CN101834877B - Method and system for balancing dynamic load based on distributed SIP architecture - Google Patents
Method and system for balancing dynamic load based on distributed SIP architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for balancing dynamic load based on a distributed SIP architecture. The system comprises a user side, DNS, a database and a plurality of SIP servers for dynamically registering information thereof to the database. The method for balancing the dynamic load comprises the following steps: maintaining a real-time service state list for the SIP servers in the database, wherein, the service state list comprises an SIP server address, a working state and a load rate; and initiating a call to the registered SIP servers by the user side, processing the signaling if the servers are idle, otherwise re-directing the signaling to other available idle servers for processing. By the invention, the burden for processing SIP information can be equally shared by each server, and the bottleneck of the system caused by that all signaling passes through the same balance server is avoided. The system can dynamically adapt to participation and departure of the SIP servers, thus improving reliability and self adaptability of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implementation method and system of dynamic load leveling, particularly based on the method and system of the dynamic load leveling of distributed SIP architecture.
Background technology
Along with VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol); The extensive use of multimedia conferencing etc.; The application of session initiation protocol (Session Initiation Protocol is called for short SIP) is more and more wider, has become one of next generation multimedia communication protocol.
The increase of SIP applied business number of users, the processing capability requirements of server increases thereupon, how to make the SIP webserver improve Business Processing to greatest extent, and make each resource bring into play it simultaneously is the problem that needs are considered as far as possible to greatest extent.
What generally adopt at present is Clustering.Cluster generally is made up of a load equalizer and a plurality of server.Load equalizer provides a unified external interface; Receive user's the message and the response of forwarding server, when each user sends to load equalizer with sip message, by the allocation strategy of load equalizer; From a plurality of servers, select suitable (being generally not busy server); Forward this message to the server processing of getting on, the message response for server is forwarded to user terminal via load equalizer again.Because load equalizer only needs the IP that parses message and port or its Call-ID of lightweight; Arrive server according to balanced each message of distributing of this characteristic value then; Do not relate to the parsing fully and the processing of message; Therefore, load equalizer is less to the consumption of resource, thereby higher message throughput is arranged.Each server is accomplished identical functions, and is independently of one another, only handles the sip message that is assigned to book server.The increase of number of servers; Concurrent processing ability to user message strengthens thereupon; In addition; Owing to load equalizer is accomplished balanced each message of distributing to server as far as possible, thereby needing on a certain server can effectively avoid the message of processing too much to wait for, and other servers are in the situation of idle condition.
This mode can improve the disposal ability of system greatly; But it also has tangible drawback: at first; When though load equalizer is transmitted with each server less system resource of specific consumption mutually, thereby can more message be distributed to a plurality of server process because all requests and respond and all need pass through this load equalizer; When user's concurrent request surpasses the ability to bear of load equalizer; Message is waited on load equalizer,, also can only be waited for after load equalizer is come distribution of messages and could handle even server cluster has the ability to handle these message simultaneously.Like this, load equalizer just becomes a serious bottleneck of system, the disposal ability that system for restricting is higher.In addition; Existing load balancing allocation strategy generally is based on Call-ID's; Through this value is got hash value, thereby make Different Ca ll-ID discretization as far as possible after conversion, afterwards to being worth delivery (modulus is the number of server) behind the Hash; According to the difference of remainder, corresponding message is transferred to different server process.This method can not adaptation server dynamic adding and leave; When server adds or leaves; Load equalizer can't the aware services device variation; Thereby maybe be to the server that leaves service cluster with new call distribution, perhaps can't be to the server that joins service cluster with new call distribution.Thereby may cause call failure or load allocating uneven.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method and system of the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture; Thereby guarantee the adding through server and leave; The disposed of in its entirety ability of dynamic debugging system; Guarantee that simultaneously each server equilibrium shares Message Processing, avoid a certain processing unit to become the bottleneck of whole system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the method for a kind of dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
When step 2, user side were initiated registration to territory, DNS place, DNS selected that minimum sip server of registered user's load factor according to registered user's load factor of each server of said real-time service state tabulation record, distributes to the user side registration;
When step 3, user side were initiated the SIP request to the registration sip server, this sip server upgraded its present load number, if this server call load rate is less, then handles this message; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the minimum sip server of current call load rate, and this message is redirected on that sip server.
Further improved; When said step 3 is redirected to the sip server of call load rate minimum with this message, comprise that this sip server upgraded its present load number when step 4:SIP server was received redirected SIP request; If this server call load rate is less, then handle this message; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the minimum sip server of current call load rate, and this message is redirected on that sip server.
More optimal, comprise also when step 5:SIP server adds system that this initiate sip server is accepted new user's registration and shared the redirect message processing of other servers, and sets up heartbeat signal with said database; When server left, the user side that is registered to above it connected disconnection, is registered on other server again and the acceptance service, and the heartbeat signal of disconnection and said database.
The present invention also proposes a kind of system of the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture, and this system comprises:
Database is used for record and upgrades said real-time service state tabulation;
DNS is responsible for balanced distributing user end registration;
Sip server is accepted and process user end request message; Sip server has heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal;
User side, promptly the system registry user initiates the SIP services request.
Said real-time service state tabulation also comprises current register number of users, maximum registered user's number, current calls, maximum calls.
The present invention can make each server equilibrium treatment user side request and not have the equalization server limited processing ability; Simultaneously according to the demand of user side, dynamically to adjust the adding of server and leave and can satisfy new demand, and need not carry out other parameter setting, thereby improve the reliability of system greatly, adaptivity has very high practical value.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 server initialization flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is user side register flow path figure of the present invention.
Process chart when Fig. 4 directly handles request message for server call load rate is little.
Fig. 5 is that server call load rate is bigger, realizes the process chart of real-time load balancing in the time of need this request being redirected to other server process.
Fig. 6 adds, leaves the dynamically process chart of adjustment for system of the present invention according to server.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of system of the present invention.It comprises: DNS, database, a plurality of sip servers.The list structure sketch map of database is as shown in table 1, and it introduces See Figure 2 explanations in detail.DNS and a plurality of sip server are in the same territory; When user side during to the registration of this territory; At first initiate the DNS query messages to DNS; DNS selects the IP of the minimum server of this value to respond to user side according to registered user's load factor of each available server in the database, thereby user side is to server registration that distributes and initiation SIP request.When server is received the SIP request, upgrade its current calls, if book server call load rate is little then handles it, otherwise this message is redirected on the minimum server of other call load rate, thereby reaches effect of load balance.
| Server ip | State | The current register number of users | Maximum registered user's number | Registered user's load factor (%) | Current calls | Maximum calls | Call load rate (%) |
| 192.168.0.10 | 1 | 10 | 100 | 10 | 50 | 200 | 25 |
| 192.168.0.20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
The relevant information table of record server in table 1 database
The relevant information of table 1 comprises server ip address, state, current register number of users, maximum registered user's number, registered user's load factor, current calls, maximum calls, call load rate.
When sip server adds this system for the first time, do not deposit the information of this server in the database, for this reason, need in this table, add its IP address of record, and its state is changed to service state can be provided, as: 1 is available, and 0 is unavailable; When server withdraws from, state is changed to unavailable; When server starts once more, as long as be changed to the state of the IP of correspondence record available.
The maximum registered user's number and the maximum calls of this sip server are set in the sip server application configuration file, and this parameter also can be added up the last dividing value that obtains concurrent processing through real-time test run based on the hardware configuration decision of this sip server.Like this can be based on the different performance of each server in the system, the reasonable distribution load.During startup of server, this parameter is written in the database corresponding record.
Current calls is the message count that sip server need be handled, and how to calculate for this value, needs to consider the particularity of sip message processing procedure.A complete SIP session (session) comprises two affairs (transaction) (respectively corresponding INVITE handles and BYE handles) and exchange of media process.Media Stream generally by independently WMG completion forwarding, need not pass through sip server, and therefore, the exchange of media process need not consume the resource of sip server, only in two transaction processes, just needs sip server to handle.For this reason, current calls should increase 1 with it when receiving INVITE or BYE request breath, and when this request has been handled, it is subtracted 1.The busy condition that so just can accurately reflect sip server.
Registered user's load factor and call load rate come according to the variation of current register number of users, current calls by database trigger and in real time compute upgrade; Registered user's load factor=current register number of users/maximum registered user's number, call load rate=current calls/maximum calls.This parameter can rationally reflect the load of server, and it is minimum to be used for dns lookup registered user load factor, searches the minimum server of call load rate when reaching server redirection.
Sip server has heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal; Like this, when the sip server catastrophic failure, when the user who registers above it registers because of connecting disconnection again; Can be registered on other available server, continue to enjoy service.In addition, need trigger to make regular check on the state of each available sip server in the database,,, its state is changed to unavailable, service no longer is provided then for server breaks down if the time that server surpass to be set is not mutual with database.
Fig. 2 is a sip server initialization flowchart of the present invention.May further comprise the steps:
Step 201, sip server start, and start the sip server program;
Whether step 202, sip server have the server ip of record to conform to book server IP in database in the look-up table 1, nothing then is judged as this sip server and adds system for the first time, otherwise for adding system, are to start once more;
Step 203, be this sip server when adding system for the first time in judged result; In database table 1, increase a record; And the IP of minute book server, state is changed to upstate, based on the value in the configuration file; Write down maximum registered user's number, maximum calls, and current register number of users, registered user's load factor, current calls, call load rate are initialized as 0;
Fig. 3 is user side register flow path figure of the present invention, may further comprise the steps:
When step 401, user side registration, the register requirement address of sending out is the domain name at DNS and a plurality of sip server place, for this reason, needs to initiate the DNS inquiry to DNS earlier;
When step 402, DNS received the DNS query messages, which sip server the table 1 of Query Database was found out and has been started and be upstate, and according to registered user's load factor of these sip servers, selected the sip server of a minimum, obtained its IP address;
After step 404, user side obtain the IP address at registered domain name place, registration message is sent to the sip server of this IP, and wait for the other side's response;
When step 405, sip server are received step 404 register requirement, detect user's herd number and password thereof, if validated user; Then this sip server current register number of users increases 1 in database table 1; Simultaneously, find record, its state is changed to presence like the respective user number of following table 2 records; User IP and port are changed to IP and the port in the registration message, and registration sip server IP is changed to this sip server IP; If user profile is illegal, then above data-base recording registration need not carried out;
The information of registered users table, as shown in table 2 below,
| Subscriber Number | State | User IP and port | Registrar IP |
| 1000 | 1 | 192.168.0.100:10000 | 192.168.0.10 |
| 2000 | 0 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... |
Table 2 information of registered users table
Table 2 comprises the server ip of Subscriber Number, state, User IP and port, registration.Number when Subscriber Number is registered for the user, when succeeding in registration state value is changed to online, as: 0 is off-line, and 1 is online, and 2 is call state; And corresponding IP and the port value of recording user, the server ip of registration.When registration failure and user withdraw from state is changed to off-line; When the user is in the session its state is changed to call state.Corresponding IP and the port value of user can let the server correct handling be not registered to the user message on the book server.
When user side makes a call, can at first make a call to the server of being registered.Guarantee during registration that the number of users that distributes on each server is balanced as far as possible; So just can tentatively guarantee call treatment equalization of incidence potential on each server; Even the user calling request is more than other server on certain server; It is few as far as possible also can to guarantee to carry out the redirected request quantity of calling to call request, thereby improves the disposed of in its entirety ability of system to greatest extent.
Process chart when Fig. 4 directly handles request message for server call load rate is little, concrete steps are:
Step 5101, user side send the INVITE request to the server of registration;
Step 5102, because server receives that new request needs to handle, so the current calls of record that need database table 1 is corresponding with book server increases 1;
Step 5103, server be to the normal process of this INVITE request, be included in search in the database called, user both sides' state in the change database, and relevant signaling request and response between user both sides and server;
After step 5104, server finished to this INVITE Request Processing, the current calls of record that need database table 1 is corresponding with book server subtracted 1;
Media Stream between step 5105, user is mutual, wherein need pass through the forwarding of media transcoding gateway;
Step 5107, BYE request is the same with INVITE need to consume server resource, and the current calls of record that equally need database table 1 is corresponding with book server increases 1;
After step 5109, BYE Request Processing finished, the current calls of the record that database table 1 is corresponding with book server subtracted 1;
Fig. 5 is that server call load rate is bigger, realizes the process chart of real-time load balancing in the time of need this request being redirected to other server process, and concrete steps are:
Step 5201, user side send the INVITE request to the server of registration;
Step 5202, busier owing to book server so book server is not handled this message, and is transferred to other notr busy server process.The current calls of at first that database table 1 is corresponding with book server record increases 1, in this table, searches the minimum server of call load rate then, obtains its IP;
Step 5203, server are to user response 302 redirect request, and destination server is the server that obtained in a last step;
Step 5204, this INVITE Request Processing finish, and the current calls of the record that database table 1 is corresponding with book server subtracts 1;
Step 5205, the user server in redirect message is initiated the INVITE request;
Step 5206, when this call load rate servlets is received non-machine registered user's request, handle this message, the current calls of the record that database table 1 is corresponding with book server increases 1;
Step 5207,5208,5209 processing procedure and 5103～5109 processing procedure are similar, all are the corresponding message of normal process, and relevant parameter state in the change database.
Fig. 6 adds, leaves the dynamically process chart of adjustment for system of the present invention according to server.Concrete steps are:
After step 603, this server join system; It is identical with book server at first in database table 1, to search the server ip whether record is arranged, if there is not then newly-increased record, writes book server IP; State is changed to available; According to the value in the configuration file, write down maximum registered user's number, maximum calls, current register number of users, registered user's load factor, current calls, call load rate are changed to 0; Otherwise only need change each parameter value gets final product.If new user's registration is arranged, then DNS can find this server registration user load rate little, and new user is registered on this server.Simultaneously, the real-time call load rate of other server is bigger, when needing more redirected message to other server, also can find this server, thereby makes the overall operation burden of this server ability sharing system, reaches effect of load balance;
A certain server leaves or the failover cisco unity malfunction in step 604, the system;
Can find out from above step; Through the interaction mechanism between database and server; Can correctly obtain the correlation behavior of server in real time, the registration through DNS simultaneously distributes, can make system can be according to the adding of server, leave; The disposal ability of dynamic debugging system reaches the effect of dynamic load leveling.
It should be noted last that; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit and the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method based on the dynamic load leveling of distributed SIP architecture is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, in database, safeguard the real-time service state tabulation of a sip server, said service state tabulation comprises IP address, operating state, registered user's load factor, the call load rate of sip server;
When step 2, user side were initiated registration to territory, DNS place, DNS selected that minimum sip server of registered user's load factor according to registered user's load factor of each server of said real-time service state tabulation record, distributes to the user side registration;
When step 3, user side were initiated the SIP request to the registration sip server, this sip server upgraded its present load number, if this server call load rate is less, then handled this SIP request; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the minimum sip server of current call load rate, and this SIP request is redirected on that sip server.
2. the method for the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; When said step 3 is redirected to the sip server of call load rate minimum with this SIP request, comprise that this sip server upgraded its present load number when step 4:SIP server was received redirected SIP request; If this server call load rate is less, then handle this SIP request; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the minimum sip server of current call load rate, and this SIP request is redirected on that sip server.
3. the method for the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Also comprise when step 5:SIP server adds system; This initiate sip server is accepted new user's registration and is shared the redirect message processing of other servers, and sets up heartbeat signal with said database; When server left, the user side that is registered to above it connected disconnection, is registered on other server again and the acceptance service, and the heartbeat signal of disconnection and said database.
4. according to the system of the method for claim 1 or 2 said dynamic load levelings based on distributed SIP architecture, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Database is used for record and upgrades said real-time service state tabulation;
DNS is responsible for balanced distributing user end registration;
Sip server is accepted and process user end request message; Sip server and said database are set up heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal;
User side, promptly the system registry user initiates the SIP services request.
5. the system of the method for the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture according to claim 3 is characterized in that, comprising:
Database is used for record and upgrades said real-time service state tabulation;
DNS is responsible for balanced distributing user end registration;
Sip server is accepted and process user end request message; Sip server and said database are set up heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal;
User side, promptly the system registry user initiates the SIP services request.
6. according to the system of the method for the said dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture of claim 4, it is characterized in that said real-time service state tabulation also comprises current register number of users, maximum registered user's number, current calls, maximum calls.
7. according to the system of the method for the said dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture of claim 5, it is characterized in that said real-time service state tabulation also comprises current register number of users, maximum registered user's number, current calls, maximum calls.
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| CN102143075B (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2013-08-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Method and system for achieving load balance |
| CN102123179A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-07-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Load balancing method and system applied to distributed application system |
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| CN102523237A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-06-27 | 北京佳讯飞鸿电气股份有限公司 | Method for sharing load of SIP registrar in IP dispatching system |
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| CN110113303B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-07-09 | 国家计算机网络与信息安全管理中心 | SIP protocol stack load balancing system and method in telecommunication network IMS |
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