt the welding rod of conventional DC welding machine and carbide alloy and steel part to weld, postwelding places the incubator about 300 ℃ to naturally cool to the welding method of taking out until room temperature weldment.Its fusion welding metal has red hardness and patience under 500～600 ℃ of temperature, solved the alloy that is applied in the high temperature and the Welding Problems between the steel.This welding method need adopt special-purpose welding rod, only is suitable for the welding of WC-Co serial carbide alloy piece and steel substrate, and the limitation of welding is bigger, and application surface is narrower.
Summary of the invention
It is bigger to the objective of the invention is to overcome the limitation that has the welding method welding now, defective that application surface is narrower and deficiency.Provide a kind of method easy, be suitable for the carbide alloy of various welding rods and carbide alloy series and the electric welding method of steel.
The solution of technology of the present invention is: the electric welding method of carbide alloy and steel comprises the steps:
A. hard alloy blocks is preheated to 500 ℃～800 ℃, steel preheating to 200 ℃～400 ℃, welding rod is preheated to 100 ℃～300 ℃;
B. adopt electric welding machine with welding rod hard alloy blocks and steel to be carried out the electric welding welding, postwelding slowly cools to room temperature in pulverized limestone or incubator.
Described hard alloy blocks is preheated to 500 ℃～800 ℃, steel preheating to 200 ℃～400 ℃, and welding rod is preheated to 100 ℃～300 ℃.
Described hard alloy blocks is WC-Go serial carbide alloy piece or Ti alloy series hard alloy blocks.
Described welding rod is ordinary carbon steel welding rod or pure nickel electrode or electrode for cast iron or tungsten carbide filler rod.
Described steel are carbon steel or steel alloy.
Described steel are No. 45 steel or 42CrMo steel.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the invention process is easy to process, easy, and equipment is simply common, and is workable, particularly on the intensity and resistance to elevated temperatures of welding position, be other welding methods can't compare.The present invention can make those requirements bear thump load and require the manufacturing of resistant to elevated temperatures sintered-carbide tool to be achieved.Be suitable for the driving cutter head of mining machinery, subway tunnel shield machine, geological drilling drill bit, drilling tool, the carbide alloy welding on the instruments such as engineering machinery teeth.The inventive method is easy to use, has wide range of applications, and helps improving the intensity and the temperature resistant capability of carbide alloy and base steel metal welding joints, also helps the further Application and Development of carbide alloy in high-end industrial products.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with description of drawings and the specific embodiment.
The electric welding method of carbide alloy of the present invention and steel comprises the steps:
A. hard alloy blocks is preheated to 500 ℃～800 ℃, steel preheating to 200 ℃～400 ℃, welding rod is preheated to 100 ℃～300 ℃;
B. adopt electric welding machine with welding rod hard alloy blocks and steel to be carried out the electric welding welding, postwelding slowly cools to room temperature in pulverized limestone or incubator.
Preferably described hard alloy blocks is preheated to 650 ℃, steel preheating to 300 ℃, welding rod is preheated to 150 ℃.Described hard alloy blocks is WC-Go serial carbide alloy piece or Ti alloy series hard alloy blocks.Described welding rod is ordinary carbon steel welding rod or pure nickel electrode or electrode for cast iron or tungsten carbide filler rod.Described steel are carbon steel or steel alloy.As No. 45 steel or 42CrMo steel.
Embodiment 1
Welding method of the present invention, adopting commercially available diameter is 3.2 millimeters J422 ordinary carbon steel welding rod, adopt No. 45 steel as the welding base material, carbide alloy is selected the YG8 hard alloy blocks of WC-Co series for use, the length of YG8 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 22 * 32 millimeters, before the weldering with hard alloy blocks preheating or be preheated to 590 ℃～610 ℃ in box type heater with blowtorch, No. 45 steel substrate is preheating to 200 ℃～210 ℃, J422 ordinary carbon steel welding rod is preheating to 100 ℃～110 ℃, during welding, the YG8 hard alloy blocks is placed on No. 45 steel substrates, adopt J422 ordinary carbon steel welding rod and conventional DC welding machine to weld, welding current: 120A～130A, postwelding place weldment the incubator about 400 ℃ at once, and slowly cooling gets final product until the room temperature taking-up naturally.
Embodiment 2
Use welding method of the present invention, the YG8 hard alloy blocks of WC-Co series is welded on the pick palm of railway bed tamping pickaxe with electric welding, the commercially available diameter of welding rod employing is 3.2 millimeters a Z308 electrode for cast iron, the pick palm of tamping pickaxe adopts the 42CrMo steel to make, promptly adopt the 42CrMo steel as the welding base material, the length of YG8 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 22 * 32 millimeters, before the weldering with the preheating or be preheated to 790 ℃～800 ℃ in box type heater of YG8 hard alloy blocks with blowtorch, the pick palm is preheating to 390 ℃～400 ℃, the Z308 electrode for cast iron is preheating to 290 ℃～300 ℃, during welding, the YG8 hard alloy blocks is placed the pick palm of tamping pickaxe, adopt Z308 welding rod and conventional DC welding machine to weld welding current: 120A～125A, postwelding is embedded in weldment in the pulverized limestone at once, takes out until room temperature to get final product.
Embodiment 3
Use welding method of the present invention, the YG8 hard alloy blocks of WC-Co series is welded on the pick palm of railway bed tamping pickaxe with electric welding, the commercially available diameter of welding rod employing is 3.2 millimeters a D707 tungsten carbide filler rod, the pick palm of tamping pickaxe adopts the 42CrMo steel to make, promptly adopt the 42CrMo steel as the welding base material, the length of YG8 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 22 * 32 millimeters, before the weldering with the preheating or be preheated to 650 ℃～660 ℃ in box type heater of YG8 hard alloy blocks with blowtorch, the pick palm is preheating to 300 ℃～310 ℃, the D707 tungsten carbide filler rod is preheating to 150 ℃～160 ℃, during welding, the YG8 hard alloy blocks is placed the pick palm of tamping pickaxe, adopt D707 tungsten carbide filler rod and conventional DC welding machine to weld, welding current: 120A～125A, postwelding places weldment the incubator about 400 ℃ at once, and incubator stops heating and cooling naturally, takes out until room temperature to get final product.
Embodiment 4
Welding method of the present invention, adopting commercially available diameter is 3.2 millimeters J422 ordinary carbon steel welding rod, adopt No. 45 steel as the welding base material, carbide alloy is selected the YT15 hard alloy blocks of Ti series for use, the length of YT15 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 10 * 20 millimeters, before the weldering with the preheating or be preheated to 750 ℃～760 ℃ in box type heater of YT15 hard alloy blocks with blowtorch, No. 45 steel substrate is preheating to 350 ℃～360 ℃, J422 ordinary carbon steel welding rod is preheating to 250 ℃～260 ℃, during welding, the YT15 hard alloy blocks is placed on No. 45 steel substrates, adopt J422 ordinary carbon steel welding rod and conventional DC welding machine to weld, welding current: 120A～130A, postwelding place weldment the incubator about 400 ℃ at once, and slowly cooling gets final product until the room temperature taking-up naturally.
Embodiment 5
Use welding method of the present invention, the YT15 hard alloy blocks of Ti series is welded on the pick palm of railway bed tamping pickaxe with electric welding, the commercially available diameter of welding rod employing is 3.2 millimeters a Z308 electrode for cast iron, the pick palm of tamping pickaxe adopts the 42CrMo steel to make, promptly adopt the 42CrMo steel as the welding base material, the length of YT15 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 40 * 60 millimeters, before the weldering with the preheating or be preheated to 500 ℃～510 ℃ in box type heater of YT15 hard alloy blocks with blowtorch, the pick palm is preheating to 290 ℃～300 ℃, the Z308 electrode for cast iron is preheated to 200 ℃～210 ℃, during welding, the YT15 hard alloy blocks is placed the pick palm of tamping pickaxe, adopt Z308 electrode for cast iron and conventional DC welding machine to weld, welding current: 125A～130A, postwelding is embedded in the weldment weldment in the pulverized limestone at once, and slowly cooling gets final product until the room temperature taking-up naturally.
Embodiment 6
Use welding method of the present invention, the YT15 hard alloy blocks of Ti series is welded on the pick palm of railway bed tamping pickaxe with electric welding, the commercially available diameter of welding rod employing is 3.2 millimeters a D707 tungsten carbide filler rod, the pick palm of tamping pickaxe adopts No. 45 steel to make, promptly adopt No. 45 steel as the welding base material, the length of YT15 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 22 * 32 millimeters, before the weldering YT15 hard alloy blocks is preheated to 600 ℃～610 ℃ in box type heater, the pick palm is preheating to 250 ℃～260 ℃, the D707 tungsten carbide filler rod is preheating to 150 ℃～160 ℃, during welding, the YT15 hard alloy blocks is placed the pick palm of tamping pickaxe, adopt D707 tungsten carbide filler rod and conventional DC welding machine to weld, welding current: 120A～125A, postwelding places weldment the incubator about 600 ℃ at once, and incubator stops heating and cooling naturally, takes out until room temperature to get final product.
Embodiment 7
Use welding method of the present invention, the YT15 hard alloy blocks of Ti series is welded on the pick palm of railway bed tamping pickaxe with electric welding, the pure nickel electrode that the prescription of announcing in the article of welding rod by mechanical engineering journal 37 volumes the 9th phase " research of WC-Co carbide electrode arc welding " is made, diameter is 3.2 millimeters, the pick palm of tamping pickaxe adopts the 42CrMo steel to make, promptly adopt the 42CrMo steel as the welding base material, the length of YT15 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 22 * 32 millimeters, before the weldering with the preheating or be preheated to 550 ℃～560 ℃ in box type heater of YT15 hard alloy blocks with blowtorch, the pick palm is preheating to 340 ℃～350 ℃, pure nickel electrode is preheating to 170 ℃～180 ℃, during welding, the YT15 hard alloy blocks is placed the pick palm of tamping pickaxe, adopt pure nickel electrode and conventional DC welding machine to weld, welding current: 120A～125A, postwelding are embedded in weldment in the pulverized limestone at once, and slowly cooling gets final product until the room temperature taking-up naturally.
Embodiment 8
Use welding method of the present invention, the YT15 hard alloy blocks of Ti series is welded on the pick palm of railway bed tamping pickaxe with electric welding, welding rod is pressed the welding rod of the prescription making of announcing among Chinese patent publication number: the CN 101585117, diameter is 3.2 millimeters, the pick palm of tamping pickaxe adopts No. 45 steel to make, promptly adopt No. 45 steel as the welding base material, the length of YT15 hard alloy blocks * wide is of a size of 22 * 32 millimeters, before the weldering with the preheating or be preheated to 640 ℃～650 ℃ in box type heater of YT15 hard alloy blocks with blowtorch, the pick palm is preheating to 295 ℃～300 ℃, welding rod is preheating to 145 ℃～150 ℃, during welding, the YT15 hard alloy blocks is placed the pick palm of tamping pickaxe, adopt welding rod and conventional DC welding machine to weld welding current: 120A～125A, postwelding place weldment the incubator about 300 ℃ at once, incubator stops heating and cooling naturally, takes out until room temperature to get final product.
Weldment to above embodiment welding is the result that damaging impact is tested, and the alloy arm of angle falls piece or breaks (test of brazing alloy damaging impact generally comes off along the welding plane) along upper end, welding plane, and weld seam is not seen crackle.Repeated test, serviceability rate is more than 95% after the above-mentioned carbide alloy block welding.Wherein the shock resistance with the welding of Z308 welding rod is the best, and the D707 welding rod takes second place, and the J422 welding rod is worst.YG8 hard alloy blocks and YT15 hard alloy blocks are not seen obvious difference.
Claims (6)
1. the electric welding method of carbide alloy and steel is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. hard alloy blocks is preheated to 500 ℃～800 ℃, steel preheating to 200 ℃～400 ℃, welding rod is preheated to 100 ℃～300 ℃;
B. adopt electric welding machine with welding rod hard alloy blocks and steel to be carried out the electric welding welding, postwelding slowly cools to room temperature in pulverized limestone or incubator.
2. the electric welding method of carbide alloy according to claim 1 and steel is characterized in that: described hard alloy blocks is preheated to 650 ℃, steel preheating to 300 ℃, and welding rod is preheated to 150 ℃.
3. the electric welding method of carbide alloy according to claim 1 and 2 and steel is characterized in that: described hard alloy blocks is WC-Co serial carbide alloy piece or Ti alloy series hard alloy blocks.
4. the electric welding method of carbide alloy according to claim 1 and 2 and steel is characterized in that: described welding rod is ordinary carbon steel welding rod or pure nickel electrode or electrode for cast iron or tungsten carbide filler rod.
5. the electric welding method of carbide alloy according to claim 1 and steel is characterized in that: described steel are carbon steel or steel alloy.
6. the electric welding method of carbide alloy according to claim 5 and steel is characterized in that: described steel are No. 45 steel or 42CrMo steel.
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| CN2010102033410A CN101837499B (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2010-06-18 | Electric welding method for hard alloy and steel |
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| CN101837499B true CN101837499B (en) | 2011-12-07 |
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| CN102922170A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Filling material for electronic beam welding of hard alloy and steel |
| CN102935561A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-02-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Filling material for welding hard alloy and steel by electron beam |
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| CN110303226B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-03-12 | 河南省煤科院耐磨技术有限公司 | Method for inlaying hard alloy block |
| CN110625144A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-31 | 宁波红日工具有限公司 | Cutter and welding process thereof |
| CN110919221A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-27 | 常熟市恒丰机械制造有限公司 | Welding process of front shield of shield tunneling machine |
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