CN101837242A - Acousto-optic coupling annular gap photocatalytic fluidized bed VOCs degrading device - Google Patents
Acousto-optic coupling annular gap photocatalytic fluidized bed VOCs degrading device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of gas-solid fluidized bed reactors, and relates to an acousto-optic coupling annular gap photocatalytic fluidized bed VOCs (volatile organic compounds) degrading device. A main body comprises a gas outlet, a gas inlet, a gas inlet pre-distribution plate (inner ring) and a catalyst grain baffle plate (outer ring), an organic glass tube, a quartz glass tube, an ultraviolet lamp, a reactor gas inlet distribution plate, a lamp tube mounting base, a test port, a loudspeaker, a fan, a gas collocation device, a sound wave amplifier, a signal generator, a gas collecting chamber, a gas premixing chamber, a gas inlet passage, an annular gap fluidized bed reaction area and a gas distribution chamber; and the devices form the photocatalytic gaseous contaminant VOCs degrading device with a columnar nested structure through principle reliability combination. The device has the advantages of wide operation area, reliable and convenient operation, simple regeneration of catalyst grains, low oxidation selectivity on gaseous contaminants, good treatment effect and prominent stable fluidization; and reactors can be connected in series or in parallel for use, and the device is suitable for high-concentration VOCs places.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor field, relate to a kind of acousto-optic coupling annular gap photocatalytic fluidized bed VOCs degrading device, be suitable for handling the device of place VOCs gaseous contaminants such as room, office room, large supermarket, tunnel.
Background technology:
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is about indoor air quality (Indoor air quality, IAQ) a series of long term investigation results show, in many civilian and commercial buildings, the concentration level of pollutant is the several times to ten times of outdoor concentration, in new building even above 100 times, yet the modern on average has time of 90% to spend indoor, and this shows that IAQ is important far beyond outdoor air to the influence of human health.1987, U.S. EPA confirmed that room air pollution is one of maximum environmental crisis.Therefore, the IAQ problem has caused widely to be paid close attention to, and has become a research focus in the architectural environment field.At present, cause that the abominable main cause of IAQ has two: the one, the deficiency of ventilation, 20 beginnings of the century, people have begun to adopt the method for ventilation to improve indoor air environment, the people that appear as of refrigerated air-conditioning system had created comfortable indoor environment afterwards, but because the global energy crisis of the seventies makes this major power consumer of refrigerated air-conditioning system face serious test, the energy-saving and cost-reducing key link that becomes design of air conditioning, one of conservation measures are exactly to reduce the resh air requirement of entering the room; The 2nd, a large amount of uses of synthetic building material and finishing material, after the seventies in 20th century, chemical industry and material industry develop rapidly, a large amount of synthetic materials has appearred as construction material and finishing material, and these materials can discharge pernicious gas such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethanol and chloroform etc., people in the deterioration of indoor air environment causes building have uncomfortable sensation, dizzy, irritated, feel sick even the generation disease, caused following three kinds of main illnesss: Cure of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS), with building diseases associated (BRI) and number of chemical pollutant allergy (MCS).
To Qinghua of indoor environment, traditional treatment technology such as absorption, ventilation, filtration, burning etc. are handled these low concentration pollutants and are had problems such as the quite high or effect of expense is not good enough.Photocatalysis technology is that a kind of photoproduction strong oxidizer that utilizes becomes H with the organic pollution exhaustive oxidation
2O, CO
2Etc. micromolecular high-level oxidation technology, this technology has the reaction condition gentleness, and equipment is simple, easy operating, and low concentration pollutant or vapor phase contaminants had advantages such as good effect of removing; In addition, have catalyst material and be easy to get, operating cost is low, can utilize sunshine as advantages such as catalysis light sources, is a kind of very promising pollution control technology.Photocatalysis fluid bed reactor be with the photocatalysis technology grafting on fluidized-bed reactor and the design a kind of novel reactor, compare with traditional photocatalysis plank frame or monolithic construction reactor, it is big to have illuminating area, reactant contacts effective with the catalyst granules surface, the mass-transfer efficiency height, therefore advantages such as catalyst reusable edible have higher gas pollutant clearance.The recyclability of catalyst granules, improved the use value of reactor, but nano titanic oxide catalyst belongs to Geldart C class particle, has strong model ylid bloom action power, cause producing serious particle agglomeration and channeling when grain fluidized, even be difficult to fluidisation.In order to overcome relatively poor situation and the stabilization of fluidizedization of contact between the gas-solid two-phase, adopt the auxiliary fluidisation of oscillator field, magnetic field or sound field, reunite and the elimination channel with crushed particles, realize the stabilization fluid of C class cohesive particle.Simultaneously, the outfield can also reduce the elutriation amount of the minimum fluidization velocity and the particle of particle.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, seek to design a kind of with low concentration VOCs and air Mixture as fluidizing gas, uviol lamp is installed on the axis of fluid bed, utilize the broken nano-photocatalyst particle agglomeration of sound field, the effective of ultraviolet light, reactant and catalyst who strengthens photocatalysis annular space fluidized-bed reactor contacts, reach catalytic reactor continuously, the effect of efficient degradation multiple indoor VOCs; The device of a kind of sound field and light irradiation coupling gas-solid photocatalysis annular space fluid bed degraded VOCs is provided, to realize the room, office room, the processing of place gaseous contaminants such as large supermarket, can not cause secondary pollution, solved the photocatalysis plank frame, the illuminating area of tubular structure and monolithic construction reactor is little, the bottleneck problem that mass-transfer efficiency is low, improve the channel of the grain fluidized existence of nanocatalyst in traditional fluid bed, elutriation is serious, operating gas velocity is high and power consumption is big even be difficult to technical problem such as fluidisation, by optimizing bed height, the frequency of gas flow and sound field and sound pressure level and other operating parameter (gas humidities, the concentration of pollutant and kind, light intensity, air flow inlet distribution hole yardstick, catalyst consumption and granularity), the removal effect of realization gaseous contaminant.
To achieve these goals, main structure body of the present invention comprises gas vent, gas access, the pre-distribution grid of air inlet (interior ring) and catalyst granules baffle plate (outer shroud), lucite tube, quartz glass tube, uviol lamp, reactor air inlet distribution grid, fluorescent tube mounting seat, test port, loudspeaker, blower fan, gas configuration device, acoustic amplifier and signal generator, and gas collection chamber, gas pre-mixed chamber, inlet channel, annular space fluidized bed reaction zone and the gas distributing chamber of closing; Each device or member constitute the photocatalytic degradation gaseous contaminant VOCs device or the reactor of column nesting type structure through the principle reliability; Gas vent is positioned at the top center position of gas reactor collecting chamber, and the sidewall locations that gas collection chamber's sidewall is connected in the gas reactor premixing cavity is passed in the gas access; The gas pre-mixed chamber of closing is nested in the gas collection chamber; Integrated air inlet distribution grid of integral annular porous plate and catalyst granules baffle plate, catalyst granules baffle plate and gas collection chamber and gas premixing cavity wall are fixed; Ring guarantees that for the air inlet porous plate that distributes in advance gas and sound wave evenly enter the fluidisation system in the integral annular porous plate, and outer shroud is the catalyst granules baffle plate, guarantees that catalyst granules is not with the carrier gas outflow reactor; Quartz glass tube is coaxial to be nested in the lucite tube, quartz glass tube and lucite tube upper end join with catalyst granules baffle plate inner periphery and the outer periphery justified margin respectively, quartz glass tube and lucite tube lower end join with the outer edge of the reactor air inlet distribution grid of annular gas distribution multiaperture-type respectively, the column annular region that constitutes is a fluidized bed reaction zone, and catalyst granules is filled in the reaction zone; Uviol lamp is positioned on the axis of quartz glass tube, the fluorescent tube upper end supply socket of uviol lamp is fixed on the center of the reactor air inlet distribution grid of integral annular gas multiaperture-type, the bottom centre position of the pre-distributing chamber of gas is fixed in the lower end supply socket, be convenient to installation and removal, adopt spring spool installation system to fix; The column annular region that uviol lamp and quartz glass tube constitute is the inlet channel that gas enters reactor, and inlet channel is communicated with the pre-distributing chamber of gas; Ring diameter is 160-220mm in the gas reactor distribution grid of annular gas distribution multiaperture-type, and outer ring diameter is 200-260mm, and plate face opening diameter is 3-5mm, and percent opening is 3-5%; Test port is positioned at the lucite tube sidewall, is used to measure bed layer pressure and particle flow velocity; Loudspeaker is installed on the bottom of the pre-distributing chamber of gas, and the range distribution plate is 8-15mm, and directly links to each other with acoustic amplifier, signal generator, and acoustic amplifier and signal generator all place outside the fluid bed system; The pre-distributing chamber of air inlet is positioned at the pre-distribution grid of fluidized-bed reactor air inlet below, can make fluidizing gas evenly enter distribution grid, the sound field generation systems is installed in the bottom under the pre-distributing chamber of air inlet, by acoustic signal generator emission sound wave catalyst granules is carried out disturbance and produce pulverization, realize the aggregative fluidization of the stable homogeneous of particle; Overall structure adopts the annular space structure, avoids illumination irregular and cause the low problem of catalyst granules utilization rate, reaction zone to be designed to loop configuration, and its thickness is between 20-80mm.
The present invention forms same axial system by acoustic signal generator, quartz glass tube, lucite tube, uviol lamp, catalyst granules and gas distribution grid, with the ultraviolet lamp tube axial line is the center, successively that quartz glass tube, lucite tube is nested, the fluorescent tube of uviol lamp and the annular space between the quartz glass tube are inlet channel, and the annular space between quartz glass tube and the lucite tube is the fluidized-bed reaction zone; The pre-distributing chamber of the gas bottom position of fluid bed bottom is installed loudspeaker, and sound pressure level SPL is 100-160dB, and the frequency of sound wave scope is 30-120Hz; Uviol lamp power is 25-40W, and the radiation maximum wavelength is 254-365nm; Be used for vitalizing semiconductor material-nano titanium dioxide photocatalyst (P25), produce have strong oxidizing property can hydroxyl radical free radical or superoxide anion etc.; Active material carries out photochemical catalytic oxidation to the gaseous contaminant molecule that is adsorbed on catalyst surface, makes it finally be degraded to the small-molecule substance that does not have pollution fully, as CO
2And H
2O etc.; Fill the nano titanium dioxide photocatalyst of activated carbon granule load in the fluidized bed reaction zone between quartz glass tube and lucite tube, the pending air-flow that feeds is realized fluidization as fluidizing agent, guarantee that catalyst granules fully contacts with light, contaminant gases molecule, reaches the effect of photocatalytic degradation; The sound field generation systems combined type that is formed by signal generator, acoustic amplifier and speaker combination is installed on the bottom of reactor air inlet distribution grid, and sound wave produces perturbation action to catalyst granules after seeing through reactor air inlet distribution grid, and pulverized particles is reunited.
The present invention compared with prior art has the operating space field width, operate reliably easy, catalyst granules regeneration is simple, little to gaseous contaminant oxidation selectivity, treatment effect is good, energy consumption is little, solved that the poly-group that exists in the grain fluidized process that common fluid bed exists is serious, technical problems such as channel and elutriation, realize outstanding advantages such as stabilization fluid, simultaneously, but the use of reactor serial or parallel connection, and can be according to the environment space size, the reactor that design size is different extensively is suitable for large-scale place or high concentration VOCs place and family room.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an overall structure principle schematic of the present invention.
The specific embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment:
The main structure body of present embodiment comprises gas vent 13, gas access 14, the pre-distribution grid of air inlet (interior ring) and catalyst granules baffle plate (outer shroud) 1, lucite tube 3, quartz glass tube 4, uviol lamp 2, reactor air inlet distribution grid 5, fluorescent tube mounting seat 6, test port 12, loudspeaker 7, blower fan 8, gas configuration device 9, acoustic amplifier 11 and signal generator 10, and the worker of gas collection chamber, gas pre-mixed chamber II, inlet channel III, annular space fluidized bed reaction zone IV and the V of gas distributing chamber of closing; Each device or member constitute the photocatalytic degradation gaseous contaminant VOCs device or the reactor of column nesting type structure through the principle reliability; The functional structure of this device: gas vent 13 is positioned at the top center position of gas reactor collecting chamber I, caliber
The I of gas collection chamber sidewall is passed in gas access 14, is connected in the sidewall locations of gas reactor premixing cavity II, caliber
The gas pre-mixed chamber II that closes is nested in the I of gas collection chamber; The integral annular porous plate is integrated air inlet distribution grid 5 and catalyst granules baffle plate 1, catalyst granules baffle plate 1 is fixed with I of gas collection chamber and gas premixing cavity II wall; Ring is the air inlet porous plate that distributes in advance, diameter in the integral annular porous plate
Plate face opening diameter
Percent opening 3-5% guarantees that gas and sound wave evenly enter the fluidisation system, and outer shroud is the catalyst granules baffle plate, diameter 200-260mm, plate face opening diameter
Percent opening 3-5% guarantees that catalyst granules is not with the carrier gas outflow reactor; Lucite tube 3 calibers
High 800-1800mm; Quartz glass tube 4 calibers
High 800-1800mm, thickness are 5-8mm; Quartz glass tube 4 coaxial being nested in the lucite tube 3, quartz glass tube 4 and machine glass tube 3 upper ends join with catalyst granules baffle plate 1 inner periphery and the outer periphery justified margin respectively, quartz glass tube 4 and lucite tube 3 lower ends join with the outer edge of the reactor air inlet distribution grid 5 of annular gas distribution multiaperture-type respectively, the column annular region that constitutes is a fluidized bed reaction zone, and catalyst granules is filled in the reaction zone; The power 25W of uviol lamp 2, maximum emission wavelength 254-365nm, length 650-1400mm, be positioned on the axis of quartz glass tube 4, the fluorescent tube upper end supply socket of uviol lamp 2 is fixed on the center of the reactor air inlet distribution grid 5 of integral annular gas multiaperture-type, the bottom centre position of the pre-V of distributing chamber of gas is fixed in the lower end supply socket, for ease of installation and removal, adopts spring spool installation system to fix; Uviol lamp 2 is the inlet channel III that gas enters reactor with the column annular region that quartz glass tube 4 constitutes, and inlet channel III is communicated with the pre-V of distributing chamber of gas; The gas reactor distribution grid 5 of annular gas distribution multiaperture-type, interior ring diameter
Outer ring diameter
Plate face opening diameter
Percent opening 3-5%; Test port
12 are positioned at the lucite tube sidewall, are used to measure bed layer pressure and particle flow velocity; Loudspeaker 7 is installed on the bottom of the pre-V of distributing chamber of gas, and the range distribution plate is 8-15mm, and directly links to each other with acoustic amplifier 11, signal generator 10, and acoustic amplifier 11 all places outside the fluid bed system with signal generator 12.
The gas configuration device 9 of present embodiment is made up of gas generator and gas mixer, treats that prewired processing gas drives the 14 (calibers from the gas access by blower fan 8
Piping material is a tetrafluoroethene) enter the gas pre-mixed chamber II that closes, pass the pre-distribution grid 1 of air inlet (diameter 160mm, plate face opening diameter
Percent opening 3%) enters uviol lamp 2 successively and presort cloth chamber V, pass reactor air inlet distribution grid 5 (the interior ring diameters of annular again with column annular inlet passageway III and gas that quartz glass tube 4 forms
Outer ring diameter
Opening diameter
Percent opening 3%), arrive the annular space fluidized bed reaction zone IV of the column annular of lucite tube 3 and quartz glass tube 4 formation; Catalyst granules is filled in the above-mentioned reaction zone, at uviol lamp 2 (power 25W, ceiling capacity radiation wavelength 254nm) under the irradiation, generation have strong oxidizing property can hydroxyl radical free radical or superoxide anion etc., active material carries out photochemical catalytic oxidation to the VOCs molecule that is adsorbed on catalyst surface, the final small-molecule substance that does not have pollution that is degraded to fully is as CO
2And H
2O etc.; Gas after the processing passes gas outlet catalyst granules baffle plate (diameter 200mm, plate face opening diameter
Percent opening 4%) enters the I of gas collection chamber, through gas vent 13 (calibers
) flow out; Test port
12 are used to measure bed layer pressure and particle flow velocity; The sound field generation systems is opened simultaneously in start, constantly the perforate space of sound wave by reactor air inlet distribution grid 5 is acted on catalyst granules, realizes the effect of stable poly-bolus flowization.
The distribution of gas chamber of present embodiment and the effect of gas collection chamber are the homogeneity that ensures gas flow, thereby guarantee the endocorpuscular fluidization uniformity of fluid bed, and the import and export of gas must design on the axis; UV Absorption between the quartz ampoule reply 254-365nm is few, and its thickness is the smaller the better; On the lucite inside pipe wall, apply the utilization that reflectorized material helps light, prevent from externally to produce radiation, cause harm environment; Light transmission and gas flow rate have substantial connection, and setting operation gas speed has higher voidage and light transmission efficiency to guarantee fluidisation area as the case may be; The design of gas distribution grid makes sound wave and fluidizing gas homogeneous effectively enter fluidisation area, prevents the leakage of catalyst granules, the additional 1-2 layer silk screen on the distribution grid upper strata; If pending gas contains particle impurity, must prevent to stop up the distribution of gas plate hole at the air inlet indoor design filter course that distributes in advance; The frequency of sound field and the control of sound pressure level distribute bad phenomenon such as channel that exists in the elimination fluid mapper process and fluidisation dead band according to the amount of filler decision of concrete particle and catalyst with the homogenization of guaranteeing poly-group particle size.
Present embodiment is suitable for places such as room, office room, large supermarket and handles the VOCs gaseous contaminant, with the nano titanium oxide is that catalyst (grain diameter 10-20nm) and normal transparent silica gel particle (grain diameter 20-50 μ m) mix according to a certain percentage, handle the VOCs pollutant of room and public place etc., effect is good, also can save a large amount of catalyst amounts simultaneously.The device of employing present embodiment carries out the benzene gas of photocatalytic degradation low concentration, and the result shows, catalyst amount 100g, and the initial concentration of benzene is 80mg/m under the room temperature condition
3Degradation rate can reach more than 95%, with the device that does not add sound field relatively, not only degradation rate has improved about 10%, and fluid effect obviously improves, elutriation obviously reduces.
Claims (2)
1. acousto-optic coupling annular gap photocatalytic fluidized bed VOCs degrading device, main body comprises gas vent, gas access, the pre-distribution grid of air inlet or interior ring and catalyst granules baffle plate or outer shroud, lucite tube, quartz glass tube, uviol lamp, reactor air inlet distribution grid, fluorescent tube mounting seat, test port, loudspeaker, blower fan, gas configuration device, acoustic amplifier and signal generator, and gas collection chamber, gas pre-mixed chamber, inlet channel, annular space fluidized bed reaction zone and the gas distributing chamber of closing; It is characterized in that gas vent is positioned at the top center position of gas reactor collecting chamber, the sidewall locations that gas collection chamber's sidewall is connected in the gas reactor premixing cavity is passed in the gas access, and the gas pre-mixed chamber of closing is nested in the gas collection chamber; Integrated air inlet distribution grid of integral annular porous plate and catalyst granules baffle plate, catalyst granules baffle plate and gas collection chamber and gas premixing cavity wall are fixed; Ring makes gas and sound wave evenly enter the fluidisation system for the air inlet porous plate that distributes in advance in the integral annular porous plate, and outer shroud is the catalyst granules baffle plate, makes catalyst granules not with the carrier gas outflow reactor; Quartz glass tube is coaxial to be nested in the lucite tube, quartz glass tube and lucite tube upper end join with catalyst granules baffle plate inner periphery and the outer periphery justified margin respectively, quartz glass tube and lucite tube lower end join with the outer edge of the reactor air inlet distribution grid of annular gas distribution multiaperture-type respectively, the column annular region that constitutes is a fluidized bed reaction zone, and catalyst granules is filled in the reaction zone; Uviol lamp is positioned on the axis of quartz glass tube, the fluorescent tube upper end supply socket of uviol lamp is fixed on the center of the reactor air inlet distribution grid of integral annular gas multiaperture-type, the bottom centre position of the pre-distributing chamber of gas is fixed in the lower end supply socket, be convenient to installation and removal, adopt spring spool installation system to fix; The column annular region that uviol lamp and quartz glass tube constitute is the inlet channel that gas enters reactor, and inlet channel is communicated with the pre-distributing chamber of gas; Ring diameter is 160-220mm in the gas reactor distribution grid of annular gas distribution multiaperture-type, and outer ring diameter is 200-260mm, and plate face opening diameter is 3-5mm, and percent opening is 3-5%; Test port is positioned at the lucite tube sidewall, is used to measure bed layer pressure and particle flow velocity; Loudspeaker is installed on the bottom of the pre-distributing chamber of gas, and the range distribution plate is 8-15mm, and directly links to each other with acoustic amplifier, signal generator, and acoustic amplifier and signal generator all place outside the fluid bed system; The pre-distributing chamber of air inlet is positioned at the pre-distribution grid of fluidized-bed reactor air inlet below makes fluidizing gas evenly enter distribution grid, the sound field generation systems is installed in the bottom under the pre-distributing chamber of air inlet, acoustic signal generator emission sound wave carries out disturbance to catalyst granules and produces pulverization, realizes the aggregative fluidization of the stable homogeneous of particle; Overall structure adopts the annular space structure, avoids illumination irregular and cause the catalyst granules utilization rate low, and reaction zone is designed to loop configuration, and its thickness is between 20-80mm.
2. acousto-optic coupling annular gap photocatalytic fluidized bed VOCs degrading device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that forming same axial system by acoustic signal generator, quartz glass tube, lucite tube, uviol lamp, catalyst granules and gas distribution grid, with the ultraviolet lamp tube axial line is the center, successively that quartz glass tube, lucite tube is nested, the fluorescent tube of uviol lamp and the annular space between the quartz glass tube are inlet channel, and the annular space between quartz glass tube and the lucite tube is the fluidized-bed reaction zone; The pre-distributing chamber of the gas bottom position of fluid bed bottom is installed loudspeaker, and sound pressure level SPL is 100-160dB, and the frequency of sound wave scope is 30-120Hz; Uviol lamp power is 25-40W, and the radiation maximum wavelength is 254-365nm; Active material carries out photochemical catalytic oxidation to the gaseous contaminant molecule that is adsorbed on catalyst surface, makes it be degraded to the small-molecule substance that does not have pollution fully, as CO
2And H
2O; Fill the nano titanium dioxide photocatalyst of activated carbon granule load in the fluidized bed reaction zone between quartz glass tube and lucite tube, the pending air-flow that feeds is realized fluidization as fluidizing agent, catalyst granules is fully contacted with light, contaminant gases molecule, reach the effect of photocatalytic degradation; The sound field generation systems combined type that is formed by signal generator, acoustic amplifier and speaker combination is installed on the bottom of reactor air inlet distribution grid, and sound wave sees through and catalyst granules produced disturbance behind the reactor air inlet distribution grid and pulverized particles is reunited.
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