CN101833701A - Method for programming main body functional areas in region and support system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for programming main body functional areas in a region and a support system. The method comprises the following steps of: A, determining four acting forces for regional space development, namely pull, support force, resistance and pressure; B, calculating magnitudes of the four acting forces born by each space unit in the region; and C, calculating a resultant force of the four acting forces born by each space unit in the region to obtain a comprehensive division index of each space unit, and programming each space unit in the region to form a corresponding main body functional area type. The support system comprises a programming data import and pre-processing module, a programming index construction module, a programming compilation module, and a programming result display, output and statistic analysis module. The method and the system can divide the programming region into four main body functional areas comprising an optimized development area, a key development area, a limit development area and a forbidden development area, thereby improving the programming rationality and scientificity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the regional planning technical field, concrete, the present invention relates to a kind of method and planning back-up system of programming main body functional areas in region, can realize an area dividing is become four classes primary function area of different nature, be mainly used in the regional planning establishment field.
Background technology
" People's Republic of China's national economy and social development 11th Five-Year Plan outline " proposes to advance the formation main body functional areas in region first.Programming main body functional areas in region promptly is to be optimization development, focus development, restriction exploitation and four human subject functional areas, non-development zones with the territory spatial division according to the resource environment load-bearing capacity in zone, existing developing density and development potentiality.Division by the main body function impels economic development and population, resource, environment coordination, thus the sustainable development of support area.
Be an area dividing that four human subject functional areas are core contents of programming main body functional areas in region research how, it has become one of hot subject of the current urgency of China domain of dependence space development to be solved.Country is when proposing the primary function area planning tasks, clear and definite will the division from the resource environment load-bearing capacity in zone, existing developing density and development potentiality, but this only is the guiding suggestion of a macroscopic view, does not provide further concrete division methods and technical step.All parts of the country have all been carried out programming main body functional areas in region work one after another at present, and have obtained positive progress.Existing programming main body functional areas in region method can reduce: at first, the resource environment load-bearing capacity in zone, existing developing density and development potentiality as three big first class index, are chosen corresponding secondary and three grades of indexs again, make up a planning index system; Then, with classic methods such as space clustering method, leading factor methods achievement data is carried out analyzing and processing; At last, the result according to analyzing and processing carries out the division of four human subject functional areas.
But there is following problem in currently used above-mentioned zone primary function area planing method:
1, Consideration is abundant inadequately.The factor of range of influence space development not only comprises above-mentioned resource environment load-bearing capacity, existing developing density and development potentiality, also comprise the suitability degree of regional nature environment, regional space is developed and the obvious important influence of patterns of land use as the topography and geomorphology characteristics in zone to space development.
2, have certain information intersection and overlapping between the factor of being considered, discrimination is not enough.With factor " existing developing density " is example, and big more the infrastructure that then should the zone of developing density can be perfect more, and its environmental bearing capacity also can be big more accordingly, has certain cause-effect relationship between the two.When further index for selection, can exist information to intersect and overlapping like this, make science, the objectivity of data analysis result that to a certain degree loss be arranged.
On the other hand, also be not applied in the programming main body functional areas in region at present based on the planning back-up system of Geographic Information System (GIS) information-based decision-making technic means as a kind of advanced person.Though part has been utilized the GIS technology in the existing research, only as a kind of show tools of program results, the spatial analysis that GIS is powerful, modeling and decision making function are not fully excavated and are utilized.In addition, GIS business software complex structure commonly used is difficult to grasp, and this has also limited its application in programming main body functional areas in region.How for the programmed decision-making person who is unfamiliar with the GIS operative knowledge provide one be easy to learn and use, flexible and efficient planning back-up system become an important topic in the programming main body functional areas in region research.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of programming main body functional areas in region and utilize the programming main body functional areas in region back-up system of this method.This method and system is on the basis of multianalysis region resource environment, economy and social development state, the various influence factors of regional space exploitation are summed up as four kinds of acting forces, carry out the planning of four human subject functional areas by four kinds of effects being made every effort to make a concerted effort to obtain a comprehensive division index.Technical method of the present invention and system have overcome the shortcoming and defect that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of new technical scheme for solving this technical matters of programming main body functional areas in region.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention specifically is achieved in that
A kind of method that is used for programming main body functional areas in region, by the comprehensive division index of each space cell in the zoning space development process each space cell is planned to corresponding primary function area type, comprises optimal development zones, key zones for development, restricted development zones and non-development zones.This method may further comprise the steps:
A, determine that four kinds of suffered acting forces of regional space exploitation are pulling force, anchorage force, resistance and pressure, each acting force is chosen one group of evaluation index factor;
The size of the suffered four kinds of acting forces of each space cell in B, the zoning;
The making a concerted effort of the suffered four kinds of acting forces of each space cell in C, the zoning, obtain the comprehensive division index of each space cell, and each space cell in the zone is planned to corresponding primary function area type with this.
Wherein, pulling force in the steps A is represented regional economy, social development level, anchorage force is represented the supply capacity of the region resource energy, and resistance is represented the suitability degree of regional nature ecologic environment to space development, the load condition that on behalf of existing regional space exploitation, pressure regional environment is brought.The regulation represent content is chosen one group of n evaluation index factor for each acting force in view of the above then.
The size of the suffered four kinds of acting forces of each space cell comprises in the step B zoning:
B1, the standard that each evaluation index factor data of each acting force is carried out nondimensionalization are handled, the index factor data processing formula that is the bigger the better for value is following formula (1), is following formula (2) for the smaller the better index factor data processing formula of value:
Wherein, x
nBe the standardization end value, x is the original index value, x
MaxBe the maximal value in the original index, x
MinIt is the minimum value in the original index;
B2, utilize analytical hierarchy process to calculate the weight w of each evaluation index factor of each acting force;
B3, utilize the linear weighted function summation method to calculate the size of each suffered acting force of each space cell respectively, formula is a following formula:
Wherein, F is the sizes values of each acting force, x
nBe the evaluation index factor data standardization end value of this acting force, w
nIt is the weight of each evaluation index factor of this acting force.
The making a concerted effort of the suffered four kinds of acting forces of each space cell in the step C zoning, obtain the comprehensive division index I of each space cell, and each space cell in the zone is planned to corresponding primary function area type with this.Comprise:
C1, utilize analytical hierarchy process to calculate the weight w of each acting force;
C2, the comprehensive division index I that calculates each space cell are:
I＝(w
aF
a+w
bF
b)-(w
cF
c+w
dF
d)
Wherein, F
a, F
b, F
c, F
dBe respectively pulling force, anchorage force, resistance and pressure, w
a, w
b, w
c, w
dIt is respectively weight corresponding to each acting force;
C3, realize the division of four human subject functional areas according to the value of comprehensive division index I: it is optimal development zones, key zones for development, restricted development zones, non-development zones successively that the I value sorts from big to small, wherein the comprehensive division index I of optimal development zones and key zones for development is greater than zero, the comprehensive division index I of restricted development zones and non-development zones is a separation of dividing key zones for development and restricted development zones less than zero, zero.
A kind of programming main body functional areas in region back-up system adopts Arcgis Engine technology, and secondary development forms on the VB.Net platform, and system comprises with lower module:
Layout data imports and pretreatment module, is used for basic data is imported and pre-service, and basic data comprises the vector data (SHP) and the raster data (IMG) of Arcgis form.Pre-service comprises that the vector data to the SHP form adds complete factor graph layer of planning boundary formation, transfers the vector data of SHP form the raster data of IMG form to, so that participate in the space overlay analysis;
Planning index makes up module, is used for carrying out the steps A of above-mentioned zone primary function area planing method, sets the needed evaluation index factor of user system;
Plan compiling module, be used for carrying out the step B and the step C of above-mentioned zone primary function area planing method;
Program results demonstration, output and statistical analysis module are used to show, the program results of output system, calculate the planning area of each primary function area and the form output of result of calculation with image and Microsoft Excel file, so that further editing and processing.
Wherein, the planning compiling module further comprises extracted region function at ecological zero point, is used for calculating extracting the null zone of comprehensive division index I, for user's reference when the programmed decision-making.
By technique scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the main body functional areas in region type is the result of region resource environment, economy, social multifactor combined action, will take all factors into consideration these influence factors when planning comprehensively.The present invention is from the suffered acting force of regional space exploitation, the notion and the model of pulling force, anchorage force, resistance and pressure have been proposed, can when planning comprehensive and quantitative take all factors into consideration various influence factors, and when index system makes up, avoided the intersection of information and overlapping, had better discrimination.
2, the present invention is directed to the method for making a concerted effort that this technical matters of programming main body functional areas in region has proposed to calculate four kinds of acting forces, and then come primary function area type under the domain space unit, planning region by the comprehensive division index that calculates main body functional areas in region, method is directly perceived and clear and definite, has versatility widely.
3, the present invention is based on Arcgis Engine technology, and secondary development forms on the VB.Net platform, is the also software systems of independent operating can be installed on Windows operating system, is easy to grasp and promote.System has friendly operation interface, realized the comprehensive integration of above-mentioned planing method, comprised the repertoire module that is input to program results output from data, for the programmed decision-making person who is unfamiliar with the GIS operative knowledge provide one be easy to learn and use, flexible and efficient planning back-up system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet that is used for the programming main body functional areas in region method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that sequential schematic is divided in four human subject functional areas according to the big minispread of comprehensive division index of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that is used for the programming main body functional areas in region back-up system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is further explained explanation.
Main thought of the present invention is that different primary function area types is the result of region resource environment, economy, social multifactor combined action.At first these factors are classified as four kinds of acting forces, next calculates the size of each acting force, and then by calculating the comprehensive division index that it makes a concerted effort to obtain main body functional areas in region, the size according to the comprehensive division index of each space cell in the zone is planned to corresponding primary function area type to each space cell at last.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of programming main body functional areas in region method of the present invention.Referring to Fig. 1, this method may further comprise the steps:
Steps A: determine that four kinds of acting forces are pulling force, anchorage force, resistance and pressure.Wherein pulling force is represented regional economy, social development level, anchorage force is represented the supply capacity of the region resource energy, resistance is represented the suitability degree of regional nature ecologic environment to space development, the load condition that on behalf of existing regional space exploitation, pressure regional environment is brought.The regulation represent content is chosen one group of n evaluation index factor for each acting force in view of the above, can choose GDP per capita, urbanization rate, density of population index as pulling force, the optional water intaking resource of anchorage force, land resource, mineral resources index, resistance can be chosen elevation, gradient index, and pressure can be chosen wastewater discharge, discharge amount of exhaust gas, solid waste discharge capacity index.Certainly this only is an example, and the designer can change, increase or reduce corresponding index factor to each acting force as required.
Step B: the size of the suffered four kinds of acting forces of each space cell in the zoning.If there is m space cell in the planning zone, space cell can be an independently administrative area, as a county or a district, also but the planning space unit delimited voluntarily of designer.Main functionality type under each space cell all is the result of four kinds of acting force combined actions.At first, each evaluation index factor data is carried out the standard of nondimensionalization and handle, the index factor data processing formula that is the bigger the better for value is following formula (1), is following formula (2) for the smaller the better index factor data processing formula of value:
Wherein, x
nBe the standardization end value, x is the original index value, x
MaxBe the maximal value in the original index, x
MinIt is the minimum value in the original index.Through after this step process, all index factor data have been eliminated dimension difference, and have all had the characteristics of changing in the same way, promptly all are that value is the bigger the better.
Next utilizes analytical hierarchy process to calculate the weight w of each evaluation index factor, and analytical hierarchy process organically combines designer's qualitative judgement and quantitative Analysis, is a kind of method of the parameter factor weight that is widely used.
Utilize the linear weighted function summation method to calculate the size of each suffered acting force of each space cell respectively at last, formula is a following formula:
Wherein, F is the sizes values of each acting force, x
nBe the evaluation index factor data standardization end value of this acting force, w
nIt is the weight of each evaluation index factor of this acting force.
Step C: making a concerted effort of four kinds of acting forces that each space cell of zoning is suffered, obtain the comprehensive division index I of each space cell, and each space cell in the zone is planned to corresponding primary function area type with this, comprising:
At first utilize analytical hierarchy process to calculate the weight w of each acting force.
Next calculates the comprehensive division index I of each space cell, and formula is:
I＝(w
aF
a+w
bF
b)-(w
cF
c+w
dF
d)
Wherein, F
a, F
b, F
c, F
dBe respectively pulling force, anchorage force, resistance and pressure, w
a, w
b, w
c, w
dIt is respectively weight corresponding to each acting force.
At last realize the division of four human subject functional areas according to the value of comprehensive division index I: it is optimal development zones, key zones for development, restricted development zones, non-development zones successively that the I value sorts from big to small.
Fig. 2 is that sequential schematic is divided in four human subject functional areas according to the big minispread of comprehensive division index of the present invention.Wherein the I value of optimal development zones and key zones for development is greater than zero, and the I value of restricted development zones and non-development zones is a separation of dividing key zones for development and restricted development zones less than zero, zero.
Comprehensive division index I shows that greater than zero the regional space unit both had been fit to exploitation, and existing exploitation in the scope of its resource environment bearing capacity, therefore can be optimal development zones or key zones for development again.Optimal development zones will change the space development pattern of a large amount of consumption of natural resource and a large amount of exhaust emissions, the quality and the efficient that improve space development are put in the first place, thereby become the body region that drives the regional economy social development; The large-scale space exploitation then can be carried out in the key zones for development.A point among Fig. 2 is the separation of optimal development zones and key zones for development, and the designer can set its value flexibly according to planning purpose.
Comprehensive division index I shows that less than zero the natural ecological environment of planning unit is not suitable for exploitation, and existing exploitation has exceeded the scope of its resource environment bearing capacity, therefore should be restricted development zones or non-development zones.The appropriateness exploitation will be carried out in restricted development zones on the basis of preserving the ecological environment; Non-development zones then can not be carried out space development and should be as the ecological protection land used.B point among Fig. 2 is the separation of restricted development zones and non-development zones, and the designer can set its value flexibly according to planning purpose.
Especially, when comprehensive division index I equals zero, show that such regional space development is in a kind of special critical conditions, its main functionality type needs the designer to carry out qualitative analysis according to planning purpose, determines the primary function area type that it is affiliated again.
So far, finish the method for programming main body functional areas in region of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of programming main body functional areas in region back-up system of the present invention.System is based on Arcgis Engine technology, and secondary development forms on the VB.Net platform, is the also software systems of independent operating can be installed on Windows operating system.Referring to Fig. 3, this planning back-up system comprises layout data importing and pretreatment module, planning index structure module, planning compiling module, program results demonstration, output and statistical analysis module.
Wherein, layout data imports and pretreatment module, is used for basic data is imported and pre-service, and basic data comprises the vector data (SHP) and the raster data (IMG) of Arcgis form; Pre-service comprises that the vector data to the SHP form adds complete factor graph layer of planning boundary formation, transfers the vector data of SHP form the raster data of IMG form to, so that participate in the space overlay analysis.
Planning index makes up module, is used for carrying out the steps A of above-mentioned zone primary function area planing method, sets the needed evaluation index factor of user system.System design flexibly index system make up module, can make up according to the planning needs and have the various level index system, as three grades of index systems commonly used, the index system that can preserve foundation is the file of XML form, opens, revises the index file of the XML form of having set up.
Plan compiling module, be used for carrying out the step B and the step C of above-mentioned zone primary function area planing method.Concrete, each index factor data is figure layers of an IMG form in the system.System at first carries out nondimensionalization to the data plot layer and handles, calculate the weight of the index factor of each acting force with analytical hierarchy process, the overlay analysis of finishing the factor graph layer with the linear weighted function summation method obtains the value of each acting force again, thereby obtain the data plot layer of the IMG form of four reflection amount of force, thus the step B in the Method Of Accomplishment; Its subsystem calculates the weight of four acting forces with analytical hierarchy process, select the data plot layer of the IMG form of four acting forces to carry out the space overlap-add operation again, can finish the calculating of comprehensive division index, the user sets the value of the separation a of optimal development zones and key zones for development then, the value of the separation b of restricted development zones and non-development zones, thereby obtain the primary function area type under each space cell, thus the step C in the Method Of Accomplishment.Especially, the planning compiling module further comprises extracted region function at ecological zero point, is used for calculating extracting the null zone of comprehensive division index I, for user's reference when the programmed decision-making.The space development in this class zone is in a kind of special critical conditions, and its primary function area type needs the designer to carry out qualitative analysis according to the planning needs, determines the primary function area type that it is affiliated thus.
Program results demonstration, output and statistical analysis module are used to show, the program results of output system, calculate the planning area of each primary function area and the form output of result of calculation with image and Microsoft Excel file, so that further editing and processing.
By above-mentioned embodiment as seen, the method of the programming main body functional areas in region among the present invention can be considered more influence factor in the programming main body functional areas in region process, index system makes up has higher discrimination, more thorough for this analysis of complex system of zone, thereby improve the rationality and the science of planning, make program results have higher directive significance.Programming main body functional areas in region back-up system among the present invention is a core with the method for programming main body functional areas in region then, comprehensive integration other functional modules enough become a complete programming main body functional areas in region back-up system, can finish the whole operations that are input to program results output from layout data, make complicated program operation become simple and convenient, for the designer provides a flexible and efficient planning back-up system.
The above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; those skilled in the art is to be understood that; under the prerequisite that does not depart from spirit of the present invention and purport, can carry out various modifications and accommodation to concrete embodiment, these are revised and accommodation all should belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. method that is used for programming main body functional areas in region, it is characterized in that, by the comprehensive division index of each space cell in the zoning space development process each space cell is planned to corresponding primary function area type, comprises optimal development zones, key zones for development, restricted development zones and non-development zones.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
A, determine that four kinds of suffered acting forces of regional space exploitation are pulling force, anchorage force, resistance and pressure, each acting force is chosen one group of evaluation index factor;
The size of the suffered four kinds of acting forces of each space cell in B, the zoning;
The making a concerted effort of the suffered four kinds of acting forces of each space cell in C, the zoning, obtain the comprehensive division index of each space cell, and each space cell in the zone is planned to corresponding primary function area type with this.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, pulling force in the steps A is represented regional economy, social development level, anchorage force is represented the supply capacity of the region resource energy, resistance is represented the suitability degree of regional nature ecologic environment to space development, the load condition that on behalf of existing regional space exploitation, pressure regional environment is brought, the regulation represent content is chosen one group of n evaluation index factor for each acting force in view of the above.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that step B further comprises:
B1, the standard that each evaluation index factor data of each acting force is carried out nondimensionalization are handled, the index factor data processing formula that is the bigger the better for value is following formula (1), is following formula (2) for the smaller the better index factor data processing formula of value:
Wherein, x
nBe the standardization end value, x is the original index value, x
MaxBe the maximal value in the original index, x
MinIt is the minimum value in the original index;
B2, utilize analytical hierarchy process to calculate the weight w of each evaluation index factor of each acting force;
B3, utilize the linear weighted function summation method to calculate the size of each suffered acting force of each space cell respectively, formula is a following formula:
Wherein, F is the sizes values of each acting force, x
nBe the evaluation index factor data standardization end value of this acting force, w
nIt is the weight of each evaluation index factor of this acting force.
5. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that step C further comprises:
C1, utilize analytical hierarchy process to calculate the weight w of each acting force;
C2, the comprehensive division index I that calculates each space cell are:
I＝(w
aF
a+w
bF
b)-(w
cF
c+w
dF
d)
Wherein, F
a, F
b, F
c, F
dBe respectively pulling force, anchorage force, resistance and pressure, w
a, w
b, w
c, w
dIt is respectively weight corresponding to each acting force;
C3, realize the division of four human subject functional areas according to the value of comprehensive division index I: it is optimal development zones, key zones for development, restricted development zones, non-development zones successively that the I value sorts from big to small, wherein the comprehensive division index I of optimal development zones and key zones for development is greater than zero, the comprehensive division index I of restricted development zones and non-development zones is a separation of dividing key zones for development and restricted development zones less than zero, zero.
6. a programming main body functional areas in region back-up system adopts Arcgis Engine technology, and secondary development forms on the VB.Net platform, it is characterized in that, this system comprises with lower module:
Layout data imports and pretreatment module, is used for basic data is imported and pre-service, and basic data comprises the vector data (SHP) and the raster data (IMG) of Arcgis form.Pre-service comprises that the vector data to the SHP form adds complete factor graph layer of planning boundary formation, transfers the vector data of SHP form the raster data of IMG form to, so that participate in the space overlay analysis;
Planning index makes up module, is used for the steps A that enforcement power requires 2 described programming main body functional areas in region methods, sets the needed evaluation index factor of user system;
The planning compiling module is used for step B and step C that enforcement power requires 2 described programming main body functional areas in region methods;
Program results demonstration, output and statistical analysis module are used to show, the program results of output system, calculate the planning area of each primary function area and the form output of result of calculation with image and Microsoft Excel file, so that further editing and processing.
7. system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the planning compiling module further comprises extracted region function at ecological zero point, is used for calculating extracting the null zone of comprehensive division index I, for user's reference when the programmed decision-making.
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| CN102194120B (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2013-01-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for extracting land for teaching by using remote sensing image, relative elevation and geographic ontology |
| CN102663527A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-12 | 清华大学 | Water resource ecological sensitivity analysis method for urban and rural planning |
| CN102663525A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-12 | 清华大学 | Urban content model method for ecological planning of cities and countries |
| CN102663525B (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2016-04-20 | 清华大学 | The city content model method of a kind of town and country ecological planning |
| WO2016141753A1 (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-15 | 中山大学 | Method of demarcating noise environment function areas based on road network and points of interest |
| CN106600028A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-04-26 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Sponge city planning space control data analysis system and method |
| CN107730133A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of energy landscape planing method |
| CN107730133B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-09-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of energy landscape planing method |
| CN109829021A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-31 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | A kind of map methods of exhibiting and device |
| CN112348404A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-09 | 广州市白云区城市规划设计研究所 | Village planning implementation evaluation system |
| CN114139827A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-04 | 北京建筑大学 | Intelligent sensing and optimizing method for urban functional area function performance |
| CN114139827B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-02-09 | 北京建筑大学 | Intelligent perception and optimization method for urban functional area function performance |
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