Background technology
Electroplating sludge is that mould is electroplated source mill, adopt intelligent oxidation, orthoscopic is electroplated, intelligence copper, nickel, chromium is electroplated, fluid pressure type is electroplated, the automobile specified plated film, the intermediate frequency magnetic control film coating, decorate vacuum plating, big machinery electroplating devices such as multifunction ion plated film, electroplate at mould, stainless steel is electroplated, automobile, car light, sign, coil of strip, electrical equipment, LCD TV, sound equipment, household appliances etc., carry out surface sand-blasting, polishing, tumbling, polishing, scratch brushing, the big machinery chemical nickel plating, the sanitary sewage of living quarters discharging in the antiquated sand mud that produces in the production processes such as large-scale printer bearing chemical nickel plating and aluminium alloy Direct Electroplating and trade effluent and the factory, the solid waste of separating after treatment, because sandblasting is arranged when processing treatment, Solvent degreasing, electrochemical deoiling, electrochemical degreasing etc., therefore, the composition of electroplating sludge and the equal more complicated of originating.It is higher wherein to contain contents of heavy metal elements such as a large amount of cadmiums, mercury, lead, chromium, arsenic, nickel, zinc, copper, prussiate, also contains hazardous and noxious substances such as pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ovum, organic pollutant, belongs to one of dangerous solid waste of national regulation.Along with the development scale of China's industrial production and rapid development of economy, particularly automotive industry and high-speed railway is increasing, the quantity discharged of the sanitary sewage in metal plating waste water and employee living quarters is increasing, and the generation of electroplating sludge also increases sharply.The electroplating sludge of a large amount of accumulation not only will take a large amount of soils, and objectionable constituent wherein such as heavy metal; Copper, chromium, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, zinc etc., pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ovum, organic pollutant and foul smell will become big public hazards that influence urban environmental hygiene.Effective treatment technology is all actively being sought by governments at all levels and relevant department, and China mainly is to adopt burying method to handle, to reduce the pollution to environment to the treatment process of electroplating sludge at present.But, the composition more complicated of electroplating sludge, water ratio height, particularly heavy metal content height belong to the dangerous solid waste of high pollution.If unprocessed direct landfill, will contaminated soil and groundwater resource, be easy to generate secondary pollution, environment is caused serious harm.Long-term landfill need take a large amount of land resources, how properly scientifically electroplating sludge to be carried out treatment and disposal, makes it reach minimizing, stabilization, innoxious and resource utilization.Become one of the big research topic of scientific and technical personnel's extensive concern of China and even whole world environment circle.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks of producing with electroplating sludge just for the problem that solves above-mentioned existence, thereby solved the pollution of electroplating sludge to environment, also solved the resource recycling of electroplating sludge, and turn waste into wealth, change evil and be benefit, realized that the resource benign cycle of solid waste utilizes.
The present invention also provides the manufacture method of electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks.
The objective of the invention is by following technical proposal Shi Now's;
A kind of baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks of producing with electroplating sludge, it is made by the following weight proportion raw material;
30~45 parts of electroplating sludge powders
25~35 parts of the useless body refuse powders in basis
15~25 parts of slag powders
15~25 parts of cinder powders
10~20 parts in calcium oxide
5~8 parts in calcium sulfate
1.5~2.5 parts in yellow soda ash
1.5~2.5 parts of boric acid
1~2 part in ferrous sulfate
4~8 parts in sal epsom
0.5~0.8 part of Li high molecular heavy metals trapping agent
13~22 parts in water,
Described electroplating sludge powder is that mould is electroplated source mill, adopt intelligent oxidation, orthoscopic is electroplated, intelligence copper, nickel, chromium is electroplated, fluid pressure type is electroplated, the automobile specified plated film, the intermediate frequency magnetic control film coating, decorate vacuum plating, big machinery electroplating devices such as multifunction ion plated film, electroplate at mould, stainless steel is electroplated, automobile, car light, sign, coil of strip, electrical equipment, LCD TV, sound equipment, household appliances etc., carry out surface sand-blasting, polishing, tumbling, polishing, scratch brushing, the big machinery chemical nickel plating, the antiquated sand mud and the trade effluent that produce in the production processes such as large-scale printer bearing chemical nickel plating and aluminium alloy Direct Electroplating, a kind of solid waste of separating after treatment.Through dehydration, deodorizing, sterilization, chelation treatment, drying, after the rolling sorting, make particle diameter again and be powder less than-3mm;
The useless body refuse powder in described basis is the solid waste such as silt stone that the useless body refuse that produces in the construction process that digs basis and underground parking of Urban House construction project and urban engineering project discharge in construction process, through sorting, fragmentation, pulverizing, screening, drying, after the rolling sorting, make particle diameter again and be powder less than-2mm;
Described slag powder is the waste residue that discharge various types of briquette boilers burning back, removes through fragmentation, sorting, pulverizing, magnetic separation that to make particle diameter behind the scrap metal be powder less than-3mm;
Described cinder powder is a domestic refuse through the waste residue of discharging behind the burning electricity generation, removes through sorting, pulverizing, magnetic separation and makes particle diameter behind the scrap metal and be the powder less than-3mm;
A kind of manufacture method of the baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks of producing with electroplating sludge, it is undertaken by following step:
(a) 30~45 weight parts (down together) are electroplated and stained the mud powder, the body refuse powder gives up on 25~35 parts basis, 15~25 parts slag powder, 15~25 parts cinder powder, 10~20 parts calcium oxide, 5~8 parts calcium sulfate, 1.5~2.5 parts yellow soda ash, 1.5~2.5 parts boric acid, 1~2 part ferrous sulfate, 4~8 parts sal epsom, 0.5 mixing ,~0.8 part Li high molecular heavy metals trapping agent and 13~22 parts of water utilize de-airing extruder to be squeezed into rectangular stripe shape after the stirring of employing biaxial rneader is moist shape, through the blank cutter excision forming, under the pressure of 20~30Mpa, make the electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly adobe of moulding, carry out seasoning.
(b) again the electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly adobe of moulding after seasoning carried out roasting with the tunnel kiln and make electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly brick product.
Its powder particle diameter of described calcium oxide and calcium sulfate is-0.2mm.
The present invention adopts electroplating sludge, the useless body refuse in basis, slag, cinder, is the main raw material of light-weight environment-friendly brick, utilize calcium oxide, calcium sulfate as solidifying agent, utilize slag and cinder internal combustion raw material as the environmental protection brick, be because slag and cinder itself contain a certain amount of fixed carbon and volatile matter, be generally 20%~30%, its thermal value is 1300~2500KJ/kg; Can burn, promptly save energy is protected environment again.Meet the technical requirements of national energy-saving and emission-reduction, development low-carbon economy.Cause the adobe of electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly with chemical feedstockss such as calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, yellow soda ash, boric acid, the agent of Li high molecular heavy metals trapping are mixed, utilize the tunnel kiln to carry out roasting.With ferrous sulfate is reductive agent, and sal epsom is the retention agent of ferrous sulfate, and the foul smell in the mud is fully decomposed, and reaches rapid de-odorised purpose.
Described slag powder is the waste residues of various types of coals through discharging after the boiler combustion, wherein contain a certain amount of fixed carbon and volatile matter, can be used as the internal combustion raw material of electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks, described cinder powder, it is the waste residue that domestic refuse is discharged behind burning electricity generation, wherein contain a certain amount of fixed carbon and volatile matter, can be used as the internal combustion raw material of electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks;
The manufacture method of electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks of the present invention, be to adopt the agent of Li high molecular heavy metals trapping that it is carried out chelation treatment the electroplating sludge powder, make electroplating sludge reach the reinforcement chemical stabilization, high-load heavy metal element is captured, generate the huge legendary turtle compound of cross-linked structure, realized the efficient stableization of electroplating sludge.Mixes with the useless body refuse powder in basis, slag powder, cinder powder, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, yellow soda ash, boric acid, ferrous sulfate, sal epsom and water and to utilize de-airing extruder to be squeezed into rectangular stripe shape after adopting the biaxial rneader stirring to be moist shape, through the blank cutter excision forming, under the pressure of 20~30Mpa, make the adobe of electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly, carry out seasoning after 7 days.Again moulding after sending the tunnel kiln to, the electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly adobe electricity consumption bottle car of seasoning is carried out roasting.After roasting, make electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks product.Thereby solved the high problem of handling difficulty of electroplating sludge heavy metal content, realized the resource recycling of electroplating sludge, to reduce pollution to physical environment.
Also can be made into the holllow building block and the pavement bricks of different size with raw material of the present invention.
The electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks of producing according to the technology of the present invention, through the relevant building materials quality detection department check of Country family's regulation, every technical indicator all reaches the construction material standard-required that Country family stipulates.
Building material product quality test center detected result is as follows through Guangdong Province's building materials research institute:
Electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly solid brick detects: according to Guangzhou capital construction commission file: (2002) No. 15 literary compositions of fringe building and GB13545-2003 standard.Specification: 240x115x53mm.
A) ultimate compression strength: 10 mean value: 14.23Mpa, monolithic minimum value: 11.06Mpa.
B) anti-folding Strong degree: mean value: 3.5Mpa, monolithic minimum value: 3.0Mpa.
C) water-intake rate 18.8%.
D) volume density is: 1532Kg/m3.
E) radioactivity: internal radiation: 0.10, external radiation exposure: 0.53, be better than national standard.Test basis: GB6566-2001 " the radioactive material nucleic is limited the quantity of "
The test basis of electroplating sludge holllow building block: GB/T15229-2002, specification is: 390X190X190mm, ultimate compression strength mean value is: 8.3Mpa, the monolithic minimum value is: 7.2Mpa, dry apparent density is: 1022Kg/m3, contract with dry rate is: 0.023%, all be better than 5.0 grades the standard that Country family stipulates.
Owing to take technique scheme the technology of the present invention compared with the prior art to have following advantage and effect:
A) electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks of the present invention is all sealed the high-content toxic heavy metal of electroplating sludge up for safekeeping in adobe in high-temperature calcination process, has killed all unwanted bacterias through high temperature, has avoided secondary pollution.And brick do not have the peculiar smell hole many, has certain sound insulation, effect of heat insulation etc.; Because the relative density of electroplating sludge, slag, cinder is littler than clay, therefore, each piece light-weight environment-friendly brick is than more than the light 0.7kg of clay solid brick, and it is lighter more than 35% than stone flour cement block to make holllow building block.Therefore can alleviate the deadweight of buildings and the work-ing life of prolongation high-rise building;
B) production technique is simple, three-waste free discharge, meet national energy-saving and emission-reduction, development low-carbon economy and No. 66 literary compositions of circular economy policy and Country affair institute " energy-conservation, save land, water saving, material-saving, sharp useless, insulation, new construction material such as heat insulation " and require spirit about greatly developing, and less investment, See are imitated soon, cost is low, profitable, are fit to the factories that do at different levels;
C) utilize electroplating sludge, slag, cinder brickmaking to substitute traditional solid clay brick, be green, environmental protection, energy-saving building material, development prospect is widely arranged;
D) adopt electroplating sludge cinder and slag as the internal combustion roasting raw material of light-weight environment-friendly brick, can make full use of flammable industrial wastes such as electroplating sludge cinder and slag, save energy reduces cost, and reduces environmental pollution again.Also can accelerate the rate of roasting of tunnel kiln, quicken the turnover of tunnel kiln, improve the quality and the output of finished product.Shorten the body drying cycle, alleviate the apparent density of finished bricks.Reduce thermal conductivity and thermosteresis, improve the heat-insulation and heat-preservation ability; Increase the benefit.
E) having solved electroplating sludge, cinder and slag needs the difficult problem that takies a large amount of land resources and cause secondary pollution easily in the landfill process, both protected environment, has saved the soil again, makes the resource regeneration rate of electroplating sludge reach 100%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Mould is electroplated source mill, adopt intelligent oxidation, orthoscopic is electroplated, intelligence copper, nickel, chromium is electroplated, fluid pressure type is electroplated, the automobile specified plated film, the intermediate frequency magnetic control film coating, decorate vacuum plating, big machinery electroplating devices such as multifunction ion plated film, electroplate at mould, stainless steel is electroplated, automobile, car light, sign, coil of strip, electrical equipment, LCD TV, sound equipment, household appliances etc., carry out surface sand-blasting, polishing, tumbling, polishing, scratch brushing, the big machinery chemical nickel plating, the antiquated sand mud and the trade effluent that produce in the production processes such as large-scale printer bearing chemical nickel plating and aluminium alloy Direct Electroplating, a kind of solid waste of separating after treatment.Through dehydration, deodorizing, sterilization, chelation treatment, drying, after the rolling sorting, make particle diameter again and be powder less than-3mm;
The solid waste such as silt stone that useless silt that the Urban House construction project is produced in digging the basis and the construction process of underground parking and urban engineering project discharge in construction process, through sorting, fragmentation, pulverizing, screening, drying, after the rolling sorting, make particle diameter again and be the useless body refuse powder in basis less than-2mm;
With various types of coals waste residue, remove through fragmentation, sorting, pulverizing, magnetic separation that to make particle diameter behind the scrap metal be slag powder less than-3mm through discharging after the boiler combustion;
The waste residue that domestic refuse is discharged behind burning electricity generation, removing its powder particle diameter behind the scrap metal through sorting, pulverizing, magnetic separation is cinder powder less than-3mm;
Get the electroplating sludge powder 30kg of above-mentioned preparation, the useless body refuse powder 35kg in basis, slag powder 15kg, cinder powder 25kg, particle diameter is-the calcium oxide 10kg of 0.2mm, calcium sulfate 5kg, yellow soda ash 1.5kg, boric acid 1.5kg, ferrous sulfate 1kg, sal epsom 4kg, Li high molecular heavy metals intercalating agent 0.5kg and water 13kg, utilize de-airing extruder to be squeezed into rectangular stripe shape after above-mentioned raw materials mix adopted biaxial rneader to stir to be moist shape, through the blank cutter excision forming, under the pressure of 28Mpa, make the adobe of electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly, carry out seasoning after 7 days, again moulding is carried out roasting after the light-weight environment-friendly adobe electricity consumption bottle car of seasoning is sent the tunnel kiln to, after roasting, make electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks product.Average after testing resistance to compression Strong degree is: 14.23Mpa, folding strength is: 3.5Mpa.Water-intake rate 18.8%, volume density 1532kg/m3, radioactivity: internal radiation 0.10, external radiation exposure 0.53, requirement all is up to state standards.
Embodiment 2
Get the electroplating sludge powder 35kg of embodiment 1, the useless body refuse powder 30kg in basis, slag powder 18kg, cinder powder 18kg, particle diameter is the calcium oxide 13kg of 0.2mm, calcium sulfate 6kg, yellow soda ash 1.8kg, boric acid 1.8kg, ferrous sulfate 1.2kg, sal epsom 5kg, Li high molecular heavy metals trapping agent 0.6kg and water 15kg, utilize de-airing extruder to be squeezed into rectangular stripe shape after above-mentioned raw materials mix adopted biaxial rneader to stir to be moist shape, through the blank cutter excision forming, under the pressure of 23Mpa, make the adobe of electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly, carry out seasoning after 7 days, again moulding is carried out roasting after the electroplating sludge environmental protection adobe of seasoning is sent the tunnel kiln to electromobile, after roasting, make electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks product.Average after testing resistance to compression Strong degree is: 12Mpa, anti-folding Strong degree is: 2.9Mpa.
Embodiment 3
Get embodiment 1 electroplating sludge powder 45kg, the useless body refuse powder 25kg in basis, slag powder 25kg, cinder powder 15kg, particle diameter is-the calcium oxide 20kg of 0.2mm, calcium sulfate 8kg, yellow soda ash 2.5kg, boric acid 2.5kg, ferrous sulfate 2kg, sal epsom 8kg, Li high molecular heavy metals trapping agent 0.8kg and water 22kg, above-mentioned raw materials mix stirred use the mechanical vibration extrusion molding after being moist shape, under the pressure of 30Mpa, make the electroplating sludge light-weight hollow building block made, carry out seasoning after 7 days, again moulding is carried out roasting after the electroplating sludge light-weight hollow building block made of seasoning is sent the tunnel kiln to electromobile, after roasting, make electroplating sludge light-weight hollow building block made product.Mean compressive strength is after testing: 8.3Mpa, and the monolithic minimum value is: 7.2Mpa, dry apparent density is: 1022kg/m3, contract with dry rate is: 0.023%, all be better than 5.0 grades standard of national regulation.
Embodiment 4
Get the electroplating sludge powder 40kg of embodiment 1, the useless body refuse powder 30kg in basis, slag powder 20kg, cinder powder 21kg, particle diameter is the calcium oxide 15kg of 0.2mm, calcium sulfate 7kg, yellow soda ash 2kg, the ferrous 1.5kg of boric acid 2kg acid, sal epsom 6kg, Li high molecular heavy metals trapping agent 0.7kg and water 18kg, utilize de-airing extruder to be squeezed into rectangular stripe shape after above-mentioned raw materials mix adopted biaxial rneader to stir to be moist shape, through the blank cutter excision forming, under the pressure of 25Mpa, make the adobe of electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly, carry out seasoning after 7 days, again moulding is carried out roasting after the electroplating sludge environmental protection adobe of seasoning is sent the tunnel kiln to electromobile, after roasting, make electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks product.Average after testing resistance to compression Strong degree is: 13Mpa, anti-folding Strong degree is: 3Mpa.
Embodiment 5
Get the electroplating sludge powder 38kg of embodiment 1, the useless body refuse powder 33kg in basis, slag powder 22kg, cinder powder 23kg, particle diameter is the calcium oxide 18kg of 0.2mm, calcium sulfate 8kg, yellow soda ash 2.3kg, the ferrous 1.8kg of boric acid 2.3kg acid, sal epsom 7kg, Li high molecular heavy metals trapping agent 0.6kg and water 20kg, utilize de-airing extruder to be squeezed into rectangular stripe shape after above-mentioned raw materials mix adopted biaxial rneader to stir to be moist shape, through the blank cutter excision forming, under the pressure of 28Mpa, make the adobe of electroplating sludge light-weight environment-friendly, carry out seasoning after 7 days, again moulding is carried out roasting after the electroplating sludge environmental protection adobe of seasoning is sent the tunnel kiln to electromobile, after roasting, make electroplating sludge baked light-weight environmental-friendly bricks product.Average after testing resistance to compression Strong degree is: 14Mpa, anti-folding Strong degree is: 3.5Mpa.